Md Rezaul Karim, M. H. K. Talukder, Rais Uddin Mondol, Rajeshwari Ghose, M. M. Hossain
This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the learning styles of undergraduate medical students and their relation with preferred teaching-learning Methods. The study period was from July 2017 to June 2018. The study was carried out among the students of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th phases of the MBBS course at three government and four nongovernment medical colleges in Bangladesh. Out of seven medical colleges, four were within Dhaka and three outside Dhaka. The sample size was 1004. Medical colleges were selected purposively, and a convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. Bangla translated version of Fleming's VARK (visual, auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic) questionnaire was used to identify the learning styles of students. Linear regression was used to compare the VARK learning styles scores with teaching-learning Methods. The study revealed that out of 1004 medical students 64.2% preferred multimodal learning styles, and the rest, 35.8% preferred unimodal learning styles. Among unimodal learning preferences, auditory (A) and kinesthetic (K) were the most preferred sensory modalities of learning. The most preferred teaching Methods among the students were bedside teaching (29.9%), followed by tutorials (25.9%), and practical sessions (20.6%). The most preferred learning method among the students was mixed Methods (60.3%). A positive correlation was present between VARK modes and teaching-learning Methods (P <0.05). Majority of students preferred multimodal learning styles. Students are able to learn effectively as long as the teacher provides a blend of visual, auditory, read/writing, and kinesthetic activities. The study recommended that teachers be aware of the medical students' learning styles and that aligning teaching-learning Methods with learning styles will improve their learning and academic performance. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 19-26
{"title":"Learning Styles of Undergraduate Medical Students and their Relation with Preferred Teaching-Learning Methods","authors":"Md Rezaul Karim, M. H. K. Talukder, Rais Uddin Mondol, Rajeshwari Ghose, M. M. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63690","url":null,"abstract":"This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the learning styles of undergraduate medical students and their relation with preferred teaching-learning Methods. The study period was from July 2017 to June 2018. The study was carried out among the students of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th phases of the MBBS course at three government and four nongovernment medical colleges in Bangladesh. Out of seven medical colleges, four were within Dhaka and three outside Dhaka. The sample size was 1004. Medical colleges were selected purposively, and a convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. Bangla translated version of Fleming's VARK (visual, auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic) questionnaire was used to identify the learning styles of students. Linear regression was used to compare the VARK learning styles scores with teaching-learning Methods. The study revealed that out of 1004 medical students 64.2% preferred multimodal learning styles, and the rest, 35.8% preferred unimodal learning styles. Among unimodal learning preferences, auditory (A) and kinesthetic (K) were the most preferred sensory modalities of learning. The most preferred teaching Methods among the students were bedside teaching (29.9%), followed by tutorials (25.9%), and practical sessions (20.6%). The most preferred learning method among the students was mixed Methods (60.3%). A positive correlation was present between VARK modes and teaching-learning Methods (P <0.05). Majority of students preferred multimodal learning styles. Students are able to learn effectively as long as the teacher provides a blend of visual, auditory, read/writing, and kinesthetic activities. The study recommended that teachers be aware of the medical students' learning styles and that aligning teaching-learning Methods with learning styles will improve their learning and academic performance. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 19-26","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115024026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Parvin, C. Ara, Tanjila Momotaj, Sanaul Haque Mia, Md. Belal Uddin, F. Begum, M. Rashid
Background: Acute poisoning is a common medical emergency in the pediatric unit. It is a common preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Most of the poisoning in children less than five years of age is accidental. This study aimed to determine the associated factors and clinical profile of childhood poisoning. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 69 children aged six months to 12 years with a history of poisoning over six months. History, clinical examination, and details of the poisoning were obtained by using a structured questionnaire during admission. Analysis was done through standard statistical tests. Result: Among the 69 children of poisoning, 92.8% were accidental, and 7.2% were suicidal. Most cases (79.7%) were from the 6 - 59 months age group with male-female ratio 1.7:1. Most of the fathers (65.2%) and mothers (75.4%) had primary education, and 75.4% were poor. The most common cause of the poisoning was insecticide (60.9%), and the poison was stored at an available site (91.3%) in an unsealed container (47.8%). Accidental poisoning was more common in younger age group (<5 years) in male (70.31%) patients with normal family relationships (78.1%), whereas suicidal poisoning was more common in older age group (>10 years) in females (80%) patient with h/o familial disharmony (60%). Conclusion: Insecticides and kerosene were the common cause of poisoning. Most of the materials were stored in an unsafe place and stored in an attractive bottle. Poison should be stored in a safe home with a sealed container. Simple and active family preventive measures can reduce accidental poisoning. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 75-82
背景:急性中毒是儿科常见的急症。这是一种常见的可预防的儿童发病和死亡原因。大多数5岁以下儿童中毒是意外的。本研究旨在确定儿童中毒的相关因素和临床特征。材料与方法:对69名6个月至12岁的儿童进行横断面描述性研究，这些儿童有6个月以上的中毒史。入院时采用结构化问卷获得病史、临床检查和中毒细节。分析是通过标准的统计检验完成的。结果:69例中毒患儿中，92.8%为意外中毒，7.2%为自杀中毒。大多数病例(79.7%)发生在6 ~ 59月龄，男女比例为1.7:1。大多数父亲(65.2%)和母亲(75.4%)受过初等教育，75.4%的人贫穷。最常见的中毒原因是杀虫剂(60.9%)，毒物在可用场所存放(91.3%)，未密封容器存放(47.8%)。意外中毒多见于年龄较小(10岁)的女性(80%)和h/o家族不和谐患者(60%)。结论:杀虫剂和煤油是常见的中毒原因。大多数材料都储存在一个不安全的地方，并储存在一个吸引人的瓶子里。毒药应该用密封的容器存放在安全的家里。简单而积极的家庭预防措施可以减少意外中毒。泰姬酒店2022;35: no - 2:75 -82
{"title":"Childhood Poisoning - Associated Factors and Clinical Profile in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"M. Parvin, C. Ara, Tanjila Momotaj, Sanaul Haque Mia, Md. Belal Uddin, F. Begum, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63755","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute poisoning is a common medical emergency in the pediatric unit. It is a common preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Most of the poisoning in children less than five years of age is accidental. This study aimed to determine the associated factors and clinical profile of childhood poisoning. \u0000Material & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 69 children aged six months to 12 years with a history of poisoning over six months. History, clinical examination, and details of the poisoning were obtained by using a structured questionnaire during admission. Analysis was done through standard statistical tests. \u0000Result: Among the 69 children of poisoning, 92.8% were accidental, and 7.2% were suicidal. Most cases (79.7%) were from the 6 - 59 months age group with male-female ratio 1.7:1. Most of the fathers (65.2%) and mothers (75.4%) had primary education, and 75.4% were poor. The most common cause of the poisoning was insecticide (60.9%), and the poison was stored at an available site (91.3%) in an unsealed container (47.8%). Accidental poisoning was more common in younger age group (<5 years) in male (70.31%) patients with normal family relationships (78.1%), whereas suicidal poisoning was more common in older age group (>10 years) in females (80%) patient with h/o familial disharmony (60%). \u0000Conclusion: Insecticides and kerosene were the common cause of poisoning. Most of the materials were stored in an unsafe place and stored in an attractive bottle. Poison should be stored in a safe home with a sealed container. Simple and active family preventive measures can reduce accidental poisoning. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 75-82","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116813593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Sohel Rahman, Suzauddin Talukder, Issa Muhammad Baker, Anupama Das, Md. Abdul Baset, F. Najnin
Background: Hypoglycemia is a common medical problem in diabetic patients, and the potential range of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients exposed to hypoglycemia is significant. The study was conducted to evaluate the predisposing factors of hypoglycemia in diabetic populations. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the indoor and outdoor patient department of BIRDEM hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2009 to December 2009 after ethical approval in conformity with the revised 1964 Helsinki declaration. Following informed written consent, a total of 50 diabetic patients having hypoglycemia were finally included. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17. Results: In the study population, significant members of hypoglycemic episodes were found in middle age (31-70) insulin-treated patients and poor diabetic education and in those who had other concomitant diseases. Poor dietary compliance (Reduced meal intake in 50% of cases and missed meal in 34% of cases) and lack of proper diabetic education about early recognition and treatment of hypoglycemia also appeared as important contributory factors. Noncompliance with regular exercise (40%) and unaccustomed exercise (4%) contribute to hypoglycemia. A significant number of hypoglycemic patients have chronic renal insufficiency (68%). Conclusion: Hypoglycemia is common in the diabetic population who have poor knowledge and practice about diet, drug exercise technique of, use of insulin devices, and have an underlying systemic illness. So more rational education system and appropriate management of systemic diseases regarding the prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia is demanded by our diabetic patients. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 143-149
{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Predisposing Factors of Hypoglycaemia in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Mohammad Sohel Rahman, Suzauddin Talukder, Issa Muhammad Baker, Anupama Das, Md. Abdul Baset, F. Najnin","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63763","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypoglycemia is a common medical problem in diabetic patients, and the potential range of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients exposed to hypoglycemia is significant. The study was conducted to evaluate the predisposing factors of hypoglycemia in diabetic populations. \u0000Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the indoor and outdoor patient department of BIRDEM hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2009 to December 2009 after ethical approval in conformity with the revised 1964 Helsinki declaration. Following informed written consent, a total of 50 diabetic patients having hypoglycemia were finally included. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17. \u0000Results: In the study population, significant members of hypoglycemic episodes were found in middle age (31-70) insulin-treated patients and poor diabetic education and in those who had other concomitant diseases. Poor dietary compliance (Reduced meal intake in 50% of cases and missed meal in 34% of cases) and lack of proper diabetic education about early recognition and treatment of hypoglycemia also appeared as important contributory factors. Noncompliance with regular exercise (40%) and unaccustomed exercise (4%) contribute to hypoglycemia. A significant number of hypoglycemic patients have chronic renal insufficiency (68%). \u0000Conclusion: Hypoglycemia is common in the diabetic population who have poor knowledge and practice about diet, drug exercise technique of, use of insulin devices, and have an underlying systemic illness. So more rational education system and appropriate management of systemic diseases regarding the prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia is demanded by our diabetic patients. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 143-149","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123788082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Fatteh Ul Islam, Tanzila Rawnuck, Shahanaj Parveen, F. Sonia, N. Akter, Iffat Ara Akber
Background: The ABO blood group exhibits a blood cell surface protein and an endothelial cell-associated Willebrand factor, and there is evidence that the blood type of individuals can determine the risk of thrombosis in advance. Due to the importance and high prevalence of coronary artery disease, the association between myocardial infarction and ABO blood groups has not been proven, and there are even controversial. Results. Aims: To determine the relationship between the ABO blood group and acute myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 384 patients with a history of infarction as the sample. Purposive sampling was applied for the selection of data. The collected data were organized and analyzed using SPSS-22. Results: Mean age was 54.34±17.26 years, from 25-73 years. Most of the patients, 182 (47.4%) within the 45-65 age group. More than one-third of patients, 295 (76.8%), were male, and 89 (23.2%) patients were female; the male: female ratio was near about 3:1. The association of blood group between STEMI and NSTEMI patients in males and females patients was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, the prevalence of MI in blood group O is more significantly associated with NSTEMI and STEMI patients than in all other ABO blood groups. Conclusion: The study shows the relation between the ABO blood group and MI, where patients with the O group are more prone to STEMI and NSTEMI. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 125-131
{"title":"Frequency of Myocardial Infarction with the Frame of ABO Blood Group System","authors":"Mohammad Fatteh Ul Islam, Tanzila Rawnuck, Shahanaj Parveen, F. Sonia, N. Akter, Iffat Ara Akber","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63761","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ABO blood group exhibits a blood cell surface protein and an endothelial cell-associated Willebrand factor, and there is evidence that the blood type of individuals can determine the risk of thrombosis in advance. Due to the importance and high prevalence of coronary artery disease, the association between myocardial infarction and ABO blood groups has not been proven, and there are even controversial. \u0000Results. Aims: To determine the relationship between the ABO blood group and acute myocardial infarction. \u0000Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 384 patients with a history of infarction as the sample. Purposive sampling was applied for the selection of data. The collected data were organized and analyzed using SPSS-22. \u0000Results: Mean age was 54.34±17.26 years, from 25-73 years. Most of the patients, 182 (47.4%) within the 45-65 age group. More than one-third of patients, 295 (76.8%), were male, and 89 (23.2%) patients were female; the male: female ratio was near about 3:1. The association of blood group between STEMI and NSTEMI patients in males and females patients was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, the prevalence of MI in blood group O is more significantly associated with NSTEMI and STEMI patients than in all other ABO blood groups. \u0000Conclusion: The study shows the relation between the ABO blood group and MI, where patients with the O group are more prone to STEMI and NSTEMI. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 125-131","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130435148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Jawadul Haque, Md Rizwanul Karim, N. Yasmin, Shubhra Paul, C. Ara, M. Parvin, Rumana Ferdous, Md Asadur Rahman, Kowsarun Nahar, M. Arefin
Introduction: Menstruation-related poor knowledge and understanding among adolescent girls may lead to unsafe personal health care practice that ultimately increases the risk of genito-urinary tract infections, drop-out from school, poor academic performance, and overall poor quality of life. Being a developing country, it is an unrecognized problematic area in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is crucial to assess knowledge and practice on menstrual hygiene among urban adolescent girls in Bangladesh. Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Community Medicine of Rajshahi Medical College among 495 purposively selected urban adolescent girls. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: The majority (57.2%) of the respondents in the study were more than 15 years old, and most (93.3%) were Muslim. Most of the girls (82.5%) have experienced menarche within the age range of 12-15 years, and the majority of respondents, 259 (52.32%), were informed about menstruation before menarche. Their source of information about menarche was mothers in most cases. Out of 495 adolescent girls who participated in this study, 70.9% had good knowledge of menstruation. About 82% of girls used commercially made sanitary pads, and 35.2% changed pads or clothes more than three times a day during menstruation. Conclusion: The majority (70.9%) of adolescent girls had good knowledge of menstruation, and 73.3% had a good practice on menstrual hygiene. Therefore, there is a need to design and implement universal awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve their knowledge of safe and healthy menstruation management and promote good hygienic practices by creating an appropriate supportive home and social environment for all the adolescent girls. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 01-11
{"title":"Knowledge and Practice on Menstrual Hygiene among Urban Adolescent Girls in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Jawadul Haque, Md Rizwanul Karim, N. Yasmin, Shubhra Paul, C. Ara, M. Parvin, Rumana Ferdous, Md Asadur Rahman, Kowsarun Nahar, M. Arefin","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63688","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Menstruation-related poor knowledge and understanding among adolescent girls may lead to unsafe personal health care practice that ultimately increases the risk of genito-urinary tract infections, drop-out from school, poor academic performance, and overall poor quality of life. Being a developing country, it is an unrecognized problematic area in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is crucial to assess knowledge and practice on menstrual hygiene among urban adolescent girls in Bangladesh. \u0000Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Community Medicine of Rajshahi Medical College among 495 purposively selected urban adolescent girls. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. \u0000Results: The majority (57.2%) of the respondents in the study were more than 15 years old, and most (93.3%) were Muslim. Most of the girls (82.5%) have experienced menarche within the age range of 12-15 years, and the majority of respondents, 259 (52.32%), were informed about menstruation before menarche. Their source of information about menarche was mothers in most cases. Out of 495 adolescent girls who participated in this study, 70.9% had good knowledge of menstruation. About 82% of girls used commercially made sanitary pads, and 35.2% changed pads or clothes more than three times a day during menstruation. \u0000Conclusion: The majority (70.9%) of adolescent girls had good knowledge of menstruation, and 73.3% had a good practice on menstrual hygiene. Therefore, there is a need to design and implement universal awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve their knowledge of safe and healthy menstruation management and promote good hygienic practices by creating an appropriate supportive home and social environment for all the adolescent girls. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 01-11","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133894364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Fazlul Kader, B. Ahmmad, M. K. Das, Mst Ruksana Begum Chowdhury, Dilruba Sultana, Md Iqbal Bari, Md. Belal Uddin
In developing countries like Bangladesh, Pneumonia remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In about 50% of cases, no organism can be identified. Therefore, pneumonia diagnosis is usually based on radiographic findings, even in developed countries. World Health Organization (WHO) defines pneumonia based on the clinical Conclusions obtained by chest inspection and respiratory rate of the under-five year children. It was a cross-sectional descriptive type of study conducted in the department of pediatrics in collaboration with the Department of Radiology & Imaging, Rajshahi Medical College, for two years. Chest x-rays with interpretation showed out of 100 patients, 14% were normal, and 31%, 30%, and 25% were suggestive of bacterial Pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and viral Pneumonia, respectively. The chest radiograph is the single most important tool for the diagnosis, exclusion, management, planning of further diagnostic procedures, and follow-up of pneumonia patients. So diagnosis and management of pneumonia are impossible without the use of a chest x-ray evaluation. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 111-118
{"title":"Radiological Evaluation of WHO-Defined Pneumonia and Severe Pneumonia","authors":"Md. Fazlul Kader, B. Ahmmad, M. K. Das, Mst Ruksana Begum Chowdhury, Dilruba Sultana, Md Iqbal Bari, Md. Belal Uddin","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63759","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries like Bangladesh, Pneumonia remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. In about 50% of cases, no organism can be identified. Therefore, pneumonia diagnosis is usually based on radiographic findings, even in developed countries. World Health Organization (WHO) defines pneumonia based on the clinical Conclusions obtained by chest inspection and respiratory rate of the under-five year children. It was a cross-sectional descriptive type of study conducted in the department of pediatrics in collaboration with the Department of Radiology & Imaging, Rajshahi Medical College, for two years. Chest x-rays with interpretation showed out of 100 patients, 14% were normal, and 31%, 30%, and 25% were suggestive of bacterial Pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and viral Pneumonia, respectively. The chest radiograph is the single most important tool for the diagnosis, exclusion, management, planning of further diagnostic procedures, and follow-up of pneumonia patients. So diagnosis and management of pneumonia are impossible without the use of a chest x-ray evaluation. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 111-118","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123334515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shameem, K. L. Saha, Md. Belal Uddin, Jesmin Jahan, M. Rahman, KM Saiful Islam
Introduction: Hearing impairment has a devastating, detrimental, and adverse impact on the development of the newborn. Unfortunately, this hidden disability remains undetected for many newborns until it is too late to prevent undesirable and often irreversible damage. It has long been recognized that undiagnosed hearing loss, even a mild loss at birth, can negatively affect speech and language development, Resulting in poor academic achievement and social-emotional development. According to WHO 2009, newborns in the NICU are 10-20 times at higher risk of developing hearing loss. The risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment vary from country to country and even within countries. There has been a paucity of studies on this topic from Bangladesh. This study was done to identify the risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study place. The objective of the study: To identify risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study group. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in the department of neonatology, BSMMU. After taking consent from the parents/guardians, a thorough history of these newborns, including particulars of the neonates, family history of hearing loss, treatment history, antenatal, natal, and postnatal history, was recorded in a data collection form. Newborn admitted to the NICU during the study period was the study population. The newborn who meet the inclusion criteria was screened with Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) close to discharge from the NICU or before one month of age. A second screen was done with TEOAE again after one month of 1st screen but prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in 1st screen. Diagnostic Auditory Brain stem Response (ABR) was made to confirm the hearing impairment, and it was done prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in both the 1st and 2nd screens. Data were analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: 426 valid recordings from 493 newborns admitted in the NICU enrolled consecutively constitute the basis of this study. 14 newborns were found to have hearing impairment among 426 newborns. APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes (odds ratio 20.34, p-value 0.01), TORCH infection (odds ratio 0.64, p-value 0.01), IUGR odds ratio 8.92, p-value 0.02) were independent significant risk factors for hearing impairment. Conclusion: APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes, TORCH infection, and IUGR are independent significant risk factors for newborn hearing impairment. Newborns in NICU with these risk factors should have mandatory audiological evaluation. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 59-65
听力障碍对新生儿的发育有着毁灭性的、有害的和不利的影响。不幸的是，对于许多新生儿来说，这种隐性残疾一直没有被发现，直到为时已晚，无法防止不良的、往往是不可逆转的损害。长期以来，人们一直认识到，未确诊的听力损失，即使是出生时轻微的听力损失，也会对言语和语言发展产生负面影响，导致学业成绩和社交情感发展不佳。根据世卫组织2009年的报告，新生儿在新生儿重症监护室中发生听力损失的风险要高出10-20倍。与新生儿听力障碍相关的风险因素因国家而异，甚至在国家内部也各不相同。孟加拉国对这一主题的研究很少。本研究旨在确定研究地区新生儿听力障碍的相关危险因素。研究的目的:在研究组中确定与新生儿听力障碍相关的危险因素。方法:一项前瞻性观察研究在BSMMU新生儿科进行。在征得父母/监护人同意后，将这些新生儿的详细病史记录在数据收集表中，包括新生儿的详细情况、听力损失家族史、治疗史、产前、分娩和产后病史。研究期间入住NICU的新生儿为研究人群。对符合纳入标准的新生儿在新生儿重症监护病房出院前或1个月前进行瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)筛查。第二次筛查是在第一次筛查的一个月后进行的，但如果在第一次筛查中提及，则在出生后3个月之前。诊断性听觉脑干反应(ABR)用于确认听力障碍，如果在第一次和第二次筛查中被提及，则在出生后3个月之前进行。数据分析采用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)版本20。结果:连续入组的493例新生儿的426条有效录音构成了本研究的基础。在426名新生儿中，发现有14名新生儿患有听力障碍。5分钟APGAR≤6(比值比20.34,p值0.01)、TORCH感染(比值比0.64,p值0.01)、IUGR比值比8.92,p值0.02)是听力障碍的独立显著危险因素。结论:5分钟APGAR≤6、TORCH感染、IUGR是新生儿听力障碍的独立显著危险因素。有这些危险因素的新生儿应接受强制性听力学评估。泰姬酒店2022;35: no - 2:59 -65
{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Newborn Hearing Impairment in the Neonatal ICU of a Tertiary Hospital","authors":"M. Shameem, K. L. Saha, Md. Belal Uddin, Jesmin Jahan, M. Rahman, KM Saiful Islam","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63736","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hearing impairment has a devastating, detrimental, and adverse impact on the development of the newborn. Unfortunately, this hidden disability remains undetected for many newborns until it is too late to prevent undesirable and often irreversible damage. It has long been recognized that undiagnosed hearing loss, even a mild loss at birth, can negatively affect speech and language development, Resulting in poor academic achievement and social-emotional development. According to WHO 2009, newborns in the NICU are 10-20 times at higher risk of developing hearing loss. The risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment vary from country to country and even within countries. There has been a paucity of studies on this topic from Bangladesh. This study was done to identify the risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study place. The objective of the study: To identify risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study group. \u0000Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in the department of neonatology, BSMMU. After taking consent from the parents/guardians, a thorough history of these newborns, including particulars of the neonates, family history of hearing loss, treatment history, antenatal, natal, and postnatal history, was recorded in a data collection form. Newborn admitted to the NICU during the study period was the study population. The newborn who meet the inclusion criteria was screened with Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) close to discharge from the NICU or before one month of age. A second screen was done with TEOAE again after one month of 1st screen but prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in 1st screen. Diagnostic Auditory Brain stem Response (ABR) was made to confirm the hearing impairment, and it was done prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in both the 1st and 2nd screens. Data were analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. \u0000Results: 426 valid recordings from 493 newborns admitted in the NICU enrolled consecutively constitute the basis of this study. 14 newborns were found to have hearing impairment among 426 newborns. APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes (odds ratio 20.34, p-value 0.01), TORCH infection (odds ratio 0.64, p-value 0.01), IUGR odds ratio 8.92, p-value 0.02) were independent significant risk factors for hearing impairment. \u0000Conclusion: APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes, TORCH infection, and IUGR are independent significant risk factors for newborn hearing impairment. Newborns in NICU with these risk factors should have mandatory audiological evaluation. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 59-65","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130163208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazia Nusrat Ria, Md Abu All Mohimen, Shahin Mahmuda, Abdullah Al Mamun Hussain, Md. Obaidullah Ibne Ali
Background: Vitamin D has received considerable interest from the medical community and the public because of recent evidence for the nonskeletal effects of vitamin D combined with the finding of widespread global deficiency. It has been estimated that almost 1 billion people worldwide suffer from vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. In addition, neurobiological and neuroendocrinological substrates have been identified that indicate a link between hypovitaminosis D and several psychiatric conditions, including depression. Objectives: This study aimed to assess vitamin D level in patients with depressive disorders and to compare it with normal individuals. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional type of comparative study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, in collaboration with the outpatient department of Psychiatry Rajshahi Medical College Hospital over 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019 among the Depressive patients and healthy individuals to find out and compare the vitamin D level between the two groups. Approval from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) was obtained before the commencement of the study. A pA pre-designed, validated, structured questionnaire was used to gather information from 108 respondents by purposive sampling. Out of the 54 were newly diagnosed depressive patients, and 54 were healthy persons. In addition, a blood sample was collected to measure 25(OH)D level, and all values were analyzed statistically. Results: The Result showed a significant difference in mean plasma 25(OH)D level between the patients with depressive disorder and the healthy individuals. Circulating 25(OH)D level was found to be significantly low in the group of patients with depression. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a significant correlation between hypovitaminosis D in patients with depressive disorders. It is suggested that possible factors such as hypovitaminosis D should be done as a routine investigation to reduce the incidence of depression. Furthermore, vitamin D supplementation might be a complementary treatment for depression. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 159-168
{"title":"Comparison of Vitamin D Level between Patients with Depressive Disorder and Apparently Healthy Individuals Attending Rajshahi Medical College Hospital","authors":"Nazia Nusrat Ria, Md Abu All Mohimen, Shahin Mahmuda, Abdullah Al Mamun Hussain, Md. Obaidullah Ibne Ali","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63765","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D has received considerable interest from the medical community and the public because of recent evidence for the nonskeletal effects of vitamin D combined with the finding of widespread global deficiency. It has been estimated that almost 1 billion people worldwide suffer from vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. In addition, neurobiological and neuroendocrinological substrates have been identified that indicate a link between hypovitaminosis D and several psychiatric conditions, including depression. Objectives: This study aimed to assess vitamin D level in patients with depressive disorders and to compare it with normal individuals. \u0000Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional type of comparative study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, in collaboration with the outpatient department of Psychiatry Rajshahi Medical College Hospital over 12 months from January 2019 to December 2019 among the Depressive patients and healthy individuals to find out and compare the vitamin D level between the two groups. Approval from the Ethical Review Committee (ERC) was obtained before the commencement of the study. A pA pre-designed, validated, structured questionnaire was used to gather information from 108 respondents by purposive sampling. Out of the 54 were newly diagnosed depressive patients, and 54 were healthy persons. In addition, a blood sample was collected to measure 25(OH)D level, and all values were analyzed statistically. \u0000Results: The Result showed a significant difference in mean plasma 25(OH)D level between the patients with depressive disorder and the healthy individuals. Circulating 25(OH)D level was found to be significantly low in the group of patients with depression. \u0000Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a significant correlation between hypovitaminosis D in patients with depressive disorders. It is suggested that possible factors such as hypovitaminosis D should be done as a routine investigation to reduce the incidence of depression. Furthermore, vitamin D supplementation might be a complementary treatment for depression. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 159-168","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"622 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132054597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Mohibur Rahman, K. Alam, M. H. K. Talukder, Md Rezaul Karim, Mohammad Rashadull Islam, Md. kamrul Islam
Background: The assessment is an integral part of the clinical teaching-learning process in undergraduate medical education. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the views of fresh MBBS graduates about the present assessment status of 'Allied Subjects of Surgery' in undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh. The study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaires were administered to collect data from 40 fresh MBBS graduates. Data were collected from purposively selected 40 fresh MBBS graduates who passed the MBBS course with the completion of internship training within five years working in government and private hospitals or giving health care services in their chamber after getting permission from the respondents. Results: This Study revealed that the conditions of different issues like formative assessments, summative assessments (Professional examinations), short answer questions (SAQ), multiple choice questions (MCQ), structured oral examinations (SOE), objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) and short cases were poor and in case of long cases were very poor in most of the Allied Subjects of Surgery compared to General Surgery, Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology. These differences were also statistically highly significant in all cases. Conclusion: Hence it can be recommended that most of the Allied Subjects of Surgery should get optimum importance during the assessment procedures in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh according to the health needs of the community and current global health care situation. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 27-33
{"title":"Present Assessment Status of ‘Allied Subjects of Surgery’ In Undergraduate Medical Education of Bangladesh: Fresh MBBS Graduates’ Views","authors":"Mohammad Mohibur Rahman, K. Alam, M. H. K. Talukder, Md Rezaul Karim, Mohammad Rashadull Islam, Md. kamrul Islam","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63717","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The assessment is an integral part of the clinical teaching-learning process in undergraduate medical education. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the views of fresh MBBS graduates about the present assessment status of 'Allied Subjects of Surgery' in undergraduate medical education in Bangladesh. The study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaires were administered to collect data from 40 fresh MBBS graduates. Data were collected from purposively selected 40 fresh MBBS graduates who passed the MBBS course with the completion of internship training within five years working in government and private hospitals or giving health care services in their chamber after getting permission from the respondents. \u0000Results: This Study revealed that the conditions of different issues like formative assessments, summative assessments (Professional examinations), short answer questions (SAQ), multiple choice questions (MCQ), structured oral examinations (SOE), objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) and short cases were poor and in case of long cases were very poor in most of the Allied Subjects of Surgery compared to General Surgery, Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology. These differences were also statistically highly significant in all cases. \u0000Conclusion: Hence it can be recommended that most of the Allied Subjects of Surgery should get optimum importance during the assessment procedures in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh according to the health needs of the community and current global health care situation. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 27-33","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128272999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sazzad, Md. Shahidul Alam, Haimanti Shukla Das, N. Rahman, Quazi Tamanna Haque, Kazi Mohaimenur Rahman
Salmonella enterica serovars typhi is a contributing typhoid agent, leading to untreatable infections based upon the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the said agent. Consequently, the main concern of the health service providers to treat expansively drug-resistant (XDR) enteric fever has been dependent on the only remaining oral drug, Azithromycin, for creating emerging resistance against it. Therefore, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Microbiology Department of Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, to identify Salmonella species by Fastidious Antibiotic Neutralization (FAN) method in suspected enteric fever cases along with its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and molecular detection of Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene. Samples were collected purposively. Regarding the population's age distribution, out of 127 specimens, the predominant 37(29.1%) were found within the age group of 35-44 years. Automated blood culture was found positive in 64(50.39%) population; out of them, Salmonella spp were 38(59.37%) of the population. Among them 29(76.31%) have travel history, took street food 25(65.7%), used tap water for drinking 21(55.2%) and had kancha latrine 24(63.1%). It was found that 18.43% were sensitive and 81.57% resistant to Azithromycin. Azithromycin-resistant Salmonella spp. were detected in 31(81.57%), and among Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene was identified in 9(29.03%). The azithromycin-resistant R717Q gene was identified by conventional PCR. Because of its oral course of administration, Azithromycin is considered the widely used drug in Bangladesh, which is used once on a dose basis a day. In order to contribute to the development of this drug resistance, there could be many reasons, and among them there are the availability over the counter and the imperfectly done treatment. Thus, this study would be helpful to formulate a regional hospital empirical therapy by antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of the gene for Azithromycin resistance in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 67-73
{"title":"Diagnosis of Enteric Fever Cases: Current Challenges of Azithromycin Resistant R717Q Gene in Rajshahi, Bangladesh","authors":"J. Sazzad, Md. Shahidul Alam, Haimanti Shukla Das, N. Rahman, Quazi Tamanna Haque, Kazi Mohaimenur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/taj.v35i2.63737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63737","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella enterica serovars typhi is a contributing typhoid agent, leading to untreatable infections based upon the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the said agent. Consequently, the main concern of the health service providers to treat expansively drug-resistant (XDR) enteric fever has been dependent on the only remaining oral drug, Azithromycin, for creating emerging resistance against it. Therefore, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Microbiology Department of Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, to identify Salmonella species by Fastidious Antibiotic Neutralization (FAN) method in suspected enteric fever cases along with its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and molecular detection of Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene. Samples were collected purposively. Regarding the population's age distribution, out of 127 specimens, the predominant 37(29.1%) were found within the age group of 35-44 years. Automated blood culture was found positive in 64(50.39%) population; out of them, Salmonella spp were 38(59.37%) of the population. Among them 29(76.31%) have travel history, took street food 25(65.7%), used tap water for drinking 21(55.2%) and had kancha latrine 24(63.1%). It was found that 18.43% were sensitive and 81.57% resistant to Azithromycin. Azithromycin-resistant Salmonella spp. were detected in 31(81.57%), and among Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene was identified in 9(29.03%). The azithromycin-resistant R717Q gene was identified by conventional PCR. Because of its oral course of administration, Azithromycin is considered the widely used drug in Bangladesh, which is used once on a dose basis a day. In order to contribute to the development of this drug resistance, there could be many reasons, and among them there are the availability over the counter and the imperfectly done treatment. Thus, this study would be helpful to formulate a regional hospital empirical therapy by antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of the gene for Azithromycin resistance in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. \u0000TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 67-73","PeriodicalId":373921,"journal":{"name":"TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115822669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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