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Wear of Dry Sliding Al 6061-T6 Alloy Under Different Loading Conditions 不同载荷条件下干式滑动Al 6061-T6合金的磨损
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.2022010106
Srinivasula Reddy I., Vadivuchezhian Kaliveeran
In the present work, wear of Al 6061-T6 alloy under different normal loads, sliding speeds and temperatures was investigated. Pin on disk type tribometer was used to conduct dry sliding experiments. Different load combinations comprising of normal loads (1 kg, 1.5 kg and 2 kg), sliding speeds (1.25 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s) and temperatures (room temperature (31 ± 1 °C), 60 °C, 100 °C and 150 °C) were applied during dry sliding experiments. Adhesive and abrasive wear mechanisms were observed in dry sliding of Al 6061-T6 alloy contacts from the microscopic analysis of worn contact surfaces. The wear rate was more influenced by increase in normal load than increase in sliding speed and temperature. Under normal loads of 1 kg and 1.5 kg, Al 6061-T6 alloy showed better wear resistance at higher temperatures when compared to that at room temperature.
研究了铝6061-T6合金在不同法向载荷、滑动速度和温度下的磨损。采用销盘式摩擦计进行了干滑动实验。在干滑动实验中,施加了不同的载荷组合,包括正常载荷(1 kg、1.5 kg和2 kg)、滑动速度(1.25 m/s、2 m/s和3 m/s)和温度(室温(31±1°C)、60°C、100°C和150°C)。从磨损接触表面的微观分析中观察到Al 6061-T6合金接触件在干滑动中的粘着磨损和研磨磨损机制。与滑动速度和温度的增加相比,正常载荷的增加对磨损率的影响更大。在1kg和1.5kg的正常载荷下,与室温下相比,Al 6061-T6合金在更高的温度下表现出更好的耐磨性。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of the Textured Surface on the Structural Behavior of a Plain Bearing-Comparison Between Aerodynamic and Hydrodynamic Bearing 纹理表面对滑动轴承结构性能的影响气动轴承和动压轴承的比较
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.302237
An elastohydrodynamic model is applied in this work to study the influence of surface texturing on the structural performance of a coated aerodynamic plain bearing and a coated hydrodynamic plain bearing. Shaft rotational speed and radial load are digitally optimized to improve plain bearing performance, such as pressure, bearing inner face displacement and shear stresses. Results are presented for different operating conditions. This research is carried out in order to predict the elastic behavior of a coated hydrodynamic plain bearing as well as a coated aerodynamic plain bearing at textured surface compared at a non-textured surface, operating at very high speeds. This study is a numerical investigation using a CFD code, by solving the Navier-Stokes equations of motion by the finite volume method and the displacement equations using the finite element method.
本文采用弹性流体力学模型研究了表面纹理化对涂覆气动滑动轴承和涂覆流体动力滑动轴承结构性能的影响。轴转速和径向载荷进行了数字优化,以提高滑动轴承的性能,如压力、轴承内表面位移和剪应力。给出了不同操作条件下的结果。本研究是为了预测涂层流体动力滑动轴承和涂层气动滑动轴承在纹理表面上的弹性行为,与在非纹理表面上的弹性行为进行比较,在非常高的速度下运行。本研究采用CFD程序,采用有限体积法求解Navier-Stokes运动方程,采用有限元法求解位移方程。
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引用次数: 0
Flattening Cylindrical Contact Analysis of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) Nanocomposite 单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)纳米复合材料的展平圆柱接触分析
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.313629
Rakesh Bhadra, Tamonash Jana, A. Mitra, P. Sahoo
The present study examines the effects of changes in single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) volume % in an Al reinforced nanocomposite under loading and unloading in a cylindrical flattening contact. Flattening action is provided by a rigid flat, which moves downward and upward to simulate the loading and unloading stages, respectively. The cylinder is modelled as a 2D quarter-circle, which consists of the embedded CNTs. Volume % of the nanotubes is varied by changing the wall thickness and number of CNTs, while the overall radius is kept fixed. Finite element model to perform a plane stress quasi-static analysis is created using ANSYS. The simulated results are compared with results from published studies to satisfactorily validate it. Various parameters, in the contact zone and in the vicinity of the CNTs, are presented as results. It is found that above a certain CNT thickness, higher volume percentage of CNTs result in higher contact force as well as contact area. Additionally, more matrix material in the asperity is found to yield plastically for higher volume percentage of CNTs.
本研究考察了Al增强纳米复合材料中单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)体积%在圆柱压扁接触加载和卸载下的影响。压平作用由刚性平面提供,其向下和向上移动分别模拟加载和卸载阶段。圆柱体的模型为二维四分之一圆,由嵌入的碳纳米管组成。纳米管的体积%通过改变壁厚和碳纳米管的数量而变化,而总半径保持固定。利用ANSYS建立了平面应力准静力分析的有限元模型。模拟结果与已发表的研究结果进行了比较,结果令人满意。结果显示了接触区和碳纳米管附近的各种参数。研究发现,在一定碳纳米管厚度以上,碳纳米管体积百分比越大,接触力越大,接触面积越大。此外,更多的基体材料在高体积百分比的CNTs下塑性屈服。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Load and Speed on Tribological Performance of A390 and A515 Alloys in Dry Sliding Behavior A Comparative Study 载荷和转速对A390和A515合金干滑动摩擦学性能影响的比较研究
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.310513
B. Lal, Abhijit Dey
In this study, tribological characteristics and wear debris morphology of A390 and A515 alloys are evaluated and compared. Components with a high wear resistance slide are typically made with alloys are A390 and A515, while components with high hardness requirements are usually made up with SS410. Those alloys were used in brake pads, and SS410 steel is used for the brake disc. Speed and pad force are the two factors that affect tribological characteristics such as friction coefficient and wear rate. Wear debris and wear track were examined by scanning election microscopy and optical microscope, respectively. The effect of sliding speed variations on wear and friction coefficient at various load conditions was also evaluated, and a comparative analysis was reported based on wear rates, coefficient of friction, and debris morphology for both materials. The A515 alloys shows higher friction coefficient under all the process conditions except at very low loads and high speeds due to increased superficial hardness and the composition of the case layer (oxygen-diffused/oxide formed).
本研究对A390和A515合金的摩擦学特性和磨屑形态进行了评价和比较。具有高耐磨滑片的部件通常由A390和A515合金制成,而具有高硬度要求的部件通常用SS410制成。这些合金用于制动片,SS410钢用于制动盘。速度和衬垫力是影响摩擦系数和磨损率等摩擦学特性的两个因素。分别用扫描电镜和光学显微镜对磨屑和磨损轨迹进行了检测。还评估了滑动速度变化对不同载荷条件下磨损和摩擦系数的影响,并根据两种材料的磨损率、摩擦系数和碎屑形态进行了比较分析。A515合金在所有工艺条件下都表现出更高的摩擦系数,除了在非常低的负载和高速下,这是由于增加了表面硬度和表层的组成(氧扩散/形成氧化物)。
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引用次数: 0
SELECTION OF OPTIMUM HYBRID COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS THROUGH TOPSIS TECHNIQUE 利用topsis技术选择结构应用的最佳杂化复合材料
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.298706
Currently Aluminum alloys and polymer based fibre composites are being used for various structural applications. It is always an advantageous to have light weight high strength materials. In this context, hybrid nanocomposites are fabricated and tested for their mechanical properties to meet various applications. Due to the conflicting nature of the mechanical properties, a multi criteria decision model employing AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), Entropy, and TOPSIS techniques were developed with the goal of selecting an appropriate material to meet the objective out of various material combinations. A framework has been developed to assist composite structure designers in selecting the best fibre types for a given application. The purpose of this paper is to first investigate the impact of weighting methods in multiple criteria decision making (MCDM), and then to develop a systematic framework for optimum fibre selection among all fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites.
目前,铝合金和聚合物基纤维复合材料正被用于各种结构应用。具有重量轻的高强度材料总是有利的。在这种情况下,制备并测试了杂化纳米复合材料的机械性能,以满足各种应用。由于力学性能的冲突性,采用AHP(层次分析法)、熵和TOPSIS技术开发了一个多准则决策模型,目的是从各种材料组合中选择合适的材料来满足目标。已经开发了一个框架来帮助复合材料结构设计师为给定的应用选择最佳的纤维类型。本文的目的是首先研究加权方法在多准则决策(MCDM)中的影响,然后开发一个在所有纤维增强聚合物(FRP)复合材料中优化纤维选择的系统框架。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of Heat Treatment on Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of Brass 热处理对黄铜力学和摩擦学性能的影响
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.313661
Supriya Bakshi, M. Saha, S. Mandal, P. Biswas, Sandip Ghosh
The present experimental analysis has been carried out to compare the changes in the tribological and mechanical properties of brass samples with and without heat treatment. Four Cu-Zn alloy samples are heated in various temperature ranges between 350°C to 800°C. Changes in hardness of all samples are recorded to observe the effect of temperature and time duration. Wear tests are performed in both dry and lubricated conditions. Wear loss and coefficient of friction of samples were measured at loads 20 N, 30 N, 40 N, and 50 N and at rotating disc speeds of 120 rpm, 140 rpm, 160 rpm, and 180 rpm at fixed track diameter for 8 minutes. Better tribological performance was found in the lubricating condition within the entire range of tests carried out. Minimum wear rate was observed for the samples heat treated at 650°C. The wear behavior is also investigated for both kind of samples. Deep grooving and micro ploughing phenomena are observed for non-heat-treated specimens. In the heat-treated state, the plasticity formation is more prominent.
本实验分析是为了比较黄铜样品在热处理和不热处理的情况下摩擦学和力学性能的变化。四个Cu-Zn合金样品在350°C至800°C的不同温度范围内加热。记录所有样品的硬度变化,以观察温度和持续时间的影响。磨损试验在干燥和润滑条件下进行。在20N、30N、40N和50N的载荷下,以及在120rpm、140rpm、160rpm和180rpm的转盘速度下,在固定轨道直径下测量样品的磨损损失和摩擦系数8分钟。在所进行的整个试验范围内,在润滑条件下发现了更好的摩擦学性能。观察到在650°C下热处理的样品的最小磨损率。还研究了这两种样品的磨损行为。对于未经热处理的试样,观察到了深槽和微犁现象。在热处理状态下,塑性形成更加突出。
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引用次数: 0
WEAR AND FRICTION EFFECTS ON ENGINE MATERIALS OF N-BUTANOL IN ULTRA LOW SULFUR DIESEL MIXTURES 超低硫柴油混合物中正丁醇对发动机材料的磨损和摩擦影响
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.298707
The lack of the sulfur beneficial lubricity in ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) may lead to premature wear and failure of diesel-fuel systems. Mixing of small percentages of, for instance, biodiesels and other biofuels is typically used to add lubricity in ULSD. N-butanol has been recently proved to mix in or replace diesel without compromising engine combustion performance. But anti-wear properties of mixing N-Butanol in ULSD have not previously been studied. This paper presents a tribology study on the effects of N-Butanol in ULSD in a steel-on steel sliding contact. The research work employed a pin on disk tribometer for friction-force data acquisition, and wear was measured by specimen weight-change. The wear results and the friction force evolution observed in tests indicate that the dilutions of ULSD with N-Butanol can lead to a reduction of wear and that there is an optimum rate of dilution, of around 25% of N-Butanol in ULSD, that minimizes wear and increases the mixture lubricity as compared to those of both pure ULSD and pure N-Butanol.
超低硫柴油缺乏硫有益润滑,可能导致柴油系统过早磨损和失效。例如,混合少量生物柴油和其他生物燃料通常用于增加ULSD的润滑性。正丁醇最近被证明可以混入或替代柴油而不影响发动机的燃烧性能。但在ULSD中掺入正丁醇的抗磨性能研究尚未见报道。本文从摩擦学角度研究了钢中正丁醇对钢滑动接触的影响。研究工作采用针盘式摩擦计进行摩擦力数据采集,通过试样重量变化测量磨损量。试验中观察到的磨损结果和摩擦力演变表明,用正丁醇稀释ULSD可以减少磨损,并且与纯ULSD和纯正丁醇相比,ULSD中正丁醇的最佳稀释率约为25%,可以最大限度地减少磨损并增加混合物的润滑性。
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引用次数: 0
Electroless Nickel Phosphorus Coatings to Mitigate the Corrosion of Construction Steel 化学镀镍磷涂层减轻建筑钢腐蚀
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.311415
Arkadeb Mukhopadhyay, S. Sahoo
Reinforced concrete is widely used in structures and construction, but its durability is limited due to corrosion of the embedded steel rebars. Thus, mitigation of corrosion of construction steel rebars is an important area of research. The present work reports the ability of electroless nickel phosphorus coating for corrosion protection of Fe-600-grade steel rebars used for construction purposes in chloride and sulphate environment. The coating deposited on Fe-600 rebar was Ni-P and was subjected to electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaCl and 0.5M H2SO4. Severe corrosion pitting and cracking were observed for the uncoated rebar while Ni-P coating showed nobler corrosion potential and low corrosion current density in the corrosive environments.
钢筋混凝土广泛应用于结构和施工中,但由于预埋钢筋的腐蚀,其耐久性受到限制。因此,减轻建筑钢筋的腐蚀是一个重要的研究领域。本文报道了化学镀镍磷涂层在氯化物和硫酸盐环境中对建筑用Fe-600级钢筋的防腐性能。沉积在Fe-600钢筋上的涂层为Ni-P,并在3.5%NaCl和0.5M H2SO4中进行电化学测试。未涂覆的钢筋出现了严重的点蚀和裂纹,而Ni-P涂层在腐蚀环境中表现出较高的腐蚀电位和较低的腐蚀电流密度。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic Performance Improvement of Journal Bearing by using Dimple and Protruded Textured Surfaces 利用凹凸纹理表面改善径向滑动轴承的动态性能
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.295093
In the present numerical study, the effect of V-shape textures on the dynamic performance characteristic of hydrodynamic journal bearing is obtained by using fluid flow governing Reynold’s equation which has been solved with finite element method (FEM) by assuming that the fluid is Newtonian and iso-viscous in nature. Four different cases of texture depths/heights and distributions have been selected to compute the dynamic performance parameters (non-dimensional damping, stiffness and threshold frequency) and compared with un-textured hydrodynamic bearing. From simulated results, the maximum value of direct stiffness and damping coefficient for protruded textured bearing is found at full textured bearing and second half textured region as compared to dimple and un-textured bearing respectively. The value of threshold speed is maximum for fully textured region at higher value texture depth and eccentricity ratio for dimple textured bearing. Similarly its value is higher at higher texture height operating at lower eccentricity ratio for protruded bearings.
在本数值研究中,假设流体本质上是牛顿和等粘性的,利用有限元法求解的流体流动控制雷诺方程,获得了V形织构对动压径向滑动轴承动态性能特性的影响。选择了四种不同的纹理深度/高度和分布情况来计算动态性能参数(无量纲阻尼、刚度和阈值频率),并与无纹理流体动力轴承进行了比较。从模拟结果来看,与凹坑轴承和非织构轴承相比,凸起织构轴承的直接刚度和阻尼系数分别在全织构轴承和后半织构区域最大。在较高值的织构深度和凹坑织构轴承的偏心率下,完全织构区域的阈值速度值最大。类似地,对于突出轴承,在较低偏心率下运行时,其值在较高的纹理高度下较高。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Mechanical and Wear Behaviour of AA7075/TaC/Si3N4/Ti Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites AA7075/TaC/Si3N4/Ti复合金属基复合材料的力学和磨损性能研究
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.2022010105
J. Kumar, D. Smart
This research article focuses on the development of AA7075 alloy reinforced with different wt% of Tantalum Carbide (TaC), Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) and Titanium (Ti) particulates using stir casting. Mechanical characteristics like tensile, compression and microhardness of the developed composites were analysed. High temperature tribological properties of the hybrid MMCs were studied for various input control factors like sliding speed, load and temperature. Design analysis has been executed by Taguchi orthogonal array and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). The incorporated reinforcements exhibited improved wear resistance at ambient temperature along with elevated temperatures. Monolithic dissemination of reinforcement’s in the prepared composites magnifies the mechanical and tribological characteristics for composites compared to matrix material. From the optimization technique, it was witnessed that Wear Rate and Frictional Coefficient are afflicted by temperature go after load & sliding speed. The optimal amalgamation of control parameters of distinct tribo-responses has been detected.
本文重点研究了采用搅拌铸造的方法,用不同重量%的碳化钽(TaC)、氮化硅(Si3N4)和钛(Ti)颗粒增强AA7075合金。分析了所制备的复合材料的拉伸、压缩和显微硬度等力学性能。研究了在滑动速度、载荷和温度等不同输入控制因素作用下,混合MMCs的高温摩擦学性能。设计分析采用田口正交阵和方差分析法进行。掺入的增强材料在环境温度和升高的温度下表现出改进的耐磨性。与基体材料相比,增强材料在制备的复合材料中的整体分布增强了复合材料的机械和摩擦学特性。从优化技术中可以看出,磨损率和摩擦系数受温度、载荷和滑动速度的影响。已经检测到不同摩擦响应的控制参数的最佳融合。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science
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