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Investigation on corrosion protection systems and wear problems for a ship unloader 卸船机防腐蚀系统及磨损问题的研究
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.302236
In the harbour of Port Louis, a wheat ship unloader was facing serious corrosion problems due to the severe marine environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose an effective corrosion protection system for the wheat ship unloader. In addition, wear was observed in its conveyor system. Solutions were proposed to reduce this. Different coating systems were selected, based on ISO 12944-5, including the coating presently being used on the equipment. Outdoor atmospheric exposures and lab tests were performed. The latter consisted of immersion test, water vapour transmission rate of coatings, wet scrub abrasion test, scratch test, pull-out test and flexibility test. For investigating the wear in the conveyor system, flow simulations were performed on Soildworks using different materials. From the investigation performed, it was found that the combination of modified vinyl epoxy primer and acryline polyurethane acrylic top coat was the most suitable for the ship unloader. For the wear problem, aluminium 6061was found to be a more wear resistant material.
在路易港港口,由于恶劣的海洋环境,一艘小麦卸船机面临严重的腐蚀问题。因此,本研究的目的是提出一种有效的小麦卸船机防腐蚀系统。此外,在其输送系统中观察到磨损。提出了减少这种情况的解决方案。根据ISO 12944-5,选择了不同的涂层系统,包括目前在设备上使用的涂层。进行了室外大气暴露和实验室试验。后者包括浸没试验、涂层的水蒸气透过率、湿磨磨损试验、划伤试验、拉拔试验和柔韧性试验。为了研究输送系统的磨损,在使用不同材料的Soildworks上进行了流动模拟。通过研究发现,改性乙烯基环氧底漆与丙烯酸酯聚氨酯丙烯酸面漆的组合最适合卸船机。对于磨损问题,铝6061被发现是一种更耐磨的材料。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of Copper Addition on Tensile Behaviour of Al-Cu Alloy Used in High Temperature Applications 铜的添加对Al-Cu合金高温拉伸性能的影响
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.302238
Aluminium (Al) alloys are now-a-days used starting from aerospace, automotive body panel, to kitchen ware especially due to their high strength to weight ratio. Aluminium having copper as major alloying element exhibit good mechanical properties at room as well as at high temperature working conditions. But presence of silicon in these alloys adversely affect the strength at high temperature. The current paper analyses change in microstructure and it’s effect on mechanical properties of Aluminium-Copper(Al-Cu) alloy with varying wt% of copper. The Al-Cu alloy developed for study contain silicon as trace element only. Tests carried out to evaluate the impact of such variations on tensile and metallurgical behaviour at room temperature. Analysis of microstructure change with varying wt% of Copper is studied which goes well with the tensile data recorded. Effect of heat treatment (T6) on tensile properties was studied. The tensile results both as cast and heat treated suggest Al-Cu alloy containing 8wt% of Copper as the optimum composition.
铝(Al)合金现在从航空航天,汽车车身面板到厨房用具开始使用,特别是由于其高强度重量比。以铜为主要合金元素的铝在室温和高温工况下均表现出良好的力学性能。但硅的存在对合金的高温强度有不利影响。本文分析了不同铜含量下铝铜合金组织的变化及其对力学性能的影响。所研制的铝铜合金仅含微量元素硅。在室温下,为评估这些变化对拉伸和冶金性能的影响而进行的试验。研究了不同铜质量分数下合金的显微组织变化,与所记录的拉伸数据吻合较好。研究了热处理(T6)对拉伸性能的影响。铸态和热处理的拉伸结果表明,含铜量为8wt%的Al-Cu合金是最佳成分。
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引用次数: 0
Fabrication and Evaluation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces Using Carbon Soot and Different Adhesives 用碳烟和不同胶粘剂制备超疏水表面及评价
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.304807
Sartaj Singh, Vijay Kumar, S. Kango, R. Verma, N. Sharma
The aim of this research is to create self-cleaning hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) on a glass substrate. Carbon soot has been deposited from the candle flame in order to manufacture a SHS on glass slides. The water contact angle (WCA) and roll-off angle were measured after carbon soot deposition using a test rig built in the laboratory. Further, to make SHS on glass slides more robust, candle wax and vassilline were applied on a glass substrate with or without roughening it using emery paper of grade (P80, P220 & P400). The highest WCA was 160° for a candle sooted on glass roughened with emery paper of grade P80 using vassilline as an adhesive. The mechanical durability of the prepared surfaces has been investigated using a peel-off technique with highly glue adhesive tape. The WCA was measured after each peel-off to check the changes in the degree of wettability of the fabricated surface. From the investigation, it has also been observed that more roughened glass slides show more resistance to the removal of carbon soot.
本研究的目的是在玻璃基板上创建自清洁疏水和超疏水表面(SHS)。为了在玻片上制造SHS,从蜡烛火焰中沉积了碳烟。利用室内搭建的实验台架,测量了碳烟沉积后的水接触角和滚转角。此外,为了使玻璃载玻片上的SHS更加坚固,将蜡烛蜡和瓦士林涂在玻璃基板上,使用等级(P80, P220和P400)的金刚砂纸进行或不进行粗化。用瓦西里啉作为粘合剂,用P80级金刚砂纸磨粗玻璃上的蜡烛,WCA最高为160°。采用高胶胶带的剥离技术研究了所制备表面的机械耐久性。在每次剥离后测量WCA,以检查制造表面润湿性的变化程度。从调查中还观察到,越粗化的玻片对碳烟的去除表现出更大的阻力。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental investigations and statistical modeling of specific wear and coefficient of friction in a novel carbon fiber reinforced composite 新型碳纤维增强复合材料比磨损和摩擦系数的实验研究与统计建模
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.295098
In the present work, experimental investigations were performed to study the effect of various machine parameters like sliding velocity (S_v), sliding distance (S_d), and load (L), on specific wear (W_s) and coefficient of friction (COF). The experiments were performed on a novel carbon fiber reinforced composite consisting of fishbone powder as filler. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to develop the statistical models to predict the specific wear rate and coefficient of friction (µ) of the developed composite. A set of 20 experiments were designed according to the central composite design technique. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out at a confidence interval of 95% to determine the parameters that significantly affect (p<0.05) the output responses. It was also found that among the various parameters, the influence of S_d was most significant (33.4%) on W_s followed by S_v (20.3%) and L (17.9%). For COF, the percentage contribution of S_v was maximum i.e. 64%, followed by S_d (17.8%) and L (7.8%).
本文通过实验研究了滑动速度(S_v)、滑动距离(S_d)和载荷(L)等不同机械参数对比磨损(W_s)和摩擦系数(COF)的影响。以鱼骨粉为填料制备了一种新型碳纤维增强复合材料。采用响应面法(RSM)建立了预测复合材料比磨损率和摩擦系数(µ)的统计模型。采用中心复合设计技术设计了一组20个试验。方差分析(ANOVA)以95%的置信区间进行,以确定显著影响输出响应的参数(p<0.05)。在各参数中,S_d对W_s的影响最大(33.4%),其次是S_v(20.3%)和L(17.9%)。对于COF, S_v的贡献率最大,为64%,其次是S_d(17.8%)和L(7.8%)。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of the Heat-Treatment Process on the Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of EN8 Steel 热处理工艺对EN8钢力学性能和组织性能的影响
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/ijseims.313628
R. Chandran, Udhayaraj S., Eazhil K. M.
EN-9 is one of the steel grades, and it is widely used in power plants, automobiles, and the aerospace sector. The availability and ductility of EN9 steel have been limited. Heat-treatment procedures are used to increase the hardness, wear resistance, and percentage of elongation. The main intention of this study is to discover the effect of heat treatment on EN8 steel. In this work, the various kinds of heat-treatment methods like annealing, normalizing, hardening, and tempering were carried out on EN-8 steel. Mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, and percentage of elongation are evaluated. The microstructure is examined and compared, before and after the heat treatment process. Hardening and tempering results indicated that EN8 steel has better hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation when compared to EN9 steel.
EN-9是一种钢种,广泛用于发电厂、汽车和航空航天领域。EN9钢的可用性和延展性受到限制。热处理程序用于提高硬度、耐磨性和伸长率。本研究的主要目的是发现热处理对EN8钢的影响。本工作对EN-8钢进行了退火、正火、淬火和回火等多种热处理方法。对硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率等机械性能进行了评估。在热处理过程之前和之后对微观结构进行检查和比较。调质试验结果表明,与EN9钢相比,EN8钢具有更好的硬度、屈服强度、极限抗拉强度和伸长率。
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引用次数: 1
Load-Carrying Capacity of the Lubricating Film in the Gap Between Surfaces Textured by Hemispherical Pores 半球形孔织构表面间隙中润滑膜的承载能力
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSEIMS.2021070101
L. Burstein
The load support of a lubricating film that separates the surfaces textured by identical equidistant spaced hemispherical pores was investigated. Two-dimensional time-dependent Reynolds equation is solved numerically for different pore-radius-to-gap and cell-dimension-to-pore-radius ratios and for different relative pore positions of opposite surfaces. The results are compared with the data obtained for the case when only one of the opposite surfaces is covered with pores. The obtained data show a maximum in the carrying capacity of the lubricating film when the cell-to-pore-radii ratio is approximately equal to two, in the case of two opposite surfaces with pores. At small pore radii and with increasing cell dimensions, the load support of two surfaces with pores is much greater than in the case of one surface with pores. This behavior reverses with increasing pore diameter. The presented analysis and the provided MATLAB programs are applicable for mechanisms having rubbing mechanical parts with surfaces covered with pores.
研究了由等距半球形孔隙织构而成的润滑膜的载荷支撑。数值求解了不同孔半径与间隙比、孔孔半径与孔孔尺寸比以及相对表面不同相对孔位置的二维时变雷诺方程。将所得结果与只在一个相对表面上覆盖孔隙的情况进行了比较。所得数据表明,当孔与孔半径之比近似等于2时,在两个具有孔的相对表面的情况下,润滑膜的承载能力最大。当孔半径较小且孔尺寸增大时,两个孔表面的负载支撑比一个孔表面的负载支撑大得多。这种行为随着孔径的增大而逆转。本文的分析和MATLAB程序适用于表面有孔洞的摩擦机械零件的机构。
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引用次数: 0
Correlative Analysis Between Tensile Properties and Tool Rotational Speeds of Friction Stir Welded Similar Aluminium Alloy Joints 同类铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接接头抗拉性能与刀具转速的相关性分析
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSEIMS.2021070104
V. Msomi, Busiswa Tracey Jantjies
Friction stir welding (FSW) is considered as the new joining technique which does not involve fumes like any traditional joining techniques. The attainment of good weld depends on proper combination of FSW parameters, and this combination varies with the materials that are being welded. The tool rotational speed is known as the most critical parameter towards the generation of heat required to produce the weld in friction stir welding. This parameter plays an important role in restructuring the stir zone. The variation of this parameter may yield certain results which are dependent on the type of materials being welded. This paper reports on the impact of the rotational speed variation on the tensile properties of AA6082-T6 joints. The rotational speed was varied while keeping all the other welding parameters constant. The analysis was performed comparatively on the specimens that were sampled from different locations of the joint. The joints produced through the rotational speed of 600 rpm showed good tensile properties compared to joints produced through other rotational speeds.
搅拌摩擦焊被认为是一种新型的焊接技术,它不像传统的焊接技术那样产生烟尘。获得良好的焊接取决于FSW参数的适当组合,而这种组合随焊接材料的不同而变化。在搅拌摩擦焊接中,刀具转速被认为是产生焊缝所需热量的最关键参数。该参数在搅拌区结构调整中起着重要作用。该参数的变化可能产生某些结果,这些结果取决于所焊材料的类型。本文报道了转速变化对AA6082-T6接头拉伸性能的影响。在保持其他焊接参数不变的情况下,改变旋转速度。对关节不同部位的试样进行了对比分析。与其他转速下生产的接头相比,600 rpm转速下生产的接头具有良好的拉伸性能。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion and Tribological Behaviour of BN Thin Films Deposited Using Magnetron Sputtering 磁控溅射沉积BN薄膜的腐蚀和摩擦学行为
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSEIMS.2021070102
Mukhtiar Singh, Hitesh Vasudev, Ravinder Kumar
Boron nitride coatings were synthesised on 316L stainless steel substrates through the radio frequency magnetron sputtering from a target made of hexagonal boron nitride. The process of deposition was conducted in three separate N2 and Ar system mixing regimes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques investigated the microstructure morphology and composition of the BN films at varying ratio of N2 and Ar plasma. This research aimed to examine the effects of changing the N2 gas ratio on the structure and structural morphology of c-BN coatings. Using QAr / QN2-5/1 ratios, an increased consistency of the microstructure and further c-BN step formation suggest a fundamental technique for producing superior quality cubic boron nitride films. The electrochemical corrosion test and mechanical analysis was performed to study corrosion and tribological behaviour of the BN coating, and the results showed more improvement in corrosion and tribilogical behaviour in case of BN2 regime. The BN2 regime showed a maximum corrosion resistance of around 1.114 mpy (miles per year). The young's modulus of 346Gpa in magnitude in case of BN2 thin film was found to be higher as compared to base material and other two thin films.
以六方氮化硼为靶材,采用射频磁控溅射法在316L不锈钢基体上合成氮化硼涂层。沉积过程在三种不同的N2和Ar系统混合状态下进行。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和x射线衍射(XRD)技术研究了不同N2和Ar等离子体比例下氮化硼薄膜的微观结构形态和组成。本研究旨在研究改变N2气比对c-BN涂层结构和结构形态的影响。使用QAr/QN2-5/1比率,增加微观结构的一致性和进一步的c-BN台阶形成表明了生产优质立方氮化硼膜的基本技术。通过电化学腐蚀试验和力学分析研究了氮化硼涂层的腐蚀和摩擦学行为,结果表明,在氮化硼状态下,氮化硼涂层在腐蚀和摩擦学性能方面有了更多的改善。BN2体系显示出约1.114 mpy(英里/年)的最大耐腐蚀性。发现在BN2薄膜的情况下346Gpa大小的杨氏模量与基材和其它两种薄膜相比更高。
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引用次数: 10
Development and Parametric Optimisation of Pure Magnesium Matrix Surface Composite by Friction Stir Processing 纯镁基搅拌摩擦表面复合材料的研制与参数优化
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSEIMS.2021070105
Balraj Singh, Jagdev Singh, R. Joshi
Friction stir processing (FSP) is an emerging method for improving surface properties of materials by composite fabrication. This study aims at optimizing the major FSP parameters and analysis of their real-time influence on the mechanical performance of a surface composite fabricated with Magnesium (Mg) matrix and Titanium Carbide (TiC) as reinforcement. Effects of different process parameters, tool rotational speed, plunge depth, the linear speed of the tool, cooling condition, and number of FSP passes have been examined. Using L27 array, a total of 27 combinations of these process parameters were analyzed by taking microhardness as an output response to find influential parameters by Taguchi's technique. Maximum micro-hardness was achieved when tool rpm of 600, cooling temperature of -10o C, tool feed of 15 mm/min, plunge depth of 0.35 mm, and 3 passes of FSP tool were chosen with the help of Taguchi's method. Analysis of variance indicated that cooling temperature, the tool feed, and the number of passes of the FSP tool were the most significant parameters.
搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)是一种新兴的提高复合材料表面性能的方法。本研究旨在优化主要FSP参数,并分析其对以镁(Mg)基体和碳化钛(TiC)为增强材料的表面复合材料力学性能的实时影响。考察了不同工艺参数、刀具转速、切削深度、刀具线速度、冷却条件和FSP道次对成形的影响。利用L27阵列,以显微硬度作为输出响应,通过田口技术对27种工艺参数组合进行分析,找出影响参数。在刀具转速为600、冷却温度为- 100℃、进给量为15 mm/min、入刀深度为0.35 mm、FSP刀具3道次时,采用田口法获得了最大显微硬度。方差分析表明,冷却温度、刀具进给和FSP刀具的道次数是最显著的参数。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanism of Fracture in Pre-Cracked Single-Edged Notched Bars With AI2O3-TiO2 and WC-CO Coatings Al2O3-TiO2和WC-CO涂层预裂纹单边缺口棒材的断裂机理
Q4 Materials Science Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/IJSEIMS.2021070103
K. Arun, Manjula S
Experimental analysis is made to investigate the most significant fracture characterizing parameters in plasma sprayed substrate-coating composite. The experiments were conducted on the single edge notched bars (SENB) made with 7075 series aluminum alloy, with plasma sprayed Al2O3-TiO2 and WC-Co top coats. The pre-cracked bars were fractured in computerized universal testing machine in controlled conditions. The material has been tested under age-hardened and coated conditions also. The results have revealed that the age hardening and type of coating have a much influence on strain energy release rate. The experimental results have shown that WC-Co coated normal materials possess higher strength whereas uncoated normal materials possess lower strength. It is also found that Al2O3-TiO2 coated material possess better coating bond strength and moderate load bearing capacity. The SEM fractographic analysis has been made to analyze the fracture behavior as a function of coating type and the material conditions.
对等离子喷涂基材-涂层复合材料中最重要的断裂表征参数进行了实验分析。以7075系列铝合金为材料,等离子喷涂Al2O3-TiO2和WC-Co表面涂层,制备了单边缺口棒材(SENB)。在控制条件下,在计算机万能试验机上对预裂杆进行断裂。该材料还在年龄硬化和涂层条件下进行了测试。结果表明,时效硬化和涂层类型对应变能释放率有较大影响。实验结果表明,WC-Co包覆的普通材料具有较高的强度,而未包覆的普通材料具有较低的强度。Al2O3-TiO2涂层材料具有较好的涂层结合强度和中等的承载能力。通过SEM断口分析,分析了涂层类型和材料条件对断口行为的影响。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science
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