{"title":"MCPAHAIL, M. (2007). Alternative Validation Strategies – Developing New and Leveraging Existing Validity Evidence. John Wiley","authors":"F. Spânu","doi":"10.24837/pru.v5i2.338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/pru.v5i2.338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46409673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco commonly occur together. Young adults, middleaged adults, elderly people, and very elderly people perceive the combined effects on health of drinking and smoking as sub-additive. This model bears little resemblance to what is expected on the basis of epidemiological studies. The health risks of combining drinking and smoking, particularly the risk of cancer is multiplicative. This article reviews studies showing that learning the multiplicative relationship between daily intakes of alcohol and tobacco, and the risk of esophageal cancer is effective, even in 75 aged people, provided that participants receive outcome feedback through functional learning. This learning persists at least one month. This learning has limitations due to the decline of executive functioning that is associated with aging. The very old people have difficulty in learning the multiplicative rule. Instead, they learn an additive rule. Other studies are required. Because of the nature of the risks for esophageal cancer, specific groups should be targeted, those who drink and smoke heavily, and for whom esophageal cancer looms as an important personal threat.
{"title":"The Risks of Associated Use of Alcohool and Tabaco: A Functional Learning and Its Limits","authors":"Sylvie Bonnin-Scaon, G. Chasseigne","doi":"10.24837/PRU.2007.2.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.2007.2.362","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco commonly occur together. Young adults, middleaged adults, elderly people, and very elderly people perceive the combined effects on health of drinking and smoking as sub-additive. This model bears little resemblance to what is expected on the basis of epidemiological studies. The health risks of combining drinking and smoking, particularly the risk of cancer is multiplicative. This article reviews studies showing that learning the multiplicative relationship between daily intakes of alcohol and tobacco, and the risk of esophageal cancer is effective, even in 75 aged people, provided that participants receive outcome feedback through functional learning. This learning persists at least one month. This learning has limitations due to the decline of executive functioning that is associated with aging. The very old people have difficulty in learning the multiplicative rule. Instead, they learn an additive rule. Other studies are required. Because of the nature of the risks for esophageal cancer, specific groups should be targeted, those who drink and smoke heavily, and for whom esophageal cancer looms as an important personal threat. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46499897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucrarea de față prezintă principalele caracteristici ale unui nou program statistic de calcul al indicatorilor mărimii efectului si puterii statistice: PowerStaTim 1.0 (Maricuțoiu & Sava, 2007). Prima parte a articolului prezintă argumentele care explica necesitatea calculării mărimii efectului si a puterii statistice în cercetarea psihologică. A doua parte familiarizează cititorul cu caracteristicile tehnice ale PowerStaTim 1.0 si cu opțiunile de procesare oferite de acest program statistic.
{"title":"PowerStaTim 1.0 – un nou program statistic de calcul a mărimii efectului și a puterii statistice","authors":"F. Sava, Laurențiu P. Maricuțoiu","doi":"10.24837/PRU.V6I1.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.V6I1.352","url":null,"abstract":"Lucrarea de față prezintă principalele caracteristici ale unui nou program statistic de calcul al indicatorilor mărimii efectului si puterii statistice: PowerStaTim 1.0 (Maricuțoiu & Sava, 2007). Prima parte a articolului prezintă argumentele care explica necesitatea calculării mărimii efectului si a puterii statistice în cercetarea psihologică. A doua parte familiarizează cititorul cu caracteristicile tehnice ale PowerStaTim 1.0 si cu opțiunile de procesare oferite de acest program statistic.","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47116334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
În mod obişnuit sunt denumite amintiri, memorii, evocări. Unii cercetători le ridică statutul mai sus, relatările unor experienţe devin istorii de viaţă, biografii sociale, memorie colectivă şi sunt plasate sub genericul: analitică interpretativă. Sintagma de mai sus nu-mi aparţine. A utilizat-o jurnalistul Aurel Leon, mentorul multor generaţii de ziarişti – şi el un guru pentru această tagmă – atunci cînd s-a stins Ion Holban.
{"title":"ION HOLBAN (1916 – 1995)","authors":"Adrian Neculau","doi":"10.24837/pru.v5i2.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/pru.v5i2.334","url":null,"abstract":"În mod obişnuit sunt denumite amintiri, memorii, evocări. Unii cercetători le ridică statutul mai sus, relatările unor experienţe devin istorii de viaţă, biografii sociale, memorie colectivă şi sunt plasate sub genericul: analitică interpretativă. Sintagma de mai sus nu-mi aparţine. A utilizat-o jurnalistul Aurel Leon, mentorul multor generaţii de ziarişti – şi el un guru pentru această tagmă – atunci cînd s-a stins Ion Holban.","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SUBJECTS OR PARTICIPANTS? THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMANS IN THE UNITED STATES","authors":"Kathryn M. Obenchain, B. Ives","doi":"10.24837/PRU.2007.2.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.2007.2.366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68873469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CONFERINŢA NAŢIONALĂ DE PSIHOLOGIE INDUSTRIALĂ ŞI ORGANIZAŢIONALĂ Ediţia a VIII-a 10-13 Aprilie 2008, Cluj Napoca","authors":"Redacția","doi":"10.24837/PRU.V5I2.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.V5I2.339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45867317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employee stress has increasingly become a concern for many organizations. Although it is not possible to eliminate stress entirely, people can learn to manage it. Many organizations have adopted occupational stress management programs to try and reduce the stress levels of their workforce. The high cost of work stress related problems highlights the need to spend more time evaluating work stress interventions and publishing the findings so that other organizations can gain insight into programs of merit. This article explore the three major approaches in stress management - primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and outline the importance of an evidence-based approach to stress management interventions. It is argued that an evidence-based approach will lead to advances in intervention practices. We also outline recommendations regarding planning and interpreting occupational stress management research in order to improve stress management interventions.
{"title":"Stress Management in Organizations","authors":"Roxana Capotescu","doi":"10.24837/PRU.V6I1.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.V6I1.344","url":null,"abstract":"Employee stress has increasingly become a concern for many organizations. Although it is not possible to eliminate stress entirely, people can learn to manage it. Many organizations have adopted occupational stress management programs to try and reduce the stress levels of their workforce. The high cost of work stress related problems highlights the need to spend more time evaluating work stress interventions and publishing the findings so that other organizations can gain insight into programs of merit. This article explore the three major approaches in stress management - primary, secondary and tertiary prevention and outline the importance of an evidence-based approach to stress management interventions. It is argued that an evidence-based approach will lead to advances in intervention practices. We also outline recommendations regarding planning and interpreting occupational stress management research in order to improve stress management interventions.","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48592058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Organizational Performance Through High Performance Work Practices","authors":"L. Kennedy","doi":"10.24837/PRU.2007.2.364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.2007.2.364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46686641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper I explore the process of team coordination. I propose a model by which team coordination emerges as a function of team mental models and team trust. Furthermore, I introduce a hierarchical approach to team mental models, and propose a framework that provides a better understanding of team processes and opens new avenues of research in the area of team cognition. I conclude with implications for future research and practice.
{"title":"Trust and team coordination in critical situations","authors":"Adrian H. Pitariu","doi":"10.24837/PRU.2008.1.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.2008.1.147","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this paper I explore the process of team coordination. I propose a model by which team coordination emerges as a function of team mental models and team trust. Furthermore, I introduce a hierarchical approach to team mental models, and propose a framework that provides a better understanding of team processes and opens new avenues of research in the area of team cognition. I conclude with implications for future research and practice. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47479818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents a study aiming at investigating the effect of comparative optimism, anxiety, safety devices awareness on behavioural intention in case of a fire in a road tunnel. One hundred and fifty-one road users (firemen, truck drivers, regular drivers, and driving-school students) filled out a questionnaire measuring their perceptions of risks, their awareness of safety devices, and their behavioural intentions in case of a fire. Results show differences in perceptions between each category of participants and an interaction between anxiety and perceived control on comparative optimism. High professional practice with risk management lead to a better perception. For people with a low level of anxiety, comparative optimism is as high as perceived control is high. While for people with high level of anxiety, no variation was observed in comparative optimism according to the perceived control. We also found an effect of safety devices awareness on behavioural intentions. People with more rescue devices awareness tended to take less risk. Bearing on such results, suggestions are made for the improvement of communication in case of a fire and to develop users training in accordance with tunnel security specificities.
{"title":"Comparative Optimism, Perceived Control, Knowledge of Security Devices and the Behavior in Case of Road Tunnel Fire","authors":"Marc Gandit, D. R. Kouabénan, S. Caroly","doi":"10.24837/PRU.2007.2.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.2007.2.361","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study aiming at investigating the effect of comparative optimism, anxiety, safety devices awareness on behavioural intention in case of a fire in a road tunnel. One hundred and fifty-one road users (firemen, truck drivers, regular drivers, and driving-school students) filled out a questionnaire measuring their perceptions of risks, their awareness of safety devices, and their behavioural intentions in case of a fire. Results show differences in perceptions between each category of participants and an interaction between anxiety and perceived control on comparative optimism. High professional practice with risk management lead to a better perception. For people with a low level of anxiety, comparative optimism is as high as perceived control is high. While for people with high level of anxiety, no variation was observed in comparative optimism according to the perceived control. We also found an effect of safety devices awareness on behavioural intentions. People with more rescue devices awareness tended to take less risk. Bearing on such results, suggestions are made for the improvement of communication in case of a fire and to develop users training in accordance with tunnel security specificities.","PeriodicalId":37470,"journal":{"name":"Psihologia Resurselor Umane","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42813970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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