tHeat waves (HWs) are one of the most important atmospheric events that negatively affect human health. In this study, HWs which occurred between May 1 and September 30, 2019 in Fethiye Province (SW Turkey) were investigated for their effects on human health. For this purpose, as a first step, percentile-based threshold criteria and at least three consecutive days' methodology were applied to the daily maximum temperatures to identify HWs. Using these criteria, a total of 3 HWs (HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3) with lengths of 6, 7, and 5 days, respectively, were found in 2019. In statistical analyses, hospital data recorded on HW days (including the 3 lag days) on reference days were compared using the logarithmic Z test method. Hospital data between May 1 and September 30 in the 5 years between 2014 and 2018 were used as reference data. As a result, in the 3 HWs that occurred in 2019, the risk ratios (RRs) and their confidence intervals in HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3 at hospital admissions were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.12), 1.11 (95% CI: 1.08-1.14), and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09-1.16), (p < 0.05), respectively. When the effect of HW on death was examined, the RR values and confidence intervals in HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3 were 1.90 (95% CI: 1.04-3.46), 1.96 (95% CI: 1.03-3.75), and 2.18 (95% CI: 1.13-4.20), (p < 0.005), respectively. As a result, it was found that a total of 22 extra deaths occurred when three HWs were recorded in 2019. When the deaths were analysed by age, it was seen that the most affected group was the elderly (≥65 years), accounting for 82% of deaths. It was determined that 64% of the deaths were male, and 36% were female. These results show that HWs in Fethiye are an important natural disaster that negatively affects human health.
{"title":"The Impacts of Heat Waves on Hospital Admissions and Mortality in the Fethiye Province of Turkey.","authors":"Yunus Ozturk, Hakki Baltaci, Bülent Oktay Akkoyunlu","doi":"10.1159/000530747","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>tHeat waves (HWs) are one of the most important atmospheric events that negatively affect human health. In this study, HWs which occurred between May 1 and September 30, 2019 in Fethiye Province (SW Turkey) were investigated for their effects on human health. For this purpose, as a first step, percentile-based threshold criteria and at least three consecutive days' methodology were applied to the daily maximum temperatures to identify HWs. Using these criteria, a total of 3 HWs (HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3) with lengths of 6, 7, and 5 days, respectively, were found in 2019. In statistical analyses, hospital data recorded on HW days (including the 3 lag days) on reference days were compared using the logarithmic Z test method. Hospital data between May 1 and September 30 in the 5 years between 2014 and 2018 were used as reference data. As a result, in the 3 HWs that occurred in 2019, the risk ratios (RRs) and their confidence intervals in HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3 at hospital admissions were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.12), 1.11 (95% CI: 1.08-1.14), and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09-1.16), (<i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively. When the effect of HW on death was examined, the RR values and confidence intervals in HW 1, HW 2, and HW 3 were 1.90 (95% CI: 1.04-3.46), 1.96 (95% CI: 1.03-3.75), and 2.18 (95% CI: 1.13-4.20), (<i>p</i> < 0.005), respectively. As a result, it was found that a total of 22 extra deaths occurred when three HWs were recorded in 2019. When the deaths were analysed by age, it was seen that the most affected group was the elderly (≥65 years), accounting for 82% of deaths. It was determined that 64% of the deaths were male, and 36% were female. These results show that HWs in Fethiye are an important natural disaster that negatively affects human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"94-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47567620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the name suggests, this work by João Martins e Silva, a retired Full Professor of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, and its former director, has as its main objective the detailed study – determinants, context, evolutionary process, responses, and consequences – of the bubonic plague epidemic that took place in the city of Porto in the last half of 1899. But, in fact, this work is much more than that. It is a detailed, well-documented, and informative account of the history of the great “pestilences” – the great threats to Public Health – from antiquity to the end of the 19th century, in search of manifestations of what is recognized as plague epidemics: a wave of people who become seriously ill in a community, with swellings in the lymph nodes, particularly in the groin, but also in the armpits – the “buboes” – preceded by the appearance of a substantial quantity of dead rats, in that same community (greatly simplifying). Hence, the characterization of the three historically identifiable plague pandemics was as follows: the “Plague of Justinian,” in the middle of the first millennium after Christ, the “Black Death,” in the 14th century, and the third that hit Europe in the 19th century. The Porto epidemic of 1899 was the last clear manifestation of this third pandemic in Europe. This is also the story of the genesis of the “microbiological theory of disease,” from the first microscopic observations of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) to the microbiological work of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) and his collaborators in France and the team of Robert Koch (1843–1910) in Germany. It is always fascinating to observe how difficult it was to overcome entrenched explanatory conceptions such as the miasmatic origin of a disease or the “spontaneous generation” (non-transmission) of pathogens. In this context, follows the identification of the plague bacillus by a collaborator of Pasteur, Alexandre Yersin (1863–1943), a Swiss doctor and researcher of French origin, when already living in Indochina, goes to Hong Kong, in the grip of the plague epidemic, and identifies Yersinia pestis (1894). And then came the vaccine and the anti-plague serum. Four years later, Paul-Louis Simond (1858–1947) discovered the transmission mechanism, from infected rats to humans, via fleas. Finally, there is Europe, Portugal, and Porto. A bipolar world: great progress in the sciences, arts, technology, new forms of communication and transport on the one hand, and, on the other, poverty, insalubrity, unemployment, often miserable living conditions, crass ignorance of much of the population, with the singular backwardness of the institutions of public administration, education, health, and government (“cemeterial city” as Ricardo Jorge called his city, due to its insalubrity and health indices lower than those of other cities of his time). The work articulately describes the main ingredients of the events concerning the plague epidemic in the city of Oporto in
顾名思义，这项工作由里斯本大学医学院退休正教授、前院长jo o Martins e Silva完成，其主要目标是详细研究1899年下半年在波尔图市发生的黑死病流行的决定因素、背景、进化过程、反应和后果。但事实上，这项工作远不止于此。它详细、有据可查、内容翔实地叙述了从古代到19世纪末的重大"瘟疫"——对公共卫生的重大威胁——的历史，以寻找公认的鼠疫流行的表现形式。一群人在一个社区里得了重病，淋巴结肿大，特别是在腹股沟，但也在腋窝——“淋巴结”——之前，在同一个社区里出现了大量的死老鼠(大大简化)。因此，历史上可识别的三次瘟疫大流行的特征如下:“查士丁尼瘟疫”发生在公元后的第一个千年中期，“黑死病”发生在14世纪，第三次是在19世纪袭击欧洲。1899年的波尔图大流行是第三次大流行在欧洲的最后一次明显表现。这也是“疾病微生物学理论”起源的故事，从安东尼·范·列文虎克(1632-1723)的第一次微观观察到路易斯·巴斯德(1822-1895)及其在法国的合作者和德国的罗伯特·科赫(1843-1910)团队的微生物学工作。观察到克服诸如疾病的瘴气起源或病原体的“自发产生”(非传播)等根深蒂固的解释性概念是多么困难，总是令人着迷。然后是疫苗和抗鼠疫血清。四年后，保罗-路易斯·西蒙德(Paul-Louis Simond, 1858-1947)发现了由受感染的老鼠通过跳蚤传染给人类的传播机制。最后是欧洲、葡萄牙和波尔图。两极世界:一方面，在科学、艺术、技术、新形式的通讯和运输方面取得了巨大的进步，另一方面，贫穷、不健康、失业、往往悲惨的生活条件、大部分人口的无知，以及公共管理、教育、卫生和政府机构的落后(里卡多·豪尔赫称他的城市为“坟墓之城”，因为它的不健康和健康指数低于他那个时代的其他城市)。这部作品清晰地描述了1899年波尔图市鼠疫流行事件的主要因素。它以一种系统的、详细的和极好记录的方式进行，并通过适当选择的图像(摄影和其他)加以说明。在这些成分中，我们将在此强调以下几点:•在波尔图流行病爆发前大约5年就已经确定了引起黑死病的微生物剂，而主要的传播过程，即从老鼠到跳蚤和从跳蚤到人，在这次大流行开始前一年就已经描述了。此外，翻译的工具和文化，从科学知识到医疗实践，远不如我们的时代有效(尽管仍然不完善)。结果是怀疑和
{"title":"Book Review","authors":"C. Sakellarides","doi":"10.1159/000530457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530457","url":null,"abstract":"As the name suggests, this work by João Martins e Silva, a retired Full Professor of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon, and its former director, has as its main objective the detailed study – determinants, context, evolutionary process, responses, and consequences – of the bubonic plague epidemic that took place in the city of Porto in the last half of 1899. But, in fact, this work is much more than that. It is a detailed, well-documented, and informative account of the history of the great “pestilences” – the great threats to Public Health – from antiquity to the end of the 19th century, in search of manifestations of what is recognized as plague epidemics: a wave of people who become seriously ill in a community, with swellings in the lymph nodes, particularly in the groin, but also in the armpits – the “buboes” – preceded by the appearance of a substantial quantity of dead rats, in that same community (greatly simplifying). Hence, the characterization of the three historically identifiable plague pandemics was as follows: the “Plague of Justinian,” in the middle of the first millennium after Christ, the “Black Death,” in the 14th century, and the third that hit Europe in the 19th century. The Porto epidemic of 1899 was the last clear manifestation of this third pandemic in Europe. This is also the story of the genesis of the “microbiological theory of disease,” from the first microscopic observations of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) to the microbiological work of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) and his collaborators in France and the team of Robert Koch (1843–1910) in Germany. It is always fascinating to observe how difficult it was to overcome entrenched explanatory conceptions such as the miasmatic origin of a disease or the “spontaneous generation” (non-transmission) of pathogens. In this context, follows the identification of the plague bacillus by a collaborator of Pasteur, Alexandre Yersin (1863–1943), a Swiss doctor and researcher of French origin, when already living in Indochina, goes to Hong Kong, in the grip of the plague epidemic, and identifies Yersinia pestis (1894). And then came the vaccine and the anti-plague serum. Four years later, Paul-Louis Simond (1858–1947) discovered the transmission mechanism, from infected rats to humans, via fleas. Finally, there is Europe, Portugal, and Porto. A bipolar world: great progress in the sciences, arts, technology, new forms of communication and transport on the one hand, and, on the other, poverty, insalubrity, unemployment, often miserable living conditions, crass ignorance of much of the population, with the singular backwardness of the institutions of public administration, education, health, and government (“cemeterial city” as Ricardo Jorge called his city, due to its insalubrity and health indices lower than those of other cities of his time). The work articulately describes the main ingredients of the events concerning the plague epidemic in the city of Oporto in","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"162 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43643564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000530673
Sylwia Frączek, Lara Noronha Ferreira
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all societies, and its effects relate not only to physical health but also to mental health, social relations, and the economic situation of the population all over the world. This research aims at studying the perceptions of changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in mental health, economic situation, and social relations among Polish and Portuguese young. The present study also sought to assess the perception of change during the pandemic in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Polish and Portuguese young adults.
Methods: A sample of young adults (aged 18-29) from Poland (n = 330) and Portugal (n = 189) filled in an online questionnaire composed of the EQ-5D-5L, some questions from the SHARE COVID-19 questionnaire regarding mental health, social relations, and economic situation, and sociodemographic details. Descriptive analyses, χ2 tests, Student's t test, and Fisher's exact test were used to study the existence of differences between Poles and Portuguese.
Results: Almost 2 years after the beginning of the pandemic, Polish and Portuguese respondents reported a perceived lower level of HRQoL in comparison to the times before the outbreak of COVID-19. Both Polish and Portuguese respondents perceived an increase in sleeping problems since the outbreak and in loneliness. Respondents from both countries reported a perception of a decrease in the frequency of meeting other people and a perceived economic deterioration.
Conclusion: The results indicate what factors are contributing to the worsening of the general living situation of the respondents and show that governments and health authorities should, in addition to the medical consequences of the virus, take the necessary measures to mitigate the long-term consequences of the virus. Authorities should, as well, pay special attention to the group of young adults who, in this uncertain time, are trying to make the most important decisions for their development.
{"title":"Psychological, Social, and Economic Burden of COVID-19: A Comparison of Polish and Portuguese Young Adults.","authors":"Sylwia Frączek, Lara Noronha Ferreira","doi":"10.1159/000530673","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all societies, and its effects relate not only to physical health but also to mental health, social relations, and the economic situation of the population all over the world. This research aims at studying the perceptions of changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in mental health, economic situation, and social relations among Polish and Portuguese young. The present study also sought to assess the perception of change during the pandemic in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Polish and Portuguese young adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of young adults (aged 18-29) from Poland (<i>n</i> = 330) and Portugal (<i>n</i> = 189) filled in an online questionnaire composed of the EQ-5D-5L, some questions from the SHARE COVID-19 questionnaire regarding mental health, social relations, and economic situation, and sociodemographic details. Descriptive analyses, χ<sup>2</sup> tests, Student's <i>t</i> test, and Fisher's exact test were used to study the existence of differences between Poles and Portuguese.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost 2 years after the beginning of the pandemic, Polish and Portuguese respondents reported a perceived lower level of HRQoL in comparison to the times before the outbreak of COVID-19. Both Polish and Portuguese respondents perceived an increase in sleeping problems since the outbreak and in loneliness. Respondents from both countries reported a perception of a decrease in the frequency of meeting other people and a perceived economic deterioration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate what factors are contributing to the worsening of the general living situation of the respondents and show that governments and health authorities should, in addition to the medical consequences of the virus, take the necessary measures to mitigate the long-term consequences of the virus. Authorities should, as well, pay special attention to the group of young adults who, in this uncertain time, are trying to make the most important decisions for their development.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"34-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65303735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000530093
Jesus D C Gil, Pedro Manuel Vargues Aguiar
Background: Latin America has registered cases in children under 14 years of age, which seem few compared to older age groups but are relevant since the child and youth population have been indirectly receiving the most decisive impact of the pandemic. Ensuring the most significant protection for this age group is essential.
Methods: This is an ecological study of 10 Latin American and the Caribbean countries to study protecting children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the information from UNICEF, a coverage analysis was done, and a new variable score was proposed. Also, a multiple linear regression model was tailored to evaluate the relationship between confirmed cases by 100k of COVID-19 (0-14 year population) and the performance of the countries and some key indicators.
Results: A strong and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.79; p value 0.005) between the increased coverage of child helplines and a greater number of school closures. Relationship of confirmed cases by COVID-19 and stringency index with a coef B = -2163.6, [CI -3122.1; -1205.1]; p value = 0.010. Cases and healthcare access with a coef B = -17459.7, [CI -25630.1; -9289.5].
Conclusions: Experts say other pandemics will come, and this emergency must be turned into an opportunity. It is vital to strengthen protection programs for the population, especially vulnerable people, such as children and young people.Resumo.
{"title":"Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Some Protection Aspects of 10 Latin American and Caribbean Countries.","authors":"Jesus D C Gil, Pedro Manuel Vargues Aguiar","doi":"10.1159/000530093","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Latin America has registered cases in children under 14 years of age, which seem few compared to older age groups but are relevant since the child and youth population have been indirectly receiving the most decisive impact of the pandemic. Ensuring the most significant protection for this age group is essential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an ecological study of 10 Latin American and the Caribbean countries to study protecting children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the information from UNICEF, a coverage analysis was done, and a new variable score was proposed. Also, a multiple linear regression model was tailored to evaluate the relationship between confirmed cases by 100k of COVID-19 (0-14 year population) and the performance of the countries and some key indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong and statistically significant correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.79; <i>p</i> value 0.005) between the increased coverage of child helplines and a greater number of school closures. Relationship of confirmed cases by COVID-19 and stringency index with a coef B = -2163.6, [CI -3122.1; -1205.1]; <i>p</i> value = 0.010. Cases and healthcare access with a coef B = -17459.7, [CI -25630.1; -9289.5].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experts say other pandemics will come, and this emergency must be turned into an opportunity. It is vital to strengthen protection programs for the population, especially vulnerable people, such as children and young people.Resumo.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65303429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16eCollection Date: 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1159/000530426
Eduardo Costa, Diogo Conceição, Francisco Von Hafe, Christopher Millett
{"title":"The First Quantification of the Carbon Footprint of the Portuguese National Health Service: A Positive but Insufficient Step Forward.","authors":"Eduardo Costa, Diogo Conceição, Francisco Von Hafe, Christopher Millett","doi":"10.1159/000530426","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"81-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47964764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000530024
Victor Ramos
{"title":"Public Health, Clinical Governance, and Governance for Health and Well-Being.","authors":"Victor Ramos","doi":"10.1159/000530024","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65303365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000529147
Rita Carvalho, Liliana Sousa, João Tavares
Background: Loneliness is a public health problem that affects many older adults. The subjective nature of loneliness challenges its assessment. Thus, assessing loneliness with valid and reliable instruments is crucial to characterizing the phenomenon and planning adequate interventions.
Summary: This study mapped the instruments validated for the Portuguese older population that assess loneliness. A scoping review was performed. The search for studies was carried out in SciELO, PsycInfo, Scopus, MEDLINE, MedicLatina, Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, CINAHL, and Open Access Scientific Repositories of Portugal. The findings showed three instruments validated for the Portuguese older population: ULS-16, ULS-6, and SELSA-S.
Key messages: Future testing of those instruments is required to update and accumulate psychometric evidence. In addition, it is important to translate and validate other instruments to the Portuguese older adults population, namely de Jong Gierveld and UCLA-R (most used internationally), as well as the ALONE scale (new and brief).
背景:孤独是影响许多老年人的公共卫生问题。孤独的主观性对其评估提出了挑战。因此，用有效和可靠的工具评估孤独对于描述现象和规划适当的干预措施至关重要。摘要:本研究绘制了葡萄牙老年人评估孤独感的有效工具。执行了范围审查。在SciELO、PsycInfo、Scopus、MEDLINE、MedicLatina、Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive、CINAHL和Open Access Scientific Repositories of Portugal中进行了研究检索。研究结果显示有三种仪器适用于葡萄牙老年人:ULS-16、ULS-6和SELSA-S。关键信息:这些仪器的未来测试需要更新和积累心理测量证据。此外，为葡萄牙老年人翻译和验证其他工具也很重要，即de Jong Gierveld和UCLA-R(国际上最常用)，以及ALONE量表(新的和简短的)。
{"title":"Instruments for Assessing Loneliness in Older People in Portugal: A Scoping Review: Instrumentos de avaliação da solidão em adultos mais velhos em Portugal: uma scoping review.","authors":"Rita Carvalho, Liliana Sousa, João Tavares","doi":"10.1159/000529147","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000529147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Loneliness is a public health problem that affects many older adults. The subjective nature of loneliness challenges its assessment. Thus, assessing loneliness with valid and reliable instruments is crucial to characterizing the phenomenon and planning adequate interventions.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This study mapped the instruments validated for the Portuguese older population that assess loneliness. A scoping review was performed. The search for studies was carried out in SciELO, PsycInfo, Scopus, MEDLINE, MedicLatina, Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, CINAHL, and Open Access Scientific Repositories of Portugal. The findings showed three instruments validated for the Portuguese older population: ULS-16, ULS-6, and SELSA-S.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Future testing of those instruments is required to update and accumulate psychometric evidence. In addition, it is important to translate and validate other instruments to the Portuguese older adults population, namely de Jong Gierveld and UCLA-R (most used internationally), as well as the ALONE scale (new and brief).</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"45-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42023322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Healthcare services for elderly populations in Indonesia have been arranged in both institutional and community services. However, only a small number of elderly individuals reside in this residential aged care home setting because of cultural norms in Indonesian communities. Poor health infrastructure is still the main constraint, particularly in rural communities, although they have the adequate social capital to deal with restrictions. It is important to explore the existing implementation of healthcare services for elderly populations in rural Indonesia to shed light on appropriate policy interventions. This review aimed to identify and synthesize relevant evidence in Indonesia regarding the barriers and enablers of healthcare for elderly individuals in rural settings.
Methods: This study used a qualitative evidence synthesis method. The search strategy aimed to locate published studies. An initial limited search of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted to identify articles on the topic that were published in English from 2010 to 2020. A meta-aggregation approach was used to pool qualitative study findings, employing JBI SUMARI software.
Results: Four synthesized statements emerged from the study analysis: (1) integration needs among institutional and community-based healthcare for elderly people in rural areas, (2) the quality of integrated health services for elderly populations must be improved, (3) community support will improve and ensure the sustainability and implementation of community-based healthcare for elderly populations, and (4) community and family awareness must be improved to support care for the elderly. These were substantial insights that can be used to address key challenges in existing healthcare services and improve the system by considering specific features of enablers and barriers.
Conclusion: A collaboration between communities, healthcare institutions, families, and government authorities was needed to support the success of the program and maintain the sustainability of services, which will result in adequate healthcare for the elderly population and improved health overall in rural Indonesia.
导言:印度尼西亚的老年人口保健服务安排在机构和社区服务中。然而，由于印尼社区的文化规范，只有少数老年人居住在这种养老院环境中。卫生基础设施差仍然是主要制约因素，特别是在农村社区，尽管他们有足够的社会资本来应对限制。探索印度尼西亚农村老年人保健服务的现有实施情况，以阐明适当的政策干预措施是很重要的。本综述旨在识别和综合印度尼西亚有关农村老年人保健障碍和促进因素的相关证据。方法:本研究采用定性证据综合方法。搜索策略旨在定位已发表的研究。我们对PubMed、Web of Science、ScienceDirect、Embase、PsycINFO和CINAHL进行了初步有限的搜索，以确定2010年至2020年以英文发表的有关该主题的文章。采用meta-aggregation方法汇总定性研究结果，采用JBI SUMARI软件。结果:从研究分析中得出四个综合结论:(1)农村地区机构和社区老年卫生保健的整合需求;(2)老年人口综合卫生服务质量有待提高;(3)社区支持将改善并确保社区老年卫生保健的可持续性和实施;(4)必须提高社区和家庭对老年卫生保健的支持意识。这些都是重要的见解，可用于解决现有医疗保健服务中的关键挑战，并通过考虑促成因素和障碍的特定特征来改进系统。结论:需要社区、保健机构、家庭和政府当局之间的合作，以支持该方案的成功并保持服务的可持续性，这将为老年人提供充分的保健，并改善印度尼西亚农村地区的整体健康状况。
{"title":"Enablers and Barriers of Healthcare Services for Community-Dwelling Elderly in Rural Indonesia: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis: Facilitadores e barreiras dos serviços de saúde para os idosos das comunidades nas zonas rurais da Indonésia: uma síntese qualitativa das provas.","authors":"Budi Aji, Siti Masfiah, Dian Anandari, Arih Diyaning Intiasari, Dyah Anantalia Widyastari","doi":"10.1159/000530047","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Healthcare services for elderly populations in Indonesia have been arranged in both institutional and community services. However, only a small number of elderly individuals reside in this residential aged care home setting because of cultural norms in Indonesian communities. Poor health infrastructure is still the main constraint, particularly in rural communities, although they have the adequate social capital to deal with restrictions. It is important to explore the existing implementation of healthcare services for elderly populations in rural Indonesia to shed light on appropriate policy interventions. This review aimed to identify and synthesize relevant evidence in Indonesia regarding the barriers and enablers of healthcare for elderly individuals in rural settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a qualitative evidence synthesis method. The search strategy aimed to locate published studies. An initial limited search of PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted to identify articles on the topic that were published in English from 2010 to 2020. A meta-aggregation approach was used to pool qualitative study findings, employing JBI SUMARI software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four synthesized statements emerged from the study analysis: (1) integration needs among institutional and community-based healthcare for elderly people in rural areas, (2) the quality of integrated health services for elderly populations must be improved, (3) community support will improve and ensure the sustainability and implementation of community-based healthcare for elderly populations, and (4) community and family awareness must be improved to support care for the elderly. These were substantial insights that can be used to address key challenges in existing healthcare services and improve the system by considering specific features of enablers and barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A collaboration between communities, healthcare institutions, families, and government authorities was needed to support the success of the program and maintain the sustainability of services, which will result in adequate healthcare for the elderly population and improved health overall in rural Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"65-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11320630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48066647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000530515
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000527722.].
[此处更正了文章 DOI：10.1159/000527722]。
{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000530515","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000530515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000527722.].</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1159/000528664
Margarida Espírito-Santo, Tânia Nascimento, Ezequiel Pinto, M Dulce Estêvão
In the European Union, all medicines must include appropriate labelling and the respective patient information leaflet (PIL), which is the most reachable source of medicine's information for patients. This document includes a set of information understandable by their potential users and complementary to the information provided by health professionals. The ageing of the Portuguese population raises the need for the appropriateness of medicine's information for older consumers, taking into account their specific needs arising from physiological changes impacting drug action. This project aimed to analyse the content of medicines' PILs, specifically directed at older persons. A sample of medicines was selected considering the 100 active substances more consumed in Portugal by patients with chronic pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. The analysis included readability, legibility, and content (directly and indirectly related to the use of medicines by older persons). A total of 69 PILs were analysed, and it was observed that the information provided about the drugs was included in most of these PILs (95.7%; n = 66) but without any specific information for patients belonging to different age groups. Signalling-specific warnings for older persons were only available in less than half of the PILs (46.4%; n = 32). The presence of relevant information on the appropriate use of the drug such as the recommended dose was only specified for older persons in 28% (n = 19) of the analysed PILs. The information available in PILs which can be considered as specifically directed to older persons is relatively scarce, even in areas as critical as the instructions for use. Hopefully, these results will contribute to increasing awareness regarding the need to adapt PILs' content to specific consumers and to test them to guarantee that they are adequate for all potential consumers.
{"title":"Patient Information Leaflets of Drugs Used in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Suitability for Use by Older Persons.","authors":"Margarida Espírito-Santo, Tânia Nascimento, Ezequiel Pinto, M Dulce Estêvão","doi":"10.1159/000528664","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000528664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the European Union, all medicines must include appropriate labelling and the respective patient information leaflet (PIL), which is the most reachable source of medicine's information for patients. This document includes a set of information understandable by their potential users and complementary to the information provided by health professionals. The ageing of the Portuguese population raises the need for the appropriateness of medicine's information for older consumers, taking into account their specific needs arising from physiological changes impacting drug action. This project aimed to analyse the content of medicines' PILs, specifically directed at older persons. A sample of medicines was selected considering the 100 active substances more consumed in Portugal by patients with chronic pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. The analysis included readability, legibility, and content (directly and indirectly related to the use of medicines by older persons). A total of 69 PILs were analysed, and it was observed that the information provided about the drugs was included in most of these PILs (95.7%; <i>n</i> = 66) but without any specific information for patients belonging to different age groups. Signalling-specific warnings for older persons were only available in less than half of the PILs (46.4%; <i>n</i> = 32). The presence of relevant information on the appropriate use of the drug such as the recommended dose was only specified for older persons in 28% (<i>n</i> = 19) of the analysed PILs. The information available in PILs which can be considered as specifically directed to older persons is relatively scarce, even in areas as critical as the instructions for use. Hopefully, these results will contribute to increasing awareness regarding the need to adapt PILs' content to specific consumers and to test them to guarantee that they are adequate for all potential consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":37244,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Journal of Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42082879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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