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Influence of cutting parameters on the performance of plough during hard rock cutting in coal mining 煤矿硬岩切削时切削参数对犁性能的影响
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1388
S. Palaniappan, M. Chinnasamy, S. Pal, Rajasekar Rathanasamy
Abstract Coal ploughs have proved very successful on many faces in various parts of the world. Recently, there has been a general tendency in longwall working to increase the speed at which the machine progresses along the coal face. An increase in production rate demands enhances either due to depth of penetration or cutting speed. This, in turn, results in increasing power demand and also the force acting on an individual pick. To get maximum efficiency from a cutting machine, a number of parameters need to be investigated. The first and foremost thing of interest is naturally the pick geometry. The cutting force can be expected to depend mainly on the rack angle and clearance angle of the tool. The second parameter is the cutting depth, which when enhanced, increases the rate of advancement and, at the same time, results in enhanced cutting force. This results in large power demand and increases wear of picks. Thirdly, cutting speed, in which higher cutting speed will increase the production rate but at the same time is expected to enhance the power demand and the cutting force. This paper aims at investigating the cutting efficiency of the plough by simulating the coal cutting operation in the laboratory. The effect of three main parameters like pick geometry, cutting depth, and cutting speed, on cutting efficiency have been studied in detail. The cutting force elevates at a faster rate with an increase in depth at higher speeds. The percentage increase in force is nearly 20% for a speed increase of 20%.
摘要:在世界各地的许多地方,煤犁都是非常成功的。近年来,在长壁采煤中,有一种普遍的趋势是提高掘进机沿工作面前进的速度。由于切削深度或切削速度的增加,生产率要求的提高。这反过来又增加了动力需求和作用在单个挑片上的力。为了获得切割机的最大效率,需要研究许多参数。首先也是最重要的事情自然是pick几何。预计切削力主要取决于刀具的齿条角和间隙角。第二个参数是切削深度,当切削深度增加时,切削速度会加快,同时切削力也会增加。这导致了巨大的动力需求,并增加了镐的磨损。三是切削速度,其中切削速度越快,生产率越高,但同时也有望提高动力需求和切削力。本文通过对实验室采煤过程的模拟,研究了犁式采煤机的采煤效率。详细研究了镐形、切削深度和切削速度三个主要参数对切削效率的影响。在较高的切削速度下,随着切削深度的增加,切削力以更快的速度上升。速度每提高20%,力的百分比就增加近20%。
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引用次数: 1
Geophysical imprint of mining-induced rock mass deformation in the area of construction disaster in Bytom (Poland) 波兰Bytom建筑灾害区采动岩体变形的地球物理印记
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1386
A. Kotyrba, Łukasz Kortas
Abstract The paper presents the analysis of the results of geophysical surveys conducted in the mining area located in Bytom – Karb (USCB, Poland) in the aspect of identifying the causes of significant damage to the complex of inhabited tenement houses which occurred in 2011. The surveys were carried out by microgravimetric and GPR methods. The construction disaster was caused by the exploitation of one of the hard coal seams at a depth of about 800 m along the mining longwall running underneath the settlement. The terrain deformation parameters exceeded the forecasted values, and in several places discontinuities took linear forms along the diagonal directions to the front lines of the longwall. In addition to the sliding movement, the rotational movement appeared in the ground. As a consequence of spatially complex ground movements, some buildings suffered significant damage. The extent of the damage turned out to be catastrophic and immediate relocation of the inhabitants and demolition of the buildings became necessary. The article is an attempt to explain the nature and the causes of excessive terrain deformations in relation to those modeled on the basis of analysis and interpretation of geophysical data from the current measurements as well as archival maps and geological and mining cartography data.
摘要本文分析了在波兰Bytom - Karb (USCB)矿区进行的地球物理调查结果,以确定2011年发生的居民楼建筑群重大破坏的原因。测量采用微重力法和探地雷达法。这次施工灾难是由于沿沉降下的采矿长壁开采了深约800 m的一个硬煤层而造成的。地形变形参数超出预测值,部分地方不连续面沿对角线方向向长壁前缘呈线性分布。除了滑动运动外,地面还出现了旋转运动。由于空间上复杂的地面运动,一些建筑物遭受了严重的破坏。破坏的程度证明是灾难性的,必须立即重新安置居民和拆除建筑物。本文试图在分析和解释当前测量的地球物理数据以及档案地图和地质和采矿制图数据的基础上,解释地形过度变形的性质和原因。
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引用次数: 0
Status and prospects of fully mechanized mining technology in Vietnam coal mines from 2005 to 2020 2005 - 2020年越南煤矿综采技术现状与展望
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1383
Hai Duong Duc, Qu Hong, Viet Phan Van, Thang Ngo Van
Abstract This paper analyzes the achievement and the failures of applying the mechanized mining method in underground coal mines by the Vietnam National Coal – Mineral Industries Holding Corporation Ltd. (VINACOMIN) for 15 years (from 2005 to 2020). It also proposes the recommendations for developing mechanized mining in order to improve coal production, productivity and safety management for the sustainable development of Vietnam’s underground coal mining in the period 2021-2025
摘要本文分析了越南国家煤炭矿产工业控股有限公司(VINACOMIN)在2005年至2020年15年间在地下煤矿中应用机械化开采方法的成就和失败。它还提出了发展机械化开采的建议,以提高煤炭产量、生产力和安全管理,促进越南地下煤矿在2021-2025年期间的可持续发展
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the impacts of the transition from open-pit to underground mining on sustainable development indexes 评价露天转地下开采对可持续发展指标的影响
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1382
Naser Badakhshan, K. Shahriar, Sajjad Afraei, E. Bakhtavar
Abstract Sustainable development is about creating a balance between development and environment, and it consists of three essential principles: environment, society, and economy. Today, one of the most important challenges in deep open pit mines is the transition from open pit to underground, which has positive and negative impacts on sustainable development indexes. In order to reduce these adverse impacts, the impact of various parts of the transition operation on these indexes should be evaluated and corrective and preventive measures should be implemented. In this study, using a hybrid semi-quantitative approach, the effects of the transition in the Songun copper mine were evaluated. The obtained results showed that the transition in Songun copper mine has the greatest impact on the economic index of sustainable development with a value of 67.72 percent. In addition, the amount of impact of transition in this mine on environmental and social index is 41.74 and 39.84% respectively. In the meantime, the most significant impact was determined on components such as production rate and productivity, mine life, operation and capital cost, mineral value and income per ton of ore, mine closure (and reclamation) cost, Initial investment rate of returns, post–mining land use type.
可持续发展是指在发展与环境之间取得平衡,它包括环境、社会和经济三个基本原则。目前,深露天矿面临的最大挑战之一是露天转地下,露天转地下对其可持续发展指标有正、负两方面的影响。为了减少这些不利影响,应评价转轨作业各环节对这些指标的影响,并采取纠正和预防措施。本文采用混合半定量方法,对松郡铜矿的过渡效应进行了评价。结果表明,松郡铜矿转型对可持续发展经济指标的影响最大,达到67.72%。此外,该矿转型对环境和社会指标的影响程度分别为41.74%和39.84%。同时,确定对生产率和生产率、矿山寿命、经营和资金成本、矿物价值和每吨矿石收入、矿山关闭(和复垦)成本、初始投资回报率、开采后土地利用类型等组成部分的影响最为显著。
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引用次数: 1
Applications of UAVs in mine industry: A scoping review 无人机在矿山工业中的应用综述
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1384
D. Minh, Nguyen Ba Dung
Abstract In recent years, a variety of technologies have improved mining operations. One of them is the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the emerging technology that has been changing the mining process, boosting mining safety and productivity. The main purpose of this paper is to review the applications of UAVs in the mining industry based on the results of 113 research papers over the past twelve years, from 2010 to May 2022. The potential applications of UAVs in the mining industry are broad. Based on the paper identified, eight categories are used to classify UAV applications in the mining sector. The reviewed literature revealed that UAVs are an excellent tool for multitasking at any stage of a mining project and in any type of mine. The findings of this study may serve as some guidelines for developing the necessary requirements for the use of UAV technology in mine sites.
近年来,各种技术改善了采矿作业。其中之一是无人驾驶飞行器(uav),这一新兴技术一直在改变采矿过程,提高采矿安全性和生产率。本文的主要目的是基于2010年至2022年5月这12年间113篇研究论文的结果,对无人机在采矿业中的应用进行综述。无人机在采矿业的潜在应用是广泛的。在此基础上,对无人机在矿业领域的应用进行了八类分类。文献综述显示,无人机是在采矿项目的任何阶段和任何类型的矿山中进行多任务处理的优秀工具。这项研究的发现可以作为一些指导方针用于发展在地雷地点使用无人机技术的必要要求。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the post-mining land uses of former mine sites for sustainable purposes in South Africa 评价南非前矿区采矿后土地的可持续用途
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1381
S. E. Mhlongo
This paper uses a case study of an abandoned magnesite mine in the Limpopo Province of South Africa to find ways of identifying post-mining land used from the current uses of the abandoned mine sites or features. The approach used involved carrying out a field characterization of the mine site and documentation of the current uses of the features of the abandoned mine site. The technique used to identify the internal and external factors of the land uses involved analyzing their Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was used for further ranking of the land uses to identify the most post-mining or rehabilitation land uses for the different parts of the mine. Lastly, the earthwork requirement in reshaping the terrain of the mine to support the selected land uses was estimated from the 3D-terrain models generated from height data collected using a Real-Time Kinematic Geographical Positioning System. The results of the study identified land use that needs further surface development as the most appropriate for the abandoned Nyala Mine. These land uses demonstrated the potential of addressing the hazards of the mine with the clear promise of improving the socio-economic status of the host communities.
本文以南非林波波省的一个废弃菱镁矿为例,从废弃矿场或特征的当前用途中寻找识别开采后土地使用的方法。所采用的方法包括对地雷场址进行实地描述,并记录废弃地雷场址特征的目前使用情况。该技术用于识别土地利用的内部和外部因素,包括分析其优势、劣势、机会和威胁。利用层次分析法(AHP)对土地利用进行了进一步的排序,以确定矿山不同部分的开采后或复垦后最多的土地利用。最后,根据实时动态地理定位系统收集的高度数据生成的3d地形模型,估算了重塑矿山地形以支持选定土地用途所需的土方工程。研究结果表明,需要进一步进行地表开发的土地用途最适合废弃的尼亚拉矿。这些土地的使用显示了解决地雷危害的潜力,并明显有望改善东道社区的社会经济地位。
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引用次数: 0
Research on stability of rock mass and +30 level surface construction works when re-exploiting the seam H10 at Mong Duong Coal Mine, Vietnam 越南Mong Duong煤矿H10煤层再开采时岩体稳定性及+30水平地面施工工程研究
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1380
Tien Trung Vu, Doan Viet Dao
The re-exploitation of coal seams located near the ground is one of the solutions to increase output, reduce mining investment costs, and avoid wasting coal resources. The re-exploitation of coal seams will also cause instability of the surrounding rock mass and may affect surface construction works. Through the process of re-exploiting the longwall in seam H10 at Mong Duong Coal Mine, the authors have studied and evaluated the stability of the rock mass and +30 level surface works (including fan station and gateroad). To achieve the results in this study, the numerical simulation model method and the analytical method were applied. The model analysis results have determined that the displacement and deformation areas of the rock mass around the mining area correspond to the length of the cut in the strike direction of the longwall H10. The analysis and calculation results from the model show that the longwall in seam H10 can be re-exploited when leaving a protective coal pillar about 50 m from the center of the +30 fan station at the east side; this distance ensures the stability of the rock mass that located near the ground and the surface works at +30.
近地煤层的再开采是提高产量、降低开采投资成本、避免煤炭资源浪费的解决方案之一。煤层的再开采还会引起围岩失稳,影响地面施工。通过旺阳煤矿H10煤层长壁再开采过程,对岩体及+30水平地面工程(包括风机站和巷道)的稳定性进行了研究和评价。为了获得本研究的结果,采用了数值模拟模型法和解析法。模型分析结果确定了矿区周围岩体的位移变形区域与长壁H10走向方向上的切口长度相对应。模型分析计算结果表明,在距东侧+30风机站中心约50 m处留有保护煤柱时,H10煤层长壁可重新开采;这个距离保证了靠近地面的岩体的稳定性,地表工作在+30。
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引用次数: 0
Time variability of methane extraction from hard coal deposits in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) in relation to geological and mining conditions 上西里西亚煤盆地(波兰)硬煤矿床甲烷开采的时间变异性与地质和采矿条件的关系
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1379
S. Kędzior, M. Dreger
Abstract The extraction and economical use of methane from coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland (USCB) have shown a variable tendency in recent decades, with numerous fluctuations from year to year. In 2021, approximately 286 million m3 of methane was collected from coal mines, which accounted for approximately 40% of the total emissions of this gas to mine workings. Due to the fact that the economical use of coal mine methane brings environmental, economic and work safety benefits, increasing its extraction is an urgent need. Trends in changes in the amount of mined methane in the entire USCB and in the deposits where the most methane was extracted in the last 25 years were analysed. The most important potential factors influencing the variability of coal mine gas extraction were taken into account, i.e. elements of the geological structure, coal extraction, methane emissions, mining and technical conditions, etc. The directions for using the collected methane and the main consumers were discussed. The aim is to indicate the most important problems faced by coal mining in terms of the capture and management of methane over the last 25 years and to outline possible solutions.
近几十年来,波兰上西里西亚煤盆地(USCB)煤矿的甲烷开采和经济利用呈现出变化趋势,每年都有大量波动。2021年,从煤矿收集的甲烷约为2.86亿立方米,约占煤矿作业总排放量的40%。由于煤矿瓦斯的经济利用具有环境效益、经济效益和安全生产效益,因此迫切需要增加瓦斯的开采。分析了过去25年来整个USCB和开采甲烷最多的矿床的开采甲烷量的变化趋势。考虑了影响煤矿瓦斯开采变异性的最重要的潜在因素,即地质构造、煤炭开采、甲烷排放、开采和技术条件等因素。讨论了收集的甲烷的利用方向和主要用户。其目的是指出过去25年来煤矿开采在收集和管理甲烷方面所面临的最重要问题,并概述可能的解决办法。
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引用次数: 2
Diagnostic gold deportment studies and leaching behaviour of small-scale gold mining tailings from Eastern Region, Ghana 加纳东部地区小型金矿尾矿的诊断性金态研究和浸出行为
IF 1 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1375
I. Quaicoe, Martin Beyuo, Solomon Quaicoe, Nikao A. Lasidzi
Abstract Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) sector employs about 80% of the mining workforce but only contributes about 20-30% of Ghana’s gold production. The low gold production is linked to low recoveries associated with the activities because ofinadequate understanding of the chemical, mineralogical and metallurgical characteristics of the ores. This study examined the metallurgical characteristics of typical small-scale gold mining tailings to understand their grinding characteristics, gold deportment and cyanidation behaviour. The gold deportment results showed that 96.1% of the gold in the samples is free milling (can be leached directly with cyanide and recovered through carbon adsorption), whilst the remaining 3.9% of the gold in the samples is associated/locked up with other mineral phases (carbonates, sulphides, carbonaceous matter and quartz). The gold-by-size distribution also indicated that 73.1% of the gold is contained in coarser size fractions (+150 µm), 14.96% isfrom–150 µm to +75 µm size range, and 11.83% is contained in the finer size distribution (–75 µm). This suggests that incorporating a gravity recovery system during processing will be highly advantageous. The leaching kinetics results showed that gold recoveries achieved within 8, 16 and 24 h were 68, 73.8 and 76.4%, respectively. The corresponding total cyanide consumption rates after 8, 16 and 24 h of leaching were 550, 580 and 600 ppm, respectively. Generally, the gold recoveries and the cyanide consumption rates agree with industrial practices/results. Overall, the outcomes of the study support the view that some small-scale gold mining tailings are economically viable, and hence can be re-processed through efficient processes such as carbon-in-leach/carbon-in-pulp.
手工和小规模金矿(ASGM)行业雇佣了约80%的采矿劳动力,但仅贡献了约20-30%的加纳黄金产量。由于对矿石的化学、矿物学和冶金特性了解不足,与这些活动相关的低回收率与低黄金产量有关。研究了典型小型金矿尾矿的冶金学特征,以了解其磨矿特征、金态和氰化行为。金的物相分析结果表明,样品中96.1%的金是自由磨矿(可直接用氰化物浸出,通过碳吸附回收),其余3.9%的金与其他矿物相(碳酸盐、硫化物、碳质物质和石英)结合/锁相。金的粒度分布也表明,73.1%的金在较粗粒度(+150µm)中,14.96%的金在- 150µm ~ +75µm范围内,11.83%的金在较细粒度(-75µm)中。这表明在处理过程中加入重力回收系统将是非常有利的。浸出动力学结果表明,在8、16和24 h内金的回收率分别为68%、73.8%和76.4%。浸出8 h、16 h和24 h对应的总氰化物耗率分别为550、580和600 ppm。总的来说,金的回收率和氰化物的消耗率符合工业实践/结果。总体而言,研究结果支持这样一种观点,即一些小规模金矿尾矿在经济上是可行的,因此可以通过浸出碳/纸浆碳等有效工艺进行再处理。
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引用次数: 0
Acknowledgments of Reviewers 审稿人致谢
Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.46873/2300-3960.1378
{"title":"Acknowledgments of Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.46873/2300-3960.1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46873/2300-3960.1378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37284,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Mining","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135694922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Sustainable Mining
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