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Compensation regulation and political promotion of executives of state-owned enterprises——Quasi-natural experiment based on the reform of compensation regulation in China 国有企业高管薪酬规制与政治晋升——基于中国薪酬规制改革的准自然实验
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2082719
Jun Bai, Chuang Li, Shasha Li, Weiting Luo
ABSTRACT Using a sample of listed state-owned enterprises in China from 2013 to 2018, this paper focuses on the impacts of compensation regulation policy on the changes of incentive mode for SOE executives. We find that after the policy, the compensation incentive channel for highly-paid executives has been replaced by political promotion as an alternative incentive mechanism. Further analysis shows that ingratiatory behaviour has become the main channel for SOE executives to seek promotion after the policy. Our results provide support for the relationship hypothesis relating to the political promotion of SOE executives, and such effects are more pronounced within younger SOE executives with lower enterprise level and marketisation degree. Finally, we find that the existence of alternative benefit acquisition channels such as equity incentive, perquisite consumption and the degree of mixed ownership reform of SOE has weakened the relationship between compensation regulation and political promotion of SOE executives.
本文以2013 - 2018年中国国有上市企业为样本,研究薪酬监管政策对国有企业高管激励模式变化的影响。我们发现,政策实施后,高收入高管的薪酬激励渠道已经被政治晋升所取代,成为另一种激励机制。进一步分析表明,在政策出台后,讨好行为已成为国企高管寻求晋升的主要渠道。我们的研究结果支持了国企高管政治晋升的关系假设,并且这种影响在企业级别和市场化程度较低的年轻国企高管中更为明显。最后,我们发现股权激励、在职消费以及国企混合所有制改革程度等替代性利益获取渠道的存在削弱了国企高管薪酬监管与政治晋升的关系。
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引用次数: 1
Tax enforcement and corporate donations: evidence from Chinese ‘Golden Tax Phase III’ 税收执法与企业捐赠:来自中国“金税第三阶段”的证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2053375
Zhi Jin, Chenghao Huang
ABSTRACT Using the implementation of “Golden Tax Phase III” as a quasi-natural experiment, we take the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine how changes in taxation technology affect firm donations. Specifically, “Golden Tax Phase III” has reduced the donation level of private enterprises (−21.6%). Moreover, the treatment effect is particularly pronounced in regions with low taxation capacity and enterprises with high tax avoidance. Additional tests show that enhanced tax enforcement decreases rent-seeking donations rather than squeezes out market-oriented donations, and the reduction of donations is not due to the deterioration of cash flow capacity. Overall, these results suggest that the improvement of taxation technology will restrict rent-seeking behaviour and regulate the corporate social responsibility activities of the enterprises. This study not only enriches the relevant research on tax enforcement and corporate social responsibility but also emphasises the significant impact of information infrastructure construction.
摘要以“金税第三阶段”的实施为准自然实验,我们采用差异中的差异(DID)方法来检验税收技术的变化如何影响企业捐赠。具体而言,“金税三期”降低了民营企业的捐赠水平(−21.6%)。此外,在税收能力较低的地区和避税率较高的企业,处理效果尤其明显。额外的测试表明,加强税收执法减少了寻租捐款,而不是挤出市场化捐款,捐款的减少并不是因为现金流能力的恶化。总体而言,这些结果表明,税收技术的改进将限制寻租行为,规范企业的社会责任活动。本研究不仅丰富了税收执法和企业社会责任的相关研究,而且强调了信息基础设施建设的重大影响。
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引用次数: 3
Large shareholders’ tunneling and stock price crash risk 大股东挖隧道和股价崩盘风险
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2022.2082717
Shangkun Liang, Yanfeng Jiang, Junli Yu, Wei Xu
ABSTRACT Tunnelling by large shareholders is a problem representative of ownership concentration. Large shareholders may interfere with a firm’s information disclosure to support their tunnelling behaviour, causing a high stock price crash risk. Using listed companies in China from 2001 to 2019 as a sample, we find that more severe tunnelling can lead to a higher risk of stock price crashes. Moreover, we investigate potential factors such as internal control, operational performance, and split-share reforms, that may affect the aforementioned relationship. A high level of internal control and good operational performance will weaken the relationship, and the relationship is stronger before split-share reforms. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the relationship given China’s institutional background and better investor protection.
大股东掘进是股权集中的典型问题。大股东可能会干预公司的信息披露,以支持他们的隧道行为,从而导致高股价崩盘风险。以2001 - 2019年中国上市公司为样本,我们发现越严重的隧道效应导致股价崩盘的风险越高。此外,我们还研究了可能影响上述关系的潜在因素,如内部控制、经营绩效和股权分置改革。高水平的内部控制和良好的经营业绩会削弱二者之间的关系,股权分置改革前二者之间的关系更强。鉴于中国的制度背景和更好的投资者保护,本研究的结果有助于更好地理解这一关系。
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引用次数: 0
Financial ecological environment and internal audit outsourcing: evidence from survey in China 金融生态环境与内部审计外包——来自中国的调查证据
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009175
Jing Du, Wanfu Li, B. Lin, Donghui Wu
ABSTRACT This paper examines the determinants of internal audit outsourcing from the macro perspective of financial ecological environment. We find that in regions with a poor financial ecological environment, firms are more likely to outsource internal audit and more inclined to outsource to other service providers than to accounting firms that provide financial report audit services for them. Furthermore, those firms with high financing constraints and non-state-owned firms are more likely to outsource internal audit in poor financial ecological environments. Firms outsourcing internal audit in poor financial ecological environments will have low debt financing costs. These results suggest firms in weak financial ecological environments tend to use internal audit outsourcing to enhance investor confidence and reduce financing costs. This paper helps expand the literature related to the determinants of internal audit outsourcing from a macro perspective, and provide a reference for improving the resource-allocation efficiency of the governance-oriented internal audit.
本文从金融生态环境的宏观视角考察了内部审计外包的决定因素。我们发现,在金融生态环境较差的地区,与为其提供财务报告审计服务的会计师事务所相比,会计师事务所更有可能将内部审计外包,更倾向于外包给其他服务提供商。此外,那些融资约束较高的公司和非国有公司更有可能在糟糕的金融生态环境中外包内部审计。在金融生态环境较差的情况下,外包内部审计的企业债务融资成本较低。这些结果表明,金融生态环境较弱的公司倾向于使用内部审计外包来增强投资者信心,降低融资成本。本文有助于从宏观角度扩展与内部审计外包决定因素相关的文献,为提高治理导向内部审计的资源配置效率提供参考。
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引用次数: 1
Financial background of controlling shareholder and corporate financialization 控股股东与公司金融化的金融背景
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009177
Xiangyan Shi, Danlu Bu, Caihong Wen, Zong Lan
ABSTRACT This paper studies the effect of the controlling shareholder’s financial background on the corporate financialization. We find that controlling shareholder’s financial background has a significant positive impact on corporate financialization, and the positive impact is more obvious in credit advantage firms and firms with poor institutional environment and real investment environment. Firms with financial controlling shareholders will increase long-term value reserving financial investment, and firms’ financialization trend with lower financing constraints is more sensitive to controlling shareholders’ financial background, suggesting that speculating is the essential motivation of firms’ financialization, rather than precautionary saving. The mechanism test shows that controlling shareholder’s financial background mainly promotes corporate financialization by increasing the financial long-term equity investments at the parent company level. Finally, there is an inverted U relationship between corporate financialization and investment efficiency, and the marginal effect of corporate financialization on investment efficiency is greater in firms with financial shareholders.
摘要本文研究控股股东财务背景对公司金融化的影响。研究发现,控股股东财务背景对企业金融化具有显著的正向影响,且这种正向影响在信用优势企业、制度环境和实际投资环境较差的企业中更为明显。金融控股股东的企业会增加长期价值储备性金融投资,融资约束较低的企业金融化趋势对控股股东的金融背景更为敏感,说明投机是企业金融化的根本动机,而非预防性储蓄。机制检验表明,控股股东财务背景主要通过增加母公司层面的财务长期股权投资来促进公司金融化。最后,公司金融化与投资效率之间存在倒U型关系,并且在拥有金融股东的企业中,公司金融化对投资效率的边际效应更大。
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引用次数: 6
Dividend from subsidiaries and the agency cost of business groups 子公司分红和业务集团代理成本
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009176
Liangliang Wang, Haiyang Zhang, Lu Zhang, Xiru Guo
ABSTRACT The subsidiary’s profit distribution results in the cash transfer from the subsidiary to the parent company. We investigate the effect of this cash transfer on the business group’s agency cost. Using the sample of A-share listed companies in China from 2006 to 2017, we find that the profits distributed by subsidiaries lead to the decrease of the agency costs of the business group as a whole. The channel analysis reveals that the profits are transferred to parent company whose governance efficiency is relatively higher and the total free cash flows are reduced. Further research finds that the agency cost reduced effect is more significant in business groups with higher subsidiary business importance and subsidiary debt financing importance, and in groups with lower growth of the subsidiary. Finally, we report that the subsidiary’s profit distribution has value-added effect. This paper generates new insights into the “black box” of the internal operation of business groups and provides comprehensive implications for policy makers.
摘要子公司的利润分配导致子公司向母公司的现金转移。我们调查了这种现金转移对企业集团代理成本的影响。利用2006年至2017年中国A股上市公司的样本,我们发现子公司分配的利润导致企业集团整体代理成本的降低。渠道分析表明,利润向母公司转移,母公司治理效率相对较高,总自由现金流减少。进一步研究发现,代理成本降低效应在子公司业务重要性和子公司债务融资重要性较高的企业集团以及子公司增长率较低的企业集团中更为显著。最后,我们报告了子公司的利润分配具有增值效应。本文对企业集团内部运作的“黑匣子”产生了新的见解,并为决策者提供了全面的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Does high-speed rail stimulate shareholder activism by small investors in China? 高铁是否刺激了中国小投资者的股东激进主义?
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009178
Qiong Wang, Kemin Wang
ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of high-speed rail (HSR) introduction in China on small investors’ on-site participation in shareholders’ general meetings, which is used to measure the ‘inverse distance–participation syndrome’. We find that HSR introductionhas a significantly positive effect on small investors’ on-site attendance. The poorer the transportation infrastructure connecting other cities before HSR introduction, the shorter the distance between HSR station and the firm’s headquarters after HSR introduction, and the more nonlocal investors the firm has, the higher the attendance rate. Small shareholder activism that arises with HSR introduction results in a higher likelihood of proposal rejection, fewer tunnelling by large shareholders, and less earnings manipulation. Overall, our results show that HSR introduction reduces monitoring costs for small shareholders and increases their on-site participation. Our findings provide important implications for policymakers on encouraging small shareholder activism.
摘要本研究调查了中国高铁(HSR)引入对小投资者现场参与股东大会的影响,该影响用于衡量“逆向距离-参与综合症”。我们发现,高铁引入对小投资者的现场参与有显著的正向影响。高铁引入前连接其他城市的交通基础设施越差,高铁引入后高铁站与公司总部之间的距离就越短,公司的外地投资者越多,出勤率就越高。随着高铁的引入,小股东的积极性导致提案被拒绝的可能性更高,大股东的隧道挖掘更少,收益操纵更少。总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,高铁的引入降低了小股东的监控成本,并增加了他们的现场参与度。我们的研究结果为政策制定者鼓励小股东积极行动提供了重要启示。
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引用次数: 2
Internet of things adoption, earnings management, and resource allocation efficiency 物联网采用、盈余管理和资源配置效率
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009180
Xiongyuan Wang, Luofan Bu, Xuan Peng
ABSTRACT This study aims at addressing the economic consequences of the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) in China. As the fundamental technology for the next-generation information technology, IoT is supposed to have the most profound and comprehensive influence on both business operation and accounting information environment. By using a difference-in-differences method, our findings focusing on earnings management activities in China-listed firms around the adoption of IoT confirm the conjecture that such technology effectively deters accrual-based and real earnings management. The results are also robust to dynamic analysis, instrumental variable approach, PSM analysis, placebo tests and other robustness tests. Furthermore, we also document that the reduction in real earnings management due to IoT adoption has positive implications on the capital market, financing and investment activities and long-term operational efficiency. Taken together, we reveal the promising prospects of IoT adoption on corporate accounting information and establish the association between information technology and efficiency of resource allocation.
摘要本研究旨在探讨中国采用物联网(IoT)的经济后果。物联网作为下一代信息技术的基础技术,被认为对企业运营和会计信息环境都有着最深刻、最全面的影响。通过使用差异中的差异方法,我们对中国上市公司在采用物联网前后的盈余管理活动的研究结果证实了这样一种猜测,即这种技术有效地阻止了基于权责发生制和真实的盈余管理。结果对动态分析、工具变量法、PSM分析、安慰剂测试和其他稳健性测试也具有稳健性。此外,我们还记录了由于物联网的采用而导致的实际收益管理的减少对资本市场、融资和投资活动以及长期运营效率产生了积极影响。总之,我们揭示了物联网在企业会计信息方面的应用前景,并建立了信息技术与资源配置效率之间的联系。
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引用次数: 3
Inter-regional M&As, home bias and the post-merger performance 区域间并购、本土偏见与并购后绩效
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.2009179
Shuwei Sun, Tusheng Xiao, Yulong Yang, Xincheng Wang
ABSTRACT The under-performance of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) resulting from impairment of goodwill is of great interest to regulators and investors. This study investigates the performance of M&As from the perspective of home bias. The results indicate that (1) Post-merger performance is worse when purchased companies are in high-level executives’ hometowns. (2) When located in the executives’ hometown, listed companies pay higher premiums, and further loss of goodwill occurs in the following years. Integration efficiency after M&As is lower, as reflected in the higher degree of excess employees. (3) Cross-sectional analyses indicate that M&A under-performance only occurs when the province has a low level of market development, listed companies are non-state-owned enterprises, or listed companies’ executives are older. (4) Interactive effect test results suggest that fund holding, analyst following and media coverage can alleviate the negative impact of home bias on long-term performance.
摘要商誉减值导致的并购业绩不佳,是监管机构和投资者关注的焦点。本研究从家庭偏见的角度考察并购绩效。研究结果表明:(1)当被并购公司位于高层管理人员的家乡时,并购后的绩效较差。(2) 当位于高管家乡时,上市公司支付更高的溢价,并且在接下来的几年中会出现进一步的商誉损失。并购后的整合效率较低,体现在员工过剩程度较高。(3) 横断面分析表明,只有当该省市场发展水平较低、上市公司为非国有企业或上市公司高管年龄较大时,才会出现业绩不佳的并购。(4) 交互效应测试结果表明,基金持有、分析师关注和媒体报道可以缓解家庭偏见对长期业绩的负面影响。
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引用次数: 2
Does industrial policy suppress corporate tax avoidance? —— a study on the perspective of provincial industrial policy 产业政策会抑制企业避税吗?----省级产业政策视角研究
Q4 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/21697213.2021.1980954
T. Zhang, Xinmin Zhang, Daoguang Yang
ABSTRACT Will industrial policy affect corporate tax avoidance? Based on China’s listed corporations which are in the current stage of industrial transformation and upgrading, this paper investigates how the provincial industrial policy impact corporate tax avoidance. The results show that provincial industrial policy can suppress corporate’s incentive to avoid tax and this relationship is stronger in non-SOE group. Further study finds that the release of provincial policy enhances the prospect of influenced industries, leading the improvement of firm performance, helping firms obtain more government subsidies and bank loans and finally suppress corporate tax avoidance. On the other hand, industrial policy is a crucial channel through which listed firms can build political connections with local government. To maintain the relationship with local government, the affected firms are willing to suppress corporate tax avoidance.
摘要产业政策会影响企业避税吗?本文以我国正处于产业转型升级阶段的上市公司为研究对象,考察了省级产业政策对企业避税行为的影响。结果表明,省级产业政策能够抑制企业的避税动机,且这种关系在非国有企业集团中更为强烈。进一步研究发现,省级政策的发布增强了受影响行业的前景,引导了企业绩效的改善,帮助企业获得更多的政府补贴和银行贷款,最终抑制了企业避税。另一方面,产业政策是上市公司与地方政府建立政治联系的重要渠道。为了维持与地方政府的关系,受影响的公司愿意抑制企业避税行为。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
China Journal of Accounting Studies
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