Multi-criteria decision making is a complex process that involves considering various criteria or factors when making a decision. Over the past few decades, several researchers have developed different methods to tackle this problem. This method offers manifold advantages, however, it faces several limits leading to the development of different modified forms. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the TOPSIS concept to help the researchers gain an overview in different aspects of TOPSIS. The literature review presented in this paper offers a comprehensive survey of the TOPSIS method, providing researchers with an overview of the various aspects of the method, its strengths and limitations, and its various applications. The results of the literature review also are provided based on the application, methodology, and reasons to use TOPSIS method.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Survey and Literature Review on TOPSIS","authors":"Hamed Taherdoost, Mitra Madanchian","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.347947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.347947","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-criteria decision making is a complex process that involves considering various criteria or factors when making a decision. Over the past few decades, several researchers have developed different methods to tackle this problem. This method offers manifold advantages, however, it faces several limits leading to the development of different modified forms. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the TOPSIS concept to help the researchers gain an overview in different aspects of TOPSIS. The literature review presented in this paper offers a comprehensive survey of the TOPSIS method, providing researchers with an overview of the various aspects of the method, its strengths and limitations, and its various applications. The results of the literature review also are provided based on the application, methodology, and reasons to use TOPSIS method.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelfatah Arman, O. Sohaib, Vazeerjan Begum, Aaesha Aaesha Alkharman
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cultural diversity on job satisfaction and its effect on expatriate work performance. Structured interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data from a sample group of expatriates five participants from mixed nationalities in a private sector organization based in the United Arab Emirates. Thematic analysis identified three emergent themes of culture that negatively impacted expatriates' job satisfaction, causing reduced employee performance, and two themes were identified that increased expatriate performance at work (enhanced creativity and innovation). This research contributes to the body of academic knowledge about the effect of cultural diversity on expatriate employee performance. The value for praxis from this study are recommendations for managerial action to improve expatriate work performance.
{"title":"Impact of Cultural Diversity on Employee Performance","authors":"Abdelfatah Arman, O. Sohaib, Vazeerjan Begum, Aaesha Aaesha Alkharman","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.342614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.342614","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cultural diversity on job satisfaction and its effect on expatriate work performance. Structured interviews were conducted to collect qualitative data from a sample group of expatriates five participants from mixed nationalities in a private sector organization based in the United Arab Emirates. Thematic analysis identified three emergent themes of culture that negatively impacted expatriates' job satisfaction, causing reduced employee performance, and two themes were identified that increased expatriate performance at work (enhanced creativity and innovation). This research contributes to the body of academic knowledge about the effect of cultural diversity on expatriate employee performance. The value for praxis from this study are recommendations for managerial action to improve expatriate work performance.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141018840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Manzoor, Siong Choy Chong, Abdullah Al-Mahmud, A. Asmawi
The influx of international students has moved beyond the Global North towards the Global South in countries like China, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong as they pursue strategies to become an international education hub in Asia. This massive competition among higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide necessitates revisiting the existing image models to understand their heightened impacts on student satisfaction for both retaining existing students and attracting new ones. This study attempts to do so by gathering responses from 200 international postgraduate students from two renowned universities in Malaysia. The redefined HEI image model based on postgraduate international students shows that all of its three dimensions have a positive significant impact on students' satisfaction and decision-making. The outcomes of importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) have yielded the results of PLS-SEM both at the construct and indicator levels toward building more socially responsible HEIs as a service industry to boost student satisfaction in both regular and uncertain times.
{"title":"The Impacts of a Redefined HEI Image Model on Postgraduate International Students' Satisfaction in Malaysia","authors":"S. Manzoor, Siong Choy Chong, Abdullah Al-Mahmud, A. Asmawi","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.339885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.339885","url":null,"abstract":"The influx of international students has moved beyond the Global North towards the Global South in countries like China, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong as they pursue strategies to become an international education hub in Asia. This massive competition among higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide necessitates revisiting the existing image models to understand their heightened impacts on student satisfaction for both retaining existing students and attracting new ones. This study attempts to do so by gathering responses from 200 international postgraduate students from two renowned universities in Malaysia. The redefined HEI image model based on postgraduate international students shows that all of its three dimensions have a positive significant impact on students' satisfaction and decision-making. The outcomes of importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) have yielded the results of PLS-SEM both at the construct and indicator levels toward building more socially responsible HEIs as a service industry to boost student satisfaction in both regular and uncertain times.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"67 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper uses data envelopment analysis to explore how to evaluate physician and hospital clinical efficiency for coronary artery bypass surgery. First, the DEA models (measuring overall technical and scale efficiency partitioned by severity) identified many inefficient surgeons. Regardless of time period studied, relatively few surgeons were found to be on the best-practicing production frontier (DEA efficiency score = 1). The authors offer some evidence that clinical efficiency may be subject to investing in organizational capabilities that arise from operational strategies such as developing open heart surgery as a specialty, years of experience, training, and ultimately, acquiring a cadre of “efficient” surgeons. At a minimum, these findings support including some measures of “superior” organizational capabilities, strategic focus or product specialization, continuing education, and experience in future work.
{"title":"Evaluating Cardiac Surgeon Performance","authors":"Jon A. Chilingerian, Mitchell P. V. Glavin","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.335948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.335948","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses data envelopment analysis to explore how to evaluate physician and hospital clinical efficiency for coronary artery bypass surgery. First, the DEA models (measuring overall technical and scale efficiency partitioned by severity) identified many inefficient surgeons. Regardless of time period studied, relatively few surgeons were found to be on the best-practicing production frontier (DEA efficiency score = 1). The authors offer some evidence that clinical efficiency may be subject to investing in organizational capabilities that arise from operational strategies such as developing open heart surgery as a specialty, years of experience, training, and ultimately, acquiring a cadre of “efficient” surgeons. At a minimum, these findings support including some measures of “superior” organizational capabilities, strategic focus or product specialization, continuing education, and experience in future work.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"53 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139441194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aims to prove hypotheses regarding artificial intelligence integration in retail value chains in the post-Soviet economic space. Hypotheses were proven within a comprehensive research project based on the use of quantitative research methods (questionnaires), which allowed studying the opinions of 512 retail managers in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan. A specially designed questionnaire eliminated ambiguity in results interpretation by including both simple closed questions with a single choice and questions using a Likert scale. All the formulated hypotheses were proven, leading to the conclusion that the retail market of the post-Soviet economic space is not ready for the introduction of robotization and full automation of retail stores. The study results can be used by retail managers in the post-Soviet economic space as they choose the direction of artificial intelligence integration.
{"title":"Using Artificial Intelligence for Retail Value Chain","authors":"Aigerim Burakhanova, Gulshat Baizhaxynova, Aizhan Duisebayeva, Maira Davletova, Botagoz Nurakhova","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.330018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.330018","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to prove hypotheses regarding artificial intelligence integration in retail value chains in the post-Soviet economic space. Hypotheses were proven within a comprehensive research project based on the use of quantitative research methods (questionnaires), which allowed studying the opinions of 512 retail managers in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Tajikistan. A specially designed questionnaire eliminated ambiguity in results interpretation by including both simple closed questions with a single choice and questions using a Likert scale. All the formulated hypotheses were proven, leading to the conclusion that the retail market of the post-Soviet economic space is not ready for the introduction of robotization and full automation of retail stores. The study results can be used by retail managers in the post-Soviet economic space as they choose the direction of artificial intelligence integration.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82583442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, different trust factors regarding customers' perceptions of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot in customer service are identified. Based on 199 publications, a research model is derived for identifying and evaluating various variables influencing customers' views of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in AI-based chatbots in customer service. The research approach of the study model includes the influencing variables of perceived security and traceability, perceived social presence, and trust. A survey with 158 survey participants is used to empirically evaluate the model developed. One of the main findings of this research study is that perceived security and comprehensibility have a significant influence on the usage intention of an AI-based chatbot with trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in customer service.
{"title":"Trust-Supporting Design Elements as Signals for AI-Based Chatbots in Customer Service","authors":"M. Sonntag, Jens Mehmann, Frank Teuteberg","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.329963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.329963","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, different trust factors regarding customers' perceptions of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot in customer service are identified. Based on 199 publications, a research model is derived for identifying and evaluating various variables influencing customers' views of their intention to interact with or without trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in AI-based chatbots in customer service. The research approach of the study model includes the influencing variables of perceived security and traceability, perceived social presence, and trust. A survey with 158 survey participants is used to empirically evaluate the model developed. One of the main findings of this research study is that perceived security and comprehensibility have a significant influence on the usage intention of an AI-based chatbot with trust-supporting design elements as signals (stimuli) in customer service.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78133023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to identify the impact of HRMS on the strategic success in the cellular communications companies in Jordan. To achieve the objective of the study, questionnaires were collected from 318 employees working at all administrative levels. The sample strategy was selected from the managers in the Jordanian telecommunications companies from the lower, middle, and senior management in all centers and branches in Jordan. The most important results of the study are the telecommunications companies in Jordan keep pace with the development in the fine specializations suitable for the services they provide to customers through attracting strategies that keep pace with technological developments in the communications environment. The recommendations are the need for an institutional governance of employment policies in telecommunications companies, which should be clear within the framework of instructions from within the company and from the government sector, and effective focus on applying the compensation strategy and its understanding by workers in the investigated companies.
{"title":"The Impact of Human Resource Management Strategies on the Strategic Success of Cellular Communications Companies in Jordan","authors":"K. Al-Tarawneh","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.328774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.328774","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to identify the impact of HRMS on the strategic success in the cellular communications companies in Jordan. To achieve the objective of the study, questionnaires were collected from 318 employees working at all administrative levels. The sample strategy was selected from the managers in the Jordanian telecommunications companies from the lower, middle, and senior management in all centers and branches in Jordan. The most important results of the study are the telecommunications companies in Jordan keep pace with the development in the fine specializations suitable for the services they provide to customers through attracting strategies that keep pace with technological developments in the communications environment. The recommendations are the need for an institutional governance of employment policies in telecommunications companies, which should be clear within the framework of instructions from within the company and from the government sector, and effective focus on applying the compensation strategy and its understanding by workers in the investigated companies.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86531255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fekik, Mohamed Lamine Hamida, Dyhia Kais, H. Khati, A. Bousbaine, H. Denoun
This article introduces a novel and effective diagram based on direct instantaneous power control (DPC) of a PWM-controlled rectifier connected to the grid without a switching table. An optimum control vector of the PWM rectifier's input voltage, which depends on the switching states determined by a Petri nets controller, is adopted. This approach limits the instantaneous detection errors of reactive and active powers, maintains the DC bus voltage at a reference level, and ensures current close to a sinusoidal wave, guaranteeing operation at a unit power factor. The instantaneous tracking errors of active and reactive powers and the angular position of the voltage are used as input variables for the proposed controller, which then selects the best control vector for the converter based on the transition of a Petri net. The significant advantages of DPC based on Petri nets compared to traditional switching tables are that hysteresis comparators are not required, and the classical regulation of active and reactive powers is achieved in all sectors. Simulation and testing findings demonstrated excellent performance, supporting the viability of the suggested control approach using Petri nets.
{"title":"A Design and Implementation of a New Control Based on Petri Nets for Three Phase PWM-Rectifier","authors":"A. Fekik, Mohamed Lamine Hamida, Dyhia Kais, H. Khati, A. Bousbaine, H. Denoun","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.326801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.326801","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a novel and effective diagram based on direct instantaneous power control (DPC) of a PWM-controlled rectifier connected to the grid without a switching table. An optimum control vector of the PWM rectifier's input voltage, which depends on the switching states determined by a Petri nets controller, is adopted. This approach limits the instantaneous detection errors of reactive and active powers, maintains the DC bus voltage at a reference level, and ensures current close to a sinusoidal wave, guaranteeing operation at a unit power factor. The instantaneous tracking errors of active and reactive powers and the angular position of the voltage are used as input variables for the proposed controller, which then selects the best control vector for the converter based on the transition of a Petri net. The significant advantages of DPC based on Petri nets compared to traditional switching tables are that hysteresis comparators are not required, and the classical regulation of active and reactive powers is achieved in all sectors. Simulation and testing findings demonstrated excellent performance, supporting the viability of the suggested control approach using Petri nets.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86423413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A quantitative exploratory approach was used for the present study to measure the relationship between minority status and job satisfaction of individuals employed by foreign or UAE-owned banks operating in the UAE and the relationship between minority workers' status and their perception of inclusion in their workgroups. A total of 800 participants were sought for the study. The study indicates that UAE nationals, as an Arab minority in these banking institutions, felt excluded, and this perception affected their satisfaction. The present study reveals a new finding which is that when assessing minority individuals who are employed in UAE-owned banks with minority workers who are employed with foreign-owned banking organizations, those UAE nationals who are employed in UAE-owned banks felt more included and satisfied than their counterparts who are working in foreign-owned banks. Additionally, the study indicates that religious affiliation alone as one dimension of diversity does not increase an employee's job satisfaction. For example, UAE nationals are among Muslim respondents in the UAE banking sector whose Islamic affiliation among other participants represented the majority (n = 529) of the research's participants but since they were an ethnic minority, results demonstrate a negative relationship between religious affiliation and job satisfaction for the prevailing religion among the study's respondents.
{"title":"How Perceived Inclusion Impacts Minority Employees' Organizational Satisfaction in the UAE Banking Industry","authors":"Abdelfatah Arman","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.326551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.326551","url":null,"abstract":"A quantitative exploratory approach was used for the present study to measure the relationship between minority status and job satisfaction of individuals employed by foreign or UAE-owned banks operating in the UAE and the relationship between minority workers' status and their perception of inclusion in their workgroups. A total of 800 participants were sought for the study. The study indicates that UAE nationals, as an Arab minority in these banking institutions, felt excluded, and this perception affected their satisfaction. The present study reveals a new finding which is that when assessing minority individuals who are employed in UAE-owned banks with minority workers who are employed with foreign-owned banking organizations, those UAE nationals who are employed in UAE-owned banks felt more included and satisfied than their counterparts who are working in foreign-owned banks. Additionally, the study indicates that religious affiliation alone as one dimension of diversity does not increase an employee's job satisfaction. For example, UAE nationals are among Muslim respondents in the UAE banking sector whose Islamic affiliation among other participants represented the majority (n = 529) of the research's participants but since they were an ethnic minority, results demonstrate a negative relationship between religious affiliation and job satisfaction for the prevailing religion among the study's respondents.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81616127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Farouk Radwan, Thouraya Snoussi, Sheren Ali Mousa, Mohamed Abdulzaher
This study addresses the public adoption of and satisfaction with UAE government e-services, emphasizing the quality of digital platforms, mainly smart applications. This quantitative research uses the technology acceptance, e-service quality, and web trust models. An online survey designed via Survey Monkey was distributed to Emirati citizens in Sharjah, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi municipalities via government Facebook and Instagram accounts in December 2022. The sample included the Ministries of Human Resources, Education, Interior, and Foreign Affairs, which provide daily individual and commercial services to citizens through digital applications. Three hundred respondents completed the form. The findings revealed that participants appreciate and trust the electronic services provided via smart applications, particularly their ease of use and quality of information. Factors motivating their use include information disclosure strategy and interactivity. The UAE's increasing use of smart digital applications necessitates training, user-friendly designs, and integration with rather than replacement of traditional direct methods.
{"title":"Using Smart Applications in Delivering Government Services in the UAE","authors":"Ahmed Farouk Radwan, Thouraya Snoussi, Sheren Ali Mousa, Mohamed Abdulzaher","doi":"10.4018/ijssmet.326520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijssmet.326520","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the public adoption of and satisfaction with UAE government e-services, emphasizing the quality of digital platforms, mainly smart applications. This quantitative research uses the technology acceptance, e-service quality, and web trust models. An online survey designed via Survey Monkey was distributed to Emirati citizens in Sharjah, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi municipalities via government Facebook and Instagram accounts in December 2022. The sample included the Ministries of Human Resources, Education, Interior, and Foreign Affairs, which provide daily individual and commercial services to citizens through digital applications. Three hundred respondents completed the form. The findings revealed that participants appreciate and trust the electronic services provided via smart applications, particularly their ease of use and quality of information. Factors motivating their use include information disclosure strategy and interactivity. The UAE's increasing use of smart digital applications necessitates training, user-friendly designs, and integration with rather than replacement of traditional direct methods.","PeriodicalId":37126,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Service Science, Management, Engineering, and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83249165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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