Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.416-424
I. Chowdhury, Saroar Hossain, N. Das, Taslim Ahmed, Md Mahmudul Hasan
Rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and concerns over climate change have encouraged power generation from sustainable energy based microgrids. And to address the necessity of three-phase inverters in microgrid systems or sustainable-powered households, an Arduino-based three-phase inverter using MOSFET is designed, which converts DC into three-phase AC power. The designed system generates 223V square signals at each phase from a 12V battery through switching of three stages of power MOSFETs using pulse width modulation (PWM) signals at their gates from an Arduino Uno. Each stage of power MOSFETs consists of six transistors making it eighteen in total, which are used to perform the inversion process separately for each three single-phase connections. The system is programmed using an Arduino Uno to generate PWM signals and to keep 120 degrees phase displacement among each phase. Three step-up transformers are coupled at the outputs of MOSFET stages for amplification. The system generates 386.25V of voltage for the three-phase line delivering 0.58A of current using a 60W incandescent bulb at each phase as a load. The design and simulation of the electronic circuit are done by Proteus, and the programming codes are written using Arduino IDE. The designed system is practically contrasted and verified.
{"title":"Arduino-Based Three-Phase Inverter Using Power MOSFET for Application in Microgrid Systems","authors":"I. Chowdhury, Saroar Hossain, N. Das, Taslim Ahmed, Md Mahmudul Hasan","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.416-424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.416-424","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, and concerns over climate change have encouraged power generation from sustainable energy based microgrids. And to address the necessity of three-phase inverters in microgrid systems or sustainable-powered households, an Arduino-based three-phase inverter using MOSFET is designed, which converts DC into three-phase AC power. The designed system generates 223V square signals at each phase from a 12V battery through switching of three stages of power MOSFETs using pulse width modulation (PWM) signals at their gates from an Arduino Uno. Each stage of power MOSFETs consists of six transistors making it eighteen in total, which are used to perform the inversion process separately for each three single-phase connections. The system is programmed using an Arduino Uno to generate PWM signals and to keep 120 degrees phase displacement among each phase. Three step-up transformers are coupled at the outputs of MOSFET stages for amplification. The system generates 386.25V of voltage for the three-phase line delivering 0.58A of current using a 60W incandescent bulb at each phase as a load. The design and simulation of the electronic circuit are done by Proteus, and the programming codes are written using Arduino IDE. The designed system is practically contrasted and verified.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.377-388
Preeti Rani, T. Singh, M. Kaushik, V. Gahlaut
The advancement of wireless communication is markedly accountable from the past two decades. A variety of designs and techniques have been established in the domain of reconfigurable multiband antennas for different wireless services. Now a days, a high quality of communication with reduced size is required for new generation wireless system. A multiband reconfigurable functionality offers a flexible and high-performance design by single antenna only. A brief review on multiband antenna with different reconfigurable techniques is presented in this paper. Moreover, the new possibilities for future wireless communication system have been demonstrated. A reconfigurable system along with minimal interference level over the fixed or non-reconfigurable transceivers has been discussed in detail.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Multiband Reconfigurable Antenna","authors":"Preeti Rani, T. Singh, M. Kaushik, V. Gahlaut","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.377-388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.377-388","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of wireless communication is markedly accountable from the past two decades. A variety of designs and techniques have been established in the domain of reconfigurable multiband antennas for different wireless services. Now a days, a high quality of communication with reduced size is required for new generation wireless system. A multiband reconfigurable functionality offers a flexible and high-performance design by single antenna only. A brief review on multiband antenna with different reconfigurable techniques is presented in this paper. Moreover, the new possibilities for future wireless communication system have been demonstrated. A reconfigurable system along with minimal interference level over the fixed or non-reconfigurable transceivers has been discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.397-406
Lasseni Coulibaly, Fethi Ouallouche, V. Oduol
Security and reliability issues have always been a big challenge in digital communications. With the emerging 5G technologies, new requirements are introduced where latency reduction is one of the most important. In this paper, a joint security and reliability method is proposed to fulfil both requirements in a single step with reduced computational complexity that leads to reduced latency for 5G communication systems. Based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptosystem and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, the proposed method processes encryption and encoding at the same time. MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed method performs better compared to the previous conventional methods where encoding is done after encryption.
{"title":"Joint Cryptography and Channel-Coding Based on Low-Density Parity-Check Codes and Advanced Encryption Standard for 5G Systems","authors":"Lasseni Coulibaly, Fethi Ouallouche, V. Oduol","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.397-406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.397-406","url":null,"abstract":"Security and reliability issues have always been a big challenge in digital communications. With the emerging 5G technologies, new requirements are introduced where latency reduction is one of the most important. In this paper, a joint security and reliability method is proposed to fulfil both requirements in a single step with reduced computational complexity that leads to reduced latency for 5G communication systems. Based on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptosystem and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, the proposed method processes encryption and encoding at the same time. MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed method performs better compared to the previous conventional methods where encoding is done after encryption.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67722032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.369-376
G. Konwar, T. Bezboruah
Phase noise in a phase-locked loop is originated from reference oscillator, phase detector, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and frequency divider which make the system unstable by generating high phase noise at the output spectrum. In this work, a mathematical linear phase noise model is therefore developed to investigate the effect of reference noise, phase detector noise, voltage controlled oscillator noise, frequency divider noise and specifically the loop filter noise. For this purpose, the conventional active or passive low pass filter of the phase locked loop is replaced by a proportional-integral-derivative controller during acquisition. The noise problem of each component is formulated as a transfer function derived from linear analysis of the proposed mathematical noise model. The simulation results show that the effect of noise attenuation of voltage controlled oscillator is -40dB/decade while the noise attenuation of the reference noise, phase detector noise, proportional integral derivative controller noise and frequency divider noise are approximately -20dB/decade each. The 6.21GHz proposed proportional-integral-derivative controlled phase-locked loop is also highly stable with fast switching speed of 0.238nS at damping factor of 0.625 and phase margin of 92° for minimum phase noise.
{"title":"Studies on Phase Noise Profiles of Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controlled PLL","authors":"G. Konwar, T. Bezboruah","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.369-376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.369-376","url":null,"abstract":"Phase noise in a phase-locked loop is originated from reference oscillator, phase detector, loop filter, voltage controlled oscillator and frequency divider which make the system unstable by generating high phase noise at the output spectrum. In this work, a mathematical linear phase noise model is therefore developed to investigate the effect of reference noise, phase detector noise, voltage controlled oscillator noise, frequency divider noise and specifically the loop filter noise. For this purpose, the conventional active or passive low pass filter of the phase locked loop is replaced by a proportional-integral-derivative controller during acquisition. The noise problem of each component is formulated as a transfer function derived from linear analysis of the proposed mathematical noise model. The simulation results show that the effect of noise attenuation of voltage controlled oscillator is -40dB/decade while the noise attenuation of the reference noise, phase detector noise, proportional integral derivative controller noise and frequency divider noise are approximately -20dB/decade each. The 6.21GHz proposed proportional-integral-derivative controlled phase-locked loop is also highly stable with fast switching speed of 0.238nS at damping factor of 0.625 and phase margin of 92° for minimum phase noise.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/IJEETC.10.4.233-242
F. Dhiabi, M. Megherbi, A. Saadoune, R. Carotenuto, F. Pezzimenti
All technology instruments use electrical and electronic systems that, before their production, need to be verified via simulation software. A new simulation software called Python for Analog and Mixed Signals (PyAMS) has been programmed. As presented in this paper, the main objective of this software is to simplify the modeling of analog elements and circuits by using the python language to describe design schematics involving libraries, packages, and symbols. PyAMS would be a free software (GNU license). The circuit simulation in PyAMS allows a detailed frequency-domain analysis, DC analysis, and time-domain analysis. The output signals are acquired in different operating points and they are displayed by means of a dedicated waveform editor. The behavioral modeling of analog elements and the simulations results of different test circuits are reported in the text.
{"title":"PyAMS: A New Software for Modeling Analog Elements and Circuit Simulations","authors":"F. Dhiabi, M. Megherbi, A. Saadoune, R. Carotenuto, F. Pezzimenti","doi":"10.18178/IJEETC.10.4.233-242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/IJEETC.10.4.233-242","url":null,"abstract":"All technology instruments use electrical and electronic systems that, before their production, need to be verified via simulation software. A new simulation software called Python for Analog and Mixed Signals (PyAMS) has been programmed. As presented in this paper, the main objective of this software is to simplify the modeling of analog elements and circuits by using the python language to describe design schematics involving libraries, packages, and symbols. PyAMS would be a free software (GNU license). The circuit simulation in PyAMS allows a detailed frequency-domain analysis, DC analysis, and time-domain analysis. The output signals are acquired in different operating points and they are displayed by means of a dedicated waveform editor. The behavioral modeling of analog elements and the simulations results of different test circuits are reported in the text.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.355-361
Sanjay kumar Mirania, Kanika Sharma
It is imperative to perform energy-effective data transmission over a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to maintain the efficacy of the network; the sensor nodes in the network are responsible for relaying the data from the source to the destination node. To this end, a Mobile sink is introduced by the researchers to enhance the transmission ability. Though it is proved to be efficacious still energy consumption of the nodes is higher that in turn affects the reliability of the network. Researchers have developed various methods in which they have used the mobile sink that work in a static method. Thus, a novel approach is designed in which the network is evenly divided into five sections in which sensor nodes are equally distributed. The data transmission occurred through the Cluster Coordinator node (CCO) as they are rechargeable and assist in passing data to the mobile sink in each cluster with high efficacy. The simulation of the model is performed in MATLAB software for different network areas and different radius of sink mobility to evaluate the efficacy of the network in energy consumptions. The comparison with the traditional method demonstrated that incorporation of the CCO enabled the network to consume less energy and increase the network life span of the WSN area for data communication.
{"title":"Mobile Sink Based Improved Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm Using Cluster Coordinator Node in Wireless Sensor Network","authors":"Sanjay kumar Mirania, Kanika Sharma","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.355-361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.5.355-361","url":null,"abstract":"It is imperative to perform energy-effective data transmission over a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to maintain the efficacy of the network; the sensor nodes in the network are responsible for relaying the data from the source to the destination node. To this end, a Mobile sink is introduced by the researchers to enhance the transmission ability. Though it is proved to be efficacious still energy consumption of the nodes is higher that in turn affects the reliability of the network. Researchers have developed various methods in which they have used the mobile sink that work in a static method. Thus, a novel approach is designed in which the network is evenly divided into five sections in which sensor nodes are equally distributed. The data transmission occurred through the Cluster Coordinator node (CCO) as they are rechargeable and assist in passing data to the mobile sink in each cluster with high efficacy. The simulation of the model is performed in MATLAB software for different network areas and different radius of sink mobility to evaluate the efficacy of the network in energy consumptions. The comparison with the traditional method demonstrated that incorporation of the CCO enabled the network to consume less energy and increase the network life span of the WSN area for data communication.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.jeee.20210906.13
Spivak-Lavrov Igor
{"title":"About Calculation the Resistance of Two-dimensional Infinite Grid Systems","authors":"Spivak-Lavrov Igor","doi":"10.11648/j.jeee.20210906.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20210906.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77464721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.4.243-250
Qiu Yu Wong, Yih Bing Chu
Production variations are crucial factors that cause the reduction of production efficiency. These variations are often unpredictable and difficult to be interpreted directly from the production activity of the working station. Automated diagnostic of the causes to variations is therefore the key to overcome the issue. The system should also detect and diagnose variations for all the machines which are placed in the same manufacturing line at the same instance to prevent misaligned of production volume. To achieve this, Internet of thing (IoT) technology is proposed. The technology enables automatic data transfer without the need of human intervention. Through IoT, manufacturers are able to keep track the production activity and resolve problems encountered immediately. In addition, a typical random forest classification model is developed to analyze the production patterns and subsequently identify the causes to the unwanted variations. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper presents a first-time work on implementation of a mobile production monitoring system based on IoT and random forest classification. The methodology and technical matter to realize the implementation are highlighted and discussed. Overall, the proposed system has been tested accordingly and visualized through a developed mobile application.
{"title":"A Mobile Production Monitoring System Based on Internet of Thing (IoT) and Random Forest Classification","authors":"Qiu Yu Wong, Yih Bing Chu","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.4.243-250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.4.243-250","url":null,"abstract":"Production variations are crucial factors that cause the reduction of production efficiency. These variations are often unpredictable and difficult to be interpreted directly from the production activity of the working station. Automated diagnostic of the causes to variations is therefore the key to overcome the issue. The system should also detect and diagnose variations for all the machines which are placed in the same manufacturing line at the same instance to prevent misaligned of production volume. To achieve this, Internet of thing (IoT) technology is proposed. The technology enables automatic data transfer without the need of human intervention. Through IoT, manufacturers are able to keep track the production activity and resolve problems encountered immediately. In addition, a typical random forest classification model is developed to analyze the production patterns and subsequently identify the causes to the unwanted variations. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper presents a first-time work on implementation of a mobile production monitoring system based on IoT and random forest classification. The methodology and technical matter to realize the implementation are highlighted and discussed. Overall, the proposed system has been tested accordingly and visualized through a developed mobile application.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.389-396
Samar A. Refaat, H. A. Mohamed, Abdelhady M. Abdelhady, A. Mohra
In this paper, a wideband monopole antenna with reconfigurable frequency notch through wireless local area network (WLAN) (5.15-5.35GHz and 5.725-5.825GHz) or future wireless fidelity 6GHz (Wi-Fi-6E) (5.925-7.125GHz) band for C-band applications is presented. The conventional/basic monopole antenna consists of four-leaf clover antenna structure with cascaded feeder and Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The basic antenna is designed and then simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) and High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) readymade software programs. The antenna covering an operational bandwidth extends from 4.2GHz to 9.2GHz while the gain is around 4.0dBi. Two simple resonator conductors are added near the thin feeder of antenna to realize the notched frequency. The rejected frequency within WLAN or Wi-Fi 6E bands is controlled by the resonator conductor lengths, so Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diodes switches are inserted to achieve the required length for each rejected band. Finally, each of the basic antenna and the proposed notched antenna are fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in good agreements with the simulated results of CST and HFSS, providing good antenna performance and sharp notches with good rejection values.
{"title":"A Reconfigurable Notched Band Monopole Antenna for C-Band Applications","authors":"Samar A. Refaat, H. A. Mohamed, Abdelhady M. Abdelhady, A. Mohra","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.389-396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.389-396","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a wideband monopole antenna with reconfigurable frequency notch through wireless local area network (WLAN) (5.15-5.35GHz and 5.725-5.825GHz) or future wireless fidelity 6GHz (Wi-Fi-6E) (5.925-7.125GHz) band for C-band applications is presented. The conventional/basic monopole antenna consists of four-leaf clover antenna structure with cascaded feeder and Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The basic antenna is designed and then simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) and High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) readymade software programs. The antenna covering an operational bandwidth extends from 4.2GHz to 9.2GHz while the gain is around 4.0dBi. Two simple resonator conductors are added near the thin feeder of antenna to realize the notched frequency. The rejected frequency within WLAN or Wi-Fi 6E bands is controlled by the resonator conductor lengths, so Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diodes switches are inserted to achieve the required length for each rejected band. Finally, each of the basic antenna and the proposed notched antenna are fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in good agreements with the simulated results of CST and HFSS, providing good antenna performance and sharp notches with good rejection values.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67722072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.425-430
Hamdi W. Rotib, M. B. Nappu, Z. Tahir, A. Arief, M. A. Shiddiq
Many types of research have been conducted for the development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and energy consumption forecasting. In this research, the electric load forecasting is designed with the development of microcontrollers, sensors, and actuators, added with cameras, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) touch screen, and minicomputers, to improve the IoT smart home system. Using the Python program, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) algorithms are integrated into the website interface for electric load forecasting. As provisions for forecasting, a monthly dataset is needed which consists of electric current variables, number of individuals living in the house, room light intensity, weather conditions in terms of temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The main hardware parts are ESP32, ACS712, electromechanical relay, Raspberry Pi, RPi Camera, infrared Light Emitting Diode (LED), Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor, and LCD touch screen. While the main software applications are Arduino Interactive Development Environment (IDE), Visual Studio Code, and Raspberry Pi OS, added with many libraries for Python 3 IDE. The experimental results provided the fact that PCA and ARIMA can predict short-term household electric load accurately. Furthermore, by using Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud computing server, the IoT smart home system has excellent data package performances.
针对物联网(IoT)设备的开发和能源消耗预测进行了许多类型的研究。本研究通过开发微控制器、传感器和执行器，加上摄像头、液晶显示器(LCD)触摸屏和微型计算机，来设计电力负荷预测，以完善物联网智能家居系统。使用Python程序，将主成分分析(PCA)和自回归综合移动平均(ARIMA)算法集成到网站界面中进行电力负荷预测。作为预测的条件，需要一个每月的数据集，该数据集包括电流变量、居住在房子里的人数、房间光线强度、温度、湿度和风速等天气条件。主要硬件部分有ESP32、ACS712、机电继电器、树莓派、RPi摄像头、红外发光二极管(LED)、光相关电阻(LDR)传感器、LCD触摸屏。而主要的软件应用是Arduino交互式开发环境(IDE)， Visual Studio Code和树莓派操作系统，为Python 3 IDE添加了许多库。实验结果表明，PCA和ARIMA能较准确地预测短期家庭用电负荷。此外，物联网智能家居系统通过使用亚马逊网络服务(AWS)云计算服务器，具有出色的数据包性能。
{"title":"Electric Load Forecasting for Internet of Things Smart Home Using Hybrid PCA and ARIMA Algorithm","authors":"Hamdi W. Rotib, M. B. Nappu, Z. Tahir, A. Arief, M. A. Shiddiq","doi":"10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.425-430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijeetc.10.6.425-430","url":null,"abstract":"Many types of research have been conducted for the development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and energy consumption forecasting. In this research, the electric load forecasting is designed with the development of microcontrollers, sensors, and actuators, added with cameras, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) touch screen, and minicomputers, to improve the IoT smart home system. Using the Python program, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) algorithms are integrated into the website interface for electric load forecasting. As provisions for forecasting, a monthly dataset is needed which consists of electric current variables, number of individuals living in the house, room light intensity, weather conditions in terms of temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The main hardware parts are ESP32, ACS712, electromechanical relay, Raspberry Pi, RPi Camera, infrared Light Emitting Diode (LED), Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor, and LCD touch screen. While the main software applications are Arduino Interactive Development Environment (IDE), Visual Studio Code, and Raspberry Pi OS, added with many libraries for Python 3 IDE. The experimental results provided the fact that PCA and ARIMA can predict short-term household electric load accurately. Furthermore, by using Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud computing server, the IoT smart home system has excellent data package performances.","PeriodicalId":37533,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Telecommunications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67721784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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