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Cannot investors really price the book-tax differences correctly? Evidence from accelerated depreciation policies 投资者真的不能正确定价账面税收差异吗?加速折旧政策的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2143671
Hang Liu, Yichao Zhao
ABSTRACT Extensive studies have found that investors misprice book-tax differences (BTDs). We take the accelerated depreciation policies of fixed assets implemented in China since 2014 as the research setting and investigate the following issues: When a temporary BTD is generated due to the tax preferential policies of accelerated depreciation, and the temporary BTD disclosed in financial statements can be clearly understood by investors, will investors still misprice it? We find that accelerated depreciation policy-induced temporary BTD (AccBTD) and other temporary BTD (OthBTD) are both informative. Furthermore, investors could correctly price AccBTD while misprice OthBTD. Finally, active institutional investors and analysts can promote the correct pricing of AccBTD but cannot alleviate the mispricing of OthBTD. Overall, our evidence suggests that investors do not always misprice BTDs. Specifically, when we decompose the specific components of BTDs and control the measurement errors effectively, we will have completely different findings.
摘要大量研究发现,投资者对账面税差定价错误。我们以2014年以来中国实施的固定资产加速折旧政策为研究背景,调查了以下问题:当由于加速折旧的税收优惠政策而产生临时BTD,并且投资者能够清楚地理解财务报表中披露的临时BTD时,投资者还会错估吗?我们发现,加速折旧政策引起的临时BTD(AccBTD)和其他临时BTD都是有信息的。此外,投资者可以正确定价AccBTD,同时错误定价OthBTD。最后,积极的机构投资者和分析师可以促进AccBTD的正确定价,但不能缓解OthBTD的错误定价。总的来说,我们的证据表明,投资者并不总是对BTD定价错误。具体来说,当我们分解BTD的特定成分并有效控制测量误差时,我们会有完全不同的发现。
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引用次数: 1
Do bond market participants care about directors’ and officers’ liability insurance?——Empirical evidence based on the pricing of corporate bonds 债券市场参与者关心董事和高管的责任保险吗----基于公司债券定价的经验证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2143679
Yu Wang, Jiawei Lu, Xun Zhao
ABSTRACT Based on the risk hedging perspective, this paper examines the impact of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (hereafter referred to as D&O liability insurance) on the pricing of corporate bonds. We find that the purchase of D&O liability insurance can effectively reduce corporate bond insurance pricing. The path test shows that the purchase of D&O liability insurance can reduce the bond insurance pricing by improving the quality of company’s internal control. Furthermore, the paper finds that when management power is greater, investor protection is poor or financial risk is high,the impact of the D&O liability insurance is stronger. After purchasing D&O liability insurance, creditors will reduce the use of corporate governance contractual terms, but will set more investments and financing as well as option contractual terms. In addition, companies that purchase D&O liability insurance issue bonds with higher credit ratings and longer bond maturities.
摘要基于风险对冲视角,本文考察了董事和高级管理人员责任保险(以下简称D&O责任保险)对公司债券定价的影响。我们发现,购买D&O责任险可以有效降低公司债券保险的定价。路径检验表明,购买D&O责任险可以通过提高公司内部控制质量来降低债券保险定价。此外,研究发现,当管理权越大、投资者保护越差或财务风险越高时,D&O责任保险的影响越大。在购买D&O责任保险后,债权人将减少公司治理合同条款的使用,但将设定更多的投资和融资以及期权合同条款。此外,购买D&O责任保险的公司发行信用评级更高、债券期限更长的债券。
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引用次数: 0
Customer relationships in the consolidated financial statements: recognition and value relevance 合并财务报表中的客户关系:确认和价值相关性
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2143677
Mingming Huang, Junsheng Zhang, Zheng Huo
ABSTRACT Customer relationships are important strategic resources. With a sample of A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2020 in China, this paper examines the recognition and value relevance of customer-related intangible assets. Current accounting standards require an acquirer to recognise identifiable intangible assets acquired in the business combination separately from goodwill. However, stakeholders question the usefulness of the information about customer relationships that are difficult to value reliably. The IASB and IFRIC have discussed a lot about whether to continue to separate customer-related intangible assets from goodwill. We find that firms with more R&D investments are more likely to recognise customer-related intangible assets. We also find that the book value of customer-related intangibles is positively associated with share price, which means recognised customer-related intangibles provide useful information to investors. We report empirical evidence in support of both international and Chinese accounting standards for separate recognition of identifiable intangible assets.
摘要客户关系是重要的战略资源。本文以2007-2020年中国a股上市公司为样本,考察了客户相关无形资产的确认和价值相关性。现行会计准则要求收购方将企业合并中收购的可辨认无形资产与商誉分开确认。然而,利益相关者质疑难以可靠评估的客户关系信息的有用性。IASB和IFRIC就是否继续将与客户相关的无形资产与商誉分离进行了大量讨论。我们发现,拥有更多研发投资的公司更有可能确认与客户相关的无形资产。我们还发现,与客户相关的无形资产的账面价值与股价呈正相关,这意味着已确认的与客户有关的无形资产为投资者提供了有用的信息。我们报告了支持国际和中国会计准则分别确认可辨认无形资产的实证证据。
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引用次数: 0
Is integrated auditing superior to separate auditing? Evidence from China 综合审计是否优于单独审计?来自中国的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2105679
Li Dang, Qiaoling Fang
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to compare audit effectiveness and audit efficiency between companies that have integrated auditing of internal control over financial reporting (ICFR) and financial statements and companies that have separate auditing. We analyse a sample of Chinese public companies that disclosed their ICFR audit reports from 2011 to 2015. Using the full sample, sub-samples, and a propensity score matching (PSM) sample, we consistently find that companies having integrated auditing exhibit higher financial reporting quality measured by excess non-operating income. The findings regarding audit efficiency are mixed, with limited evidence indicating that an integrated auditor is potentially able to complete two audits without further delay. Overall, our results seem to suggest that integrated auditing is superior to separate auditing in that it enhances audit effectiveness and might improve audit efficiency. Such superiority might be due to knowledge spillover when two related audit services are jointly provided.
摘要本研究的目的是比较对财务报告和财务报表进行内部控制综合审计的公司与单独审计的公司之间的审计有效性和审计效率。我们分析了2011年至2015年披露ICFR审计报告的中国上市公司样本。使用全样本、子样本和倾向得分匹配(PSM)样本,我们一致发现,通过超额营业外收入衡量,进行综合审计的公司表现出更高的财务报告质量。关于审计效率的调查结果喜忧参半,有限的证据表明,综合审计师有可能毫不拖延地完成两次审计。总体而言,我们的研究结果似乎表明,综合审计优于单独审计,因为它提高了审计的有效性,并可能提高审计效率。这种优势可能是由于在联合提供两种相关审计服务时知识溢出。
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引用次数: 0
Do the outstanding comments of regulatory reviewers for approved IPOs serve as a valuation signal for investors? 监管机构审核人员对已获批ipo的杰出评论,是否对投资者起到了估值信号的作用?
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2091063
Xuxia Chen, Jun Wang, Xi Wu
ABSTRACT Since 2015, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has disclosed initial public offering (IPO) companies’ review outcomes and hearing questions. For 15% of the companies that pass the IPO screening process, the CSRC also discloses some of their hearing questions that require further disclosure and clarification after the IPO screening process (termed outstanding comments herein). A company passing the vote means that it has received general approval from the majority of review experts. However, outstanding comments also reflect that some review experts have remaining concerns about the IPO applicant. Results show that approved IPO companies with outstanding comments perform significantly worse than those without outstanding comments both before and after listing, suggesting that outstanding comments serve as a signal of a stock’s valuation. Moreover, investors (particularly institutional ones) appear to perceive the signal of outstanding comments, as they react more negatively around the listing date of such companies.
自2015年以来,中国证监会开始披露首次公开发行(IPO)公司的审核结果和听证问题。对于通过IPO筛选的15%的公司,中国证监会还披露了一些在IPO筛选后需要进一步披露和澄清的听证问题(本文称之为未决意见)。通过投票的公司意味着它得到了大多数审查专家的普遍认可。然而,悬而未决的评论也反映出,一些审查专家对IPO申请人仍有担忧。结果表明,在上市前和上市后,已获批的有杰出评论的公司表现明显差于没有杰出评论的公司,说明杰出评论是股票估值的一个信号。此外,投资者(尤其是机构投资者)似乎察觉到了这些杰出评论的信号,因为他们在这些公司上市日期前后的反应更为消极。
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引用次数: 0
Case study of Chinese and Korean airlines’ MD&As across countries, markets, and ownership—A regulatory perspective 中韩航空公司跨国家、跨市场、跨所有权的MD&A案例研究——监管视角
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2105675
Si-Bei Yan, Hyung-Rok Jung, Junjie Wan, Mi-Ok Kim
ABSTRACT We compare the management discussion and analysis sections (MD&As) of 1) Korean and Chinese airlines in their home countries, with different MD&A regulations; 2) a Chinese airline dual-listed in both the Chinese and U.S. markets, with different levels of information disclosure discretion; and 3) ownership types such as state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs with different regulatory pressure. We find that the more liberal the management’s discretion regarding information disclosure and the higher the government’s regulatory pressure, the higher the MD&A quality. Although requiring more forward-looking information in the MD&A is also conducive to enhancing quality, the impact of regulations on MD&A quality is weaker than that of the first two measures. The results have important implications for regulatory agencies. Promulgating legal provisions, such as the safe harbour provision and improving regulatory pressure, is more efficient for augmenting MD&A quality than modifying regulations.
摘要本文比较了1)韩国和中国航空公司在各自国家管理讨论与分析部门(MD&A)的差异;2)中国航空公司在中美两地上市,信息披露自由裁量权不同;3)国有企业和非国有企业等所有制类型,监管压力不同。研究发现,管理层信息披露自由裁量权越宽松,政府监管压力越大,并购质量越高。虽然要求管理层进行更多前瞻性信息也有利于提高质量,但法规对管理层进行质量的影响要弱于前两项措施。研究结果对监管机构具有重要意义。颁布法律条文(例如安全港条文)和改善规管压力,比修改规管更能有效地提高MD&A的质素。
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引用次数: 0
The provincial border, information costs, and stock price crash risk 省际、信息成本和股价崩盘风险
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2091061
Lidan Li, Wenbin Long, Jun Hu, Xianzhong Song
ABSTRACT Based on externalities in the allocation of interprovincial resources, we examine how geographic location affects firms’ access to resources and thus their information disclosure and stock price crash risk. The results show that border firms have a higher stock price crash risk than non-border firms. Mechanism tests find that border firms have lower available credit, higher financing costs, smaller fiscal subsidies, higher accrual earnings management, lower accounting conservatism, and a more positive tone in the management discussion and analysis section of the annual report. This indicates that resource shortages and aggressive information disclosure are important drivers of their higher stock price crash risk. Additional tests find no border effect in the borders of integrated areas or borders of areas adjacent to municipalities. Accelerating the digital transformation of the government and the information infrastructure construction, and strengthening external governance can partially alleviate the stock price crash risk of border firms.
摘要基于省际资源配置中的外部性,本文研究了地理位置如何影响企业对资源的获取,进而影响其信息披露和股价崩盘风险。结果表明,边境企业的股价崩盘风险高于非边境企业。机制检验发现,边境公司具有较低的可用信贷、较高的融资成本、较小的财政补贴、较高的应计盈余管理、较低的会计稳健性,并且在年度报告的管理讨论和分析部分具有更积极的基调。这表明,资源短缺和激进的信息披露是其股价崩盘风险较高的重要驱动因素。另外的试验发现,在综合地区的边界或与城市相邻的地区边界没有边界效应。加快政府数字化转型和信息基础设施建设,加强外部治理,可以部分缓解边境企业股价崩盘风险。
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引用次数: 1
Manufacturing background CEOs and corporate cost management: evidence from listed manufacturing firms 制造业背景ceo与企业成本管理:来自制造业上市公司的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2105676
Guochao Yang, Yize Hu
ABSTRACT Manufacturing is fundamental to the real economy. Given the central role of cost management in the manufacturing industry, we study the role of people in firms’ cost management. We find that manufacturing background CEOs significantly decrease cost stickiness. The results can be explained by a manufacturing background CEO’s focus on corporate cost management and his superior ability to choose flexible production to accelerate inventory flow and mitigate the bullwhip effect. We also show that the impact of manufacturing background CEOs on cost stickiness is more prominent in firms with high demand uncertainty, high economic policy uncertainty, high asset intensity, or low customer concentration. Finally, we report evidence that CEOs with manufacturing and finance backgrounds are associated with less cost stickiness, thus confirming the critical role of business-finance integration in cost management. In sum, these findings highlight the importance of talents in building a powerful manufacturing country.
制造业是实体经济的基础。鉴于成本管理在制造业中的核心作用,我们研究人员在企业成本管理中的作用。我们发现制造业背景的ceo显著降低了成本粘性。这一结果可以解释为制造业背景的CEO对企业成本管理的关注,以及他选择灵活生产以加速库存流动和减轻牛鞭效应的卓越能力。在需求不确定性高、经济政策不确定性高、资产强度高或客户集中度低的企业中,制造业背景ceo对成本粘性的影响更为突出。最后,我们报告了具有制造业和金融背景的ceo成本粘性较低的证据,从而证实了业务-财务整合在成本管理中的关键作用。总之,这些发现突出了人才在建设一个强大的制造业国家中的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Does industry-specific information disclosure improve trade credit financing? 行业信息披露是否促进了贸易信贷融资?
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2086028
Guifeng Shi
ABSTRACT This paper examines the influence of the staggered implementation of the Industry Information Disclosure Guidelines on trade credit financing. Using a sample of China’s A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2019, I show that firms obtain significantly more trade credit from their suppliers when they disclose industry-specific information. The main results are robust to numerous additional checks. The positive association is more pronounced when the firm’s financing constraints are stronger, the concentration of suppliers is lower, and the level of social trust and the degree of marketization are higher. Furthermore, this paper finds that the positive association is more pronounced for firms with weaker information transparency and corporate governance, indicating that the Guidelines play a role through the information effect and governance effect. The study enriches the research on the economic consequences of industry-specific information disclosure and the factors affecting trade credit financing.
摘要本文研究了《行业信息披露指引》交错实施对贸易信贷融资的影响。利用2007年至2019年中国a股上市公司的样本,我发现当公司披露行业特定信息时,他们从供应商那里获得了更多的贸易信用。主要结果对于许多额外的检查是可靠的。当企业融资约束越强、供应商集中度越低、社会信任水平和市场化程度越高时,这种正相关关系越明显。此外,本文还发现,对于信息透明度和公司治理水平较低的企业,这种正相关关系更为明显,说明《指引》通过信息效应和治理效应发挥作用。本研究丰富了行业特定信息披露的经济后果和贸易信贷融资影响因素的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Mixed-ownership reform and deleveraging of state-owned enterprises: Degree and methods 混合所有制改革与国有企业去杠杆:程度与方法
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2082723
Yulan Wang, Xiaochen Dou, Zhiyi Liu
ABSTRACT Based on data of state-owned enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange from 2007 to 2018, this study examines how mixed-ownership reform affects the deleveraging behaviour of state-owned enterprises (hereafter, SOEs). We find that the higher the degree of equity balance between state-owned shareholders and non-state-owned shareholders of SOEs, the more inclined they are to choose to deleverage. As for the methods of deleveraging, they are more inclined to choose retained earnings and current debt repayment in the deleveraging process. Furthermore, this effect is more pronounced for SOEs with excess leverage, in low marketisation regions and pronounced for both centre SOEs and local SOEs. We also find that mixed-ownership reform increases deleveraging SOEs’ operating performance. The results suggest that mixed-ownership reform can efficiently promote the deleveraging behaviour of SOEs in positive ways.
摘要基于2007年至2018年在上海和深圳证券交易所上市的国有企业的数据,本研究考察了混合所有制改革如何影响国有企业(以下简称国企)的去杠杆行为。我们发现,国有企业的国有股东和非国有股东之间的股权平衡程度越高,他们就越倾向于选择去杠杆。至于去杠杆的方法,他们在去杠杆过程中更倾向于选择留存收益和当期债务偿还。此外,这种影响在杠杆率过高的国有企业、低市场化地区更为明显,在中央国有企业和地方国有企业中也更为明显。我们还发现,混合所有制改革提高了去杠杆国有企业的经营业绩。研究结果表明,混合所有制改革能够以积极的方式有效地促进国有企业的去杠杆行为。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
China Journal of Accounting Studies
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