Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0424.PUB2
J. Agnew
{"title":"National and Regional Integration","authors":"J. Agnew","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0424.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0424.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121882854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0403.PUB2
T. Schwanen
{"title":"Information Technology and Mobility","authors":"T. Schwanen","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0403.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0403.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126889433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0351.PUB2
A. Maddrell
{"title":"Geographies of Death","authors":"A. Maddrell","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0351.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0351.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133588997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0712.PUB2
L. Petersen, M. Heynen, F. Pellicciotti
{"title":"Freshwater Resources: Past, Present, Future","authors":"L. Petersen, M. Heynen, F. Pellicciotti","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0712.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0712.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133666233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0085.pub2
Camille Gaskin‐Reyes
BRIEF FIRM DESCRIPTION: The ILO is the only “tripartite” United Nations agency in that it brings together representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies and programmes. The ILO is the global body responsible for drawing up and overseeing international labour standards. Working with its 184 member States, the ILO seeks to ensure that labour standards are respected in practice as well as principle
{"title":"Monitoring and Evaluation","authors":"Camille Gaskin‐Reyes","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0085.pub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0085.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"BRIEF FIRM DESCRIPTION: The ILO is the only “tripartite” United Nations agency in that it brings together representatives of governments, employers and workers to jointly shape policies and programmes. The ILO is the global body responsible for drawing up and overseeing international labour standards. Working with its 184 member States, the ILO seeks to ensure that labour standards are respected in practice as well as principle","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115357375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0395.PUB2
D. Thomas, F. Cottier, M. Brandon
The episodic freezing over of the surface waters is arguably the most striking feature of the Southern and Arctic Oceans as well as some subarctic oceans such as the Baltic and Okhotsk Seas. Millions of square kilometers are covered by ephemeral layers of ice that are on average less than 1 m thick. This pack ice is highly dynamic, drifting on the underlying ocean currents, and its distribution is greatly influenced by prevailing winds. The ice is not simply an impervious layer of frozen water, but does in fact provide a variety of habitats to create a productive biome which is pertinent in the biogeochemical processes in the surface waters and at the air–ocean interface.
{"title":"Sea Ice, Ice Drift, and Oceanic Circulation","authors":"D. Thomas, F. Cottier, M. Brandon","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0395.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG0395.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"The episodic freezing over of the surface waters is arguably the most striking feature of the Southern and Arctic Oceans as well as some subarctic oceans such as the Baltic and Okhotsk Seas. Millions of square kilometers are covered by ephemeral layers of ice that are on average less than 1 m thick. This pack ice is highly dynamic, drifting on the underlying ocean currents, and its distribution is greatly influenced by prevailing winds. The ice is not simply an impervious layer of frozen water, but does in fact provide a variety of habitats to create a productive biome which is pertinent in the biogeochemical processes in the surface waters and at the air–ocean interface.","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127586495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG1038.PUB2
E. Stratford
Across peoples and cultures, diverse capacities to remember, reflect, and communicate, and the compulsion to understand the world in which we live, gather as a combined force in storytelling and the use of narrative to hear and be heard. Oral history is a powerful qualitative research method to directly engage with and preserve the memories, stories, and knowledge of those still living. Using such field methods, practitioners are motivated to understand participants' direct experiences of the lifeworld, of place, and of space and spatiality. Furthermore they are concerned with the ways in which those experiences illuminate other important issues and events which, in the past, have appeared unremarkable. Oral history's capacity to uncover the extraordinary within the everyday empowers participants and audiences, and enables practitioners – geographers not least among them – to validate and value knowledge hitherto consigned to historical obscurity.
{"title":"Oral History and Narrative","authors":"E. Stratford","doi":"10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG1038.PUB2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118786352.WBIEG1038.PUB2","url":null,"abstract":"Across peoples and cultures, diverse capacities to remember, reflect, and communicate, and the compulsion to understand the world in which we live, gather as a combined force in storytelling and the use of narrative to hear and be heard. Oral history is a powerful qualitative research method to directly engage with and preserve the memories, stories, and knowledge of those still living. Using such field methods, practitioners are motivated to understand participants' direct experiences of the lifeworld, of place, and of space and spatiality. Furthermore they are concerned with the ways in which those experiences illuminate other important issues and events which, in the past, have appeared unremarkable. Oral history's capacity to uncover the extraordinary within the everyday empowers participants and audiences, and enables practitioners – geographers not least among them – to validate and value knowledge hitherto consigned to historical obscurity.","PeriodicalId":373518,"journal":{"name":"International Encyclopedia of Geography","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126910936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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