Glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments were discovered in a small sandpit situated 800 m SE from Vindava (the Polský kopec Site). Sediments fill two channels located in superposition. Three facies associations (FA) were distinguished in this sedimentary section. The base of the lower channel is formed by gravel lag overlain by gravel-sandy sediments of 3-D dunes and a side bar (FA1). The upper channel infill begins also by basal lag and grades to a fining-upwards sequence from sand to silt (FA2). The sequence is formed from the base up by sediments of small 3-D dunes, A-type ripples, B-type ripples, C-type ripples, and horizontally laminated sediments. The sequence reveals a vertical transition from glaciofluvial (sand) to glaciolacustrine (silt) sedimentation. The sedimentary section is terminated by flat glaciofluvial bedforms (FA3) deposited under upper plane bed conditions. These bedforms arose after the restoration of glaciofluvial conditions. The base of the glaciolacustrine sequence is located at an altitude of ~ 275 m as well as the Old Kaolin Mine Site (850 m SW from the Polský kopec Site) where very similar sediments have been already described. The sediments of both localities represent a proglacial outwash plain in front of the retreating ice sheet (FA1 consists of ~ 23% of erratic rocks), where a relatively large lake, or a system of smaller lakes evolved at the same time.
{"title":"Glacifluviálně-glacilakustrinní sekvence u Vidnavy na severním okraji Žulovské pahorkatiny","authors":"Martin Hanáček, Katarína Adámeková","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2020-13660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2020-13660","url":null,"abstract":"Glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments were discovered in a small sandpit situated 800 m SE from Vindava (the Polský kopec Site). Sediments fill two channels located in superposition. Three facies associations (FA) were distinguished in this sedimentary section. The base of the lower channel is formed by gravel lag overlain by gravel-sandy sediments of 3-D dunes and a side bar (FA1). The upper channel infill begins also by basal lag and grades to a fining-upwards sequence from sand to silt (FA2). The sequence is formed from the base up by sediments of small 3-D dunes, A-type ripples, B-type ripples, C-type ripples, and horizontally laminated sediments. The sequence reveals a vertical transition from glaciofluvial (sand) to glaciolacustrine (silt) sedimentation. The sedimentary section is terminated by flat glaciofluvial bedforms (FA3) deposited under upper plane bed conditions. These bedforms arose after the restoration of glaciofluvial conditions. The base of the glaciolacustrine sequence is located at an altitude of ~ 275 m as well as the Old Kaolin Mine Site (850 m SW from the Polský kopec Site) where very similar sediments have been already described. The sediments of both localities represent a proglacial outwash plain in front of the retreating ice sheet (FA1 consists of ~ 23% of erratic rocks), where a relatively large lake, or a system of smaller lakes evolved at the same time. ","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71349421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new kind of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) ”Roteg“ was tested at generally known speleological sites in the Czech Republic. The first examined site – the Hranice Abyss located in the Hranice Karst – is the deepest underwater cave in the world. This GPR is characterised by much higher pulse power, antennas with rather high voltage (5–15 kV), and, in particular, the special design of the pulse generator. The radar survey near the Hranice Abyss has shown that it is possible to detect reflections of electromagnetic pulses coming from the speleogenic structures of the abyss itself and from lithological boundaries occurring below the water table – something which was not anticipated and was verified for the first time ever. Plausibly detectable reflections were detected from the depths of 580 m below the surface – which is approximately 515 m below the water level – using the longest available 6-metre antennas tuned to the frequency of 25 MHz. The second site tested was the quarry of Mala dohoda near the municipality of Holstejn, the Moravian Karst, the Czech Republic. The GPR used was the same as above except the power output to the transmitting antenna which produced pulses of 20 kV. The radarogram showed cavities located at the depth of up to 300 m, the layers on the boundary between Lažanky and Vilemovice members of limestone at the depth of 400 m, basement sandstones and conglomerates at the depth of 600–700 m, and granite rocks below this level. Both of the tests mentioned above confirmed the extraordinary big penetration depth of the GPR signal which exceeded 500 m when using the maximum power on transmitting antennas.
{"title":"Test of the maximum penetration depth of the Roteg GPR above the Hranice Abyss and in the Moravian Karst","authors":"P. Kalenda, R. Tengler, M. Geršl","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2020-13587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2020-13587","url":null,"abstract":"A new kind of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) ”Roteg“ was tested at generally known speleological sites in the Czech Republic. The first examined site – the Hranice Abyss located in the Hranice Karst – is the deepest underwater cave in the world. This GPR is characterised by much higher pulse power, antennas with rather high voltage (5–15 kV), and, in particular, the special design of the pulse generator. The radar survey near the Hranice Abyss has shown that it is possible to detect reflections of electromagnetic pulses coming from the speleogenic structures of the abyss itself and from lithological boundaries occurring below the water table – something which was not anticipated and was verified for the first time ever. Plausibly detectable reflections were detected from the depths of 580 m below the surface – which is approximately 515 m below the water level – using the longest available 6-metre antennas tuned to the frequency of 25 MHz. The second site tested was the quarry of Mala dohoda near the municipality of Holstejn, the Moravian Karst, the Czech Republic. The GPR used was the same as above except the power output to the transmitting antenna which produced pulses of 20 kV. The radarogram showed cavities located at the depth of up to 300 m, the layers on the boundary between Lažanky and Vilemovice members of limestone at the depth of 400 m, basement sandstones and conglomerates at the depth of 600–700 m, and granite rocks below this level. Both of the tests mentioned above confirmed the extraordinary big penetration depth of the GPR signal which exceeded 500 m when using the maximum power on transmitting antennas.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71349412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Růžena Gregorová, P. Petrová, Helena Gilíková, S. Nehyba, Rostislav Brzobohatý, Š. Hladilová, Matúš Hýžný, K. Zágoršek, Lucie Kleprlíková
The fossil assemblages of the foraminifers, bryozoans, molluscs, corals, decapods, sharks and teleosteans were analysed from the Litenčice sand pit in the middle part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The section can be assigned to the Karpatian Stage of the Central Paratethys regional stratigraphy (uppermost Lower Miocene) on the basis of species Uvigerina graciliformis Papp et Turn., Lampanyctus carpaticus (Brz.) and Agapilia pachii (Hoern.). Rich and diversified assemblages indicate mainly shallow water marine environment. Foraminifers and molluscs indicate salinity perturbations. Bryozoans and also molluscs document environment with relatively high dynamics and depth of water about 100 m. Foraminifers, fishes and sharks represent deeper water taxa and indicate a possible reworking of shallow-water elements. The studied sands and gravels of the Holešov Member of the Kroměříž Formation are interpreted as sediments of gravitational currents, more precisely dense turbidity currents (high-density turbidity currents) in the sense of Lowe (1982). The deposition environment can probably be placed on the submarine slope of the coarse-grained delta of the Gilbert type (so-called foresets). This study provided evidence of a number of fossil groups that occur at the site.
分析了喀尔巴阡山前深部中部Litenč冰沙坑中有孔虫、苔藓虫、软体动物、珊瑚、十足目、鲨鱼和硬骨鱼的化石组合。根据物种Uvigerina graciliformis Papp et Turn.，该剖面可划分为中副特提斯区域地层的Karpatian阶（最上中新世）。，Lampanytus carpaticus（Brz.）和Agapilia pachii（Hoern.）。丰富多样的组合表明主要是浅水海洋环境。有孔虫和软体动物表明盐度受到干扰。苔藓虫和软体动物记录了具有相对较高动态和水深约100米的环境。有孔虫、鱼类和鲨鱼代表了较深的水域分类群，表明浅水元素可能发生了改造。KromŞříž组Holešov段的研究砂和砾石被解释为重力流的沉积物，更准确地说，是Lowe（1982）意义上的稠密浊流（高密度浊流）。沉积环境可能位于吉尔伯特型粗粒三角洲（所谓的前积）的海底斜坡上。这项研究提供了一些化石群出现在该遗址的证据。
{"title":"Faunistické společenstvo kroměřížského souvrství na lokalitě Litenčice (karpatská předhlubeň, střední Morava)","authors":"Růžena Gregorová, P. Petrová, Helena Gilíková, S. Nehyba, Rostislav Brzobohatý, Š. Hladilová, Matúš Hýžný, K. Zágoršek, Lucie Kleprlíková","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2020-13582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2020-13582","url":null,"abstract":"The fossil assemblages of the foraminifers, bryozoans, molluscs, corals, decapods, sharks and teleosteans were analysed from the Litenčice sand pit in the middle part of the Carpathian Foredeep. The section can be assigned to the Karpatian Stage of the Central Paratethys regional stratigraphy (uppermost Lower Miocene) on the basis of species Uvigerina graciliformis Papp et Turn., Lampanyctus carpaticus (Brz.) and Agapilia pachii (Hoern.). Rich and diversified assemblages indicate mainly shallow water marine environment. Foraminifers and molluscs indicate salinity perturbations. Bryozoans and also molluscs document environment with relatively high dynamics and depth of water about 100 m. Foraminifers, fishes and sharks represent deeper water taxa and indicate a possible reworking of shallow-water elements. The studied sands and gravels of the Holešov Member of the Kroměříž Formation are interpreted as sediments of gravitational currents, more precisely dense turbidity currents (high-density turbidity currents) in the sense of Lowe (1982). The deposition environment can probably be placed on the submarine slope of the coarse-grained delta of the Gilbert type (so-called foresets). This study provided evidence of a number of fossil groups that occur at the site.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47076268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kateřina Rusňáková, Marek Slobodník, Rastislav Milovský
Hydrothermal mineralization in the Bučník quarry near Uherský Brod is the best locality for the study of this type of mineralization in the Outer Western Carpathians. The studied sulfide vein mineralization is genetically linked to Tertiary volcanics and represents a distance manifestation of the same vein type in the metallogenetic region of the Central Slovakian Volcanic Field.Study of vein structure, ore textures and structures, chemical composition of carbonates, isotope thermometry (isotopic composition of sulfur sphalerite/galena) and fluid inclusions, including microthermometry, shows that mineralization occurred under complex and variable conditions. Carbonates, defined as calcites with a proportion of Fe and Mn, dolomites and Fe- and Mn-dolomites, Mg-ankerites, show a highly variable chemical composition clearly documented as fine zones in CL-microscopy and BSE images.Fluid inclusions contain the aqueous system H2O-NaCl and H2O-NaCl + MgCl2 + FeCl2-3. Fluid salinity ranges from 2.7 to 14.7 mass% NaCl eq. whereas it is higher for sphalerite than for carbonates. The same trend is for homogenization temperatures in the range of 121-272 °C.Isotopic thermometry in combination with microthermometry shows a relatively wide probable range of temperature conditions. The younger carbonate mineralization may begin at temperatures of 125 °C and around 200 °C may overlap with a temperature of sulfide association that ranges from 170 °C to 335 °C. Isotopic thermometry also suggests possible higher temperatures up to 450 °C and above, but these highest temperatures are rather unlikely. The wide temperature range in which the mineralization originated is in accordance with the development of the hydrothermal system in a very dynamic environment in terms of tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal. The studied hydrothermal system has a number of physico-chemical parameters similar to vein systems in the Central Slovakian volcanics region.
{"title":"Hydrotermální karbonáty a termometrie žilné mineralizace v terciérních vulkanitech u Uherského Brodu","authors":"Kateřina Rusňáková, Marek Slobodník, Rastislav Milovský","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2020-13701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2020-13701","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrothermal mineralization in the Bučník quarry near Uherský Brod is the best locality for the study of this type of mineralization in the Outer Western Carpathians. The studied sulfide vein mineralization is genetically linked to Tertiary volcanics and represents a distance manifestation of the same vein type in the metallogenetic region of the Central Slovakian Volcanic Field.Study of vein structure, ore textures and structures, chemical composition of carbonates, isotope thermometry (isotopic composition of sulfur sphalerite/galena) and fluid inclusions, including microthermometry, shows that mineralization occurred under complex and variable conditions. Carbonates, defined as calcites with a proportion of Fe and Mn, dolomites and Fe- and Mn-dolomites, Mg-ankerites, show a highly variable chemical composition clearly documented as fine zones in CL-microscopy and BSE images.Fluid inclusions contain the aqueous system H2O-NaCl and H2O-NaCl + MgCl2 + FeCl2-3. Fluid salinity ranges from 2.7 to 14.7 mass% NaCl eq. whereas it is higher for sphalerite than for carbonates. The same trend is for homogenization temperatures in the range of 121-272 °C.Isotopic thermometry in combination with microthermometry shows a relatively wide probable range of temperature conditions. The younger carbonate mineralization may begin at temperatures of 125 °C and around 200 °C may overlap with a temperature of sulfide association that ranges from 170 °C to 335 °C. Isotopic thermometry also suggests possible higher temperatures up to 450 °C and above, but these highest temperatures are rather unlikely. The wide temperature range in which the mineralization originated is in accordance with the development of the hydrothermal system in a very dynamic environment in terms of tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal. The studied hydrothermal system has a number of physico-chemical parameters similar to vein systems in the Central Slovakian volcanics region.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71349015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tento článek informuje o výsledcích studia orientace křehkých poruch (puklin a zlomů) provedeného v prostoru jižně od Skalky u Prostějova. Tento prostor je situován na východním okraji Českého masivu v blízkosti kvasického zlomu. Křehké poruchy byly studovány zejména v kulmských horninách, sada deseti strmých puklin byla zjištěna také na lokalitě miocenních klastik. V kulmských sedimentech bylo rozlišeno několik systémů strmých až subvertikálních křehkých poruch (především puklin), na některých lokalitách byly pozorovány také mírně až středně ukloněné diskontinuity. Některé plochy byly tektonizované. Na lokalitě SP09A (v lomu severně od Pivína) byl pozorován relativně významný strmý zlom (horizontální posun) směru SSZ-JJV, který je pravděpodobně součástí zlomové struktury tvořící východní tektonické omezení vystouplého bloku kulmských hornin jižně od Skalky.
本文介绍了在Skalka u ProstŞjov以南地区进行的脆性障碍（裂缝和裂缝）定向研究的结果。该地区位于波西米亚地块的东部边缘，靠近酵母采石场。研究了脆性障碍，特别是在Kulm岩石中，在中厚碎屑岩的位置还发现了一组10条陡峭的裂缝。Kulm沉积物中有几个陡峭到近乎垂直的脆性断层系统（主要是裂缝），在一些地方观察到轻微到中度倾斜的不连续面。一些地区发生了构造作用。在SP09A现场（位于Pivín以北的采石场），观察到SSZ-JJV方向上相对显著的陡峭断裂（水平位移），这可能是形成Skalka以南Kulm岩石凸起块体东部构造限制的断裂结构的一部分。
{"title":"Orientace puklin a zlomů v kulmských horninách jižně od Skalky u Prostějova","authors":"Josef Havíř","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2020-13172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2020-13172","url":null,"abstract":"Tento článek informuje o výsledcích studia orientace křehkých poruch (puklin a zlomů) provedeného v prostoru jižně od Skalky u Prostějova. Tento prostor je situován na východním okraji Českého masivu v blízkosti kvasického zlomu. Křehké poruchy byly studovány zejména v kulmských horninách, sada deseti strmých puklin byla zjištěna také na lokalitě miocenních klastik. V kulmských sedimentech bylo rozlišeno několik systémů strmých až subvertikálních křehkých poruch (především puklin), na některých lokalitách byly pozorovány také mírně až středně ukloněné diskontinuity. Některé plochy byly tektonizované. Na lokalitě SP09A (v lomu severně od Pivína) byl pozorován relativně významný strmý zlom (horizontální posun) směru SSZ-JJV, který je pravděpodobně součástí zlomové struktury tvořící východní tektonické omezení vystouplého bloku kulmských hornin jižně od Skalky.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47908484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic matter, like pollen, plant detritus or subfossil woods can be found in sequences of fluvial sediments. Detail study of these remains help to assess age of accumulation processes, especially during the Holocene erosion/accumulation cycle. Two localities with exposed infill of the Bečva River valley were found near Osek nad Bečvou. The first outcrop is a gravel pit 1 km south of Osek nad Bečvou village. The second one is a river-cliff on the left bank of the Bečva River, 1 km westward of Oldřichov village, formed mostly during the extreme flood in 1997. Fluvial sediments, 4–5 m thick, of the the so called “lower flood-plain level” were exposed on both localities. At the base of the Oldřichov river-cliff was encountered a horizon of boggy soil with subfossil trunk at the base. In the gravel pit near Osek nad Bečvou was exposed layer of clay/silt with plant detritus. Up to 2 m thick middle/coarse grained gravel, situated beneath underground water level, underlie the organic-rich sediments in both localities. Badenian clay represents the bedrock of the river valley. Organic-rich layers are overlaid by middle/coarse grained gravel sediments passing gradually to sandy silt of the flood plain. Pollen analyses were made from the organic-rich layers and dendrological analysis, dendrochronology and radiometric dating from subfossil trunk.Organic-rich layer from Osek (sample LS001) was assigned to the early Holocene based on pollen analysis and represents the oldest age found. The Oldřichov samples come from oxbow sediment. The sample LV030V was poor in pollen grains and inconclusive. The sample LV030Z indicates Holocene climate optimum (Atlantic). This supposed age is compatible with radiometric dating of the subfossil trunk from the base of the layer. Radiocarbon dating using wiggle matching method gave age of 7 070–6 775 BC.Based on these data, repeated erosion/accumulation events during Late Pleistocene and Holocene are evident in Bečva River valley fill. Late Pleistocene accumulation was replaced with erosion during Late Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Erosion on the break of the Pleistocene and Holocene partly removed upper Pleistocene gravels so in places left reached level 2 m above the bedrock. The first third of Holocene (time of all interpreted data) seems to be very stable from erosion/accumulation evolution point of view. More dynamic evolution started with accumulation of “higher flood-plain level” (from cca 214 m a. s. l. up to 221 m a. s. l.). Subsequent erosion formed relatively deep cut in the northwest part of the flood plain which was filled relatively quickly by sediments as consequence of deforestation connected with a colonization of upper parts of Bečva River drainage area. This is supported by finds of much younger subfossil trunks dated from 1 century BC up to top of Middle-Age period in this accumulation (Vít et al. 2009). The surface of this accumulation is the so called “lower flood plain level” where periodicity of the
有机物质，如花粉、植物碎屑或亚化石木材可以在河流沉积物序列中找到。对这些遗迹的详细研究有助于评估堆积过程的年龄，特别是在全新世侵蚀/堆积循环期间。在Osek和be you附近发现了be va河谷两个暴露填充物的地方。第一个露头是Osek nad be you村以南1公里处的一个砾石坑。第二个是比瓦河左岸的河崖，在Oldřichov村以西1公里处，主要是在1997年特大洪水期间形成的。在这两个地方都暴露了所谓的“低洪泛平原”的4-5 m厚的河流沉积物。在Oldřichov河崖的底部，遇到了一层沼泽土壤，底部有亚化石树干。在Osek和bevou附近的砾石坑中，暴露了一层带有植物碎屑的粘土/淤泥。高达2米厚的中/粗粒砾石，位于地下水位以下，在两个地方的富有机质沉积物的下面。巴登尼亚粘土代表了河谷的基岩。富有机质层由中粗粒砾石沉积物覆盖，逐渐向洪泛平原砂质粉砂过渡。对富有机质层进行了花粉分析，对亚化石树干进行了树木学分析、年代学和放射性定年。根据花粉分析，Osek富有机质层(样品LS001)属于全新世早期，是目前发现的最古老的有机质层。Oldřichov样本来自牛轭沉积物。样品LV030V花粉粒含量较低，不确定。LV030Z样品显示全新世气候适宜(大西洋)。这个假定的年代与该层底部的亚化石树干的放射性定年是一致的。用摆动匹配法测定的放射性碳年代为公元前7070 - 6775年。根据这些资料，贝 va河流域充填体在晚更新世和全新世期间具有明显的反复侵蚀/堆积事件。在晚更新世-全新世过渡时期，沉积被侵蚀所取代。更新世和全新世断裂时的侵蚀作用部分移除了上更新世的砾石，因此在剩下的地方达到了基岩以上2米的高度。从侵蚀/堆积演化的角度来看，全新世的前三分之一(所有解释资料的时间)似乎非常稳定。更动态的演变始于“较高洪泛平原水平”的积累(从cca 214 m a.s.l.到221 m a.s.l.)。随后的侵蚀在洪泛区西北部形成了相对较深的切口，由于与be va河流域上游殖民化有关的森林砍伐，沉积物相对较快地填满了切口。这一点得到了更年轻的亚化石树干的发现的支持，这些树干可以追溯到公元前1世纪到中世纪的顶部(Vít et al. 2009)。这种堆积的表面是所谓的“下泛滥平原”，在洪水期间，淹没的周期性比上泛滥平原更有规律。
{"title":"Organické uloženiny fluviální výplně údolního dna řeky Bečvy u Oseku nad Bečvou a jejich vztah k vývoji sedimentace","authors":"J. Vít, E. Břízová, Tomáš Kolář, Michal Rybníček","doi":"10.5817/gvms2019-1-2-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/gvms2019-1-2-66","url":null,"abstract":"Organic matter, like pollen, plant detritus or subfossil woods can be found in sequences of fluvial sediments. Detail study of these remains help to assess age of accumulation processes, especially during the Holocene erosion/accumulation cycle. Two localities with exposed infill of the Bečva River valley were found near Osek nad Bečvou. The first outcrop is a gravel pit 1 km south of Osek nad Bečvou village. The second one is a river-cliff on the left bank of the Bečva River, 1 km westward of Oldřichov village, formed mostly during the extreme flood in 1997. Fluvial sediments, 4–5 m thick, of the the so called “lower flood-plain level” were exposed on both localities. At the base of the Oldřichov river-cliff was encountered a horizon of boggy soil with subfossil trunk at the base. In the gravel pit near Osek nad Bečvou was exposed layer of clay/silt with plant detritus. Up to 2 m thick middle/coarse grained gravel, situated beneath underground water level, underlie the organic-rich sediments in both localities. Badenian clay represents the bedrock of the river valley. Organic-rich layers are overlaid by middle/coarse grained gravel sediments passing gradually to sandy silt of the flood plain. Pollen analyses were made from the organic-rich layers and dendrological analysis, dendrochronology and radiometric dating from subfossil trunk.Organic-rich layer from Osek (sample LS001) was assigned to the early Holocene based on pollen analysis and represents the oldest age found. The Oldřichov samples come from oxbow sediment. The sample LV030V was poor in pollen grains and inconclusive. The sample LV030Z indicates Holocene climate optimum (Atlantic). This supposed age is compatible with radiometric dating of the subfossil trunk from the base of the layer. Radiocarbon dating using wiggle matching method gave age of 7 070–6 775 BC.Based on these data, repeated erosion/accumulation events during Late Pleistocene and Holocene are evident in Bečva River valley fill. Late Pleistocene accumulation was replaced with erosion during Late Pleistocene-Holocene transition. Erosion on the break of the Pleistocene and Holocene partly removed upper Pleistocene gravels so in places left reached level 2 m above the bedrock. The first third of Holocene (time of all interpreted data) seems to be very stable from erosion/accumulation evolution point of view. More dynamic evolution started with accumulation of “higher flood-plain level” (from cca 214 m a. s. l. up to 221 m a. s. l.). Subsequent erosion formed relatively deep cut in the northwest part of the flood plain which was filled relatively quickly by sediments as consequence of deforestation connected with a colonization of upper parts of Bečva River drainage area. This is supported by finds of much younger subfossil trunks dated from 1 century BC up to top of Middle-Age period in this accumulation (Vít et al. 2009). The surface of this accumulation is the so called “lower flood plain level” where periodicity of the ","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71349354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Skalka Deposit near Mníšek pod Brdy currently represents one of the best exposed localities of Ordovician oolitic iron ores in the Barrandian. The studied oolitic iron ores consist mainly of siderite (Fe = 1.47–1.86 apfu) and kaolinite (Si = 7.99–8.06 apfu; VIAl = 7.62–7.67 apfu). This mineral association has been formed as a result of the process of diagenesis and has resulted from the decomposition of chlorite and Fe-(oxo-)hydroxides. Presence of colofane indicates rather low temperatures for this transformation. Paleontological record makes the previous hypothesis, that the iron ore deposit was formed in an isolated depression separated from the Prague Basin by a flat elevation, questionable. The presence of abundant graptolites and agglutinated foraminifers in the shales of the Šárka Formation indicates rather deep-water open-marine conditions. Ferruginous ooids are typically formed on shoals affected by wave action. The presence of these ooids in deep-water shale and existence of oolitic iron ore deposit accompanied by this shale does not need to be explained by sudden shallowing, but more likely by reworking of ooids in gravity flows to sublittoral or bathyal depths. Original position of shoal was most likely situated towards NNW where ore deposit and finally the complete Šárka Formation disappear. The fossil record indicates open-marine realm southeast of the Skalka area.
{"title":"Nový pohled na genezi ordovické oolitické rudy z ložiska Skalka u Mníšku pod Brdy (pražská pánev, Barrandien)","authors":"D. Buriánek, M. Bubík, Dalibor Všianský","doi":"10.5817/gvms2019-1-2-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/gvms2019-1-2-80","url":null,"abstract":"The Skalka Deposit near Mníšek pod Brdy currently represents one of the best exposed localities of Ordovician oolitic iron ores in the Barrandian. The studied oolitic iron ores consist mainly of siderite (Fe = 1.47–1.86 apfu) and kaolinite (Si = 7.99–8.06 apfu; VIAl = 7.62–7.67 apfu). This mineral association has been formed as a result of the process of diagenesis and has resulted from the decomposition of chlorite and Fe-(oxo-)hydroxides. Presence of colofane indicates rather low temperatures for this transformation. Paleontological record makes the previous hypothesis, that the iron ore deposit was formed in an isolated depression separated from the Prague Basin by a flat elevation, questionable. The presence of abundant graptolites and agglutinated foraminifers in the shales of the Šárka Formation indicates rather deep-water open-marine conditions. Ferruginous ooids are typically formed on shoals affected by wave action. The presence of these ooids in deep-water shale and existence of oolitic iron ore deposit accompanied by this shale does not need to be explained by sudden shallowing, but more likely by reworking of ooids in gravity flows to sublittoral or bathyal depths. Original position of shoal was most likely situated towards NNW where ore deposit and finally the complete Šárka Formation disappear. The fossil record indicates open-marine realm southeast of the Skalka area.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47418657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Devonské sedimentární horniny tektonicky začleněné do brněnského masivu, východní okraj Českého masivu Devonská klastika severního okolí Brna jsou součástí sj. orientované zóny Babího lomu, která probíhá středem brněnského masivu. I když devon tvoří zdánlivě samostatný relikt, byly na jižním svahu kopce Strážná (369 m n. m.) nalezeny klíčové informace pro řešení stavby celé zóny Babího lomu: 1) Horninový sled devonských klastik je na dané lokalitě dostatečně variabilní (břidlice, prachovce, pískovce, křemenné a petromiktní slepence), což umožňuje dobře rozpoznat vrstevnatost i směr do nadloží. 2) Vrstevnatost devonských hornin se v z. části reliktu uklání k V a směrem na V se překlápí přes vertikální orientaci do pozice překocené s úklonem k Z. 3) Omezení devonských hornin je z části primární – transgresivní (na JZ s reliktním fosilním zvětráním podloží), z části tektonické (východní a sz. omezení). Uvedená pozorování lze v kombinaci se strukturně geologickými informacemi z okolí vysvětlit následující interpretací: 1) Devonské vrstvy tvoří překocenou vrásu. S největší pravděpodobností se jedná o antiklinálu s osní plochou ukloněnou k Z. 2) Vrásová stavba vznikla zřejmě v důsledku deformace vlekem podél násunového zlomu a tvoří spodní část tektonické šupiny. 3) Svrchní část této šupiny reprezentují horniny hřbetu Babího lomu. Následné křehké postižení vedlo k rozdělení struktury a posunutí částí do různých úrovní za vzniku dnešního obrazu geologické stavby.
构造整合到布尔诺地块、波希米亚地块东部边缘的泥盆纪沉积岩布尔诺北部环境的泥盆系经典是所谓的巴比洛姆定向带的一部分，该定向带穿过布尔诺地块的中心。尽管德文郡形成了一个看似独立的遗迹，但关键信息是在Strážná（369 m a.m.）山的南坡发现的：1）泥盆纪经典的采矿序列在给定的地点（板岩、灰尘、砂岩、石英和石化骨料）变化很大，这使得能够很好地识别分层和到覆盖层的方向。2） 部分遗迹中泥盆纪岩石的分层倾向于V，并且在V方向上在垂直方向上倾斜到一个向Z倾斜的翻转位置。3）泥盆纪的岩石局限性部分为原生海侵（在南部，底土的遗迹化石风化），部分为构造局限性（东部和sz.局限性）。这些观测结果，结合周围地区的结构地质信息，可以通过以下解释来解释：1）泥盆纪地层形成了一个过度褶皱。它很可能是一个轴向表面向Z倾斜的背斜。2）褶皱结构可能是由于沿进给断裂的牵引变形而形成的，并形成了构造规模的下部。3） 这一比例的上部由巴比洛姆山脊的岩石代表。随后的脆弱损伤导致了结构的划分和部分向不同层次的转移，形成了今天的地质结构。
{"title":"DEVONIAN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS TECTONICALLY INCORPORATED INTO THE BRNO MASSIF, EASTERN MARGIN OF THE BOHEMIAN MASSIF","authors":"Ján Klištinec, R. Melichar","doi":"10.5817/GVMS2018-1-2-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/GVMS2018-1-2-92","url":null,"abstract":"Devonské sedimentární horniny tektonicky začleněné do brněnského masivu, východní okraj Českého masivu Devonská klastika severního okolí Brna jsou součástí sj. orientované zóny Babího lomu, která probíhá středem brněnského masivu. I když devon tvoří zdánlivě samostatný relikt, byly na jižním svahu kopce Strážná (369 m n. m.) nalezeny klíčové informace pro řešení stavby celé zóny Babího lomu: 1) Horninový sled devonských klastik je na dané lokalitě dostatečně variabilní (břidlice, prachovce, pískovce, křemenné a petromiktní slepence), což umožňuje dobře rozpoznat vrstevnatost i směr do nadloží. 2) Vrstevnatost devonských hornin se v z. části reliktu uklání k V a směrem na V se překlápí přes vertikální orientaci do pozice překocené s úklonem k Z. 3) Omezení devonských hornin je z části primární – transgresivní (na JZ s reliktním fosilním zvětráním podloží), z části tektonické (východní a sz. omezení). Uvedená pozorování lze v kombinaci se strukturně geologickými informacemi z okolí vysvětlit následující interpretací: 1) Devonské vrstvy tvoří překocenou vrásu. S největší pravděpodobností se jedná o antiklinálu s osní plochou ukloněnou k Z. 2) Vrásová stavba vznikla zřejmě v důsledku deformace vlekem podél násunového zlomu a tvoří spodní část tektonické šupiny. 3) Svrchní část této šupiny reprezentují horniny hřbetu Babího lomu. Následné křehké postižení vedlo k rozdělení struktury a posunutí částí do různých úrovní za vzniku dnešního obrazu geologické stavby.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49380637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaroslav Šamánek, R. Mikuláš, Nela Doláková, Š. Hladilová
In 2015 the locality Borač-Podolí was newly examined. The locality is situated 8 km NW from the town of Tišnov. A large amount of shallow-water fossils of middle Miocene (Badenian) age was collected. The state of preservation of the material enabled us bivalve borings of ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites which were bored into colonies of hermatype corals and other calcareous hard substrates. In some of these borings, bivalves were found in situ. The borings were determined as Gastrochaenolites isp., Gastrochaenolites orbicularis, Gastrochaenolites lapidicus, Gastrochaenolites dijugus and Gastrochaenolites torpedo. The in situ bivalves were determined as Gastrochaena cf. intermedia, Rocellaria cf. dubia, Hiatella arctica and Cardita calyculata. The first three species probably represent primary borers while Cardita calyculata is probably a secondary user (squatter). Based on an analysis of fossil material, we can assume that borings were created aft er the death of corals during the repeated transport of these bioclasts. It led to colonizing of the whole surface of coral bioclasts. The bioclasts were then moved to deeper water. Transport to water with clay sedimentation enabled the preservation of the bivalves in situ in borings.
{"title":"VRTBY ICHNORODU GASTROCHAENOLITES JAKOŽTO ŽIVOTNÍ PROSTOR MLŽŮ Z LOKALITY BORAČ-PODOLÍ (KARPATSKÁ PŘEDHLUBEŇ, ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA)","authors":"Jaroslav Šamánek, R. Mikuláš, Nela Doláková, Š. Hladilová","doi":"10.5817/gvms2018-1-2-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/gvms2018-1-2-49","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015 the locality Borač-Podolí was newly examined. The locality is situated 8 km NW from the town of Tišnov. A large amount of shallow-water fossils of middle Miocene (Badenian) age was collected. The state of preservation of the material enabled us bivalve borings of ichnogenus Gastrochaenolites which were bored into colonies of hermatype corals and other calcareous hard substrates. In some of these borings, bivalves were found in situ. The borings were determined as Gastrochaenolites isp., Gastrochaenolites orbicularis, Gastrochaenolites lapidicus, Gastrochaenolites dijugus and Gastrochaenolites torpedo. The in situ bivalves were determined as Gastrochaena cf. intermedia, Rocellaria cf. dubia, Hiatella arctica and Cardita calyculata. The first three species probably represent primary borers while Cardita calyculata is probably a secondary user (squatter). Based on an analysis of fossil material, we can assume that borings were created aft er the death of corals during the repeated transport of these bioclasts. It led to colonizing of the whole surface of coral bioclasts. The bioclasts were then moved to deeper water. Transport to water with clay sedimentation enabled the preservation of the bivalves in situ in borings.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48169610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-17DOI: 10.5817/gvms2018-1-2-113
Josef Havíř
Broadband seismic station VRAC, operated by Institute of Physics of the Earth (Masaryk University) and situated westwards of village Vranov u Brna, is equipped with seismometer STS-2 high gain and by digitizer Quanterra Q330. This instrumentation allows recording of broad band of frequencies from tenths of Hz to hundreds of seconds. It is important for usage of the VRAC station, which is part of several seismic networks, including Czech regional seismic network and global International Monitoring System of the CTBTO. In frame of these networks, station VRAC has to record of seismic signal of both local and teleseismic events. During year 2017, station VRAC recorded 6 855 seismic events (10 699 picked seismic phases). More than 70% of recorded events were represented by local events with epicentral distance less than 360 km. Induced events (mining tremors) and quarry blasts dominated among these local events. In addition, 197 natural tectonic events were recorded (89 on the territory of the Czech Republic). In the region of the Bohemian massif, most important natural seismicity was observed in the area of west Bohemia, where seismic swarm occured in July 2017. Exceptional tectonic event (10. 12. 2017, ML = 3.5) was recorded from the NE part of the Bohemian Massif (near Hlučín). About 25% of events registered by station VRAC were represented by teleseismic events with epicentral distance exceeding 2 000 km, including Korean nuclear test from 3. 9. 2017. Records of relatively small teleseismic events show signifi cant eff ect of the PKP caustic zone in respect of detectability of station VRAC.
宽带地震台VRAC由地球物理研究所（Masaryk大学）运营，位于Vranov u Brna村以西，配备了STS-2高增益地震仪和Quanterra Q330数字化仪。这种仪器可以记录从十分之赫兹到数百秒的宽频带。VRAC台站是几个地震网络的一部分，包括捷克区域地震网络和禁核试组织的全球国际监测系统。在这些网络的框架内，VRAC站必须记录本地和远程地震事件的地震信号。2017年，VRAC台站记录了6 855次地震事件（10 699个地震相位）。超过70%的记录事件以震中距离小于360公里的局部事件为代表。诱发事件（采矿震动）和采石场爆炸在这些局部事件中占主导地位。此外，记录了197次自然构造事件（捷克共和国境内89次）。在波希米亚地块区域，最重要的自然地震活动发生在2017年7月发生地震群的西波希米亚地区。异常构造事件（10。2017年12月，ML=3.5）记录自波希米亚地块的NE部分（Hlučín附近）。VRAC台站登记的事件中，约有25%是震中距离超过2000公里的遥震事件，包括3日的朝鲜核试验。2017年9月。相对较小的遥震事件记录表明，PKP腐蚀带对VRAC站的可探测性有显著影响。
{"title":"SEISMICKÉ JEVY REGISTROVANÉ STANICÍ VRAC V ROCE 2017","authors":"Josef Havíř","doi":"10.5817/gvms2018-1-2-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/gvms2018-1-2-113","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband seismic station VRAC, operated by Institute of Physics of the Earth (Masaryk University) and situated westwards of village Vranov u Brna, is equipped with seismometer STS-2 high gain and by digitizer Quanterra Q330. This instrumentation allows recording of broad band of frequencies from tenths of Hz to hundreds of seconds. It is important for usage of the VRAC station, which is part of several seismic networks, including Czech regional seismic network and global International Monitoring System of the CTBTO. In frame of these networks, station VRAC has to record of seismic signal of both local and teleseismic events. During year 2017, station VRAC recorded 6 855 seismic events (10 699 picked seismic phases). More than 70% of recorded events were represented by local events with epicentral distance less than 360 km. Induced events (mining tremors) and quarry blasts dominated among these local events. In addition, 197 natural tectonic events were recorded (89 on the territory of the Czech Republic). In the region of the Bohemian massif, most important natural seismicity was observed in the area of west Bohemia, where seismic swarm occured in July 2017. Exceptional tectonic event (10. 12. 2017, ML = 3.5) was recorded from the NE part of the Bohemian Massif (near Hlučín). About 25% of events registered by station VRAC were represented by teleseismic events with epicentral distance exceeding 2 000 km, including Korean nuclear test from 3. 9. 2017. Records of relatively small teleseismic events show signifi cant eff ect of the PKP caustic zone in respect of detectability of station VRAC.","PeriodicalId":37485,"journal":{"name":"Geological Research in Moravia and Silesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49483604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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