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2014 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium - PLANS 2014最新文献

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Using on air UAT/ADS-B signal to simulate 3D aviation weather information 利用空中UAT/ADS-B信号模拟三维航空天气信息
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851430
G. Liou, Shau-Shiun Jan
The existing unusual weather alert system utilizes information provided by ground meteorological observation stations and simulates unusual weather conditions using a specific computational fluid dynamics model. However, the ground meteorological observation stations convey only 2D weather information near the ground, and it is very difficult to accurately simulate 3D low-level weather conditions using only 2D ground weather information. The purpose of the paper is thus to analyzing the possibility of simulating a 3D fluid flow field describing weather conditions using both meteorological observation data from ADS-B/UAT onboard aircrafts and ground meteorological observation stations. All the meteorological information collected for the paper is calculated to conduct 3D fluid flow field by the CALMET/CALPUFF Modeling system.
现有的异常天气警报系统利用地面气象观测站提供的信息,并使用特定的计算流体动力学模型模拟异常天气条件。然而,地面气象观测站仅传递近地面的二维天气信息,仅利用二维地面天气信息很难准确模拟三维低空天气状况。因此,本文的目的是分析利用机载ADS-B/UAT和地面气象观测站的气象观测数据模拟描述天气条件的三维流体流场的可能性。利用CALMET/CALPUFF建模系统对本文收集的所有气象信息进行计算,进行三维流体流场模拟。
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引用次数: 2
Covariance analysis of spatial and temporal effects of collaborative navigation 协同导航时空效应的协方差分析
Chun Yang, A. Soloviev
Collaborative navigation is an emerging network technology by which a group of mobile users, each being a node of an ad hoc wireless network, attempt to improve their navigation performance. Each node in the network has a means of its own for navigation, e.g., using an integrated INS/GPS system. However, individual navigation performance is rather limited due to inertial sensor drifts when GPS signal is lost for instance. By exchanging navigation states and in particular obtaining relative measurements (range, range rate, or angular) via radio communications, the distributed nodes in the network collaborate and serve as reference beacons or anchors to one another. In this paper, we investigate spatial and temporal effects of collaborative navigation on navigation performance improvement. Indeed, the improvement in navigation performance is affected by the number of collaborating nodes and inter-node measurement quality in relation to the uncertainty of individual navigation states (spatial effect). Navigation errors after inter-node measurement exchanges become correlated, which limits further reduction in errors by subsequent measurements (temporal effect). Scenarios with simple measurement models and fusion rules are used to illustrate the spatial and temporal effects of collaborative navigation via covariance analysis and computer simulations. Understanding of such fundamental effects provides practical guidelines for optimal design of communication protocols and estimation algorithms.
协同导航是一种新兴的网络技术,通过一组移动用户,每个用户都是一个自组织无线网络的节点,试图提高他们的导航性能。网络中的每个节点都有自己的导航方式,例如,使用集成的INS/GPS系统。然而,当GPS信号丢失时,由于惯性传感器的漂移,单个导航性能相当有限。通过交换导航状态,特别是通过无线电通信获得相对测量值(距离、距离速率或角度),网络中的分布式节点相互协作,并作为彼此的参考信标或锚。本文研究了协同导航对导航性能提升的时空效应。实际上,导航性能的提高受到协作节点数量和节点间测量质量(与单个导航状态的不确定性有关)的影响。节点间测量交换后的导航误差变得相关,这限制了后续测量进一步减小误差(时间效应)。通过协方差分析和计算机仿真,利用具有简单测量模型和融合规则的场景来说明协同导航的时空效应。对这些基本效应的理解为通信协议和估计算法的优化设计提供了实用的指导。
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引用次数: 11
Implementation and performance analysis of smartphone-based 3D PDR system with hybrid motion and heading classifier 基于智能手机的运动与头部混合分类器3D PDR系统的实现与性能分析
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851376
B. Shin, Seok Lee, Chulki Kim, Jaehun Kim, Taikjin Lee, C. Kee, Sujeong Heo, Heonsoo Rhee
In this paper, we present a motion recognition based pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) system. The difference of smartphone-based PDR system and inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based PDR is that axes of smartphone sensor are changed dependently by pedestrian motions, but IMU-based PDR does not that. To solve this issue, we firstly detect a performed motion and operate a proper PDR algorithm according to the detected motion. We apply this system to many persons to identify its applicability. Especially, a heading classifier having 45 degree resolution is applied. We performed a real field test and analyzed a performance of this system.
提出了一种基于运动识别的行人航位推算(PDR)系统。基于智能手机的PDR系统与基于惯性测量单元(IMU)的PDR系统的不同之处在于,智能手机传感器的轴会随着行人的运动而独立变化,而基于IMU的PDR则不会。为了解决这个问题,我们首先检测一个已执行的运动,并根据检测到的运动运行适当的PDR算法。我们将这一制度应用于许多人,以确定其适用性。特别地,应用了45度分辨率的标题分类器。对该系统进行了现场测试,并对其性能进行了分析。
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引用次数: 13
Experimental Validation1 实验Validation1
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851488
S. Changey, E. Pecheur, Thomas Brunner
A priori information given by the complete modeling of the ballistic behavior (trajectory, attitude) of a projectile is simplified to give a pertinent reduced evolution model. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is designed to estimate three attitude angles from measurements of the magnetic field of the earth given by a three axis magnetometer sensor embedded on the projectile, completed with a three axis accelerometer. The algorithm has been tested on real data recorded during a free flight test over a distance of 400 meters. The results show that we can estimate milliradians with non-linear equations and approximations, with good accuracy.
将弹丸弹道行为(弹道、姿态)完整建模所给出的先验信息简化为相应的简化演化模型。一个扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)被设计用来估计三个姿态角,从一个三轴磁强计传感器给出的地球磁场测量结果中,嵌入在弹丸上,完成了一个三轴加速度计。该算法已在400米自由飞行试验中记录的真实数据上进行了测试。结果表明,我们可以用非线性方程和近似来估计毫弧度,并有很好的精度。
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引用次数: 12
A method for GNSS spoofing detection based on sequential probability ratio test 一种基于序列概率比测试的GNSS欺骗检测方法
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851392
Dingbo Yuan, Hong Li, Mingquan Lu
Nowadays, an increasing number of applications and services are based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). GNSS signals are vulnerable to interference, jamming and spoofing. Among them, spoofing attack is extremely deceitful and destructive, because it can result in misleading time and position error. Hence, reliable spoofing detection is of great importance for many critical applications and services. Since PN-code acquisition is the first step of baseband signal processing, successful spoofing detection at this stage is timely, and alarms can be raised as early as possible. Therefore, a new method for spoofing detection at the acquisition stage based on the sequential probability ratio test is proposed in this paper. And performance analysis and evaluation of the proposed method is presented as well. At last, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
目前,基于全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的应用和服务越来越多。GNSS信号容易受到干扰、干扰和欺骗。其中,欺骗攻击具有极大的欺骗性和破坏性,因为它可以造成误导性的时间和位置误差。因此,可靠的欺骗检测对于许多关键应用和服务非常重要。由于pn码采集是基带信号处理的第一步,因此在这一阶段成功检测到欺骗是及时的,可以尽早报警。为此,本文提出了一种基于序列概率比检验的采集阶段欺骗检测新方法。并对该方法进行了性能分析和评价。最后给出了仿真结果,验证了理论结果的有效性。
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引用次数: 13
Software defined radio approach to distance measuring equipment 软件定义的无线电测距设备方法
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851431
Omar A. Yeste Ojeda, R. Landry
This work describes the methodology used for the development of an avionics system, specifically the distance measuring equipment (DME), from the simulation phase to its implementation in a low cost embedded real time system. The approach considered is based on software defined radio (SDR), that is, all the main functions and signal processing are carried out by an embedded central processing unit (CPU). The purpose of this paper is to show the challenges, such as compatible designing, and advantages of the SDR approach to avionic systems. The laboratory test results show the feasibility of the low cost prototype attaining distance measuring accuracies better than 20 m. Basic minimum operational performance standards are met, while full compliance must be still assessed in order to obtain authorization for the next phase of the project, that is flight testing.
这项工作描述了用于开发航空电子系统的方法,特别是距离测量设备(DME),从仿真阶段到其在低成本嵌入式实时系统中的实现。所考虑的方法基于软件定义无线电(SDR),即所有主要功能和信号处理都由嵌入式中央处理器(CPU)完成。本文的目的是展示SDR方法在航空电子系统中的挑战,如兼容设计和优势。实验室测试结果表明,该低成本样机可实现20 m以上的距离测量精度。基本的最低操作性能标准已经满足,但是为了获得项目下一阶段(即飞行测试)的授权,还必须评估是否完全符合标准。
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引用次数: 5
The uses of ambient light for ubiquitous positioning 利用环境光进行无处不在的定位
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851363
Jingbin Liu, Yuwei Chen, A. Jaakkola, T. Hakala, J. Hyyppa, Liang Chen, Ruizhi Chen, Jian Tang, H. Hyyppa
This paper proposed ambient light (ambilight) as a new type of signal sources for positioning. The possibility and methods of ambilight positioning were presented in this paper. It has been shown that two kinds of observables of ambient light can be used for positioning through different principles. Ambilight intensity spectrum measurements have highly location dependency, and they can be used for positioning with the traditional fingerprinting approach. Total ambilight irradiance intensity is used to detect the proximity of a lighting source, and a location solution can be further resolved with the support of knowledge of lighting infrastructure. Ambilight positioning can work in areas where other traditional techniques are not able to function. An ambilight sensor is cost-efficient and miniature in size, and it can be easily integrated with other sensors to form a hybrid positioning system. This paper was concluded with discussions on the possibility, applicability, challenges and outlook of the new ambient light positioning techniques.
本文提出环境光作为一种新型的定位信号源。本文介绍了微光定位的可能性和方法。研究表明,两种环境光观测值可以通过不同的原理用于定位。光强光谱测量具有高度的位置依赖性,可以与传统的指纹识别方法一起用于定位。总环境光照强度用于检测光源的接近程度,并且可以在照明基础设施知识的支持下进一步解决位置解决方案。灯光定位可以在其他传统技术无法发挥作用的领域发挥作用。微光传感器具有成本效益和体积小巧的特点,可以很容易地与其他传感器集成,形成一个混合定位系统。最后讨论了新型环境光定位技术的可能性、适用性、挑战和前景。
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引用次数: 16
Autopilot design for control of Rotorcraft Micro Aerial Vehicles (RMAVs) swarm 旋翼微型飞行器群控制的自动驾驶仪设计
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851487
Fu Li, Luo Han
The vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) Rotorcraft Micro Aerial Vehicles (RMAVs) are playing more and more important roles in military and civil applications since they can significantly reduce the risk to human life and minimize economic damage. Many RMAVs working together as a swarm can solve the problem of limits in payload, vision range and data processing ability. They are of great development for completing complex missions in some serious emergency situations. These problems of autonomous control, navigation and collision avoidance are critical to the successful deployment of RMAVs swarm. A type of small size autopilot system comprising dual DSP microprocessor, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), ultrasonic rangefinders, digital camera, and Wi-Fi module that can easily installed in RMAV has been designed. A RMAVs Swarm Test Platform significantly safe and efficient is established.
垂直起降(VTOL)的旋翼微型飞行器(rmav)在军事和民用应用中发挥着越来越重要的作用,因为它可以显著降低对人类生命的风险,最大限度地减少经济损失。多个rmav协同工作可以解决载荷、视野范围和数据处理能力受限的问题。它们对于在一些严重的紧急情况下完成复杂的任务具有很大的发展。这些自主控制、导航和避碰问题对rmav群的成功部署至关重要。设计了一种小型自动驾驶系统,该系统由双DSP微处理器、惯性测量单元(IMU)、超声波测距仪、数码相机和Wi-Fi模块组成,可以方便地安装在RMAV中。建立了一个安全高效的rmav群测试平台。
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引用次数: 2
Selecting the optimum inertial sensor for each specific application — A comprehensive guide based on analytic criteria and experimental data across several sensors and technologies 为每个特定应用选择最佳惯性传感器-基于分析标准和跨多个传感器和技术的实验数据的综合指南
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851412
A. Pizzarulli, R. Senatore, E. Quatraro, M. Perlmutter
It is a very difficult task to select the proper sensor performances for each applications in order to meet cost-effectiveness criteria. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive guide based on analytic criteria such as Allan variance analysis in order to highlight what are the performance requirements for several kind of inertial sensors based applications. Several types of sensor (gyroscopes and accelerometers) technologies (MEMS, FOG, CVG, QUARTZ) have been evaluated from different vendors. A comparative analysis of the meaningful parameters such as ARW, bias stability, etc. was performed, providing guidelines on how such sensor parameters relate to the various application performance requirements.
为了满足成本效益标准,为每种应用选择合适的传感器性能是一项非常困难的任务。本文的目的是基于Allan方差分析等分析准则提供一个全面的指南,以突出几种基于惯性传感器的应用的性能要求。几种类型的传感器(陀螺仪和加速度计)技术(MEMS, FOG, CVG, QUARTZ)已经从不同的供应商进行了评估。对ARW、偏置稳定性等有意义的参数进行了比较分析,为这些传感器参数如何与各种应用性能要求相关联提供了指导。
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引用次数: 5
Integrity enhancement of the GNSS position solution for the railway applications 铁路应用GNSS定位解决方案的完整性增强
Pub Date : 2014-05-05 DOI: 10.1109/PLANS.2014.6851450
M. Jonas
Increasing progress in the field of the satellite navigation systems (GNSS, SBAS) in recent decades supports the effort to use it for the determination of train position for the railway safety-related systems. Satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) such as WAAS in the USA, and EGNOS in Europe, are available and new global satellite navigation system Galileo is being built in Europe. Currently available SBAS systems were developed in order to satisfy the aviation requirements, but the safety concept on the railways is very different from the aviation safety concept. New method for increasing integrity of GNSS position solution at the earth ground is described. Properties of this method are experimentally examined by simulations of errors in pseudoranges.
近几十年来,卫星导航系统(GNSS, SBAS)领域的不断进步支持了将其用于确定铁路安全相关系统的列车位置的努力。基于卫星的增强系统(SBAS),如美国的WAAS和欧洲的EGNOS,已经可用,新的全球卫星导航系统伽利略正在欧洲建造。目前可用的SBAS系统是为了满足航空需求而开发的,但是铁路上的安全观与航空安全观有很大的不同。提出了一种提高地面GNSS定位解完整性的新方法。通过模拟伪橙的误差,验证了该方法的性能。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2014 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium - PLANS 2014
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