B. Rauchmann, Patrizia Gross, Ersin Ersoezlue, Michael Wagner, Ballarini Tommaso, C. Kurz, M. Tatò, J. Utecht, B. Papazov, S. Guersel, Marie Totzke, L. Trappmann, L. Burow, G. Koller, S. Stöcklein, D. Keeser, S. Altenstein, C. Bartels, K. Buerger, P. Dechent, L. Dobisch, M. Ewers, K. Fliessbach, S. D. Freiesleben, W. Glanz, Doreen Goeerss, D. Gref, J. Haynes, D. Janowitz, I. Kilimann, O. Kimmich, L. Kleineidam, C. Laske, A. Lohse, F. Maier, C. Metzger, M. Munk, O. Peters, L. Preis, J. Priller, S. Roeske, N. Roy, C. Sanzenbacher, K. Scheffler, A. Schneider, B. Schott, A. Spottke, E. Spruth, S. Teipel, D. M. van Lent, J. Wiltfang, S. Wolfsgruber, R. Yakupov, E. Düzel, F. Jessen, R. Perneczky
BACKGROUND: There is evidence that adherence to Mediterranean-like diet reduces cognitive decline and brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, lengthy dietary assessments, such as food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), discourage more frequent use. OBJECTIVE: Here we aimed to validate a 6-items short questionnaire for a Mediterranean-like diet (6-QMD) and explore its associations with memory performance and hippocampal atrophy in healthy elders and individuals at risk for AD. METHODS: We analyzed 938 participants (N = 234 healthy controls and N = 704 participants with an increased AD risk) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). The 6-QMD was validated against the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) score and the Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) score, both derived from a detailed FFQ. Furthermore, associations between the 6-QMD and memory function as well as hippocampal atrophy were evaluated using linear regressions. RESULTS: The 6-QMD was moderately associated with the FFQ-derived MeDi adherence score (ρ = 0.25, p < 0.001) and the MIND score (ρ = 0.37, p= < 0.001). Higher fish and olive oil consumption and lower meat and sausage consumption showed significant associations in a linear regression, adjusted for diagnosis, age, sex and education, with memory function (β = 0.1, p = 0.008) and bilateral hippocampal volumes (left: β = 0.15, p < 0.001); (right: β = 0.18, p < 0.001)). CONCLUSIONS: The 6-QMD is a useful and valid brief tool to assess the adherence to MeDi and MIND diets, capturing associations with memory function and brain atrophy in healthy elders and individuals at increased AD dementia risk, making it a valid alternative in settings with time constraints.
{"title":"A 6-items Questionnaire (6-QMD) captures a Mediterranean like dietary pattern and is associated with memory performance and hippocampal volume in elderly and persons at risk for Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"B. Rauchmann, Patrizia Gross, Ersin Ersoezlue, Michael Wagner, Ballarini Tommaso, C. Kurz, M. Tatò, J. Utecht, B. Papazov, S. Guersel, Marie Totzke, L. Trappmann, L. Burow, G. Koller, S. Stöcklein, D. Keeser, S. Altenstein, C. Bartels, K. Buerger, P. Dechent, L. Dobisch, M. Ewers, K. Fliessbach, S. D. Freiesleben, W. Glanz, Doreen Goeerss, D. Gref, J. Haynes, D. Janowitz, I. Kilimann, O. Kimmich, L. Kleineidam, C. Laske, A. Lohse, F. Maier, C. Metzger, M. Munk, O. Peters, L. Preis, J. Priller, S. Roeske, N. Roy, C. Sanzenbacher, K. Scheffler, A. Schneider, B. Schott, A. Spottke, E. Spruth, S. Teipel, D. M. van Lent, J. Wiltfang, S. Wolfsgruber, R. Yakupov, E. Düzel, F. Jessen, R. Perneczky","doi":"10.3233/nha-220190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220190","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: There is evidence that adherence to Mediterranean-like diet reduces cognitive decline and brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, lengthy dietary assessments, such as food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), discourage more frequent use. OBJECTIVE: Here we aimed to validate a 6-items short questionnaire for a Mediterranean-like diet (6-QMD) and explore its associations with memory performance and hippocampal atrophy in healthy elders and individuals at risk for AD. METHODS: We analyzed 938 participants (N = 234 healthy controls and N = 704 participants with an increased AD risk) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). The 6-QMD was validated against the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) score and the Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) score, both derived from a detailed FFQ. Furthermore, associations between the 6-QMD and memory function as well as hippocampal atrophy were evaluated using linear regressions. RESULTS: The 6-QMD was moderately associated with the FFQ-derived MeDi adherence score (ρ = 0.25, p < 0.001) and the MIND score (ρ = 0.37, p= < 0.001). Higher fish and olive oil consumption and lower meat and sausage consumption showed significant associations in a linear regression, adjusted for diagnosis, age, sex and education, with memory function (β = 0.1, p = 0.008) and bilateral hippocampal volumes (left: β = 0.15, p < 0.001); (right: β = 0.18, p < 0.001)). CONCLUSIONS: The 6-QMD is a useful and valid brief tool to assess the adherence to MeDi and MIND diets, capturing associations with memory function and brain atrophy in healthy elders and individuals at increased AD dementia risk, making it a valid alternative in settings with time constraints.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47516306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Malar, M. Prasanth, J. Brimson, Kanika Verma, A. Prasansuklab, T. Tencomnao
BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemic conditions can activate aberrant metabolic pathways causing neurotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effect of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (HS) against high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in Neuro-2a cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS: To ascertain the neuroprotective effect, Neuro-2a cells were pre-treated with HS followed by high glucose and assessed for cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) using confocal microscopy, Real-Time PCR, Western blot and in silico approaches for the compounds identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Further, C. elegans were treated with HS extract in the presence of glucose and analyzed for the neuroprotective effect. RESULTS: High glucose exhibited toxicity in Neuro-2a cells by ROS generation, disrupting ΔΨm, modulating stress response and lipid metabolism genes, altering signaling proteins (AKT, JNK), and apoptosis (P53, Caspase-3). However, pre-treatment with HS extract reversed the effect and exhibited neuroprotection. Compounds including allo-Aromadendrene, and N-Feruloyltyramine were identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Docking studies against candidate protein targets indicated that the compounds of HS extract exhibit higher docking scores and can inhibit/activate the targets. Further, HS extended the lifespan of C. elegans (CL2006) from high glucose toxicity through the downregulation of A β. CONCLUSION: Our results propose that HS with its active constituents can be considered a promising therapeutic agent to treat hyperglycemia associated neurodegenerative diseases.
{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract against high glucose-induced toxicity in Neuro-2a cells and Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"D. Malar, M. Prasanth, J. Brimson, Kanika Verma, A. Prasansuklab, T. Tencomnao","doi":"10.3233/nha-220177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220177","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperglycemic conditions can activate aberrant metabolic pathways causing neurotoxicity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effect of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (HS) against high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in Neuro-2a cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS: To ascertain the neuroprotective effect, Neuro-2a cells were pre-treated with HS followed by high glucose and assessed for cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) using confocal microscopy, Real-Time PCR, Western blot and in silico approaches for the compounds identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Further, C. elegans were treated with HS extract in the presence of glucose and analyzed for the neuroprotective effect. RESULTS: High glucose exhibited toxicity in Neuro-2a cells by ROS generation, disrupting ΔΨm, modulating stress response and lipid metabolism genes, altering signaling proteins (AKT, JNK), and apoptosis (P53, Caspase-3). However, pre-treatment with HS extract reversed the effect and exhibited neuroprotection. Compounds including allo-Aromadendrene, and N-Feruloyltyramine were identified through LC-MS/MS analysis. Docking studies against candidate protein targets indicated that the compounds of HS extract exhibit higher docking scores and can inhibit/activate the targets. Further, HS extended the lifespan of C. elegans (CL2006) from high glucose toxicity through the downregulation of A β. CONCLUSION: Our results propose that HS with its active constituents can be considered a promising therapeutic agent to treat hyperglycemia associated neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46125973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sanjaya, R. Lesmana, H. Goenawan, I. Setiawan, N. Sylviana, Nova Yuni S. Pratiwi, Fitriya N. Dewi, U. Supratman
BACKGROUND: Muscle loss is one of the features associated with aging with significant impacts on the quality of life. Yap/Taz, the effectors of the Hippo pathway, was shown to regulate organ size and may be associated with aging. We postulate that Yap/Taz modulation may play a role in maintaining muscle fiber size or mediating the function of autophagy during aging and sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE: The research aim to explore sarcopenia and its relationship to autophagy and Yap/Taz expression. Additionally, we also explored the relationship of autophagy function and Yap/Taz on skeletal muscle tissue during aging. METHODS: We conducted experiments on two groups of rats kept at 16 and 80 weeks. Skeletal muscle tissue from the soleus muscle was harvested, and mRNA expression of Yap/Taz and genes associated with the autophagy pathway were quantified. Immunoblotting was done with antibodies against Yap/Taz and autophagy proteins. Bafilomycin and Verteporfin were used on the C2C12 cell line to elucidate the interaction between autophagy and Yap/Taz. RESULTS: Old rats were found to have a smaller fiber surface area of the soleus muscle and was associated with increased Yap mRNA and protein expression. The inhibition of autophagy increased Yap levels. However, the inhibition of Yap/Taz function did not affect autophagy in skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: With current evidence, increased Yap was paradoxically associated with sarcopenia, and this increase was caused by the decreased autophagic flux caused by aging.
{"title":"The functional relationship of Yap/Taz with autophagy functions in sarcopenia associated with aging","authors":"A. Sanjaya, R. Lesmana, H. Goenawan, I. Setiawan, N. Sylviana, Nova Yuni S. Pratiwi, Fitriya N. Dewi, U. Supratman","doi":"10.3233/nha-220164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220164","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Muscle loss is one of the features associated with aging with significant impacts on the quality of life. Yap/Taz, the effectors of the Hippo pathway, was shown to regulate organ size and may be associated with aging. We postulate that Yap/Taz modulation may play a role in maintaining muscle fiber size or mediating the function of autophagy during aging and sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE: The research aim to explore sarcopenia and its relationship to autophagy and Yap/Taz expression. Additionally, we also explored the relationship of autophagy function and Yap/Taz on skeletal muscle tissue during aging. METHODS: We conducted experiments on two groups of rats kept at 16 and 80 weeks. Skeletal muscle tissue from the soleus muscle was harvested, and mRNA expression of Yap/Taz and genes associated with the autophagy pathway were quantified. Immunoblotting was done with antibodies against Yap/Taz and autophagy proteins. Bafilomycin and Verteporfin were used on the C2C12 cell line to elucidate the interaction between autophagy and Yap/Taz. RESULTS: Old rats were found to have a smaller fiber surface area of the soleus muscle and was associated with increased Yap mRNA and protein expression. The inhibition of autophagy increased Yap levels. However, the inhibition of Yap/Taz function did not affect autophagy in skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: With current evidence, increased Yap was paradoxically associated with sarcopenia, and this increase was caused by the decreased autophagic flux caused by aging.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43840463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Amakye, Zhengyu Ren, Min Wang, Maojin Yao, Jiaoyan Ren
BACKGROUND: Antioxidant peptides have gained attention as potential therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The gut microbiota is also increasingly being recognized as central to AD progression and a potential therapeutic target for the disease. OBJECTIVE: Using a recently-identified antioxidant pentapeptide (Trp-Pro-Pro-Lys-Asn, WN5), we sort to test the hypothesis that dietary components could target the microbiota to inhibit Aβ aggregation and relieve AD-related cognitive impairments. METHOD: An Aβ42 aggregation cell model was employed to predict the ability of WN5 to inhibit Aβ aggregation. APP/PS1 mice were then used to explore the learning and memory-improving capacity of WN5 by targeting the gut microbiota. RESULTS: WN5 dose-dependently attenuated cellular Aβ-aggregation. Oral administration of WN5 (WN5_G) was associated with decreased microbial diversity and tended to impact the abundance of several major bacterial species associated with AD. The observed microbiota changes were significantly associated with reduced hippocampal Aβ aggregation (17.6±0.71 for WN5_G and 25.4±1.7 for the control group; p < 0.009) and improved cognitive performance. However, these observations were absent when WN5 was administered intraperitoneally (WN5_Ip). CONCLUSION: The results from this preliminary study suggested that WN5 could be useful in ameliorating AD-related symptoms via the gut-brain-axis and further emphasize the significance of the gut microbiota in AD.
{"title":"Pentapeptide WN5 targets the gut microbiota in alleviating Alzheimer’s disease pathologies","authors":"William Amakye, Zhengyu Ren, Min Wang, Maojin Yao, Jiaoyan Ren","doi":"10.3233/nha-220168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220168","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Antioxidant peptides have gained attention as potential therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The gut microbiota is also increasingly being recognized as central to AD progression and a potential therapeutic target for the disease. OBJECTIVE: Using a recently-identified antioxidant pentapeptide (Trp-Pro-Pro-Lys-Asn, WN5), we sort to test the hypothesis that dietary components could target the microbiota to inhibit Aβ aggregation and relieve AD-related cognitive impairments. METHOD: An Aβ42 aggregation cell model was employed to predict the ability of WN5 to inhibit Aβ aggregation. APP/PS1 mice were then used to explore the learning and memory-improving capacity of WN5 by targeting the gut microbiota. RESULTS: WN5 dose-dependently attenuated cellular Aβ-aggregation. Oral administration of WN5 (WN5_G) was associated with decreased microbial diversity and tended to impact the abundance of several major bacterial species associated with AD. The observed microbiota changes were significantly associated with reduced hippocampal Aβ aggregation (17.6±0.71 for WN5_G and 25.4±1.7 for the control group; p < 0.009) and improved cognitive performance. However, these observations were absent when WN5 was administered intraperitoneally (WN5_Ip). CONCLUSION: The results from this preliminary study suggested that WN5 could be useful in ameliorating AD-related symptoms via the gut-brain-axis and further emphasize the significance of the gut microbiota in AD.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42682475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbas K. Doctor, J. Monnig, Caroline N. Kerr, Alexandra M. Bagg, C. Pickering, P. Reidy
A current lack of consensus exists regarding the effect of protein supplementation during resistance exercise in aging adult on the phenotypic adaptation. Thus, we critically assessed the collection of meta-analytic evidence to provide clarity regarding the differences between meta-analyses examining the combined effectiveness of chronic exposure to PRO/AA supplementation and resistance exercise to enhance the adaptive response. Thirteen meta-analyses, with relatively similar titles, presented different results on the topic. This divergence is mainly due to an inconsistent study selection process resulting in distinct study populations and varied types of protein-focused nutritional interventions and not RCT study quality. The methods applied to extract and estimate effects from RCTs with incorrectly formatted data for meta-analyses likely provide an additional reason for divergent results. PRO/AA supplements (when combined with resistance exercise training) produced a positive, albeit minor effect on the promotion of whole-body lean mass growth, yet a minimal and inconsistent effect on muscle mass, muscle strength, or functional capacity. The lack of an effect was skewed in studies with a higher proportion of obese and overweight participants and somewhat less noticeable in those containing sarcopenic and frail older adults, who would have the greatest need for an intervention to enhance muscle mass. Researchers are encouraged to provide the change scores mean and standard deviations for all their outcomes by group or even making the data sets available to improve future meta-analyses and advance the field.
{"title":"Role of ingested amino acids/protein in the promotion of resistance exercise-training adaptations in aging: Analysis of meta-analyses","authors":"Abbas K. Doctor, J. Monnig, Caroline N. Kerr, Alexandra M. Bagg, C. Pickering, P. Reidy","doi":"10.3233/nha-220183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220183","url":null,"abstract":"A current lack of consensus exists regarding the effect of protein supplementation during resistance exercise in aging adult on the phenotypic adaptation. Thus, we critically assessed the collection of meta-analytic evidence to provide clarity regarding the differences between meta-analyses examining the combined effectiveness of chronic exposure to PRO/AA supplementation and resistance exercise to enhance the adaptive response. Thirteen meta-analyses, with relatively similar titles, presented different results on the topic. This divergence is mainly due to an inconsistent study selection process resulting in distinct study populations and varied types of protein-focused nutritional interventions and not RCT study quality. The methods applied to extract and estimate effects from RCTs with incorrectly formatted data for meta-analyses likely provide an additional reason for divergent results. PRO/AA supplements (when combined with resistance exercise training) produced a positive, albeit minor effect on the promotion of whole-body lean mass growth, yet a minimal and inconsistent effect on muscle mass, muscle strength, or functional capacity. The lack of an effect was skewed in studies with a higher proportion of obese and overweight participants and somewhat less noticeable in those containing sarcopenic and frail older adults, who would have the greatest need for an intervention to enhance muscle mass. Researchers are encouraged to provide the change scores mean and standard deviations for all their outcomes by group or even making the data sets available to improve future meta-analyses and advance the field.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41807066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bordoni, A. Malinowska, Irene Petracci, A. Chmurzyńska, R. Gabbianelli
BACKGROUND: Changes in DNA methylation along the life have been documented, and environmental exposures (including diet, physical activity and smoking) can accelerate or decelerate this process. The epigenetic clock estimates the biological age of an individual measuring methylation patterns in specific areas of its genome. Recently, a new epigenetic clock based on 6 CpGs has been proposed, with high potential to become an easy accessible tool able to measure the epigenetic age (EA) of an individual. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to validate the 6 CpG epigenetic clock comparing it with other biomarkers of aging such as telomere length (TL) and methylation in the long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1). The impact of life-style associated factors on these molecular marks has been evaluated. METHODS: 200 healthy participants having extreme dietary patterns (healthy vs western diet) were selected. Dietary intakes, body composition, physical activity level and smoking has been assessed. DNA extracted from whole blood was used to measure the 6CpG-EA, TL and LINE-1 methylation levels. RESULTS: 6CpG-EA was positively correlated with chronological age (r = 0.591; p = 7.2*10 - 20) and negatively with TL (r = –0.150; p = 0.040) and LINE-1 methylation (r = –0.240; p = 0.001). Despite no significant associations were detected with the overall diet quality (HEI), 6CpG-EA was correlated with dietary intakes of nutrients involved in the one-carbon (1 C) metabolism, especially in the western diet group. CONCLUSION: These results support the 6CpG epigenetic clock as an easy accessible tool to estimate biological age, in accordance with other molecular markers of aging, and suggest that EA can be modulated by micronutrients involved in the 1 C metabolism.
{"title":"Biological age and diet: Measuring the impact of lifestyle on a 6CpG-epigenetic clock","authors":"L. Bordoni, A. Malinowska, Irene Petracci, A. Chmurzyńska, R. Gabbianelli","doi":"10.3233/nha-220160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220160","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Changes in DNA methylation along the life have been documented, and environmental exposures (including diet, physical activity and smoking) can accelerate or decelerate this process. The epigenetic clock estimates the biological age of an individual measuring methylation patterns in specific areas of its genome. Recently, a new epigenetic clock based on 6 CpGs has been proposed, with high potential to become an easy accessible tool able to measure the epigenetic age (EA) of an individual. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to validate the 6 CpG epigenetic clock comparing it with other biomarkers of aging such as telomere length (TL) and methylation in the long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1). The impact of life-style associated factors on these molecular marks has been evaluated. METHODS: 200 healthy participants having extreme dietary patterns (healthy vs western diet) were selected. Dietary intakes, body composition, physical activity level and smoking has been assessed. DNA extracted from whole blood was used to measure the 6CpG-EA, TL and LINE-1 methylation levels. RESULTS: 6CpG-EA was positively correlated with chronological age (r = 0.591; p = 7.2*10 - 20) and negatively with TL (r = –0.150; p = 0.040) and LINE-1 methylation (r = –0.240; p = 0.001). Despite no significant associations were detected with the overall diet quality (HEI), 6CpG-EA was correlated with dietary intakes of nutrients involved in the one-carbon (1 C) metabolism, especially in the western diet group. CONCLUSION: These results support the 6CpG epigenetic clock as an easy accessible tool to estimate biological age, in accordance with other molecular markers of aging, and suggest that EA can be modulated by micronutrients involved in the 1 C metabolism.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44200260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ezequiel Pinto, Tânia Nascimento, M. Botelho, C. Guerreiro, A. Marreiros, Sandra Pais
BACKGROUND: The literature suggests that nutritional status is associated with the onset and maintenance of depressive symptoms, but the association is still unclear. OBJECTIVES: Describe the association between malnutrition and depressive disorder. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, in 221 non-randomly selected, community dwelling, individuals. Data were collected through individual, face-to-face interviews, which included questions on health, nutritional status, sociodemographic characteristics, and the interviewer versions of the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0, and statistical significance for all procedures was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The most prevalent clinical feature was pain during the last month (73.3%). 58 participants (26.2%) were at risk for malnutrition and 2 participants (0.9%) presented malnutrition. Depression was more prevalent in women (55.3%) than in men (37.5%). Odds to exhibit depression are 1.83 times higher (95% CI 1.16–3.68, p = 0.036) with malnutrition and 2.45 times higher (95% CI 1.25–4.78, p = 0.009) if reporting pain. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should consider the assessment and intervention for both depression and malnutrition when encountering one of these conditions. Acute pain seems to have a strong association with depression and must also be addressed and considered in this regard.
{"title":"Nutritional risk and depression in adults over 60 years old","authors":"Ezequiel Pinto, Tânia Nascimento, M. Botelho, C. Guerreiro, A. Marreiros, Sandra Pais","doi":"10.3233/nha-220179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220179","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The literature suggests that nutritional status is associated with the onset and maintenance of depressive symptoms, but the association is still unclear. OBJECTIVES: Describe the association between malnutrition and depressive disorder. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, in 221 non-randomly selected, community dwelling, individuals. Data were collected through individual, face-to-face interviews, which included questions on health, nutritional status, sociodemographic characteristics, and the interviewer versions of the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.0, and statistical significance for all procedures was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The most prevalent clinical feature was pain during the last month (73.3%). 58 participants (26.2%) were at risk for malnutrition and 2 participants (0.9%) presented malnutrition. Depression was more prevalent in women (55.3%) than in men (37.5%). Odds to exhibit depression are 1.83 times higher (95% CI 1.16–3.68, p = 0.036) with malnutrition and 2.45 times higher (95% CI 1.25–4.78, p = 0.009) if reporting pain. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should consider the assessment and intervention for both depression and malnutrition when encountering one of these conditions. Acute pain seems to have a strong association with depression and must also be addressed and considered in this regard.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46435673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Betsy Cogan, Regis C. Pearson, C. Paton, N. Jenkins, J. Cooper
BACKGROUND: Pecans are rich in nutrients known to benefit cognition. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of daily pecan consumption on cognitive function in older adults. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 42 adults (50–75y) either consumed 68 g of pecans/day for 4 weeks (pecan; n = 21) or avoided all nuts (control; n = 21). At pre- (V1) and post-intervention (V2) visits, cognitive function was assessed using a fluid composite score and four subtests from the NIH toolbox cognitive battery (NIHTB-CB) (Flanker Test, Digital Change Card Sort Test (DCCS), Picture Sequence Memory Test (PSMT), NIHTB Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)) at fasting, 30- and 210-min after a high saturated fat meal void of pecans. RESULTS: From V1 to V2, fasting and postprandial cognitive performance did not differ between groups. There were improvements in both groups for fasting fluid composite score (p < 0.001) and performance on RAVLT, PSMT, DCCS, and Flanker tests from V1 to V2 (p < 0.001 for all), with no differences between groups. Additionally, postprandial performance on RAVLT, PSMT, and Flanker tests improved at V2 (p < 0.01 for each), with no differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: A short-term pecan-enriched diet did not provide additional cognitive benefits in healthy older adults in the fasted or postprandial state.
{"title":"Effects of a 4-week pecan-enriched diet on cognitive function in healthy older adults","authors":"Betsy Cogan, Regis C. Pearson, C. Paton, N. Jenkins, J. Cooper","doi":"10.3233/nha-220181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220181","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pecans are rich in nutrients known to benefit cognition. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of daily pecan consumption on cognitive function in older adults. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 42 adults (50–75y) either consumed 68 g of pecans/day for 4 weeks (pecan; n = 21) or avoided all nuts (control; n = 21). At pre- (V1) and post-intervention (V2) visits, cognitive function was assessed using a fluid composite score and four subtests from the NIH toolbox cognitive battery (NIHTB-CB) (Flanker Test, Digital Change Card Sort Test (DCCS), Picture Sequence Memory Test (PSMT), NIHTB Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)) at fasting, 30- and 210-min after a high saturated fat meal void of pecans. RESULTS: From V1 to V2, fasting and postprandial cognitive performance did not differ between groups. There were improvements in both groups for fasting fluid composite score (p < 0.001) and performance on RAVLT, PSMT, DCCS, and Flanker tests from V1 to V2 (p < 0.001 for all), with no differences between groups. Additionally, postprandial performance on RAVLT, PSMT, and Flanker tests improved at V2 (p < 0.01 for each), with no differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: A short-term pecan-enriched diet did not provide additional cognitive benefits in healthy older adults in the fasted or postprandial state.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45810643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and related comorbidities have a significant impact on clinical presentation and outcomes. The aim is to compare clinical presentation and outcomes among COVID-19 patients with or without DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data from 312 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 at a single hospital were collected respectively from January to April 2021. It included demographic data, clinical symptoms, underlying comorbidities, clinical chemistry, and hematological laboratory findings. Different inflammation indices were calculated. The findings of COVID-19 diabetic and nondiabetic patients were compared. RESULTS: The percentage of COVID-19 patients with DM and hypertension or cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher compared to non-diabetic patients (78.6 % vs. 35%, and 46.4% vs. 23%, P < 0.001) respectively. The diabetic patients showed a significant increase in D-dimer and alkaline phosphatase levels (1922.2 vs.1154.5, P = 0.007 and 85.3 vs.75.5, P = 0.01) respectively. On the other hand, diabetic patients showed a significant decrease in serum albumin (3.5 vs.3.6, P = 0.012). The mean death probability indicator (ANDC), and ICU admission were higher in diabetic patients (72.2%, and 36.6% ; respectively) versus the non-diabetic patients (60.7% and 26.1% ; P < 0.001, 0.071; respectively). Also, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly higher in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: The diabetic patients had more comorbidities, a higher rate of ICU admission
{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 diabetic versus non-diabetic patients: A retrospective comparative study","authors":"Buthaina M. Alkhatib","doi":"10.3233/nha-220166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220166","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and related comorbidities have a significant impact on clinical presentation and outcomes. The aim is to compare clinical presentation and outcomes among COVID-19 patients with or without DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data from 312 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 at a single hospital were collected respectively from January to April 2021. It included demographic data, clinical symptoms, underlying comorbidities, clinical chemistry, and hematological laboratory findings. Different inflammation indices were calculated. The findings of COVID-19 diabetic and nondiabetic patients were compared. RESULTS: The percentage of COVID-19 patients with DM and hypertension or cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher compared to non-diabetic patients (78.6 % vs. 35%, and 46.4% vs. 23%, P < 0.001) respectively. The diabetic patients showed a significant increase in D-dimer and alkaline phosphatase levels (1922.2 vs.1154.5, P = 0.007 and 85.3 vs.75.5, P = 0.01) respectively. On the other hand, diabetic patients showed a significant decrease in serum albumin (3.5 vs.3.6, P = 0.012). The mean death probability indicator (ANDC), and ICU admission were higher in diabetic patients (72.2%, and 36.6% ; respectively) versus the non-diabetic patients (60.7% and 26.1% ; P < 0.001, 0.071; respectively). Also, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly higher in diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: The diabetic patients had more comorbidities, a higher rate of ICU admission","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46559783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janani Balakrishnan, M. Husain, Annick Vachon, R. Chouinard‐Watkins, P. Léveillé, M. Plourde
Background: Omega-3 fatty acid (OM3) intake is associated with a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, but individuals carrying the ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4) might not benefit from this prevention strategy. Indeed, they might have lower OM3 into plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) compartments, the two forms the brain can take-in. Objective: To evaluate the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations in the FFA and LPC pre- and post OM3 supplementation in APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. BDesign: Plasma samples from 25 APOE4 carriers and non-carriers before and six months after receiving 2.5 g/d DHA+EPA daily were analyzed. DHA and EPA concentrations in the LPC, and FFA were compared by supplementation and genotype. A secondary analysis investigated the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and APOE genotype status. Results: There was no genotype x supplement interaction nor a genotype effect on LPC and FFA. However, there was a supplement effect where OM3 increased in all lipid compartment by < 1-fold to 4-fold. Individuals with a low BMI had higher OM3 increase concentrations in the LPC than those with a high BMI. Conclusions: APOE4 carriers and non-carriers can both benefit from taking an OM3 supplement. However, individuals with a high BMI have lower OM3 increases than those with a lower BMI.
{"title":"Omega-3 supplementation increases omega-3 fatty acids in lipid compartments that can be taken up by the brain independent of APOE genotype status: A secondary analysis from a randomised controlled trial1","authors":"Janani Balakrishnan, M. Husain, Annick Vachon, R. Chouinard‐Watkins, P. Léveillé, M. Plourde","doi":"10.3233/nha-220169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-220169","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Omega-3 fatty acid (OM3) intake is associated with a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, but individuals carrying the ɛ4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4) might not benefit from this prevention strategy. Indeed, they might have lower OM3 into plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) compartments, the two forms the brain can take-in. Objective: To evaluate the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations in the FFA and LPC pre- and post OM3 supplementation in APOE4 carriers and non-carriers. BDesign: Plasma samples from 25 APOE4 carriers and non-carriers before and six months after receiving 2.5 g/d DHA+EPA daily were analyzed. DHA and EPA concentrations in the LPC, and FFA were compared by supplementation and genotype. A secondary analysis investigated the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and APOE genotype status. Results: There was no genotype x supplement interaction nor a genotype effect on LPC and FFA. However, there was a supplement effect where OM3 increased in all lipid compartment by < 1-fold to 4-fold. Individuals with a low BMI had higher OM3 increase concentrations in the LPC than those with a high BMI. Conclusions: APOE4 carriers and non-carriers can both benefit from taking an OM3 supplement. However, individuals with a high BMI have lower OM3 increases than those with a lower BMI.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45038277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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