Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346327
J. Floch, B. El Jaafari, Ahmed El Sayed Ahmed
The increasing demand for safety and security in the different means of transport (carriers) leads to a growing need for real-time video monitoring systems. The significant limitation was that the video feed could only be stored locally and downloaded once the carrier was arrived at the destination. Recently, an important progress has been made for overcoming this challenge, and we are starting to see a significant deployment of real-time high-quality video transmission. In this paper, a novel wideband antenna array for real-time data and high-quality video transmission is presented. The antenna array consists of four elements, disturbed regularly over the ground plane. This antenna array is designed to use a large combination of mobile frequency bands in order to transmit the desired information. For experimental tests of the antenna performances, a prototype of the designed antenna array is manufactured and then tested. A good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained and validates the design.
{"title":"Wideband antenna array for real-time data and video transmission","authors":"J. Floch, B. El Jaafari, Ahmed El Sayed Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346327","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for safety and security in the different means of transport (carriers) leads to a growing need for real-time video monitoring systems. The significant limitation was that the video feed could only be stored locally and downloaded once the carrier was arrived at the destination. Recently, an important progress has been made for overcoming this challenge, and we are starting to see a significant deployment of real-time high-quality video transmission. In this paper, a novel wideband antenna array for real-time data and high-quality video transmission is presented. The antenna array consists of four elements, disturbed regularly over the ground plane. This antenna array is designed to use a large combination of mobile frequency bands in order to transmit the desired information. For experimental tests of the antenna performances, a prototype of the designed antenna array is manufactured and then tested. A good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained and validates the design.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134496808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346304
K. G. Kjelgård, T. Lande
A K-band UWB quadrature receiver with a precision rectifier for non-coherent detection of pulses is implemented in 90 nm CMOS. The LNA topology is a Common Gate - Common Source topology followed by a double-balanced Gilbert mixer for down conversion. Without the rectifier the measured peak conversion gain is 10 dB with a -3 dB bandwidth of 4.4 GHz and a NF of 15 dB consuming 50 mA. To rectify the pulses a transconductance amplifier together with a precision full wave rectifier (PFWR) based on current steering is implemented. The full receiver chain with down-conversion and rectification of pulses are demonstrated with measurements.
{"title":"A CMOS UWB K-band impulse radar receiver","authors":"K. G. Kjelgård, T. Lande","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346304","url":null,"abstract":"A K-band UWB quadrature receiver with a precision rectifier for non-coherent detection of pulses is implemented in 90 nm CMOS. The LNA topology is a Common Gate - Common Source topology followed by a double-balanced Gilbert mixer for down conversion. Without the rectifier the measured peak conversion gain is 10 dB with a -3 dB bandwidth of 4.4 GHz and a NF of 15 dB consuming 50 mA. To rectify the pulses a transconductance amplifier together with a precision full wave rectifier (PFWR) based on current steering is implemented. The full receiver chain with down-conversion and rectification of pulses are demonstrated with measurements.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121416600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346289
T. Wagner, R. Feger, A. Stelzer
We present in this paper modifications of the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm in order to detect pedestrians with a conventional automotive 77-GHz frequency modulated radar system. These modification include dimension scaling as preprocessing and a generalization of the ε-neighborhood notation by introducing a size parameter to constitute the new Ellipsoid DBSCAN (EDBSCAN) algorithm. With these modifications we could successfully cluster real-world measurement data in order to get reasonable cluster representations of pedestrians in a cluttered environment.
{"title":"Modification of DBSCAN and application to range/Doppler/DoA measurements for pedestrian recognition with an automotive radar system","authors":"T. Wagner, R. Feger, A. Stelzer","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346289","url":null,"abstract":"We present in this paper modifications of the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm in order to detect pedestrians with a conventional automotive 77-GHz frequency modulated radar system. These modification include dimension scaling as preprocessing and a generalization of the ε-neighborhood notation by introducing a size parameter to constitute the new Ellipsoid DBSCAN (EDBSCAN) algorithm. With these modifications we could successfully cluster real-world measurement data in order to get reasonable cluster representations of pedestrians in a cluttered environment.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128310739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346226
Risto Vehmas, J. Jylha, Minna Vaila, Jarkko Kylmala
The traditional approach to inverse synthetic aperture radar translational motion compensation is to solve the problem in the two distinct parts of range alignment and autofocus. In this paper, we follow this practice and propose an approach based on the global range alignment and contrast optimization autofocus methods. The proposed range alignment procedure parametrizes the track as a spline polynomial and minimizes the loss function determined by the sum of the squared envelope differences. The necessary numerical global optimization is performed with the differential evolution algorithm. The solution of the autofocus problem is produced with first order numerical optimization, as we solve it by using an expression derived for the gradient of the loss function. In this paper, we consider the back-projection case but the proposed approach is easily extended to other reconstruction techniques. We use simulated inverse synthetic aperture radar data to demonstrate the proposed approach and to illustrate its computational efficiency.
{"title":"A computationally feasible optimization approach to inverse SAR translational motion compensation","authors":"Risto Vehmas, J. Jylha, Minna Vaila, Jarkko Kylmala","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346226","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional approach to inverse synthetic aperture radar translational motion compensation is to solve the problem in the two distinct parts of range alignment and autofocus. In this paper, we follow this practice and propose an approach based on the global range alignment and contrast optimization autofocus methods. The proposed range alignment procedure parametrizes the track as a spline polynomial and minimizes the loss function determined by the sum of the squared envelope differences. The necessary numerical global optimization is performed with the differential evolution algorithm. The solution of the autofocus problem is produced with first order numerical optimization, as we solve it by using an expression derived for the gradient of the loss function. In this paper, we consider the back-projection case but the proposed approach is easily extended to other reconstruction techniques. We use simulated inverse synthetic aperture radar data to demonstrate the proposed approach and to illustrate its computational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129779236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346280
Xavier Dérobert, G. Villain, A. Ihamouten
This paper deals with the recent developments in France on the use of electromagnetic (EM) non-destructive techniques (NDT) to assess indicators of concrete conditions and durability of reinforced concrete structures. Through several National Projects, electromagnetic characterization on homogeneous concretes has been regularly studied in laboratories, by using as well specific cells as testing EM NDT techniques, such as ground-penetrating radar, capacitive or electric ones. Results show the great potential of the sensitivity and the complementarities of such ND techniques to give quantitative information on the surveyed concrete structures.
{"title":"Recent developments of EM non-destructive testing in the radar frequency-band for the evaluation of cover concretes","authors":"Xavier Dérobert, G. Villain, A. Ihamouten","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346280","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the recent developments in France on the use of electromagnetic (EM) non-destructive techniques (NDT) to assess indicators of concrete conditions and durability of reinforced concrete structures. Through several National Projects, electromagnetic characterization on homogeneous concretes has been regularly studied in laboratories, by using as well specific cells as testing EM NDT techniques, such as ground-penetrating radar, capacitive or electric ones. Results show the great potential of the sensitivity and the complementarities of such ND techniques to give quantitative information on the surveyed concrete structures.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125202428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346326
C. Dahl, I. Rolfes, M. Vogt
In this contribution a MIMO radar concept based on a hexagonal configuration of antenna elements is presented. The concept has been designed for a radar system with 7 transmitting and 7 receiving antenna elements and has been compared to a common two dimensional MIMO arrangement. It is shown that the presented hexagonal setup improves the side lobe suppression by 3 dB while enhancing the angular resolution to 13.8°. Furthermore a thinning method for the hexagonal arrangement is presented. Finally, radar measurements have been performed in order to compare the performance of the concepts in a close range scenario.
{"title":"Comparison of virtual arrays for MIMO radar applications based on hexagonal configurations","authors":"C. Dahl, I. Rolfes, M. Vogt","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346326","url":null,"abstract":"In this contribution a MIMO radar concept based on a hexagonal configuration of antenna elements is presented. The concept has been designed for a radar system with 7 transmitting and 7 receiving antenna elements and has been compared to a common two dimensional MIMO arrangement. It is shown that the presented hexagonal setup improves the side lobe suppression by 3 dB while enhancing the angular resolution to 13.8°. Furthermore a thinning method for the hexagonal arrangement is presented. Finally, radar measurements have been performed in order to compare the performance of the concepts in a close range scenario.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114602129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346223
K. Sainath, F. Teixeira, S. Hensley
We model coherence trends in vv-polarized Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images arising specifically from the penetration of electromagnetic (EM) waves into geophysical media. Departing from previous InSAR coherence models, we simultaneously incorporate the interacting effects (on coherence) of (i) “multi-bounce” (wave guidance) within an arbitrary number of dielectric layers, (ii) azimuthal deviation in antenna pointing, (iii) local topography, and (iv) subsurface interface and volume scatter mechanisms. Including multi-bounce phenomena, in particular, allows better understanding of chief mechanisms behind backscatter enhancement, and the resultant strong corruption of InSAR observables, arising from interrogation of strongly guiding geophysical medium layers. Moreover, modeling the subsurface guidance behavior's influence from terrain topography expands upon many previous InSAR models that assumed simpler terrain and sensor geometries. As the two key results of this paper then, we quantitatively elucidate (i) how guidance behavior in dielectric slabs can engender unbounded, diverging interferometric phase bias, as well as (ii) how terrain sloping can render sub-sections of InSAR coherence images, generated by otherwise terrain-robust sensor geometries, susceptible to guidance-related phase bias and correlation degradation.
{"title":"Interferometric SAR coherence arising from the vertically-polarized electromagnetic interrogation of layered, penetrable dielectric media","authors":"K. Sainath, F. Teixeira, S. Hensley","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346223","url":null,"abstract":"We model coherence trends in vv-polarized Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images arising specifically from the penetration of electromagnetic (EM) waves into geophysical media. Departing from previous InSAR coherence models, we simultaneously incorporate the interacting effects (on coherence) of (i) “multi-bounce” (wave guidance) within an arbitrary number of dielectric layers, (ii) azimuthal deviation in antenna pointing, (iii) local topography, and (iv) subsurface interface and volume scatter mechanisms. Including multi-bounce phenomena, in particular, allows better understanding of chief mechanisms behind backscatter enhancement, and the resultant strong corruption of InSAR observables, arising from interrogation of strongly guiding geophysical medium layers. Moreover, modeling the subsurface guidance behavior's influence from terrain topography expands upon many previous InSAR models that assumed simpler terrain and sensor geometries. As the two key results of this paper then, we quantitatively elucidate (i) how guidance behavior in dielectric slabs can engender unbounded, diverging interferometric phase bias, as well as (ii) how terrain sloping can render sub-sections of InSAR coherence images, generated by otherwise terrain-robust sensor geometries, susceptible to guidance-related phase bias and correlation degradation.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114895134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346286
B. Pyne, V. Ravindra, H. Saito
In pulsed synthetic aperture radar there are several constraints which restrict the selection of the pulse repetition frequency in order to obtain a good radar image. Also, it is desirable to operate the radar at larger nadir off-set angles in order to observe a wider swath-width. However, this is greatly limited by the increase in range ambiguity and nadir echo interference at large nadir off-set angles. In this paper, we propose an improved pulse repetition frequency selection scheme based on two novel ideas making it possible to operate the system at larger nadir off-set angles which is highly desirable.
{"title":"An improved pulse repetition frequency selection scheme for synthetic aperture radar","authors":"B. Pyne, V. Ravindra, H. Saito","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346286","url":null,"abstract":"In pulsed synthetic aperture radar there are several constraints which restrict the selection of the pulse repetition frequency in order to obtain a good radar image. Also, it is desirable to operate the radar at larger nadir off-set angles in order to observe a wider swath-width. However, this is greatly limited by the increase in range ambiguity and nadir echo interference at large nadir off-set angles. In this paper, we propose an improved pulse repetition frequency selection scheme based on two novel ideas making it possible to operate the system at larger nadir off-set angles which is highly desirable.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129568991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346265
K. Radecki, P. Samczyński, K. Kulpa, J. Drozdowicz
UAV-based SAR systems require not only powerful, but also small and energy-efficient computing platforms. The implementation of a real-time unfocused SAR processor implemented on a portable GPU based computer is proposed in this paper. The algorithms and computation methods used are presented and a comparison an older processing system is shown. The developed unfocused SAR processor was thoroughly tested with real data acquired from an airborne FMCW radar and example SAR images are presented. The use of a more powerful portable GPU based computer is proposed, together with advanced aircraft movement compensation and focused SAR implementation.
{"title":"A real-time unfocused SAR processor based on a portable CUDA GPU","authors":"K. Radecki, P. Samczyński, K. Kulpa, J. Drozdowicz","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346265","url":null,"abstract":"UAV-based SAR systems require not only powerful, but also small and energy-efficient computing platforms. The implementation of a real-time unfocused SAR processor implemented on a portable GPU based computer is proposed in this paper. The algorithms and computation methods used are presented and a comparison an older processing system is shown. The developed unfocused SAR processor was thoroughly tested with real data acquired from an airborne FMCW radar and example SAR images are presented. The use of a more powerful portable GPU based computer is proposed, together with advanced aircraft movement compensation and focused SAR implementation.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117189179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-07DOI: 10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346224
A. Bacci, M. Martorella, D. Gray, F. Berizzi
Clutter suppression is needed to detect slow moving ground targets within SAR scenes and this becomes possible when sufficient spatial degrees of freedom are available. In this paper a processing scheme that exploits a high PRF single channel SAR system to emulate a multichannel SAR system is presented. A signal model of the virtual M-SAR is presented and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated on simulated data.
{"title":"Clutter suppression and imaging of non-cooperative moving targets via virtual multichannel SAR","authors":"A. Bacci, M. Martorella, D. Gray, F. Berizzi","doi":"10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EURAD.2015.7346224","url":null,"abstract":"Clutter suppression is needed to detect slow moving ground targets within SAR scenes and this becomes possible when sufficient spatial degrees of freedom are available. In this paper a processing scheme that exploits a high PRF single channel SAR system to emulate a multichannel SAR system is presented. A signal model of the virtual M-SAR is presented and the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated on simulated data.","PeriodicalId":376019,"journal":{"name":"2015 European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132977978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：