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CycleGAN Based Data Augmentation For Melanoma images Classification 基于CycleGAN的黑色素瘤图像分类数据增强
Yixin Chen, Yifan Zhu, Yanfeng Chang
It is widely-known that melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancers with a very high mortality rate, while it is curable with early identification. Therefore, early detection of melanoma is extremely necessary for the treatment of this disease. In recent decades, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many different visual classification tasks, so they have also been employed in melanoma recognition tasks. Due to the complexity of the deep learning model and huge numbers of parameters, a large amount of labelled data is required to achieve a better training performance. However, in practical settings, it is difficult for many applications to obtain enough labelled sample data. This paper explore to solve this problems based on data augmentation strategy. In the experiment conducted in our paper, the training data is augmented through CycleGAN-based approaches to generate more training samples with detailed information, and then the CNN model can be trained using the artificially enlarged dataset. The experimental results show that the combination of CycleGAN data augmentation method and EfficientNet B1 can effectively saves the cost of manual annotation, while dramatically improves classification accuracy.
众所周知,黑色素瘤是最致命的皮肤癌之一,死亡率非常高,但早期发现是可以治愈的。因此,早期发现黑色素瘤对于治疗这种疾病是非常必要的。近几十年来,卷积神经网络(CNN)在许多不同的视觉分类任务中取得了最先进的性能,因此它们也被用于黑色素瘤识别任务。由于深度学习模型的复杂性和大量的参数,需要大量的标记数据才能达到更好的训练效果。然而,在实际设置中,许多应用程序很难获得足够的标记样本数据。本文探讨了基于数据增强策略来解决这一问题。在本文的实验中,通过基于cyclegan的方法对训练数据进行扩充,生成更多具有详细信息的训练样本,然后利用人工放大的数据集对CNN模型进行训练。实验结果表明,CycleGAN数据增强方法与EfficientNet B1相结合,可以有效节省人工标注的成本,同时显著提高分类准确率。
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引用次数: 5
Real-time Efficient Facial Landmark Detection Algorithms 实时高效的人脸地标检测算法
Hanying Xiong, Tongwei Lu, Hongzhi Zhang
Lightweight models, high accuracy and real-time performance are essential for facial landmark detection algorithms. Considering these three aspects, this paper proposes a real-time and efficient face landmark algorithm. First, mobilenetV2 is used as the backbone network. Next, the traditional convolution operation is replaced with deeply separable convolution, and the shallow and deep feature maps are merged to enhance the context connection. Then multi-scale fusion output is used in the output layer to enhance the detection efficiency of small-sized faces. Finally, the Euler angle weights are introduced into the loss function, and the 14 key points in the average face model are compared with the predicted key points. During the training process, this paper proposes rotated the 300W and AFLW datasets in multi-angle to occlude the dataset and enhance the generalization ability of the model. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper can achieve real-time and efficient facial landmark detection.
轻量级模型、高精度和实时性是人脸标记检测算法的关键。考虑到这三个方面,本文提出了一种实时、高效的人脸地标算法。首先,使用mobilenetV2作为骨干网。其次,将传统的卷积操作替换为深度可分卷积,并将浅特征映射和深特征映射合并以增强上下文连接。然后在输出层采用多尺度融合输出,提高小尺寸人脸的检测效率。最后,在损失函数中引入欧拉角权重,并将平均人脸模型中的14个关键点与预测关键点进行比较。在训练过程中,本文提出对300W和AFLW数据集进行多角度旋转,遮挡数据集,增强模型的泛化能力。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法能够实现实时、高效的人脸特征检测。
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引用次数: 1
Ensembling Learning Based Melanoma Classification Using Gradient Boosting Decision Trees 基于集成学习的基于梯度增强决策树的黑色素瘤分类
Yipeng Han, Xiaolu Zheng
Melanoma has been regarded as one of the fatal skin cancer diseases all around the world. Early detection on melanoma can be quite helpful in the clinical treatment, to prevent the deterioration of the deadly diseases. Handcrafted-feature extraction and shallow architecture-based classifier (such as k-nearest neighbors algorithm, random forest, support vector machine) worked as the basis of the previous attempts in detecting process. During the recent years, the new approach named deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was used for the detecting task. Although the persistent progress and efforts have been achieved, the classification methods desire to go a further step in pursuing further improvement on its performance. The goal of this paper is to improve the detection performance using an ensemble learning framework. Both the personal information (such as the age, gender information of the patients) and latest deep learning approaches are applied in this paper. The two approaches have provided the mutual complements for each other, which demonstrated enormous advantages for the ensemble learning framework in detecting task. We conducted extensive experiments that provide a large dataset for detecting melanoma, which illustrates that our ensemble learning can provide superior performance with high accuracy.
黑色素瘤是世界范围内公认的致死性皮肤癌之一。早期发现黑色素瘤对临床治疗有很大帮助,可以防止致命疾病的恶化。手工特征提取和基于浅结构的分类器(如k近邻算法、随机森林、支持向量机)作为检测过程的基础。近年来,一种名为深度卷积神经网络(CNN)的新方法被用于检测任务。虽然已经取得了持续的进步和努力,但分类方法希望在进一步改进其性能方面再走一步。本文的目标是使用集成学习框架来提高检测性能。本文采用了患者的个人信息(如患者的年龄、性别信息)和最新的深度学习方法。这两种方法相互补充,显示了集成学习框架在检测任务方面的巨大优势。我们进行了大量的实验,为检测黑色素瘤提供了大量的数据集,这表明我们的集成学习可以提供高精度的卓越性能。
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引用次数: 2
Annotating Documents using Active Learning Methods for a Maintenance Analysis Application 使用主动学习方法为维护分析应用程序注释文档
James Pope, Mark G. Terwilliger, J. A. Connell, Gabriel Talley, Nicholas Blozik, David Taylor
The aircraft cargo industry still maintains vast amounts of the maintenance history of aircraft components in electronic (i.e. scanned) but unsearchable images. For a given supplier, there can be hundreds of thousands of image documents only some of which contain useful information. Using supervised machine learning techniques has been shown to be effective in recognising these documents for further information extraction. A well known deficiency of supervised learning approaches is that annotating sufficient documents to create an effective model requires valuable human effort. This paper first shows how to obtain a representative sample from a supplier's corpus. Given this sample of unlabelled documents an active learning approach is used to select which documents to annotate first using a normalised certainty measure derived from a soft classifier's prediction distribution. Finally the accuracy of various selection approaches using this certainty measure are compared along each iteration of the active learning cycle. The experiments show that a greedy selection method using the uncertainty measure can significantly reduce the number of annotations required for a certain accuracy. The results provide valuable information for users and more generally illustrate an effective deployment of a machine learning application.
航空货运业仍然以电子(即扫描)但无法检索的图像保存大量飞机部件的维修历史。对于给定的供应商,可能有成千上万的图像文档,其中只有一些包含有用的信息。使用监督机器学习技术已被证明在识别这些文档以进一步提取信息方面是有效的。监督学习方法的一个众所周知的缺陷是,注释足够的文档以创建有效的模型需要宝贵的人力。本文首先展示了如何从供应商的语料库中获得具有代表性的样本。给定此未标记文档样本,使用主动学习方法来选择首先注释哪些文档,使用源自软分类器预测分布的归一化确定性度量。最后,在主动学习周期的每次迭代中,比较了使用这种确定性度量的各种选择方法的准确性。实验表明,利用不确定性度量的贪婪选择方法可以显著减少达到一定精度所需的注释数量。结果为用户提供了有价值的信息,并且更普遍地说明了机器学习应用程序的有效部署。
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引用次数: 0
Vision-based 2D Vibration Displacement Measurement of Hoisting Vertical Rope in Mine Hoist 基于视觉的矿井提升垂直钢丝绳二维振动位移测量
Ganggang Wu, Xingming Xiao, Chi Ma
In this paper, a non-contact, unmarked computer vision measurement method is presented and applied to measure the two-dimensional (2D) vibration displacement of hoisting vertical ropes. In this method, the primary work is to perform camera calibration of monocular vision using a neural network (NN) model. Then, in the image sequence, a straight line perpendicular to the hoisting rope is added by digital image processing (DIP) method, and their intersection region is regarded as the measuring target. Digital image correlation (DIC) algorithm at sub-pixel level is applied to locate the measuring target in image sequence. This method is used to measure the vibration displacement of an actual hoisting rope in mine, and the measurement results of three targets on the rope are consistent with tiny amplitude differences, which indicates that this method is feasible for the vibration measurement of hoisting vertical rope.
本文提出了一种非接触式、无标记的计算机视觉测量方法,并将其应用于提升垂直绳索的二维振动位移测量。在该方法中,主要工作是使用神经网络(NN)模型进行单目视觉的相机标定。然后,通过数字图像处理(DIP)方法在图像序列中加入一条垂直于提升绳的直线,并将其相交区域作为测量目标。采用亚像素级数字图像相关(DIC)算法在图像序列中定位测量目标。将该方法用于矿井实际提升绳的振动位移测量,绳上三个目标的测量结果一致,且振幅相差很小,表明该方法对于提升垂直绳的振动测量是可行的。
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引用次数: 1
A Novel Color Multi-Secret Visual Cryptography Scheme 一种新的彩色多秘密视觉密码方案
Rui Sun, Zhengxin Fu, Bin Yu, Hangying Huang
In this paper a color multi-secret visual cryptography scheme specifically for (3, 4, 5) access structure is proposed with random colors and XOR operation being leveraged to generate the sharing images. The recovery images with size invariant are obtained by the XOR operation of specific combination of shares. In order to achieve ideal perceptual quality, we present the optimization algorithm with which the visual quality of recovery images is improved significantly without sacrificing computation complexity. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
本文提出了一种针对(3,4,5)访问结构的彩色多秘密视觉加密方案,利用随机颜色和异或运算生成共享图像。通过特定份额组合的异或运算,获得大小不变的恢复图像。为了获得理想的感知质量,我们提出了在不牺牲计算复杂度的前提下显著提高恢复图像视觉质量的优化算法。实验结果证明了该方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Deep Hashing Network Based on Split Channels for Hybrid-Source Remote Sensing Image Retrieval 基于分割通道的深度哈希网络混合源遥感图像检索
Salayidin Sirajidin, H. Huo, T. Fang
Traditional remote sensing image retrieval (RSIR) methods are generally based on images from a specific single source. As different sources and huge volumes of remote sensing images have been easily available nowadays, RSIR is facing the challenge of retrieving remote sensing images with different spectral and spatial information from different sources. Benefited from compelling image feature extraction ability of deep neural networks and efficient computing power and effective retrieval ability of hashing, deep hashing networks has become prevalent for image retrieval researches. In this paper, a deep hashing network based on split channels is proposed for hybrid source RSIR called split-channels triplet deep hashing networks(SCTDHNs). It takes skillfully splitting channels as input, and is mainly composed of a hybrid source deep hashing subnetwork for cross source images retrieval and single-source deep hashing sub-network for a multi-spectral image retrieval, and each of them achieves high retrieval performance. Furthermore, a novel trick for loss function is proposed, called increased intervals between dissimilar pairs during training stage that dramatically improves the retrieval performance. Extensive experiments implement on dual-source remote sensing data set demonstrate that proposed method yields better performance than existing state-of-art hybrid source retrieval methods as far as is known.
传统的遥感图像检索(RSIR)方法通常是基于特定单一来源的图像。随着遥感影像来源的多样化和海量化,RSIR面临着从不同来源获取具有不同光谱和空间信息的遥感影像的挑战。得益于深度神经网络强大的图像特征提取能力,以及哈希算法高效的计算能力和有效的检索能力,深度哈希网络在图像检索研究中已成为主流。本文提出了一种基于分裂通道的混合源RSIR深度哈希网络,称为分裂通道三重深度哈希网络(sctdhs)。该算法以巧妙分割信道为输入,主要由用于跨源图像检索的混合源深度哈希子网和用于多光谱图像检索的单源深度哈希子网组成,每个子网都具有较高的检索性能。此外,本文还提出了一种新的损失函数技巧,即在训练阶段增加不相似对之间的间隔,极大地提高了检索性能。在双源遥感数据集上进行的大量实验表明,该方法比目前已知的混合源检索方法具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Method for Extracting Subtle Tremor Signal from Human Body 一种提取人体细微震颤信号的新方法
Weiping Liu, Zhiyang Lin, Guannan Chen
Some common diseases (such as Parkinson's disease, stroke and epilepsy) could cause spontaneous tremors in patients, and doctors could make a preliminary diagnosis based on these tremor in different parts of the patient's body. In order to be more accurate to automatically obtain the tremor signal, we proposed a Novel method for extracting subtle tremor signal from human body. The scope of traditional video tremor extraction usually contained the whole video. In order to extract tremor signals of different body parts of patients separately, we adopted OpenPose to automatically divide different body parts, so as to obtain more detailed video of body parts. Due to some patients' tremor was not obvious, so we used Eulerian video magnification method to amplify the non-obvious tremor and then extracted the tremor signal from the amplified video. To obtain a better tremor signal, we used Butterworth band-pass filter to remove the noise from the initial signal. The experimental results showed that our method can automatically obtain the tremor signal of different body parts of the patient, and the tremor signal was relatively accurate.
一些常见疾病(如帕金森氏症、中风和癫痫)可能会导致患者自发震颤,医生可以根据患者身体不同部位的这些震颤做出初步诊断。为了更准确地自动获取震颤信号,提出了一种提取人体细微震颤信号的新方法。传统视频震颤提取的范围通常包含整个视频。为了分别提取患者不同身体部位的震颤信号,我们采用OpenPose对不同身体部位进行自动分割,从而获得更详细的身体部位视频。由于部分患者震颤不明显,我们采用欧拉视频放大法对不明显震颤进行放大,然后从放大后的视频中提取震颤信号。为了获得更好的震颤信号,我们使用巴特沃斯带通滤波器去除初始信号中的噪声。实验结果表明,我们的方法可以自动获取患者不同身体部位的震颤信号,并且震颤信号比较准确。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Differentiation Between Legitimate and Fake News Using Named Entity Recognition 使用命名实体识别技术自动区分真假新闻
Bo Xu, C. Tsai
Today, the increasing ease of publishing information online combined with a gradual shift of paradigm from consuming news via conventional media to non-conventional media calls for a computational and automatic approach to the identification of an article's legitimacy. In this study, we propose an approach for cross-domain fake news detection focusing on the identification of legitimate content from a pool of articles that are of varying degrees of legitimacy. We present a model as a proof of concept as well as data gathered from evaluating the model on Fake-News AMT, a dataset released for cross-domain fake news detection. The results of our model are then compared against a baseline model which has served as the benchmark for the dataset. We find all results in support of our hypothesis. Our proof-of-concept model has also outperformed the benchmark in the domains Technology and Entertainment as well as when it was run on the whole dataset at once.
今天,在线发布信息越来越容易,再加上从传统媒体到非传统媒体消费新闻的范式逐渐转变,需要一种计算和自动的方法来识别文章的合法性。在本研究中,我们提出了一种跨域假新闻检测方法,专注于从具有不同程度合法性的文章池中识别合法内容。我们提出了一个模型作为概念的证明,以及在fake - news AMT(一个用于跨域假新闻检测的数据集)上评估该模型所收集的数据。然后将我们模型的结果与作为数据集基准的基线模型进行比较。我们发现所有的结果都支持我们的假设。我们的概念验证模型在技术和娱乐领域以及在整个数据集上同时运行时也优于基准测试。
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引用次数: 1
Dual-Precision Deep Neural Network 双精度深度神经网络
J. Park, J. Choi, J. Ko
On-line Precision scalability of the deep neural networks(DNNs) is a critical feature to support accuracy and complexity trade-off during the DNN inference. In this paper, we propose dual-precision DNN that includes two different precision modes in a single model, thereby supporting an on-line precision switch without re-training. The proposed two-phase training process optimizes both low- and high-precision modes.
深度神经网络(DNN)的在线精度可扩展性是支持深度神经网络推理过程中准确性和复杂性权衡的关键特征。在本文中,我们提出了双精度深度神经网络,在单个模型中包含两种不同的精度模式,从而支持在线精度切换而无需重新训练。提出的两阶段训练过程对低精度和高精度模式都进行了优化。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2020 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition
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