YR Xiong, I. Manawasinghe, S.S.N. Maharachchikumbura, L. Lu, Zy Dong, MM Xiang, B. Xu
{"title":"Pestalotioid species associated with palm species from Southern China","authors":"YR Xiong, I. Manawasinghe, S.S.N. Maharachchikumbura, L. Lu, Zy Dong, MM Xiang, B. Xu","doi":"10.5943/cream/12/1/18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/12/1/18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86593083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Aritonang, J. Mamangkey, D. Suryanto, E. Munir, A. Hartanto
Efforts have been made to develop fungal isolates with the ability to degrade chicken feather waste. The goal of this study was to find and test the ability of keratinolytic fungi isolated from the soil around chicken and goat farms to degrade chicken feather waste. The keratinolytic fungi were preliminarily screened for their proteolytic activity on skim milk agar medium. The study obtained forty six isolates that were characterized based on the fungal colonies color or fungal morphotypes. Eight fungal isolates (A2, A7, A12, A18, A29, A31, K1, and K2) displayed considerable proteolytic activities and total degradation of chicken feather in the fermentation medium or feather meal broth in 10 days. Based on the molecular analysis, the species identity of potential isolates namely K2, and A18 were assigned as Yunnania carbonaria and Penicillium citrinum.
{"title":"Potential of keratinolytic fungi isolated from chicken and goat farms soil, North Sumatra","authors":"R. Aritonang, J. Mamangkey, D. Suryanto, E. Munir, A. Hartanto","doi":"10.5943/cream/12/1/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/12/1/2","url":null,"abstract":"Efforts have been made to develop fungal isolates with the ability to degrade chicken feather waste. The goal of this study was to find and test the ability of keratinolytic fungi isolated from the soil around chicken and goat farms to degrade chicken feather waste. The keratinolytic fungi were preliminarily screened for their proteolytic activity on skim milk agar medium. The study obtained forty six isolates that were characterized based on the fungal colonies color or fungal morphotypes. Eight fungal isolates (A2, A7, A12, A18, A29, A31, K1, and K2) displayed considerable proteolytic activities and total degradation of chicken feather in the fermentation medium or feather meal broth in 10 days. Based on the molecular analysis, the species identity of potential isolates namely K2, and A18 were assigned as Yunnania carbonaria and Penicillium citrinum.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84783861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Alvarado, A. W. Rollins, K. M. Gutiérrez, Pedro Rojas Camacho
The moist chamber technique, as it is used in myxomycete research, is an extremely useful method to optimize project resources. However, as it occurs with any laboratory-based protocol, the usefulness of this technique should be evaluated using contextual elements, most of which, are lacking in the literature. The present study evaluated the results obtained using the moist chamber technique with the same substrate material, synchronously, in two different laboratories in Costa Rica. Using climate data obtained at both isolation localities and microclimate data obtained directly from the moist chambers, an analysis of differences in results was attempted. Even though variations in results are intrinsic to biological surveys, the results presented herein suggested that some recorded differences could have been linked to the air humidity and the temperature of the moist chamber culture. Even though the two laboratories were only 30 km apart, an average difference of 8.5% in the values of the diversity indices was observed. Also, between 15% and 19% of the species recorded in the total dataset were only observed in one laboratory. In this manner, the present study is useful to keep in mind that myxomycete results using the moist chamber technique, can be extremely influenced by variables that are usually not considered in the general application of the protocol. Perhaps it is time to work on an optimized version of such useful technique.
{"title":"Can the location of the isolation laboratory affect the generation of myxomycete data using moist chambers? An experiment in the Neotropics","authors":"C. Alvarado, A. W. Rollins, K. M. Gutiérrez, Pedro Rojas Camacho","doi":"10.5943/CREAM/11/1/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/CREAM/11/1/6","url":null,"abstract":"The moist chamber technique, as it is used in myxomycete research, is an extremely useful method to optimize project resources. However, as it occurs with any laboratory-based protocol, the usefulness of this technique should be evaluated using contextual elements, most of which, are lacking in the literature. The present study evaluated the results obtained using the moist chamber technique with the same substrate material, synchronously, in two different laboratories in Costa Rica. Using climate data obtained at both isolation localities and microclimate data obtained directly from the moist chambers, an analysis of differences in results was attempted. Even though variations in results are intrinsic to biological surveys, the results presented herein suggested that some recorded differences could have been linked to the air humidity and the temperature of the moist chamber culture. Even though the two laboratories were only 30 km apart, an average difference of 8.5% in the values of the diversity indices was observed. Also, between 15% and 19% of the species recorded in the total dataset were only observed in one laboratory. In this manner, the present study is useful to keep in mind that myxomycete results using the moist chamber technique, can be extremely influenced by variables that are usually not considered in the general application of the protocol. Perhaps it is time to work on an optimized version of such useful technique.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84916647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DL Harishchandra, K. Chethana, W. Zhang, QK Xing, J. Peng, S. Brooks, K. Hyde, XH Li, J. Yan
Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens are one of the main factors contributing to severe economic losses due to reductions in yield and the quality of crops. Studying the fungal genes related to pathogenicity to reveal their infection mechanism through genome editing can play an important role in the management of these diseases. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) system is a versatile tool for genome engineering which has recently been adopted for sequence specific regulation of gene expression in many plant pathogenic fungal genomes. It is the current scientific consensus point of view that this simple RNA guided genome editing tool is cheaper, easier to use, and is higher in gene modification efficiency than any other available gene editing tool. In this mini review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the CRISPR/Cas9 technique and its recent improvements and applications beyond gene editing. We discuss and summarize a few recent studies targeting phytopathogenic fungal genomes, potential applications, the remaining challenges, and future perspectives. Our analysis provides insights into how this method can be more widely applied to combat fungal phytopathogens.
{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9: Contemporary designer nucleases for efficient genome editing in phytopathogenic fungi","authors":"DL Harishchandra, K. Chethana, W. Zhang, QK Xing, J. Peng, S. Brooks, K. Hyde, XH Li, J. Yan","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/26","url":null,"abstract":"Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens are one of the main factors contributing to severe economic losses due to reductions in yield and the quality of crops. Studying the fungal genes related to pathogenicity to reveal their infection mechanism through genome editing can play an important role in the management of these diseases. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (Cas9) system is a versatile tool for genome engineering which has recently been adopted for sequence specific regulation of gene expression in many plant pathogenic fungal genomes. It is the current scientific consensus point of view that this simple RNA guided genome editing tool is cheaper, easier to use, and is higher in gene modification efficiency than any other available gene editing tool. In this mini review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the CRISPR/Cas9 technique and its recent improvements and applications beyond gene editing. We discuss and summarize a few recent studies targeting phytopathogenic fungal genomes, potential applications, the remaining challenges, and future perspectives. Our analysis provides insights into how this method can be more widely applied to combat fungal phytopathogens.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"376 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74875813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Lagiotis, E. Topalidou, I. Bosmali, M. Osathanunkul, P. Madesis
Fungi comprise one of the largest and diverse groups of eukaryotes. Macromycetes, which are commonly known as mushrooms, include species in Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Macromycetes are essential for ecosystem functioning and have high commercial value owing to their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite the importance of macrofungi for the ecosystem and human welfare, macromycete diversity and phylogeny are poorly characterized, owing to the lack of molecular-based biodiversity descriptors supporting phenotypic classifications, especially for biodiversity rich countries such as Greece. In this study, we implemented a multi-marker DNA barcoding approach, utilizing the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) and part of the 28S nuclear ribosomal Large Subunit (nrLSU) rDNA regions, for the molecular identification of representative Greek macromycetes. Our analysis involved 103 Greek macromycetes covering seven genera of Basidiomycota (Agaricus, Amanita, Boletus, Cantharellus, Lactarius, Pleurotus, and Russula) and one genus of Ascomycota (Morchella). Phylogenetic inference based on the generated rDNA sequences, revealed high DNA divergence among most of the examined macromycete genera, which formed discrete monophyletic groups. Our phylogenetic analysis, in accordance with previous studies in the field, further supports the early divergence of the Cantharellus clade, followed by the subsequent split of the Russulaceae from a sister clade formed by the Agaricus, Amanita, Boletus and Pleurotus genera.
{"title":"DNA-based species identification of Greek macromycetes","authors":"G. Lagiotis, E. Topalidou, I. Bosmali, M. Osathanunkul, P. Madesis","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/28","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi comprise one of the largest and diverse groups of eukaryotes. Macromycetes, which are commonly known as mushrooms, include species in Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Macromycetes are essential for ecosystem functioning and have high commercial value owing to their nutritional and medicinal properties. Despite the importance of macrofungi for the ecosystem and human welfare, macromycete diversity and phylogeny are poorly characterized, owing to the lack of molecular-based biodiversity descriptors supporting phenotypic classifications, especially for biodiversity rich countries such as Greece. In this study, we implemented a multi-marker DNA barcoding approach, utilizing the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) and part of the 28S nuclear ribosomal Large Subunit (nrLSU) rDNA regions, for the molecular identification of representative Greek macromycetes. Our analysis involved 103 Greek macromycetes covering seven genera of Basidiomycota (Agaricus, Amanita, Boletus, Cantharellus, Lactarius, Pleurotus, and Russula) and one genus of Ascomycota (Morchella). Phylogenetic inference based on the generated rDNA sequences, revealed high DNA divergence among most of the examined macromycete genera, which formed discrete monophyletic groups. Our phylogenetic analysis, in accordance with previous studies in the field, further supports the early divergence of the Cantharellus clade, followed by the subsequent split of the Russulaceae from a sister clade formed by the Agaricus, Amanita, Boletus and Pleurotus genera.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87923800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ssc Guimarães, FP Matteoli, F. Pedrosa-Silva, K. Matos, LH Pfenning
Mating compatibility in ascomycetes is regulated by the mating-type locus. In this study, whole-genome sequence data were used to characterize the structural organization of the MAT loci in two heterothallic and one homothallic species of Clade 3 from Fusarium solani species complex FSSC. Based on sequence analysis, we identified MAT1-1 idiomorph in Fusarium paranaense with three genes, MAT1-2 idiomorph in F. solani f. sp. piperis with two genes, and both MAT idiomorphs in F. striatum, homothallic species. The structural organization of the MAT1-1 locus in F. paranaense, like the MAT1-2 locus in F. striatum and F. solani f. sp. piperis was different to those of other FSSC-Clade 2 and Fusarium species. Moreover, the mating-type genes sequences in FSSC-Clade 3 were dissimilar resulting in a distinct amino acid profile. Despite these differences in the studied species, the process of sexual reproduction is not affected. Besides, we developed primers and applied in a reliable PCR protocol to MAT idiomorph identification. This paper presents the first investigation of the structural organization of the MAT locus from FSSC-Clade 3. The availability of MAT genes sequences can give support to downstream functional studies of individual mating-type transcripts. The MAT primers will be useful to assess the reproductive mode in other strains of FSSC-Clade 3, and to facilitate the application of the biological concept through sexual crosses.
{"title":"Structural organization of the mating-type locus in Clade 3 of Fusarium solani species complex and development of PCR protocol for identification of MAT idiomorphs","authors":"Ssc Guimarães, FP Matteoli, F. Pedrosa-Silva, K. Matos, LH Pfenning","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/12","url":null,"abstract":"Mating compatibility in ascomycetes is regulated by the mating-type locus. In this study, whole-genome sequence data were used to characterize the structural organization of the MAT loci in two heterothallic and one homothallic species of Clade 3 from Fusarium solani species complex FSSC. Based on sequence analysis, we identified MAT1-1 idiomorph in Fusarium paranaense with three genes, MAT1-2 idiomorph in F. solani f. sp. piperis with two genes, and both MAT idiomorphs in F. striatum, homothallic species. The structural organization of the MAT1-1 locus in F. paranaense, like the MAT1-2 locus in F. striatum and F. solani f. sp. piperis was different to those of other FSSC-Clade 2 and Fusarium species. Moreover, the mating-type genes sequences in FSSC-Clade 3 were dissimilar resulting in a distinct amino acid profile. Despite these differences in the studied species, the process of sexual reproduction is not affected. Besides, we developed primers and applied in a reliable PCR protocol to MAT idiomorph identification. This paper presents the first investigation of the structural organization of the MAT locus from FSSC-Clade 3. The availability of MAT genes sequences can give support to downstream functional studies of individual mating-type transcripts. The MAT primers will be useful to assess the reproductive mode in other strains of FSSC-Clade 3, and to facilitate the application of the biological concept through sexual crosses.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87429385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clathrus argentinus was described as a new species from central and northern Argentina in 1985. Thirty-five years later, we report C. argentinus from Paraguay. Along with this interesting discovery, eight other new records of gasteroid fungi viz. Blumenavia rhacodes, Calvatia cyathiformis, Cyathus earlei, Geastrum pusillipilosum, Lysurus sphaerocephalum, Myriostoma calongei, Phallus campanulatus and Tulostoma pygmaeum are reported from the country. In addition, the distribution of Calvatia rugosa, Cyathus limbatus, Cyathus poeppigii and Podaxis pistillaris is extended for Paraguay. Descriptions and photographs of the fresh specimens are included along with comments on their taxonomy and ecology.
{"title":"Rediscovery of Clathrus argentinus and new contributions to the gasteroid mycobiota of Paraguay","authors":"M. Campi","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/8","url":null,"abstract":"Clathrus argentinus was described as a new species from central and northern Argentina in 1985. Thirty-five years later, we report C. argentinus from Paraguay. Along with this interesting discovery, eight other new records of gasteroid fungi viz. Blumenavia rhacodes, Calvatia cyathiformis, Cyathus earlei, Geastrum pusillipilosum, Lysurus sphaerocephalum, Myriostoma calongei, Phallus campanulatus and Tulostoma pygmaeum are reported from the country. In addition, the distribution of Calvatia rugosa, Cyathus limbatus, Cyathus poeppigii and Podaxis pistillaris is extended for Paraguay. Descriptions and photographs of the fresh specimens are included along with comments on their taxonomy and ecology.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72475355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FE Alshuwaili, RA Al Anbagi, DJ Nelsen, Tatiana A. Semenova‐Nelsen, S. Stephenson
Mycobiome sequencing and analysis of the assemblages of fungi associated with leaf litter on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the Central Appalachian Mountains of West Current Research Abstract High-throughput sequencing techniques have become widely used for identification, analyses of community composition, and functional significance of fungi in forest ecosystems. Because many fungi cannot be cultured, seldom produce visible sexual structures, and are often overlooked, the use of such techniques is especially appropriate. In the study reported herein, DNA-metabarcoding techniques were applied to samples of forest floor leaf litter collected from a temperate deciduous forest to explore the hidden diversity of fungi and to compare distinct assemblages of leaf litter-associated fungi. The samples were collected from the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF) in the central Appalachian Mountains of eastern central West Virginia. The datasets of metataxonomic sequences were obtained from samples of leaf litter collected from 10 plots. These revealed high OTU abundance and richness estimates linked to five fungal phyla, at least 85 orders, and 24 classes in addition to numerous unidentified fungi. The majority of unknown fungi could be assigned only to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Based on horizontal diversity indices, Shannon’s diversity indices, and evenness values, the highest diversity and evenness values of the assemblages investigated appeared to be most closely related to species of ascomycetes. Morphologically, the fungi contributing to species richness were microscopic species of ascomycetes and macroscopic basidiomycetes. Functionally, the deep sequencing revealed varied and overlapping functional guilds for filamentous fungi in which saprotrophs independently were dominant and contributed mostly to bifunctional and multifunctional guilds. The presented data provides an insight into the diversity of fungi morphology, taxonomically, functionally, and compositionally for the leaf litter microhabitats, setting the stage for forest management decisions and future fungal research.
{"title":"Mycobiome sequencing and analysis of the assemblages of fungi associated with leaf litter on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the Central Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia","authors":"FE Alshuwaili, RA Al Anbagi, DJ Nelsen, Tatiana A. Semenova‐Nelsen, S. Stephenson","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/24","url":null,"abstract":"Mycobiome sequencing and analysis of the assemblages of fungi associated with leaf litter on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the Central Appalachian Mountains of West Current Research Abstract High-throughput sequencing techniques have become widely used for identification, analyses of community composition, and functional significance of fungi in forest ecosystems. Because many fungi cannot be cultured, seldom produce visible sexual structures, and are often overlooked, the use of such techniques is especially appropriate. In the study reported herein, DNA-metabarcoding techniques were applied to samples of forest floor leaf litter collected from a temperate deciduous forest to explore the hidden diversity of fungi and to compare distinct assemblages of leaf litter-associated fungi. The samples were collected from the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF) in the central Appalachian Mountains of eastern central West Virginia. The datasets of metataxonomic sequences were obtained from samples of leaf litter collected from 10 plots. These revealed high OTU abundance and richness estimates linked to five fungal phyla, at least 85 orders, and 24 classes in addition to numerous unidentified fungi. The majority of unknown fungi could be assigned only to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Based on horizontal diversity indices, Shannon’s diversity indices, and evenness values, the highest diversity and evenness values of the assemblages investigated appeared to be most closely related to species of ascomycetes. Morphologically, the fungi contributing to species richness were microscopic species of ascomycetes and macroscopic basidiomycetes. Functionally, the deep sequencing revealed varied and overlapping functional guilds for filamentous fungi in which saprotrophs independently were dominant and contributed mostly to bifunctional and multifunctional guilds. The presented data provides an insight into the diversity of fungi morphology, taxonomically, functionally, and compositionally for the leaf litter microhabitats, setting the stage for forest management decisions and future fungal research.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89703467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sônia M Almeida, Gcs Melanda, RJ Ferreira, Nm Assis, UM Oliveira, I. Baseia
Scleroderma in the Brazilian Amazon: is the species now safe? Current in Abstract The year 2019 was marked by several fires in the Amazon Domain. Rondônia, a northern Brazilian state, is part of the Amazon Domain and is the country’s third most deforested state. Anthropic action has been reported in several cases as the main source of biological diversity reduction. Among gasteroid fungi, Scleroderma camassuense and S. anomalosporum were thought to be extinct, since the only known locality was submerged due to the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The present work registers the presence of S. anomalosporum in Porto Velho in Rondônia, providing taxonomic data, photographs and discussion about the rediscovery and its unfolding.
{"title":"– Rediscovery of Scleroderma anomalosporum Baseia, B.D.B. Silva & M.P. Martín (Boletales, Basidiomycota) in the Brazilian Amazon: is the species now safe?","authors":"Sônia M Almeida, Gcs Melanda, RJ Ferreira, Nm Assis, UM Oliveira, I. Baseia","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/27","url":null,"abstract":"Scleroderma in the Brazilian Amazon: is the species now safe? Current in Abstract The year 2019 was marked by several fires in the Amazon Domain. Rondônia, a northern Brazilian state, is part of the Amazon Domain and is the country’s third most deforested state. Anthropic action has been reported in several cases as the main source of biological diversity reduction. Among gasteroid fungi, Scleroderma camassuense and S. anomalosporum were thought to be extinct, since the only known locality was submerged due to the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The present work registers the presence of S. anomalosporum in Porto Velho in Rondônia, providing taxonomic data, photographs and discussion about the rediscovery and its unfolding.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83597145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IA Abed, Hba Hamad, MN Owaid, NT Hamdan, A. Lafi, HH Mutlaq
Effect of using desert weeds (Chenopodiaceae) as supplements in substrates of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) production. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology of Abstract This study has been done to define the possibility of using two desert plant straws Atriplex tatarica and Caroxylon cyclophyllum for the first time as supplements with wheat straw substrate in producing mushroom ( Pleurotus osteratus ) to invest and build proper capacities for desert environments. This study included assessing the possibility of introducing 10% of these desert weeds straw as supplements in the formula of substrate to know their effects on the mycelial growth, mycelium completion period, primordial completion period, fruiting bodies number, yield and biological efficiency and protein content of P. ostreatus using three prepared spawns from barley, white corn and wheat seeds. Results showed that the produced spawn from the white corn exhibited the best results in the growth and yield of P. ostreatus compared to the spawn produced from wheat straw and barley. Also the A. tatarica straw-supplemented substrate showed a higher producing rate in fruiting bodies number, protein content, yield and biological efficiency. A. tatarica straw-supplemented substrate exhibited the shorter mycelial growth completion period (28.26 days). This substrate exhibited highest yield, and biological efficiency were 1489.2 g.kg -1 , and 40.01%, respectively. Also, results showed the best protein percent 24.14% and 24.00% when suing this substrate with barley seeds spawn during the first and second flushes, respectively. It exhibited the highest loss in the substrate weight was 44.3%. In conclusion, these results encourage the supplementation of agricultural substrates using desert weeds especially A. tatarica and apply in desert environments at the commercial level.
{"title":"Effect of using desert weeds (Chenopodiaceae) as supplements in substrates of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) production","authors":"IA Abed, Hba Hamad, MN Owaid, NT Hamdan, A. Lafi, HH Mutlaq","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/14","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of using desert weeds (Chenopodiaceae) as supplements in substrates of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) production. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology of Abstract This study has been done to define the possibility of using two desert plant straws Atriplex tatarica and Caroxylon cyclophyllum for the first time as supplements with wheat straw substrate in producing mushroom ( Pleurotus osteratus ) to invest and build proper capacities for desert environments. This study included assessing the possibility of introducing 10% of these desert weeds straw as supplements in the formula of substrate to know their effects on the mycelial growth, mycelium completion period, primordial completion period, fruiting bodies number, yield and biological efficiency and protein content of P. ostreatus using three prepared spawns from barley, white corn and wheat seeds. Results showed that the produced spawn from the white corn exhibited the best results in the growth and yield of P. ostreatus compared to the spawn produced from wheat straw and barley. Also the A. tatarica straw-supplemented substrate showed a higher producing rate in fruiting bodies number, protein content, yield and biological efficiency. A. tatarica straw-supplemented substrate exhibited the shorter mycelial growth completion period (28.26 days). This substrate exhibited highest yield, and biological efficiency were 1489.2 g.kg -1 , and 40.01%, respectively. Also, results showed the best protein percent 24.14% and 24.00% when suing this substrate with barley seeds spawn during the first and second flushes, respectively. It exhibited the highest loss in the substrate weight was 44.3%. In conclusion, these results encourage the supplementation of agricultural substrates using desert weeds especially A. tatarica and apply in desert environments at the commercial level.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83869225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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