T. ALbuloshi, C. A. Dimala, G. Kuhnle, M. Bouhaimed, G. Dodd, Jaclyn Spencer
BACKGROUND: Depression is a widespread, global problem, increasingly linked with vitamin D deficiency in the literature. However, a knowledge gap persists regarding the relationship between depressive symptoms and vitamin D intake. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between vitamin D supplementation and depressive symptoms in adults (aged 18+ years). METHODS: This study consists of a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published before January 2019. Pooled summary estimates and between-study heterogeneity were examined. RESULTS: Ten RCTs (total participants = 3336; median duration = 12 months) were included. An association was found between high vitamin D supplementation (≥4000 IU) and reduced depressive symptoms, but not in the case of lower levels of vitamin D supplementation (<4000 IU). Neither baseline serum vitamin D before supplementation, nor the depression-scoring scales used affected this association. The overall quality of evidence was graded as ‘moderate’. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation at greater than 4000 IU was observed to have a positive effect on depressive symptoms. Future efforts could focus on obtaining higher-quality evidence with standardized RCT methodologies to confirm this association.
{"title":"The effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)","authors":"T. ALbuloshi, C. A. Dimala, G. Kuhnle, M. Bouhaimed, G. Dodd, Jaclyn Spencer","doi":"10.3233/nha-200094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-200094","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Depression is a widespread, global problem, increasingly linked with vitamin D deficiency in the literature. However, a knowledge gap persists regarding the relationship between depressive symptoms and vitamin D intake. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between vitamin D supplementation and depressive symptoms in adults (aged 18+ years). METHODS: This study consists of a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), published before January 2019. Pooled summary estimates and between-study heterogeneity were examined. RESULTS: Ten RCTs (total participants = 3336; median duration = 12 months) were included. An association was found between high vitamin D supplementation (≥4000 IU) and reduced depressive symptoms, but not in the case of lower levels of vitamin D supplementation (<4000 IU). Neither baseline serum vitamin D before supplementation, nor the depression-scoring scales used affected this association. The overall quality of evidence was graded as ‘moderate’. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation at greater than 4000 IU was observed to have a positive effect on depressive symptoms. Future efforts could focus on obtaining higher-quality evidence with standardized RCT methodologies to confirm this association.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48628914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Ogonowska-Słodownik, A. Kosmol, Natalia Morgulec-Adamowicz
BACKGROUND: A healthy lifestyle provides a number of benefits, few comprehensive studies have assessed functional fitness and its association with physical activity, nutrition and body composition in older people. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between functional fitness, physical activity, nutrition and body composition of women aged above 60 years. METHODS: A group of 168 women was divided into two subgroups (‘active’ and ‘inactive’) based on their participation in organized exercise. Physical activity was measured with ActiGraph GT3-BT, nutrition was evaluated with the 4-day record intake, body composition was assessed with a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, functional fitness was measured using the Senior Fitness Test. RESULTS: A significant relationship was found between the functional fitness index, age and body fat in the ‘active’ group. In the ‘inactive’ group, a relationship was found between the length of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day, Healthy Diet Indicator, body fat and functional fitness index. CONCLUSION: Fat mass is of significant importance in maintaining functional fitness in women over 60 years of age, regardless of undertaking organized physical activity
{"title":"A comprehensive analysis of physical activity, nutrition, body composition and functional fitness of women over 60 years old","authors":"Anna Ogonowska-Słodownik, A. Kosmol, Natalia Morgulec-Adamowicz","doi":"10.3233/nha-210126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210126","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: A healthy lifestyle provides a number of benefits, few comprehensive studies have assessed functional fitness and its association with physical activity, nutrition and body composition in older people. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between functional fitness, physical activity, nutrition and body composition of women aged above 60 years. METHODS: A group of 168 women was divided into two subgroups (‘active’ and ‘inactive’) based on their participation in organized exercise. Physical activity was measured with ActiGraph GT3-BT, nutrition was evaluated with the 4-day record intake, body composition was assessed with a bioelectrical impedance analyzer, functional fitness was measured using the Senior Fitness Test. RESULTS: A significant relationship was found between the functional fitness index, age and body fat in the ‘active’ group. In the ‘inactive’ group, a relationship was found between the length of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day, Healthy Diet Indicator, body fat and functional fitness index. CONCLUSION: Fat mass is of significant importance in maintaining functional fitness in women over 60 years of age, regardless of undertaking organized physical activity","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46356367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Fontana, S. Sieri, F. Ricceri, C. Agnoli, V. Pala, G. Masala, C. Saieva, A. Catalano, A. Macciotta, R. Tumino, S. Panico, M. D. de Magistris, V. Krogh
BACKGROUND: To examine the associations of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality risk in middle-aged Italian men and women with substantially lower animal protein intake than North Americans. METHODS AND RESULTS: Food consumption was assessed by validated Epic semiquantitative FFQs. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center, age, and sex, and adjusted for confounders, estimated associations of animal and plant protein consumption with mortality for all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. After a median follow-up of 15.2 years, 2,449 deaths were identified in 45,009 participants. No significant association between intake of total, animal or plant protein and mortality was found in the fully adjusted models. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92) only in people with at least 1 unhealthy lifestyle risk factor and poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Participants in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had higher glucose, total and LDL cholesterol levels than those in the lowest quintile. In contrast, higher plant protein intake was negatively associated with fasting insulin and cholesterol, despite higher BMI, physical inactivity and starch consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Replacing plant protein for animal protein was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality among individuals with unhealthy lifestyle risk factors. High animal but not plant protein intake is associated with impaired fasting glucose and hypercholesterolemia, despite lower calorie and carbohydrate intake, suggesting that protein source plays crucial roles in modulating cardiometabolic health independently of body weight.
{"title":"Dietary intake of animal and plant proteins and risk of all cause and cause-specific mortality: The Epic-Italy cohort","authors":"L. Fontana, S. Sieri, F. Ricceri, C. Agnoli, V. Pala, G. Masala, C. Saieva, A. Catalano, A. Macciotta, R. Tumino, S. Panico, M. D. de Magistris, V. Krogh","doi":"10.3233/nha-210145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210145","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: To examine the associations of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality risk in middle-aged Italian men and women with substantially lower animal protein intake than North Americans. METHODS AND RESULTS: Food consumption was assessed by validated Epic semiquantitative FFQs. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center, age, and sex, and adjusted for confounders, estimated associations of animal and plant protein consumption with mortality for all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. After a median follow-up of 15.2 years, 2,449 deaths were identified in 45,009 participants. No significant association between intake of total, animal or plant protein and mortality was found in the fully adjusted models. Substitution of plant protein for animal protein was inversely associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92) only in people with at least 1 unhealthy lifestyle risk factor and poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Participants in the highest quintile group of animal protein intake had higher glucose, total and LDL cholesterol levels than those in the lowest quintile. In contrast, higher plant protein intake was negatively associated with fasting insulin and cholesterol, despite higher BMI, physical inactivity and starch consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Replacing plant protein for animal protein was associated with lower cardiovascular mortality among individuals with unhealthy lifestyle risk factors. High animal but not plant protein intake is associated with impaired fasting glucose and hypercholesterolemia, despite lower calorie and carbohydrate intake, suggesting that protein source plays crucial roles in modulating cardiometabolic health independently of body weight.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46991261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Quarantine and social distancing are important to avoid spreading the coronavirus. Being active, healthy and happy is a central part of managing daily challenges. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to improve understanding regarding the wellbeing of the elderly during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: For the literature review, keywords such as wellbeing and COVID-19 were searched for associations with terms such as elderly, ageing and old people. Only research published in peer-reviewed journals and written in English was considered in this study. The studies included in the analysis were only those published between the start of the pandemic and April 2021. RESULTS: From a total of 75 searches, eight studies fit the inclusion criteria. Elderly people are the population group most vulnerable to COVID-19, which threatens their lives and wellbeing. Technology such as artificial intelligence can maintain the wellbeing of the elderly. Lockdown, the lack of social interaction and the limited access to medications and health facilities can worsen the physical and mental health and the psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Conclusion: It is important to highlight elderly care and mitigation programmes related to physical activities and cognitive psychology to prevent mental and functional decline in older people. Further studies should focus on their quality of life and the wellbeing.
{"title":"The wellbeing of elderly people during COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative review","authors":"Maria Gayatri","doi":"10.3233/nha-210132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210132","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Quarantine and social distancing are important to avoid spreading the coronavirus. Being active, healthy and happy is a central part of managing daily challenges. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to improve understanding regarding the wellbeing of the elderly during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: For the literature review, keywords such as wellbeing and COVID-19 were searched for associations with terms such as elderly, ageing and old people. Only research published in peer-reviewed journals and written in English was considered in this study. The studies included in the analysis were only those published between the start of the pandemic and April 2021. RESULTS: From a total of 75 searches, eight studies fit the inclusion criteria. Elderly people are the population group most vulnerable to COVID-19, which threatens their lives and wellbeing. Technology such as artificial intelligence can maintain the wellbeing of the elderly. Lockdown, the lack of social interaction and the limited access to medications and health facilities can worsen the physical and mental health and the psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Conclusion: It is important to highlight elderly care and mitigation programmes related to physical activities and cognitive psychology to prevent mental and functional decline in older people. Further studies should focus on their quality of life and the wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42962655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. T. Al Bataineh, A. Alzaatreh, R. Hajjo, B. H. Banimfreg, N. Dash
BACKGROUND: Age-related alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota may influence human health and disease mechanisms. However, connections between compositional changes in gut bacterial and fungal communities, and their role in the aging process, remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiota and mycobiota composition in different age groups and evaluate the functionality. METHODS: In this study, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene-based microbial profiling analysis and shotgun metagenomics using the NextSeq platform. RESULTS: We observed a shift in compositional changes of human gut microbiota with age. Older individuals revealed a significantly different gut microbiota profile compared to younger individuals. For example, gut microbiota composition of the older individuals showed increase in genera Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae, and Escherichia coli. Additionally, older individuals had significant reduction in fungi belonging to saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans in comparison to their younger counterparts. Moreover, metagenomics functional profiling analysis using shotgun metagenomics sequencing data showed substantial differences in the enrichment of 48 pathways between the young and older age groups. Metabolic pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell structure biosynthesis and vitamin biosynthesis were declined in the older age group, in comparison with the younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The identified differences provide a new insight to enrich our understanding of age-related changes in gut microbiota, their metabolic capabilities, and potential impact on health and disease conditions.
{"title":"Compositional changes in human gut microbiota reveal a putative role of intestinal mycobiota in metabolic and biological decline during aging","authors":"M. T. Al Bataineh, A. Alzaatreh, R. Hajjo, B. H. Banimfreg, N. Dash","doi":"10.3233/nha-210130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210130","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Age-related alterations in the composition and function of gut microbiota may influence human health and disease mechanisms. However, connections between compositional changes in gut bacterial and fungal communities, and their role in the aging process, remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: Compare the gut microbiota and mycobiota composition in different age groups and evaluate the functionality. METHODS: In this study, we performed 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene-based microbial profiling analysis and shotgun metagenomics using the NextSeq platform. RESULTS: We observed a shift in compositional changes of human gut microbiota with age. Older individuals revealed a significantly different gut microbiota profile compared to younger individuals. For example, gut microbiota composition of the older individuals showed increase in genera Bacteroides, Blautia, Ruminococcaceae, and Escherichia coli. Additionally, older individuals had significant reduction in fungi belonging to saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans in comparison to their younger counterparts. Moreover, metagenomics functional profiling analysis using shotgun metagenomics sequencing data showed substantial differences in the enrichment of 48 pathways between the young and older age groups. Metabolic pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, cell structure biosynthesis and vitamin biosynthesis were declined in the older age group, in comparison with the younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The identified differences provide a new insight to enrich our understanding of age-related changes in gut microbiota, their metabolic capabilities, and potential impact on health and disease conditions.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43431428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Skillington, S. Mills, A. Gupta, E. Mayer, C. Gill, D. Rio, Kenneth J. O'Riordan, J. Cryan, R. Ross, C. Stanton
The gut microbiota plays a significant role in health and development from birth and continues to affect several processes throughout life and into old age. During both infancy and old age, the trajectory of the gut microbiota changes with contrasting consequences at both stages for the host. The infant gut is unstable, and colonization is influenced by a variety of perinatal and postnatal factors. Many of these factors can contribute to an altered microbiota profile in infancy which can be associated with negative consequences later in life such as allergies, obesity, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The late-life gut microbiota is influenced by physiological changes within the host, illness, diet and lifestyle that impact its composition and functionality. Indeed, reduced microbial diversity, loss of beneficial microorganisms and increased pathobionts are key signatures of the elderly microbiome. Such changes have been associated with degenerative diseases including inflammageing, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and increased risk of infection with Clostridioides difficile. Here, we examine early- and late-life factors that contribute to contrasting gut microbiota disturbances and the consequences associated with these disruptions. Finally, we provide compelling evidence of nutritional and probiotic/prebiotic interventions that may help alleviate the effects of gut microbiota changes into old age.
{"title":"The contrasting human gut microbiota in early and late life and implications for host health and disease","authors":"O. Skillington, S. Mills, A. Gupta, E. Mayer, C. Gill, D. Rio, Kenneth J. O'Riordan, J. Cryan, R. Ross, C. Stanton","doi":"10.3233/nha-210129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210129","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota plays a significant role in health and development from birth and continues to affect several processes throughout life and into old age. During both infancy and old age, the trajectory of the gut microbiota changes with contrasting consequences at both stages for the host. The infant gut is unstable, and colonization is influenced by a variety of perinatal and postnatal factors. Many of these factors can contribute to an altered microbiota profile in infancy which can be associated with negative consequences later in life such as allergies, obesity, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The late-life gut microbiota is influenced by physiological changes within the host, illness, diet and lifestyle that impact its composition and functionality. Indeed, reduced microbial diversity, loss of beneficial microorganisms and increased pathobionts are key signatures of the elderly microbiome. Such changes have been associated with degenerative diseases including inflammageing, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and increased risk of infection with Clostridioides difficile. Here, we examine early- and late-life factors that contribute to contrasting gut microbiota disturbances and the consequences associated with these disruptions. Finally, we provide compelling evidence of nutritional and probiotic/prebiotic interventions that may help alleviate the effects of gut microbiota changes into old age.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44573714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Malar, M. Prasanth, J. Brimson, Kanika Verma, A. Prasansuklab, T. Tencomnao
BACKGROUND: Glutamate toxicity is involved in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to investigate the neuroprotective efficacy of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces (HS) against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT-22 cells and induce anti-aging property in Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS: HT-22 cells were pre-treated with HS followed by glutamate and evaluated for the neuroprotective effect using cell viability assay, confocal microscopic analysis, qPCR, Western blot, and docking analysis. Induction of anti-aging property in C. elegans with HS extract was analyzed through physiological assays and qPCR analysis. RESULTS: GC-MS analysis of the HS extract showed the presence of 19 compounds with antioxidant properties including oleamide,2-(diethoxymethyl)furan and 5-methylfurfural. In vitro studies reveal that glutamate exerted toxicity in HT-22 cells by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione, downregulating glutamate transporters, antioxidant genes, inducing autophagy (Beclin-1, Atg-5, Atg-7, LC3-II) by the activation of MAPK (p38, JNK) pathway, and causing apoptosis. However, pre-treatment with HS extract (5, 10μg/ml) reversed the effect and offered neuroprotection. In silico studies showed that the compounds of HS extract can bind effectively and inhibit the activity of NMDAR, calpain-1 and GSK-3β. In C. elegans, HS extended lifespan, reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin, modulated healthspan-related genes and downregulated the expression of daf-2. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HS with its bioactive components exhibits neuroprotective activity by upregulating glutamate transporters, inhibiting autophagy and exerts anti-aging property through DAF-16 dependent mechanism.
{"title":"Hibiscus sabdariffa extract protects HT-22 cells from glutamate-induced neurodegeneration by upregulating glutamate transporters and exerts lifespan extension in C. elegans via DAF-16 mediated pathway","authors":"D. Malar, M. Prasanth, J. Brimson, Kanika Verma, A. Prasansuklab, T. Tencomnao","doi":"10.3233/nha-210131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210131","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Glutamate toxicity is involved in several neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to investigate the neuroprotective efficacy of ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces (HS) against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT-22 cells and induce anti-aging property in Caenorhabditis elegans. METHODS: HT-22 cells were pre-treated with HS followed by glutamate and evaluated for the neuroprotective effect using cell viability assay, confocal microscopic analysis, qPCR, Western blot, and docking analysis. Induction of anti-aging property in C. elegans with HS extract was analyzed through physiological assays and qPCR analysis. RESULTS: GC-MS analysis of the HS extract showed the presence of 19 compounds with antioxidant properties including oleamide,2-(diethoxymethyl)furan and 5-methylfurfural. In vitro studies reveal that glutamate exerted toxicity in HT-22 cells by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione, downregulating glutamate transporters, antioxidant genes, inducing autophagy (Beclin-1, Atg-5, Atg-7, LC3-II) by the activation of MAPK (p38, JNK) pathway, and causing apoptosis. However, pre-treatment with HS extract (5, 10μg/ml) reversed the effect and offered neuroprotection. In silico studies showed that the compounds of HS extract can bind effectively and inhibit the activity of NMDAR, calpain-1 and GSK-3β. In C. elegans, HS extended lifespan, reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin, modulated healthspan-related genes and downregulated the expression of daf-2. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that HS with its bioactive components exhibits neuroprotective activity by upregulating glutamate transporters, inhibiting autophagy and exerts anti-aging property through DAF-16 dependent mechanism.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70143683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND: Nutritional status is a modifiable risk factor that could support healthy ageing outcome among elderly population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate association of nutritional status indicated by Mini Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA-SF) score with domains of functional ability, cognitive state, depression, and social engagement status. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 133 elderly aged > 60 years in five community health center across Jakarta province. MNA-SF was used to indicate nutritional status score. Functional ability measured based on activity daily living (ADL) score. Cognitive function measured based on Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) was used to measure depression and social engagement status measured based on social engagement index questionnaire. Association of study variables analyzed using linear regression test by considering possible confounders including age, sex, education, income, smoking status, and disease history. RESULTS: MNA-SF score reported to have positive correlation with domains of cognitive function (r = 0.25 p = 0.00) and social engagement status (r = 0.30 p = 0.00), but inverse correlation was found with depression symptoms (r = 0.24, p = 0.00). The association was remained significant in the multivariate analyses (cognitive function adjusted β= 0.18, p = 0.01; depression adjusted β= –0.38, p = 0.00; social engagement adjusted β= 0.23, p = 0.00). MNA-SF was not associated with functional ability domain in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Higher level of nutrition status was associated with better cognition, lower depression symptoms, and better social engagement of the healthy ageing domains, but it was not associated with functional ability domain among elderly.
背景:营养状况是一个可改变的危险因素，可以支持老年人健康的老龄化结局。目的:探讨由迷你营养评估简表(MNA-SF)评分显示的营养状况与功能能力、认知状态、抑郁和社会参与状况的关系。方法:对雅加达省5个社区卫生中心133名60岁以上老年人进行横断面研究。采用MNA-SF作为营养状况评分。根据日常生活活动(ADL)评分测量功能能力。认知功能测量基于迷你精神状态检查(MMSE)评分。采用《老年抑郁量表简表》(GDS-15)对抑郁和社会参与状况进行测量。通过考虑年龄、性别、教育程度、收入、吸烟状况和病史等可能的混杂因素，采用线性回归检验分析研究变量的相关性。结果:MNA-SF评分与认知功能域(r = 0.25 p = 0.00)和社会参与状态(r = 0.30 p = 0.00)呈正相关，与抑郁症状呈负相关(r = 0.24, p = 0.00)。在多变量分析中，这种关联仍然显著(认知功能调整β= 0.18, p = 0.01;抑郁调节β= -0.38, p = 0.00;社会参与调整β= 0.23, p = 0.00)。在本研究中，MNA-SF与功能能力域无相关性。结论:高水平的营养状况与老年人健康老龄化领域更好的认知、更低的抑郁症状和更好的社会参与相关，但与老年人的功能能力领域无关。
{"title":"Association of nutritional screening score and healthy ageing domains among urban elderly in Jakarta, Indonesia","authors":"N. Hardiany","doi":"10.3233/nha-210120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-210120","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Nutritional status is a modifiable risk factor that could support healthy ageing outcome among elderly population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate association of nutritional status indicated by Mini Nutritional Assessment short form (MNA-SF) score with domains of functional ability, cognitive state, depression, and social engagement status. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 133 elderly aged > 60 years in five community health center across Jakarta province. MNA-SF was used to indicate nutritional status score. Functional ability measured based on activity daily living (ADL) score. Cognitive function measured based on Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Geriatric Depression Scale short form (GDS-15) was used to measure depression and social engagement status measured based on social engagement index questionnaire. Association of study variables analyzed using linear regression test by considering possible confounders including age, sex, education, income, smoking status, and disease history. RESULTS: MNA-SF score reported to have positive correlation with domains of cognitive function (r = 0.25 p = 0.00) and social engagement status (r = 0.30 p = 0.00), but inverse correlation was found with depression symptoms (r = 0.24, p = 0.00). The association was remained significant in the multivariate analyses (cognitive function adjusted β= 0.18, p = 0.01; depression adjusted β= –0.38, p = 0.00; social engagement adjusted β= 0.23, p = 0.00). MNA-SF was not associated with functional ability domain in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Higher level of nutrition status was associated with better cognition, lower depression symptoms, and better social engagement of the healthy ageing domains, but it was not associated with functional ability domain among elderly.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45868264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Birkenhead, A. Kuballa, G. Lovell, S. Barr, C. Solomon
BACKGROUND: Physical activity and a healthy diet may delay the aging process and ultra-endurance exercise is an extreme form of physical activity. Telomeres are protective DNA sequences located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes which shorten as we age. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with salivary cell telomere length in current ultra-endurance exercisers (n = 49; %female = 37, age range 26–74 years). METHODS: Physical activity and dietary intake were measured using the Lifetime Physical Activity and Diet Questionnaire (LPADQ) and salivary cell telomere length was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers there was no relationship between lifetime physical activity or diet (according to food category scores) and telomere length. In contrast to the expected age-related decrease in telomere length, there was no relationship between age and telomere length (95%confidence interval [CI]: –38.86, 14.54, p = 0.359) in this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers. CONCLUSIONS: The relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with telomere length remain uncertain. It is possible that lifetime physical activity (including ultra-endurance exercise) and lifetime diet may independently, or in combination, contribute to a decrease in the rate of age-related telomere shortening in current ultra-endurance exercisers. ultra-endurance exercisers.
{"title":"The relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with salivary cell telomere length in current ultra-endurance exercisers","authors":"K. Birkenhead, A. Kuballa, G. Lovell, S. Barr, C. Solomon","doi":"10.3233/nha-200090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-200090","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Physical activity and a healthy diet may delay the aging process and ultra-endurance exercise is an extreme form of physical activity. Telomeres are protective DNA sequences located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes which shorten as we age. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with salivary cell telomere length in current ultra-endurance exercisers (n = 49; %female = 37, age range 26–74 years). METHODS: Physical activity and dietary intake were measured using the Lifetime Physical Activity and Diet Questionnaire (LPADQ) and salivary cell telomere length was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers there was no relationship between lifetime physical activity or diet (according to food category scores) and telomere length. In contrast to the expected age-related decrease in telomere length, there was no relationship between age and telomere length (95%confidence interval [CI]: –38.86, 14.54, p = 0.359) in this group of current ultra-endurance exercisers. CONCLUSIONS: The relationships of lifetime physical activity and diet with telomere length remain uncertain. It is possible that lifetime physical activity (including ultra-endurance exercise) and lifetime diet may independently, or in combination, contribute to a decrease in the rate of age-related telomere shortening in current ultra-endurance exercisers. ultra-endurance exercisers.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/nha-200090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48012320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foad Alzoughool, H. Hourani, M. Atoum, Sajedah Bateineh, Hanan Alsheikh, Hamza Al-Zghool, A. Al-Shudifat
BACKGROUND/AIM: The newly described proteins adropin and irisin are a highly conserved polypeptide that plays essential roles in metabolic and energy homeostasis, insulin resistance, and fat browning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the circulating levels of serum adropin and irisin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and also to elucidate possible relationships between serum adropin and irisin levels with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Single-center prospective observational study included 90 T2DM patients referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen were evaluated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated, serum adropin and irisin were evaluated. RESULTS: The results showed a significant positive correlation between adropin and irisin in females but not in males (r = 0.311; P = 0.042). In males’ group, serum adropin levels showed significant negative correlation with serum glucose (–0.423, P = < 0.05), HbA1C (–0.364, P = < 0.05), and GFR (–0.355, P = < 0.05). In contrast, creatinine was showed a significant positive correlation with adropin in males (0.381, P = < 0.05). In females’ group, adropin showed a significant negative correlation with weight (–0.371, P = < 0.05), BMI (–0.349, P = < 0.05), WC (–0.402, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (–0.398, P = < 0.01). Contrary, in males’ group, serum irisin levels showed significant positive correlation with weight (0.338, P = < 0.05), BMI (0.332, P = < 0.05), WC (0.409, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (0.432, P = < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that, in T2DM patients, circulating serum adrpoin correlated negatively with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in females, while serum irisin was positively correlated with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in males.
背景/目的:新发现的adropin和irisin蛋白是一种高度保守的多肽，在代谢和能量稳态、胰岛素抵抗和脂肪褐变中起重要作用。本研究的目的是评估2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清adropin和鸢尾素的循环水平，并阐明血清adropin和鸢尾素水平与人体肥胖指数和生化参数之间的可能关系。对象和方法:单中心前瞻性观察研究纳入90例糖尿病门诊患者。测量身高、体重和腰围(WC)。计算体重指数(BMI)和腰高比(WHtR)。测定空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂、肌酐、尿素和血尿素氮。计算估计肾小球滤过率(GFR)，评估血清促肾上腺素和鸢尾素。结果:adropin与鸢尾素在雌性中呈显著正相关，而在雄性中无显著正相关(r = 0.311;p = 0.042)。男性组血清adropin水平与血糖(-0.423,P = < 0.05)、糖化血红蛋白(-0.364,P = < 0.05)、GFR (-0.355, P = < 0.05)呈显著负相关。男性肌酐与adropin呈显著正相关(0.381,P = < 0.05)。在女性组中，adropin与体重(-0.371,P = < 0.05)、BMI (-0.349, P = < 0.05)、WC (-0.402, P = < 0.01)、WHtR (-0.398, P = < 0.01)呈显著负相关。男性组血清鸢尾素水平与体重(0.338,P = < 0.05)、BMI (0.332, P = < 0.05)、WC (0.409, P = < 0.01)、WHtR (0.432, P = < 0.01)呈显著正相关。结论:本研究表明，在T2DM患者中，循环血清adadpoin与女性肥胖者的人体测量肥胖指数呈负相关，血清鸢尾素与男性肥胖者的人体测量肥胖指数呈正相关。
{"title":"Evaluation of serum adropin and irisin levels and its association with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters in Type 2 diabetic patients","authors":"Foad Alzoughool, H. Hourani, M. Atoum, Sajedah Bateineh, Hanan Alsheikh, Hamza Al-Zghool, A. Al-Shudifat","doi":"10.3233/nha-200110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/nha-200110","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND/AIM: The newly described proteins adropin and irisin are a highly conserved polypeptide that plays essential roles in metabolic and energy homeostasis, insulin resistance, and fat browning. The aim of this study is to evaluate the circulating levels of serum adropin and irisin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and also to elucidate possible relationships between serum adropin and irisin levels with anthropometric obesity indices and biochemical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Single-center prospective observational study included 90 T2DM patients referred to the diabetes outpatient clinic. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen were evaluated. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated, serum adropin and irisin were evaluated. RESULTS: The results showed a significant positive correlation between adropin and irisin in females but not in males (r = 0.311; P = 0.042). In males’ group, serum adropin levels showed significant negative correlation with serum glucose (–0.423, P = < 0.05), HbA1C (–0.364, P = < 0.05), and GFR (–0.355, P = < 0.05). In contrast, creatinine was showed a significant positive correlation with adropin in males (0.381, P = < 0.05). In females’ group, adropin showed a significant negative correlation with weight (–0.371, P = < 0.05), BMI (–0.349, P = < 0.05), WC (–0.402, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (–0.398, P = < 0.01). Contrary, in males’ group, serum irisin levels showed significant positive correlation with weight (0.338, P = < 0.05), BMI (0.332, P = < 0.05), WC (0.409, P = < 0.01), and WHtR (0.432, P = < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that, in T2DM patients, circulating serum adrpoin correlated negatively with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in females, while serum irisin was positively correlated with anthropometric obesity indices of obesity in males.","PeriodicalId":37419,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition and Healthy Aging","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/nha-200110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70143563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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