Agata Chaliburda, Logan Markwell, Paweł Wołosz, J. Sadowski
Abstract Introduction. This study focuses on the sensory information delivered by the visual system, particularly in the peripheral visual field (PVF). Visual abilities, especially the ability to detect peripheral information, have been identified as important factors for successful performance in team sports. Athletes often need to divide their visual focus between central and peripheral fields to achieve optimal performance. However, research on visual perception in athletes with varying levels of experience is still limited. The aim of the study was to compare peripheral perception of basketball players at different level of experience. Material and Methods. In study 165 basketball players took part at different level of experience. An analysis compare abilities general visual functions (i.e. field of vision) and reaction time to visual stimuli. Peripheral perception was examined using the peripheral test included in Vienna Test System (VTS, Schuhfried, Austria). During the test variables were recorded: total field of vision, viewing angle of the left and right eye., tracking deviation, number of correct reactions, the number of omitted responses and median reaction time – left and right stimuli. Results. The results indicate that the E and U19 groups had significantly shorter response time to stimuli appearing in the peripheral field of vision compared to U15 group. Two more experienced groups had bigger field of vision than U15. No statistically significant differences were observed between E and U19 group. Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of perceptual skills, particularly in anticipation and decision-making processes, for basketball players due to the high number of stimuli involved in the sport. Understanding these differences can inform training strategies and help identify areas that may require additional attention for optimal performance. The accumulation of high volume of sport specific exercises may facilitate the development of perceptual expertise in basketball players.
{"title":"Peripheral Vision in Basketball Players at Different Level of Experience","authors":"Agata Chaliburda, Logan Markwell, Paweł Wołosz, J. Sadowski","doi":"10.2478/pjst-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction. This study focuses on the sensory information delivered by the visual system, particularly in the peripheral visual field (PVF). Visual abilities, especially the ability to detect peripheral information, have been identified as important factors for successful performance in team sports. Athletes often need to divide their visual focus between central and peripheral fields to achieve optimal performance. However, research on visual perception in athletes with varying levels of experience is still limited. The aim of the study was to compare peripheral perception of basketball players at different level of experience. Material and Methods. In study 165 basketball players took part at different level of experience. An analysis compare abilities general visual functions (i.e. field of vision) and reaction time to visual stimuli. Peripheral perception was examined using the peripheral test included in Vienna Test System (VTS, Schuhfried, Austria). During the test variables were recorded: total field of vision, viewing angle of the left and right eye., tracking deviation, number of correct reactions, the number of omitted responses and median reaction time – left and right stimuli. Results. The results indicate that the E and U19 groups had significantly shorter response time to stimuli appearing in the peripheral field of vision compared to U15 group. Two more experienced groups had bigger field of vision than U15. No statistically significant differences were observed between E and U19 group. Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of perceptual skills, particularly in anticipation and decision-making processes, for basketball players due to the high number of stimuli involved in the sport. Understanding these differences can inform training strategies and help identify areas that may require additional attention for optimal performance. The accumulation of high volume of sport specific exercises may facilitate the development of perceptual expertise in basketball players.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43082638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2201272
T. Derriks, Karin Peters, van der Duim René
ABSTRACT In this article we use practice theory to examine kiteboarding as a routinised type of behaviour; a social practice. By ‘zooming in’ we show how kiteboarding involves the active and performative integration of particular meanings – especially an exhilarating ‘sensation of freedom’ – materials and competences, which have to be learned in order to become a practitioner. New materials, technological innovations and changed behaviours of practitioners have made the sport more safe, popular and accessible. Furthermore, a constant interplay between producers and consumers contributed to a variation in kiteboarding styles: freeriding, hydro-foiling, waving, freestyle and big air. ‘Zooming out’ allowed us to examine the relations between kiteboarding and other practices, such as swimming, lifesaving procedures and nature conservation. Whereas lifesaving procedures to a large extent have been integrated in the practice of kiteboarding, the relation with nature conservation still is rather tense. For this reason, we suggest nature conservationists and kiteboarders learn from each other in order to give each other ‘some space’.
{"title":"Kiteboarding: a practice approach","authors":"T. Derriks, Karin Peters, van der Duim René","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2201272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2201272","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article we use practice theory to examine kiteboarding as a routinised type of behaviour; a social practice. By ‘zooming in’ we show how kiteboarding involves the active and performative integration of particular meanings – especially an exhilarating ‘sensation of freedom’ – materials and competences, which have to be learned in order to become a practitioner. New materials, technological innovations and changed behaviours of practitioners have made the sport more safe, popular and accessible. Furthermore, a constant interplay between producers and consumers contributed to a variation in kiteboarding styles: freeriding, hydro-foiling, waving, freestyle and big air. ‘Zooming out’ allowed us to examine the relations between kiteboarding and other practices, such as swimming, lifesaving procedures and nature conservation. Whereas lifesaving procedures to a large extent have been integrated in the practice of kiteboarding, the relation with nature conservation still is rather tense. For this reason, we suggest nature conservationists and kiteboarders learn from each other in order to give each other ‘some space’.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90965746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2201259
K. Choi, S. Choi, Jaemin Kim
ABSTRACT Due to the risk of COVID-19, the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games were staged without spectators for the first time in modern Olympic history. Health risks, including pandemics such as COVID-19 and SARS, have caused a serious concern for event participants, stakeholders, and tourists. While seeking information on risks posed by particular destinations is an essential step when making travel decisions, especially during a pandemic, there is limited sport tourism research that scrutinized the relationship between prospective travellers’ health risk perceptions in the specific context of COVID-19. This article examines the relationship between prospective spectators’ risk perception toward COVID-19 and their information-seeking about the virus, with a specific focus on the moderating effect of spectators’ risk-taking tendency in the context of their intention to attend the Games. The study involved a survey of 240 South Korean and 286 American prospective spectators. Prospective spectators perceived COVID-19 as a source of severe risk, significantly decreasing their intention to travel to the destination. This study found positive associations between COVID-19 risk perception and information-seeking and between information-seeking and intent to attend. The results imply that information-seeking regarding the pandemic in the host region is an important predictor of prospective spectators’ attendance because seeking information demonstrates an intention to attend despite a perception of high risk. Furthermore, this paper makes a cross-national comparison of the implications of the moderating role of an individual’s risk-taking tendency.
{"title":"The influence of prospective event spectators’ risk-taking tendency on COVID-19 risk perception and information-seeking: the case of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games","authors":"K. Choi, S. Choi, Jaemin Kim","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2201259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2201259","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to the risk of COVID-19, the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games were staged without spectators for the first time in modern Olympic history. Health risks, including pandemics such as COVID-19 and SARS, have caused a serious concern for event participants, stakeholders, and tourists. While seeking information on risks posed by particular destinations is an essential step when making travel decisions, especially during a pandemic, there is limited sport tourism research that scrutinized the relationship between prospective travellers’ health risk perceptions in the specific context of COVID-19. This article examines the relationship between prospective spectators’ risk perception toward COVID-19 and their information-seeking about the virus, with a specific focus on the moderating effect of spectators’ risk-taking tendency in the context of their intention to attend the Games. The study involved a survey of 240 South Korean and 286 American prospective spectators. Prospective spectators perceived COVID-19 as a source of severe risk, significantly decreasing their intention to travel to the destination. This study found positive associations between COVID-19 risk perception and information-seeking and between information-seeking and intent to attend. The results imply that information-seeking regarding the pandemic in the host region is an important predictor of prospective spectators’ attendance because seeking information demonstrates an intention to attend despite a perception of high risk. Furthermore, this paper makes a cross-national comparison of the implications of the moderating role of an individual’s risk-taking tendency.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77200902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-16DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2201219
C. Aragonés-Jericó, Natalia Vila-López, I. Küster-Boluda
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions and emotions of the sports-fan tourists experienced during a mega sport event to analyse the influence exerted by a sports event on a sponsoring brand. An empirical study was performed by collecting information from 364 sport-fan tourists during the Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe. Results show that fans’ emotions, event perceived value, fans’ attitudes and sponsor perceived value are related terms. Moreover, to explain the success of a sponsoring brand, there are three relevant antecedents (attendees’ motivation, exposure to the event, and team identification). In comparison, two antecedents seem to be irrelevant (event involvement and sponsor familiarity). This investigation has made progress in researching the backgrounds that determine the sports-fan tourist behaviour in an integrated way to explain how a sponsoring brand can benefit from it.
{"title":"Tourists’ perceptions, emotions, and attitudes during a mega sport event","authors":"C. Aragonés-Jericó, Natalia Vila-López, I. Küster-Boluda","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2201219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2201219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions and emotions of the sports-fan tourists experienced during a mega sport event to analyse the influence exerted by a sports event on a sponsoring brand. An empirical study was performed by collecting information from 364 sport-fan tourists during the Formula 1 Grand Prix of Europe. Results show that fans’ emotions, event perceived value, fans’ attitudes and sponsor perceived value are related terms. Moreover, to explain the success of a sponsoring brand, there are three relevant antecedents (attendees’ motivation, exposure to the event, and team identification). In comparison, two antecedents seem to be irrelevant (event involvement and sponsor familiarity). This investigation has made progress in researching the backgrounds that determine the sports-fan tourist behaviour in an integrated way to explain how a sponsoring brand can benefit from it.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88902754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2186929
S. Hashemi, Husam Jasim Mohammed, Karpal Singh Dara Singh, G. Abbasi, J. Shahreki
ABSTRACT This study developed conceptual framework based on the SOR model consisting place attachment, positive emotion and place satisfaction to investigate the behavioural intentions of visitors in an Iranian ski resort. A total of 290 respondents participated in the study, who were ski resort tourists in Pooladkaf, a relatively new and upcoming ski resort in Iran. The data was analysed via Partial Least Squared structural equation modelling. Findings highlighted the importance of place attachment and positive emotions as predictors of place satisfaction and intention behaviour. Place satisfaction was also found to have a full mediating effect on the relationships between place attachment, positive emotions and behavioural intention. The study contributes to the literature by elucidating the mediating effects of satisfaction within the ski resort context, which has not been examined to a great extent in the current literature. Our study also highlighted the crucial role played by positive emotions in enhancing tourists’ sense of satisfaction which consequently influences future behaviours. Destination marketers and operators of ski resorts ought to focus on improving service quality, infrastructure and marketing communications strategies in order to engender a greater sense of satisfaction, attachment and positive emotions, which have been shown to have a strong bearing on tourist behaviour intentions and thus, lead to revisit behaviours and the spread of positive word-of-mouth.
{"title":"Exploring the effects of place attachment and positive emotions on place satisfaction and intentional behaviour in Iranian ski resort: a perspective from S-O-R model","authors":"S. Hashemi, Husam Jasim Mohammed, Karpal Singh Dara Singh, G. Abbasi, J. Shahreki","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2186929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186929","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This study developed conceptual framework based on the SOR model consisting place attachment, positive emotion and place satisfaction to investigate the behavioural intentions of visitors in an Iranian ski resort. A total of 290 respondents participated in the study, who were ski resort tourists in Pooladkaf, a relatively new and upcoming ski resort in Iran. The data was analysed via Partial Least Squared structural equation modelling. Findings highlighted the importance of place attachment and positive emotions as predictors of place satisfaction and intention behaviour. Place satisfaction was also found to have a full mediating effect on the relationships between place attachment, positive emotions and behavioural intention. The study contributes to the literature by elucidating the mediating effects of satisfaction within the ski resort context, which has not been examined to a great extent in the current literature. Our study also highlighted the crucial role played by positive emotions in enhancing tourists’ sense of satisfaction which consequently influences future behaviours. Destination marketers and operators of ski resorts ought to focus on improving service quality, infrastructure and marketing communications strategies in order to engender a greater sense of satisfaction, attachment and positive emotions, which have been shown to have a strong bearing on tourist behaviour intentions and thus, lead to revisit behaviours and the spread of positive word-of-mouth.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82114171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2186927
K. Kaplanidou, Skyler F. Fleshman, I. Cho
ABSTRACT Sport consumers may respond to times of crisis (e.g. pandemic) in different ways depending on a number of factors related to their decision-making. When it comes to decisions related to traveling to attend or participate in sport events, some of these factors include life goals, emotions, and related risk-seeking attitudes that permeate the psychology of the consumer. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the influence of emotions formed during a crisis, risk-seeking attitudes and relevant life goals on intentions to travel to attend or participate in sport events during times of crisis (i.e. pandemic). Survey data were collected from 412 Amazon M-Turk respondents in May 2020 using the web survey platform Qualtrics. The results revealed that positive and negative emotions, along with risk-seeking attitudes and the goals to be healthy and have a rich social life explained 41.8% of variance in intentions to travel to attend or participate in a sport event. The goal to be healthy had a significant negative influence on intentions to travel to attend or participate in sport events while the goal to have a rich social life had a significant positive influence on intentions. Positive and negative emotions and risk-seeking attitudes were also found to significantly influence intentions.
{"title":"Sport event travel intentions during times of crisis: the role of life goals, risk and emotions","authors":"K. Kaplanidou, Skyler F. Fleshman, I. Cho","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2186927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sport consumers may respond to times of crisis (e.g. pandemic) in different ways depending on a number of factors related to their decision-making. When it comes to decisions related to traveling to attend or participate in sport events, some of these factors include life goals, emotions, and related risk-seeking attitudes that permeate the psychology of the consumer. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the influence of emotions formed during a crisis, risk-seeking attitudes and relevant life goals on intentions to travel to attend or participate in sport events during times of crisis (i.e. pandemic). Survey data were collected from 412 Amazon M-Turk respondents in May 2020 using the web survey platform Qualtrics. The results revealed that positive and negative emotions, along with risk-seeking attitudes and the goals to be healthy and have a rich social life explained 41.8% of variance in intentions to travel to attend or participate in a sport event. The goal to be healthy had a significant negative influence on intentions to travel to attend or participate in sport events while the goal to have a rich social life had a significant positive influence on intentions. Positive and negative emotions and risk-seeking attitudes were also found to significantly influence intentions.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72380714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2186925
Filippo Bazzanella, M. Schnitzer, M. Peters, B. Bichler
ABSTRACT The link between sports and tourism has been widely researched. In this context, many studies have focused on sports event (SEs), finding that SEs provide a multitude of opportunities but also face many challenges at a local level. Despite the academic interest in the sports event tourism field, there is still little synthesis and no overview of research directions. Therefore, we proposed answering three research questions (RQs): What do we know today about the tourism perspectives of sports events? (RQ1); What are the main tourism implications of a sports event? (RQ2); What are the most and least investigated streams of research in this specific field of study? (RQ3). To answer these questions we conducted a systematized literature analysis including worldwide literature published between June 2000 and October 2020. Based on the findings, we provided insights into six clusters and their characteristics and highlighted major avenues to describe how SEs provide unique assets for tourism host destinations. Finally, we drew attention to important implications for future research, particularly in the context of the role of events for tourism recovery in the post-COVID-19 time.
{"title":"The role of sports events in developing tourism destinations: a systematized review and future research agenda","authors":"Filippo Bazzanella, M. Schnitzer, M. Peters, B. Bichler","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2186925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186925","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The link between sports and tourism has been widely researched. In this context, many studies have focused on sports event (SEs), finding that SEs provide a multitude of opportunities but also face many challenges at a local level. Despite the academic interest in the sports event tourism field, there is still little synthesis and no overview of research directions. Therefore, we proposed answering three research questions (RQs): What do we know today about the tourism perspectives of sports events? (RQ1); What are the main tourism implications of a sports event? (RQ2); What are the most and least investigated streams of research in this specific field of study? (RQ3). To answer these questions we conducted a systematized literature analysis including worldwide literature published between June 2000 and October 2020. Based on the findings, we provided insights into six clusters and their characteristics and highlighted major avenues to describe how SEs provide unique assets for tourism host destinations. Finally, we drew attention to important implications for future research, particularly in the context of the role of events for tourism recovery in the post-COVID-19 time.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86035420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2186926
Derek Van Rheenen, Rachel Roberson
ABSTRACT Mega sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, Olympic Games and Super Bowl, are often constructed as corresponding sites of bodily tourism, with a shared motivation among some tourists to purchase and consume both commercialized sport and sex. This paper begins by deconstructing the ‘common sense’ connection between sport tourism and sex trafficking. It recognizes, however, that both sport and sex tourism are grounded in bodily consumption and conquest. That is, both sex and sport tourism rely on the commodification and consumption of the body as currency and fantasy, defined as a libidinal economy. As such, this paper explores the colonial systems of power that enable and perpetuate the commodification of colonized bodies at the intersection of sport tourism and sex tourism. The paper situates this intersection within the colonial matrix of power and the structural hierarchies maintained through the colonial framing of power, race, gender and sexuality. In this sense, tourism is defined as roving colonialism [Sykes, H. (2017). The sexual and gender politics of sport mega-events: Roving colonialism. New York, NY: Routledge]. Using the colonial matrix of power as a theoretical framework, then, we evaluate the libidinal economies of sport tourism and sex tourism and propose a conceptual understanding of bodily labor and exploitation at this unique intersection. By using this conceptual framework, this paper calls for further empirical study that explicitly evaluates the impact of corresponding systems of sport tourism and sex tourism simultaneously at play within national and international sporting events.
{"title":"Roving consumers of pleasure: at the conceptual intersection of sport tourism and sex tourism","authors":"Derek Van Rheenen, Rachel Roberson","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2186926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186926","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mega sporting events, such as the FIFA World Cup, Olympic Games and Super Bowl, are often constructed as corresponding sites of bodily tourism, with a shared motivation among some tourists to purchase and consume both commercialized sport and sex. This paper begins by deconstructing the ‘common sense’ connection between sport tourism and sex trafficking. It recognizes, however, that both sport and sex tourism are grounded in bodily consumption and conquest. That is, both sex and sport tourism rely on the commodification and consumption of the body as currency and fantasy, defined as a libidinal economy. As such, this paper explores the colonial systems of power that enable and perpetuate the commodification of colonized bodies at the intersection of sport tourism and sex tourism. The paper situates this intersection within the colonial matrix of power and the structural hierarchies maintained through the colonial framing of power, race, gender and sexuality. In this sense, tourism is defined as roving colonialism [Sykes, H. (2017). The sexual and gender politics of sport mega-events: Roving colonialism. New York, NY: Routledge]. Using the colonial matrix of power as a theoretical framework, then, we evaluate the libidinal economies of sport tourism and sex tourism and propose a conceptual understanding of bodily labor and exploitation at this unique intersection. By using this conceptual framework, this paper calls for further empirical study that explicitly evaluates the impact of corresponding systems of sport tourism and sex tourism simultaneously at play within national and international sporting events.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80976464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.1080/14775085.2023.2186928
Chin-Kuang Chen
ABSTRACT Drawing on the concept of value co-creation, this study examines how international participants co-create value in a sport tourism setting. Through a qualitative investigation of actors co-creating value in a tourism running event, this study identified and categorized value co-creation practices of international participants, who travel to Japan to run a marathon. This study identified three categories and seven value co-creation practices, located on a continuum from before-event to during- and after-event. The findings provide insights for sport tourism planners to enhance value co-creation, especially involving international participants who face language and cultural barriers.
{"title":"Value co-creation in sport tourism: the practices of international participants in a tourism running event","authors":"Chin-Kuang Chen","doi":"10.1080/14775085.2023.2186928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186928","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drawing on the concept of value co-creation, this study examines how international participants co-create value in a sport tourism setting. Through a qualitative investigation of actors co-creating value in a tourism running event, this study identified and categorized value co-creation practices of international participants, who travel to Japan to run a marathon. This study identified three categories and seven value co-creation practices, located on a continuum from before-event to during- and after-event. The findings provide insights for sport tourism planners to enhance value co-creation, especially involving international participants who face language and cultural barriers.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74667493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction The aim of the present study was to find the relation of exercise-induced biomarkers (antioxidant, muscle damage, and inflammatory markers) with endurance capacity and anaerobic power. The study also aimed to develop predicting regression models for maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and relative anaerobic power (Wpeak) to specify the essential performance limiting elements. Material and Methods Eighty-six endurance male players (i.e., football (n = 39) and field hockey (n = 47)) were selected as test subjects for the present study. Muscle damage indices (creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol), inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), antioxidant variables (malondialde-hyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) and performance variables (indicated as V̇O2max and Wpeak) were assessed using standard protocols. Results The most significant (sig p ---lt--- 0.001) prediction of V̇O2max = (0.763) MDA+ (5.644) SOD+ (0.039) GSH- (0.154) GPx+ (0.002) LDH- (0.011) CK+ (0.038) cortisol+ (1.232) IL+ (1.135) TNF+ 20.018. The strongest correlations were found between V̇O2max vs MDA (R2 = 0.852), V̇O2max vs IL-6 (R2 = 0.589), V̇O2max vs TNF-α (R2 = 0.385). Conclusions Artificial neural network perceptron model depicted stronger prediction of V̇O2max (R2 = 0.872) in comparison to Wpeak (R2 = 0.271), with MDA and CK as the major predictors for V̇O2max and Wpeak, respectively. Among all biomarkers, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α were identified as the most valuable indicators to predict endurance capacity significantly. While MDA, SOD, GPx, IL-6, and TNF-α were strongly correlated with V̇O2max and LDH, cortisol was strongly correlated with Wpeak. Contrarily, exercise-induced biomarkers failed to predict anaerobic power.
{"title":"Prediction of Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity From Selected Oxidative Stress Parameters, Muscle Damage Indices and Inflammatory Markers in Soccer and Hockey Players","authors":"S. Sarkar, S. K. Dey, G. Datta, A. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.2478/pjst-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The aim of the present study was to find the relation of exercise-induced biomarkers (antioxidant, muscle damage, and inflammatory markers) with endurance capacity and anaerobic power. The study also aimed to develop predicting regression models for maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and relative anaerobic power (Wpeak) to specify the essential performance limiting elements. Material and Methods Eighty-six endurance male players (i.e., football (n = 39) and field hockey (n = 47)) were selected as test subjects for the present study. Muscle damage indices (creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol), inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), antioxidant variables (malondialde-hyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) and performance variables (indicated as V̇O2max and Wpeak) were assessed using standard protocols. Results The most significant (sig p ---lt--- 0.001) prediction of V̇O2max = (0.763) MDA+ (5.644) SOD+ (0.039) GSH- (0.154) GPx+ (0.002) LDH- (0.011) CK+ (0.038) cortisol+ (1.232) IL+ (1.135) TNF+ 20.018. The strongest correlations were found between V̇O2max vs MDA (R2 = 0.852), V̇O2max vs IL-6 (R2 = 0.589), V̇O2max vs TNF-α (R2 = 0.385). Conclusions Artificial neural network perceptron model depicted stronger prediction of V̇O2max (R2 = 0.872) in comparison to Wpeak (R2 = 0.271), with MDA and CK as the major predictors for V̇O2max and Wpeak, respectively. Among all biomarkers, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α were identified as the most valuable indicators to predict endurance capacity significantly. While MDA, SOD, GPx, IL-6, and TNF-α were strongly correlated with V̇O2max and LDH, cortisol was strongly correlated with Wpeak. Contrarily, exercise-induced biomarkers failed to predict anaerobic power.","PeriodicalId":37359,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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