Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter08ac.id
Gu M, Yan W, L. S, L. L
The urbanization process leads to continuous rapid expansion of urban scale and urban population, which causes “urban diseases”. Urban green space improves the ecological environment and further ameliorates the quality of public services. However, due to the contradiction between the rapid expansion of urban requirement and increasingly tight resources, it is difficult to build a large amount of green space, and it is hard to fully provide its ecological restoration and public services. The contradiction between the residents’ healthy living demands and the green space insufficient development becomes more prominent. Therefore, Therefore, in order to improve the efficient and sustainable development of green spaces and explore effective underground space utilization strategies, this paper applies a systematic review and comprehensive analysis method, focusing on the utilization strategy of the underground space of the urban green space, aiming to resolve the urban crisis and promote the health function of green space. This paper proposes three steps for the utilization of urban green space and underground space:1) rational and orderly development planning; 2) multiple and complex utilization functions; 3) an ecologically harmonious built environment. The findings of the study provide the right way to protect and utilize surface and underground landscapes and green spaces in a rapidly urbanizing China, while being able to further promote urban development.
{"title":"UTILIZATION STRATEGIES OF URBAN GREEN SPACE AND UNDERGROUND SPACE\u0000UNDER HIGH-DENSITY URBANIZATION","authors":"Gu M, Yan W, L. S, L. L","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter08ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter08ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"The urbanization process leads to continuous rapid expansion of urban scale and urban\u0000population, which causes “urban diseases”. Urban green space improves the ecological\u0000environment and further ameliorates the quality of public services. However, due to the\u0000contradiction between the rapid expansion of urban requirement and increasingly tight\u0000resources, it is difficult to build a large amount of green space, and it is hard to fully\u0000provide its ecological restoration and public services. The contradiction between the\u0000residents’ healthy living demands and the green space insufficient development becomes\u0000more prominent. Therefore, Therefore, in order to improve the efficient and sustainable\u0000development of green spaces and explore effective underground space utilization\u0000strategies, this paper applies a systematic review and comprehensive analysis method,\u0000focusing on the utilization strategy of the underground space of the urban green space,\u0000aiming to resolve the urban crisis and promote the health function of green space. This\u0000paper proposes three steps for the utilization of urban green space and underground\u0000space:1) rational and orderly development planning; 2) multiple and complex utilization\u0000functions; 3) an ecologically harmonious built environment. The findings of the study\u0000provide the right way to protect and utilize surface and underground landscapes and\u0000green spaces in a rapidly urbanizing China, while being able to further promote urban\u0000development.","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91317334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter04ac.id
Almawaldi, M. K.
The aim of this paper is to study the sustainability of future physical learning environments and their adaptability to the changes in the learning and teaching methods in the 21st century. This paper analyses several theories on the sustainability of the physical design of learning spaces in order to collect the main variables for data analysis. The methodology in this study consists of a visual observation that is conducted in Putra Future Classroom (PFC) in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) in order to make a comparison between the variables and the existing physical design elements in PFC. This paper is based on an ongoing study that aims to assess the physical design of PFC and its role in improving the learning experience of the students and indirectly increases the quality of higher education in UPM. The findings of this paper could lead to create guidelines for improving the sustainability of the physical learning environment in UPM and other public universities in Malaysia which can help to improve the quality of higher education in Malaysian universities.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF AN INNOVATIVE PHYSICAL LEARNING\u0000ENVIRONMENT IN PUTRA FUTURE CLASSROOM, UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA","authors":"Almawaldi, M. K.","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter04ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter04ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to study the sustainability of future physical learning environments\u0000and their adaptability to the changes in the learning and teaching methods in the 21st\u0000century. This paper analyses several theories on the sustainability of the physical design of\u0000learning spaces in order to collect the main variables for data analysis. The methodology\u0000in this study consists of a visual observation that is conducted in Putra Future Classroom\u0000(PFC) in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) in order to make a comparison between the\u0000variables and the existing physical design elements in PFC. This paper is based on an\u0000ongoing study that aims to assess the physical design of PFC and its role in improving the\u0000learning experience of the students and indirectly increases the quality of higher education\u0000in UPM. The findings of this paper could lead to create guidelines for improving the\u0000sustainability of the physical learning environment in UPM and other public universities\u0000in Malaysia which can help to improve the quality of higher education in Malaysian\u0000universities.","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80655937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter07ac.id
Sanjeh Kumar Raman, S. A. Zakaria
Arulmigu Kamatchi Amman Devasthanam in Penang is the sole Vishwakarma community temple in Malaysia, and it marks an entry into the world of Pathars; the traditional Tamil goldsmiths, a sub-ethnic group within the local Indian diaspora. The conception of this temple as “devasthanam” or “place of God”, by the Pathars, implores this study to explore this community temple as a place. This study frames the temple and the lived experience a person has in it as a unit of analysis. The primary data comes from ethnographic study that involves participant observation and spatial study. The secondary data is drawn from document and photo reviews alongside the writings of pioneering Indian art historians. The findings of this study are chronicled as a narrative account to reveal this temple as a dimension of the local Pathar community’s lifeworld and to understand how it develops into a locus that gathers human experience, insideness and identity formation through the conception of Hindu temple as a synergy of form, meaning and use. The findings of this study not only record this temple as a space of specific cultural continuity, but highlights the need to recognize the diversity and differences within Indian diaspora
{"title":"TEMPLE AS PLACE: THE PATHARS AND THEIR DEVASTHANAM AS A UNIT OF ANALYSIS","authors":"Sanjeh Kumar Raman, S. A. Zakaria","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter07ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter07ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"Arulmigu Kamatchi Amman Devasthanam in Penang is the sole Vishwakarma community temple in Malaysia, and it marks an entry into the world of Pathars; the traditional\u0000Tamil goldsmiths, a sub-ethnic group within the local Indian diaspora. The conception\u0000of this temple as “devasthanam” or “place of God”, by the Pathars, implores this study\u0000to explore this community temple as a place. This study frames the temple and the lived\u0000experience a person has in it as a unit of analysis. The primary data comes from ethnographic study that involves participant observation and spatial study. The secondary data\u0000is drawn from document and photo reviews alongside the writings of pioneering Indian art\u0000historians. The findings of this study are chronicled as a narrative account to reveal this\u0000temple as a dimension of the local Pathar community’s lifeworld and to understand how\u0000it develops into a locus that gathers human experience, insideness and identity formation\u0000through the conception of Hindu temple as a synergy of form, meaning and use. The\u0000findings of this study not only record this temple as a space of specific cultural continuity,\u0000but highlights the need to recognize the diversity and differences within Indian diaspora","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86597586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter02ac.id
Mohammad Reza Rezaimoghadam, Nooradin Dabiri, S. Davoodi
Proper public transportation can reduce personal trip demand and result in less time allocated to driving and ultimately, decrease traffic load and environmental pollution. Today, the high rate of personal property ownership and its consequently increased traffic volumes have led to numerous problems, such as air pollution, reduce in fossil fuel resources, destruction of green spaces for road construction and decreased environmental quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the variables of the theory of planned behavior including attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on citizens using public transportation vehicles. In this research, a questionnaire was provided to citizens of Gorgan, north of Iran. 650 questionnaires were distributed among different schools of the city. The students were asked to hand out the questionnaires to their parents to answer. At last, 362 questionnaires were collected of which 339 were confirmed and later evaluated by statistical analyses via SPSS software. The three main variables of the theory of planned behavior, i.e., attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, have significant effect on the citizens’ intention using public transportation as their main choice. It was also found that among the factors influencing the intention of using public transportation, attitude plays the most important role. Another finding was that the subjective norm could have a significant effect on the behavior of citizens in using public transportation. Likewise, perceived behavioral control has a direct relation with the main behavior of citizens, yet its impact is not so high. The results indicated that those who used more public transportation were more aware of its benefits than others. It was also realized that in case of resolving some defects of public transportation, they will be more willing to use it. Regarding the ease or difficulty of using such public services, the findings revealed that the respondents had a desirable behavior about public transportation, but still some problems needed to be addressed. The results also indicated that subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had less impact on the attitude of the citizens in Gorgan, so more careful planning should be made on these two variables, that is, measures such as social pressures from authorities, influential individuals, as well as parents should be taken into account. It can be facilitated by increasing the possibilities of using public transport system.
{"title":"PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION USERS’ BEHAVIOR BASED ON THEORY OF PLANNED\u0000BEHAVIOR","authors":"Mohammad Reza Rezaimoghadam, Nooradin Dabiri, S. Davoodi","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter02ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter02ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"Proper public transportation can reduce personal trip demand and result in less time allocated to\u0000driving and ultimately, decrease traffic load and environmental pollution. Today, the high rate of\u0000personal property ownership and its consequently increased traffic volumes have led to numerous\u0000problems, such as air pollution, reduce in fossil fuel resources, destruction of green spaces for road\u0000construction and decreased environmental quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the\u0000effect of the variables of the theory of planned behavior including attitude, subjective norm, and\u0000perceived behavioral control on citizens using public transportation vehicles. In this research, a\u0000questionnaire was provided to citizens of Gorgan, north of Iran. 650 questionnaires were distributed\u0000among different schools of the city. The students were asked to hand out the questionnaires to\u0000their parents to answer. At last, 362 questionnaires were collected of which 339 were confirmed\u0000and later evaluated by statistical analyses via SPSS software. The three main variables of the\u0000theory of planned behavior, i.e., attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, have\u0000significant effect on the citizens’ intention using public transportation as their main choice. It\u0000was also found that among the factors influencing the intention of using public transportation,\u0000attitude plays the most important role. Another finding was that the subjective norm could have\u0000a significant effect on the behavior of citizens in using public transportation. Likewise, perceived\u0000behavioral control has a direct relation with the main behavior of citizens, yet its impact is not\u0000so high. The results indicated that those who used more public transportation were more aware\u0000of its benefits than others. It was also realized that in case of resolving some defects of public\u0000transportation, they will be more willing to use it. Regarding the ease or difficulty of using such\u0000public services, the findings revealed that the respondents had a desirable behavior about public\u0000transportation, but still some problems needed to be addressed. The results also indicated that\u0000subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had less impact on the attitude of the citizens in\u0000Gorgan, so more careful planning should be made on these two variables, that is, measures such\u0000as social pressures from authorities, influential individuals, as well as parents should be taken\u0000into account. It can be facilitated by increasing the possibilities of using public transport system.","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84132939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter05ac.id
N. Miladan, T. Istanabi
Paths, including roads and rivers, are the main elements determining urban form. The understanding of the urban paths’ typologies could explain the urban form transformations. Surakarta as case study, is a Javanese city has experienced the urban function change from royal city into modern city. This research aims to understand the paths typologies influence towards the urban form transformations relating to the urban function change. The data gathered from study documents including cartographies, photographs and historical documents, and also field observations utilizing google streets views. The data is composed through the periodization from 19th Century to recent era. It relates to the government authorities in Indonesia including kingdom era, colonial era, and Indonesian government era. The data sources are explored by the descriptive qualitative method and the spatial analysis method. The research revealed that the transformations of urban paths forms have been occurred, and these transformations are in conjunction with the urban function change. The essential factors influencing those transformations are transportation system modernization, flood risk reduction, and urban expansion. This research enhanced the comprehension of the urban function change being correlated to urban form transformation occurring in Indonesian cities.
{"title":"URBAN PATHS TRANSFORMATION IN SURAKARTA: FROM ROYAL CITY TO MODERN\u0000CITY","authors":"N. Miladan, T. Istanabi","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter05ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter05ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"Paths, including roads and rivers, are the main elements determining urban form. The\u0000understanding of the urban paths’ typologies could explain the urban form transformations.\u0000Surakarta as case study, is a Javanese city has experienced the urban function change\u0000from royal city into modern city. This research aims to understand the paths typologies\u0000influence towards the urban form transformations relating to the urban function change.\u0000The data gathered from study documents including cartographies, photographs and\u0000historical documents, and also field observations utilizing google streets views. The\u0000data is composed through the periodization from 19th Century to recent era. It relates\u0000to the government authorities in Indonesia including kingdom era, colonial era, and\u0000Indonesian government era. The data sources are explored by the descriptive qualitative\u0000method and the spatial analysis method. The research revealed that the transformations\u0000of urban paths forms have been occurred, and these transformations are in conjunction\u0000with the urban function change. The essential factors influencing those transformations\u0000are transportation system modernization, flood risk reduction, and urban expansion. This\u0000research enhanced the comprehension of the urban function change being correlated to\u0000urban form transformation occurring in Indonesian cities.","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73974218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter03ac.id
Mohd Shahrizal Dolah, Mohamad Amaluddin Amran, A. Yusof, S. Shahbudin, Raja Ahmad Azmeer Raja Ahmad Effendi, Saiful Hasley Ramly
This paper has investigated a practice-led design method for product designers in designing a new mountain bike (MTB) pedal. According to the World Bank, it is estimated, there are already more than two billion bikes in use around the world in 2017 and the number increasing every year. The main objective of the study is to understand the cause of an accident and to provide design factors for a designer in developing a new MTB pedal. Fieldwork done in Malaysia from 2018 to 2020 revealed that, 85.2% of mountain bike riders involved in an accident (physical injuries) during bike event that course by the mishandling of bike pedal. Direct observation and action design research was adopted as the main research method where the author involved actively participating in MTB event to gain the main data. Product design specifications were listed that could help in reducing physical injuries among mountain bike riders (MBR). Eight design factors were listed as the main design priority in the product design specification. The product design specifications (PDS) were used as design guidance for designer in developing a new MTB pedal that could meet the requirement and the preferences of the mountain bike riders.
{"title":"PRACTICE-LED: DESIGN FACTOR ANALYSIS IN DEVELOPING NEW MOUNTAIN BIKE\u0000(MTB) PEDAL","authors":"Mohd Shahrizal Dolah, Mohamad Amaluddin Amran, A. Yusof, S. Shahbudin, Raja Ahmad Azmeer Raja Ahmad Effendi, Saiful Hasley Ramly","doi":"10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter03ac.id","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/ac.15.1.chapter03ac.id","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has investigated a practice-led design method for product designers in\u0000designing a new mountain bike (MTB) pedal. According to the World Bank, it is estimated,\u0000there are already more than two billion bikes in use around the world in 2017 and the\u0000number increasing every year. The main objective of the study is to understand the cause\u0000of an accident and to provide design factors for a designer in developing a new MTB\u0000pedal. Fieldwork done in Malaysia from 2018 to 2020 revealed that, 85.2% of mountain\u0000bike riders involved in an accident (physical injuries) during bike event that course by the\u0000mishandling of bike pedal. Direct observation and action design research was adopted\u0000as the main research method where the author involved actively participating in MTB\u0000event to gain the main data. Product design specifications were listed that could help in\u0000reducing physical injuries among mountain bike riders (MBR). Eight design factors were\u0000listed as the main design priority in the product design specification. The product design\u0000specifications (PDS) were used as design guidance for designer in developing a new MTB\u0000pedal that could meet the requirement and the preferences of the mountain bike riders.","PeriodicalId":37227,"journal":{"name":"Alam Cipta","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76652480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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