Pub Date : 2021-05-03DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1918989
E. Santis
Abstract The critical significance of the Discourse Movement in Public Administration was and continues to be its willingness to challenge the field’s beliefs, use interpretivist methodologies, and face otherness. Unfortunately, the movement’s revolutionary zeal was undermined by its inability to see otherness as nothing more than an epistemological fantasy. The following dialogue explores the issue of otherness, as an ontological reality, and sketches the Discourse Movement’s unfinished project: confronting otherness and, by extension, dismantling White Supremacy.
{"title":"Otherness: An unfinished project in public administration","authors":"E. Santis","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1918989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1918989","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The critical significance of the Discourse Movement in Public Administration was and continues to be its willingness to challenge the field’s beliefs, use interpretivist methodologies, and face otherness. Unfortunately, the movement’s revolutionary zeal was undermined by its inability to see otherness as nothing more than an epistemological fantasy. The following dialogue explores the issue of otherness, as an ontological reality, and sketches the Discourse Movement’s unfinished project: confronting otherness and, by extension, dismantling White Supremacy.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"44 1","pages":"133 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1918989","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49481329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-24DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1910411
Pamela S. Medina, Lauren Azevedo
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected many already marginalized groups, including the Latinx population in the United States. While preexisting inequities have amplified the negative impacts of the pandemic, culturally sensitive crisis response is challenged by the diversity and intersecting identities of the nation’s second largest ethnic group. This article examines COVID-19 related inequities among the Latinx population through the lens of Representative Bureaucracy, and suggests that public administration can address COVID-19 inequities through the promotion of passive, active, and symbolic representation while taking into consideration the unique within-group diversity of the Latinx experience. We further suggest that leveraging social networks are one path forward and can demonstrate the particular importance of symbolic representation during crisis response.
{"title":"Latinx COVID-19 outcomes: Expanding the role of representative bureaucracy","authors":"Pamela S. Medina, Lauren Azevedo","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1910411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected many already marginalized groups, including the Latinx population in the United States. While preexisting inequities have amplified the negative impacts of the pandemic, culturally sensitive crisis response is challenged by the diversity and intersecting identities of the nation’s second largest ethnic group. This article examines COVID-19 related inequities among the Latinx population through the lens of Representative Bureaucracy, and suggests that public administration can address COVID-19 inequities through the promotion of passive, active, and symbolic representation while taking into consideration the unique within-group diversity of the Latinx experience. We further suggest that leveraging social networks are one path forward and can demonstrate the particular importance of symbolic representation during crisis response.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"447 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-16DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1910413
M. Nisar
The sociopolitical ecology of public administration (PA) is undergoing major changes. Whether it is the Black Lives Matter movement in the United States, the ongoing farmer protests in India, increased infiltration of algorithm-led policy implementation, or the global ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic, the fundamental nature of the national and global administrative landscape is changing. These shifts require a fundamental paradigm shift in the way academic research is carried out and disseminated in the public administration community, because business as usual guarantees our continued irrelevance to major governing discourses of our time. Such a fundamental reorientation, however, requires distinguishing between three different types of disciplinary models for the identity of public administration. Distinguishing these different models not only elucidates the nature and degree of change required within the public administration research community but also clarifies the reason that I think Reed’s (2020) recommendations, while thoughtful, are not the solution to resolve the escalating irrelevance of public administration research findings for administrative praxis. To be clear, Reed (2020) offers thoughtful ways in which public administration researchers can better involve practitioners in designing, discussing, and distributing their research results. I do not disagree with any of these suggestions. As I discuss below, however, I am primarily interested in a reorientation of the discipline away from the practitioners as the primary audience of PA research and not the modalities of engagement with them.
{"title":"Standing in the right corner: From practitioner-centric to public-centered public administration","authors":"M. Nisar","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1910413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910413","url":null,"abstract":"The sociopolitical ecology of public administration (PA) is undergoing major changes. Whether it is the Black Lives Matter movement in the United States, the ongoing farmer protests in India, increased infiltration of algorithm-led policy implementation, or the global ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic, the fundamental nature of the national and global administrative landscape is changing. These shifts require a fundamental paradigm shift in the way academic research is carried out and disseminated in the public administration community, because business as usual guarantees our continued irrelevance to major governing discourses of our time. Such a fundamental reorientation, however, requires distinguishing between three different types of disciplinary models for the identity of public administration. Distinguishing these different models not only elucidates the nature and degree of change required within the public administration research community but also clarifies the reason that I think Reed’s (2020) recommendations, while thoughtful, are not the solution to resolve the escalating irrelevance of public administration research findings for administrative praxis. To be clear, Reed (2020) offers thoughtful ways in which public administration researchers can better involve practitioners in designing, discussing, and distributing their research results. I do not disagree with any of these suggestions. As I discuss below, however, I am primarily interested in a reorientation of the discipline away from the practitioners as the primary audience of PA research and not the modalities of engagement with them.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"44 1","pages":"87 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42956807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-09DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1910412
David S. Reed
Abstract Azfar Nisar (2020) asserts that the public administration research community is obsessed with serving an idealized image of public administration practitioners. He suggests that researchers should stop trying to serve the imaginary practitioner, and instead engage directly with the public. I have a different suggestion; that researchers should engage with real practitioners, rather than imaginary ones
{"title":"Don’t exclude real practitioners with the imaginary ones: A comment on Azfar Nisar’s “Practitioner as the imaginary father of public administration”","authors":"David S. Reed","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1910412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910412","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Azfar Nisar (2020) asserts that the public administration research community is obsessed with serving an idealized image of public administration practitioners. He suggests that researchers should stop trying to serve the imaginary practitioner, and instead engage directly with the public. I have a different suggestion; that researchers should engage with real practitioners, rather than imaginary ones","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"44 1","pages":"84 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1910412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47254857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2020.1782111
Dalia Mukhtar-Landgren, Alexander Paulsson
Abstract This article analyzes administrative practices in relation to the emergence of novel technologies. “Smart mobility” is an umbrella term used to denote the potentially disruptive changes in the transport sector relating to automatization, digitalization, and the platform economy. While this development is largely driven by industry, public administrations are engaging in a number of processes where they seek to obtain knowledge while regulating the development of, for example, autonomous vehicles. The aim of this article was to study how administrative practices of governing create, delimit and constitute smart mobility as a governable object. This is done by analyzing the policy instruments deployed by public administrations to obtain and disseminate knowledge in innovation processes, with the aim of controlling its development. The analysis shows that public administrators utilize four main categories of policy instruments: pilots, standards, scenarios, and collaboration. By developing scenarios, following pilots and collaborating with a variety of stakeholders, the administrations are not only tapping into newly produced knowledge and learning about the potential impact of these technological novelties, these processes are also creating and delimiting smart mobility as an object to be governed.
{"title":"Governing smart mobility: policy instrumentation, technological utopianism, and the administrative quest for knowledge","authors":"Dalia Mukhtar-Landgren, Alexander Paulsson","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2020.1782111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2020.1782111","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyzes administrative practices in relation to the emergence of novel technologies. “Smart mobility” is an umbrella term used to denote the potentially disruptive changes in the transport sector relating to automatization, digitalization, and the platform economy. While this development is largely driven by industry, public administrations are engaging in a number of processes where they seek to obtain knowledge while regulating the development of, for example, autonomous vehicles. The aim of this article was to study how administrative practices of governing create, delimit and constitute smart mobility as a governable object. This is done by analyzing the policy instruments deployed by public administrations to obtain and disseminate knowledge in innovation processes, with the aim of controlling its development. The analysis shows that public administrators utilize four main categories of policy instruments: pilots, standards, scenarios, and collaboration. By developing scenarios, following pilots and collaborating with a variety of stakeholders, the administrations are not only tapping into newly produced knowledge and learning about the potential impact of these technological novelties, these processes are also creating and delimiting smart mobility as an object to be governed.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"135 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2020.1782111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59726318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-11DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1891796
DeLysa Burnier
Abstract Following Camilla Stivers’ historical account in Bureau Men/Settlement Women, this paper traces social equity within public administration to the Progressive Era and specifically to the New Deal when it became an explicit federal government commitment across policies, programs, and administration. By taking an approach focused on gender, the paper makes visible a “network” of progressive women administrators, including Jane Addams, Florence Kelley, Frances Perkins, Josephine Roche, and Mary McCleod Bethune, all of whom were dedicated to social justice as a core administrative value. The aim of laying out this broader and deeper historical context for public administration is to encourage contemporary public administration scholars to draw upon this context in their own teaching and inquiry.
{"title":"Hiding in plain sight: recovering public administration’s lost legacy of social justice","authors":"DeLysa Burnier","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1891796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891796","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Following Camilla Stivers’ historical account in Bureau Men/Settlement Women, this paper traces social equity within public administration to the Progressive Era and specifically to the New Deal when it became an explicit federal government commitment across policies, programs, and administration. By taking an approach focused on gender, the paper makes visible a “network” of progressive women administrators, including Jane Addams, Florence Kelley, Frances Perkins, Josephine Roche, and Mary McCleod Bethune, all of whom were dedicated to social justice as a core administrative value. The aim of laying out this broader and deeper historical context for public administration is to encourage contemporary public administration scholars to draw upon this context in their own teaching and inquiry.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"395 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1891795
M. Spicer
Abstract Ongoing contestation over the meaning of democracy reflects value conflicts that exist within and across different national cultures and, as such, is intimately tied to the conduct of politics. It follows that the imposition of any single abstract and cosmopolitan idea of democracy on a society is always potentially dangerous to the practice of politics and to the variety of different values that different individuals, groups and cultures hold to be important to them. However, this need not lead one to be nihilistic about the meaning of democracy. Drawing on Camus’ idea of rebellion, this paper argues that any cosmopolitan conception of democracy must include recognition of the right of citizens to contest the decisions and actions of their government. The implications of this idea for public administration scholarship and practice are examined.
{"title":"Some reflections on contestation and cosmopolitanism in democracy and their implications for public administration","authors":"M. Spicer","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1891795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891795","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ongoing contestation over the meaning of democracy reflects value conflicts that exist within and across different national cultures and, as such, is intimately tied to the conduct of politics. It follows that the imposition of any single abstract and cosmopolitan idea of democracy on a society is always potentially dangerous to the practice of politics and to the variety of different values that different individuals, groups and cultures hold to be important to them. However, this need not lead one to be nihilistic about the meaning of democracy. Drawing on Camus’ idea of rebellion, this paper argues that any cosmopolitan conception of democracy must include recognition of the right of citizens to contest the decisions and actions of their government. The implications of this idea for public administration scholarship and practice are examined.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"379 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49462885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-04DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1891797
Aaron Smith-Walter, Christian Angelucci
Abstract This paper details the manner in which Trump’s brand image and use of political spectacle attempt to displace political authority reliant on rationality in decision making, which has long legitimated public bureaucracy. The corresponding threat to contemporary governance arrangements has undermined the sense of stability, and this paper examines Trump’s use of media spectacle to exploit neoliberal administration’s inability to appreciate aspects of the human condition outside of abstracted modeling, as detailed by Baudrillard’s concept of simulation. We argue that this weakness in contemporary public bureaucracy is tied to a reticence to acknowledge and confront the animating role of negative public values in public administration in the U.S. We argue that Trump’s brand image filled this vacuum by providing a counterweight to a public bureaucracy unable to convince citizens of its commitment to the common good.
{"title":"Simulacra and spectacle: The role of negative public values in the re-enchantment of U.S. politics","authors":"Aaron Smith-Walter, Christian Angelucci","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1891797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891797","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper details the manner in which Trump’s brand image and use of political spectacle attempt to displace political authority reliant on rationality in decision making, which has long legitimated public bureaucracy. The corresponding threat to contemporary governance arrangements has undermined the sense of stability, and this paper examines Trump’s use of media spectacle to exploit neoliberal administration’s inability to appreciate aspects of the human condition outside of abstracted modeling, as detailed by Baudrillard’s concept of simulation. We argue that this weakness in contemporary public bureaucracy is tied to a reticence to acknowledge and confront the animating role of negative public values in public administration in the U.S. We argue that Trump’s brand image filled this vacuum by providing a counterweight to a public bureaucracy unable to convince citizens of its commitment to the common good.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"412 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47024573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2021.1891798
Sara E. McClellan
Abstract This case study set out to investigate value definition in a cross-sector collective focused on strengthening nonprofit services. Moore’s public value concept is used to examine how participants defined and constructed collaborative value, and a critical and pragmatic lens based on Flyvbjerg’s phronetic science was employed, surfacing findings not initially anticipated. Time emerged as a significant factor shaping collective public value efforts. Temporal structures influenced public problems the collective sought to address as well as problem definitions. Temporal challenges generated administrative concerns and service instability presenting both practical and theoretical implications related to collective impact.
{"title":"Time to collaborate: How time influences value creation for a nonprofit collective","authors":"Sara E. McClellan","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2021.1891798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891798","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This case study set out to investigate value definition in a cross-sector collective focused on strengthening nonprofit services. Moore’s public value concept is used to examine how participants defined and constructed collaborative value, and a critical and pragmatic lens based on Flyvbjerg’s phronetic science was employed, surfacing findings not initially anticipated. Time emerged as a significant factor shaping collective public value efforts. Temporal structures influenced public problems the collective sought to address as well as problem definitions. Temporal challenges generated administrative concerns and service instability presenting both practical and theoretical implications related to collective impact.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"44 1","pages":"1 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2021.1891798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45422027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.1080/10841806.2020.1868159
Adana Protonentis, R. Chordiya, ChrisTiana ObeySumner
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic magnified the cracks and chasms in our social structures. It threw a hard truth into sharp relief: in an emergency response, it is the marginalized members of our community who are most at risk of being left behind. This article aims to contribute to the COVID-19 dialogue series by highlighting the social justice and social equity concerns related to disability justice in an emergency response. Specifically, we examine the case of K-12 school closures in Washington State in response to the COVID-19 public health crisis, for its impact on students with disabilities. We find that the response to COVID-19 emergency guided by utilitarian approaches, led to further marginalization and inequitable impact on special education students and their families. We propose that an alternative approach of Targeted Universalism that involves universal goal-setting and targeted strategy development, when modified to include Restorative and Transformative justice practices, may be a valuable tool to create the conditions for an emergency response that promotes social equity and social justice.
{"title":"Centering the margins: Restorative and transformative justice as our path to social equity","authors":"Adana Protonentis, R. Chordiya, ChrisTiana ObeySumner","doi":"10.1080/10841806.2020.1868159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2020.1868159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic magnified the cracks and chasms in our social structures. It threw a hard truth into sharp relief: in an emergency response, it is the marginalized members of our community who are most at risk of being left behind. This article aims to contribute to the COVID-19 dialogue series by highlighting the social justice and social equity concerns related to disability justice in an emergency response. Specifically, we examine the case of K-12 school closures in Washington State in response to the COVID-19 public health crisis, for its impact on students with disabilities. We find that the response to COVID-19 emergency guided by utilitarian approaches, led to further marginalization and inequitable impact on special education students and their families. We propose that an alternative approach of Targeted Universalism that involves universal goal-setting and targeted strategy development, when modified to include Restorative and Transformative justice practices, may be a valuable tool to create the conditions for an emergency response that promotes social equity and social justice.","PeriodicalId":37205,"journal":{"name":"Administrative Theory and Praxis","volume":"43 1","pages":"333 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10841806.2020.1868159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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