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2013 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing最新文献

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Web Services QoS Measure Based on Subjective and Objective Weight 基于主客观权重的Web服务QoS度量
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.10
You Ma, Shangguang Wang, Qibo Sun, Hua Zou, Fangchun Yang
The previous Quality of Service (QoS) measure method for Web services are not accurate as they often focused on the ambiguity of user preferences but neglected its one-sidedness (i.e., user preferences cannot realize the data distribution characteristics of services set). This paper first points out that user preferences are not only ambiguous but also one-sided. QoS measure should be a co-action of both user preferences and services set, and therefore neglecting the data distribution characteristics of services set have weakened the accuracy of measure results. We present in this paper a novel QoS measure algorithm for Web services employing the subjective and objective weight. The subjective weight is used to quantify ambiguous user preferences and the objective weight is used to correct the one-sidedness of user preference. The two used weights guarantee the measure results can both conform to user preference and reflect the overall performance precisely. The validation of theoretical analysis and experiments based on the QWS real data sets confirmed the efficiency of proposed algorithm.
以往针对Web服务的服务质量(QoS)度量方法往往关注用户偏好的模糊性,而忽略了其片面性(即用户偏好无法实现服务集的数据分布特征),因而不准确。本文首先指出用户偏好不仅是模糊的,而且是片面的。QoS度量应该是用户偏好和服务集的共同作用,忽略服务集的数据分布特征会削弱度量结果的准确性。本文提出了一种基于主客观权重的Web服务QoS度量算法。主观权重用于量化模棱两可的用户偏好,客观权重用于纠正用户偏好的片面性。使用的两种权重保证了测量结果既符合用户偏好,又能准确反映整体性能。基于QWS真实数据集的理论分析和实验验证了该算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 6
Integrating RESTful Service into BPEL Business Process on Service Generation System 在服务生成系统上将RESTful服务集成到BPEL业务流程中
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.70
Budan Wu, Rongheng Lin, Junliang Chen
New value-added business, generated by Web service composition in BPEL, provides more powerful and flexible features. SOAP-based web services invoked in BPEL are heavy with redundant information and lower performance. RESTful Web service is brought forward to new value-added business as an alternative solution. However, it's a big challenge to compose RESTful Web services with SOAP-based Web Services in SOA BPEL business processes. BPEL is not designed to use RESTful Web services because these types of services do not use WSDL to describe themselves. This paper proposes a novel approach for integrating RESTful Web services and SOAP-based Web services in business processes described in BPEL. The approach is applied to a practical multimedia conference BPEL process, and the experimental data show the stability of the new RESTful BPEL process with a higher performance.
由BPEL中的Web服务组合生成的新增值业务提供了更强大、更灵活的特性。在BPEL中调用的基于soap的web服务包含大量冗余信息,性能较低。rest式Web服务作为一种替代解决方案被提出到新的增值业务中。然而,在SOA BPEL业务流程中,将RESTful Web服务与基于soap的Web服务组合在一起是一个很大的挑战。BPEL不是为使用RESTful Web服务而设计的,因为这些类型的服务不使用WSDL来描述自己。本文提出了一种在BPEL中描述的业务流程中集成RESTful Web服务和基于soap的Web服务的新方法。将该方法应用于一个实际的多媒体会议BPEL流程中,实验数据表明了该方法的稳定性和较高的性能。
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引用次数: 7
Sharing with a Difference: Realizing Service-Based SaaS Applications with Runtime Sharing and Variation in Dynamic Software Product Lines 差异共享:在动态软件产品线中实现基于服务的SaaS应用程序的运行时共享和变化
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.30
I. Kumara, Jun Han, A. Colman, Tuan-Anh Nguyen, Malinda Kapuruge
A single-instance multi-tenant (SIMT) SaaS application enables a SaaS provider to achieve economies of scale through runtime sharing. However, runtime sharing can make tenant-specific variations difficult to achieve in such an application. In this paper, we propose an approach to realizing SIMT SaaS applications, which is based on Dynamic Software Product Lines (DSPL) and supports runtime sharing and variation. With the collaboration among a subset of services as the unit of composition, the commonality among the tenants' requirements is realized in the DSPL architecture by sharing collaboration units, and their variability is realized by composing different collaboration units, all at runtime. In addition, we adopt a feature-based high-level representation of the commonality and variability between the tenants' requirements to facilitate the runtime creation and reconfiguration of their application variants. We compare our approach with two alternative approaches in terms of development effort and degree of sharing. We further quantify the runtime overhead incurred by our multi-tenancy support.
单实例多租户(SIMT) SaaS应用程序使SaaS提供商能够通过运行时共享实现规模经济。但是,运行时共享可能会使得在这样的应用程序中难以实现特定于租户的变化。本文提出了一种基于动态软件产品线(Dynamic Software Product Lines, DSPL)并支持运行时共享和变化的SIMT SaaS应用实现方法。将服务子集之间的协作作为组合单元,在DSPL体系结构中通过共享协作单元来实现租户需求之间的共性,并通过组合不同的协作单元来实现其可变性,所有这些都是在运行时进行的。此外,我们采用基于功能的高级表示,表示租户需求之间的共性和可变性,以促进运行时创建和重新配置其应用程序变体。我们将我们的方法与两种可选的方法在开发工作和共享程度方面进行比较。我们进一步量化了多租户支持带来的运行时开销。
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引用次数: 29
Crowd-Enabled Technical Writing Services 大众技术写作服务
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.84
M. Vukovic, V. Salapura, Sriram Rajagopal
Availability of high quality technical documentation is a critical enabler for users to fully take advantage of service capabilities, such as Cloud-based offerings where clients interact with the service via a portal and have no direct access to a service support. Technical writers are relying on the input from subject matter experts (SMEs) to create usable portal content. This disrupts service operation and reduces the productivity of the entire service offering team. While technical documentation may include contributions from a large distributed team, it often results in disconnected content with different writing styles. In this paper, we describe Scribe Crowd, a service for managing the process of composition of technical documents. Based on the principles of crowdsourcing, where a task may be outsources to many qualified agents, Scribe Crowd manages the distributed process of documentation and assigns incomplete pieces of write-up to appropriate experts. We present how Scribe Crowd has been used to engage over 120 business consultants to efficiently create content for 450 documents as part of an enterprise learning portal that serves information about banking, insurance and financial markets.
高质量技术文档的可用性对于用户充分利用服务功能至关重要,例如基于云的产品,其中客户端通过门户与服务交互,并且不能直接访问服务支持。技术作者依赖于主题专家(sme)的输入来创建可用的门户内容。这会破坏服务操作,降低整个服务提供团队的生产力。虽然技术文档可能包括来自大型分布式团队的贡献,但它经常导致具有不同写作风格的不连贯内容。在本文中,我们描述了scriscribe Crowd,一个管理技术文档撰写过程的服务。基于众包的原则,一个任务可以外包给许多合格的代理,Scribe Crowd管理文档的分布式过程,并将不完整的文章分配给适当的专家。我们介绍了如何使用Scribe Crowd与120多名商业顾问合作,为450个文档高效地创建内容,作为企业学习门户网站的一部分,该门户网站提供有关银行、保险和金融市场的信息。
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引用次数: 7
An Efficient Algorithm for Strategy-Proof Service Composition 一种有效的抗策略服务组合算法
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.100
Masahiro Tanaka, Yohei Murakami
One of the most typical models of service market is a reverse auction, where service providers offer their services at a certain price and a user selects a combination of the services. In the first price auction, however, a service which is cheaper and has better quality is not necessarily selected. This causes unstable outcomes which are undesirable both for a user and service providers. A possible solution to this is the VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves) mechanism, where the dominant strategy for a service provider is to report true cost of his service. In spite of this desirable property, implementing the VCG mechanism for service composition suffers from its computational cost. Calculation of payments to service providers based on the VCG mechanism requires iterative service selection, although each service selection can be NP- hard. Approximation algorithms cannot be applied because approximate solutions do not assure the desirable property of the VCG mechanism. Thus, we propose a dynamic programming (DP) based algorithm for service selection and VCG payment calculation. The proposed algorithm solves service selection in quasi-polynomial time and gives an exact solution. Moreover, we extend the algorithm to reuse matrix which is built during DP. This largely improves the performance of VCG payment calculation. Our experiment shows that the proposed algorithm can solve practical scale service composition.
服务市场最典型的模式之一是反向拍卖,即服务提供商以一定的价格提供服务,用户选择服务的组合。然而,在第一次价格拍卖中,并不一定选择更便宜、质量更好的服务。这会导致不稳定的结果,这对用户和服务提供者来说都是不希望看到的。一个可能的解决方案是VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves)机制,其中服务提供商的主要策略是报告其服务的真实成本。尽管有这种理想的特性,实现服务组合的VCG机制仍受到其计算成本的影响。基于VCG机制计算支付给服务提供商的费用需要迭代的服务选择,尽管每个服务选择可能是NP困难的。近似算法不能应用,因为近似解不能保证VCG机构的理想性质。因此,我们提出了一种基于动态规划(DP)的服务选择和VCG支付计算算法。该算法在拟多项式时间内解决了服务选择问题,并给出了精确解。此外,我们还对算法进行了扩展,使其可以重用在DP过程中生成的矩阵。这在很大程度上提高了VCG支付计算的性能。实验表明,该算法可以解决实际规模的服务组合问题。
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引用次数: 4
Robust Client/Server Shared State Interactions of Collaborative Process with System Crash and Network Failures 具有系统崩溃和网络故障的协作过程的健壮客户机/服务器共享状态交互
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.39
Lei Wang, A. Wombacher, L. F. Pires, M. V. Sinderen, Chihung Chi
With the possibility of system crashes and network failures, the design of robust client/server interactions for collaborative process execution is a challenge. If a business process changes state, it sends messages to relevant processes to inform about this change. However, server crashes and network failures may result in loss of messages. In this case, the state change is performed by one party, resulting in state/behavior inconsistencies and possibly deadlocks. Our basic idea to solve this problem is to cache the response (in a synchronous interaction) if the state of the process instance has changed by the request message. The possible state inconsistencies are recognized and compensated by state-caching and retrying failed interactions. By doing this work, we have learnt the possible failures caused by system crashes and network failures. Our results make it possible to build robust interactions by using cached-based process transformations.
由于系统崩溃和网络故障的可能性,为协作过程执行设计健壮的客户机/服务器交互是一项挑战。如果业务流程改变状态,它会向相关流程发送消息以通知此更改。但是,服务器崩溃和网络故障可能导致消息丢失。在这种情况下,状态更改由一方执行,导致状态/行为不一致,并可能导致死锁。我们解决这个问题的基本思路是,如果流程实例的状态被请求消息更改,则缓存响应(在同步交互中)。通过状态缓存和重试失败的交互来识别和补偿可能的状态不一致。通过这项工作,我们了解了系统崩溃和网络故障可能导致的故障。我们的结果使得通过使用基于缓存的流程转换来构建健壮的交互成为可能。
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引用次数: 10
SOA Design Patterns -- Can They Improve the Process  of Model Driven Development? SOA设计模式——它们能改进模型驱动开发的过程吗?
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.117
Roman Selmeci, Viera Rozinajová
SOA brought significant progress in information systems development, but the full exploitation of its advantages is sometimes hindered by specific problems. One of them is concerned with paradigm of Model Driven Development (MDD), where it is necessary to control correctness of the whole design within many models on different levels of abstraction. This is the place, where we would like to contribute. We propose a new approach to application of SOA design patterns in the development process. Patterns are transformed into a machine acceptable form using category theory and attributed graphs. This form is language independent, leads up to automated detection of pattern or antipattern in the description/model of SOA based system and in the future can facilitate also correctness checking.
SOA为信息系统开发带来了重大的进步,但是它的优势的充分利用有时受到特定问题的阻碍。其中之一与模型驱动开发(MDD)的范例有关,在该范例中,有必要在不同抽象层次的许多模型中控制整个设计的正确性。这就是我们想要贡献的地方。我们提出了一种在开发过程中应用SOA设计模式的新方法。使用范畴论和属性图将模式转换为机器可接受的形式。这种形式是独立于语言的,可以在基于SOA的系统的描述/模型中自动检测模式或反模式,并且将来还可以促进正确性检查。
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引用次数: 0
Spectral Graph Approach for Process Model Matchmaking 过程模型匹配的谱图方法
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.27
Y. Belhoul, Mohammed Haddad, A. Gater, Daniela Grigori, H. Kheddouci, M. Bouzeghoub
In this paper, we propose a novel approach for graph based web service matching. Our approach is inspired by spectral graph matching methods, in particular, by eigen-based projections. We introduce new mechanisms to perform the matchmaking at both structural and semantic levels. These mechanisms are based on algebraic graph techniques that make them run fast and thus suitable for large scale web service matching problems. Experimentation is provided to show the performance of the proposed approach.
本文提出了一种新的基于图的web服务匹配方法。我们的方法受到谱图匹配方法的启发,特别是基于特征的投影。我们引入了新的机制来执行结构和语义层面的匹配。这些机制基于代数图技术,使它们运行速度很快,因此适合于大规模的web服务匹配问题。实验证明了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
Toward a Flexible Bidding Strategy with Preference Analysis 基于偏好分析的柔性竞价策略研究
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.20
N. Zhou, Wesley M. Gifford, K. Ratakonda
Today, the majority of solution development is completed under a fixed-price contract. Due to the inherent uncertainty of executing a project with many unpredictable factors, the solution developer bears significant risk in terms of cost, delivery time and quality. Compared to a variable-price (time-and-materials) contract, a fixed-price contract shifts most of the development risk from clients to developers. Therefore, it is important for developers to understand the level of risk inherent in a project and take the proper steps to mitigate risks. From the analysis of custom application development projects using service-oriented architecture methods, we observe that extension of the project duration utilizing a smaller development team can help to reduce the project effort (working hours) and therefore reduce the development cost. We characterize the relationship between deterioration in team performance and the increase in project team size through multivariate regression. We also provide a method to adjust the results of standard project estimation methods to take into account client-side risks. We then propose simple client and developer utility functions to quantify these trade-offs. This serves as an initial framework to identify choices that can be made during the bidding process to reduce development risks.
今天,大多数解决方案开发是在固定价格合同下完成的。由于执行带有许多不可预测因素的项目的固有不确定性,解决方案开发人员在成本、交付时间和质量方面承担着重大风险。与可变价格(时间和材料)合同相比,固定价格合同将大部分开发风险从客户转移到开发人员身上。因此,对于开发人员来说,了解项目中固有的风险级别并采取适当的步骤来降低风险是很重要的。通过对使用面向服务的体系结构方法的定制应用程序开发项目的分析,我们观察到,利用较小的开发团队来延长项目持续时间可以帮助减少项目工作量(工作时间),从而降低开发成本。我们通过多元回归描述了团队绩效恶化与项目团队规模增加之间的关系。我们还提供了一种方法来调整标准项目评估方法的结果,以考虑客户端的风险。然后,我们提出简单的客户端和开发人员实用程序函数来量化这些权衡。这是一个初步框架,用于确定在招标过程中可以做出的选择,以减少开发风险。
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引用次数: 1
Data Decomposition Based Partial Replication Model for Software Services 基于数据分解的软件服务部分复制模型
Pub Date : 2013-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/SCC.2013.83
Shuo Chen, Chi-Hung Chi, Chen Ding, R. Wong
Nowadays many software services are hosted in the Cloud. When there are more requests on these services, there are also more queries sent to the underlying database. In order to keep up with the increasing workload, it is necessary to have multiple servers hosting the data. Some cloud providers offer the full data replication solution. However, this solution only works when the load mainly consists of the read requests, and when the number of write requests increases, it does not scale well. Although data decomposition has been widely used in data-intensive web sites, not much study has been done on how to decompose the underlying data of software services for the purpose of data replication. In this paper, we propose a data-decomposition-based partial replication model for software services. We devise an automatic algorithm for data decomposition under the constraint of the capacity limit of the host machines. We evaluate our approach from two aspects: scalability and performance, using two benchmarks: RUBiS and TPC-W. In the experiment, we test the algorithm using different workload inputs, and also compare our approach with the full data replication approach.
如今,许多软件服务托管在云中。当在这些服务上有更多的请求时,也会有更多的查询发送到底层数据库。为了跟上不断增加的工作负载,有必要使用多个服务器来托管数据。一些云提供商提供完整的数据复制解决方案。但是,这种解决方案只适用于负载主要由读请求组成的情况,而当写请求数量增加时,它的可伸缩性就不好了。虽然数据分解在数据密集型网站中得到了广泛的应用,但是对于如何分解软件服务的底层数据以实现数据复制的研究还不多。本文提出了一种基于数据分解的软件服务部分复制模型。在主机容量限制的约束下,设计了一种数据自动分解算法。我们从两个方面评估我们的方法:可伸缩性和性能,使用两个基准:RUBiS和TPC-W。在实验中,我们使用不同的工作负载输入来测试算法,并将我们的方法与完整的数据复制方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2013 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing
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