Pub Date : 2018-03-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.817
Cem Duran, Nimet Uray
Purpose - Nowadays, customers expect from the brands to build customized and long term relationships with them. Hence, it has become evident that managerial approaches like Customer Relationship Management are important, but not sufficient to understand and manage the relationships with customers. It has been well recognized that companies need something more than keeping, analyzing the data on customer behavior and determine strategies accordingly. A new concept and deeper approach to understand and manage the whole process through which the customer get in touch with the company, namely Customer Experience Management (CEM) is coined lately. Although researchers have been interested in studying the topic for almost twenty years, most of the studies in the literature are conceptual in nature and empirical studies are scarce. T he purpose of this study is to provide the main directions and insights for the future studies based on the previous studies discussing and measuring customer experience as a concept. Methodology - Through a literature review, customer experience and customer experience management concepts are discussed and the empirical approaches to measure the customer experience are examined. Findings- Although there is a significant number of empirical studies on the topic in the marketing literature, a commonly accepted scale measuring the customer experience has not been developed yet in the literature. However, the literature highlights the dimensions and other attributes of the measurement that need to be considered in developing a scale. Conclusion - The need for development of a valid and reliable scale for measuring customer experience has become evident with the developing technology affecting different aspects of the customer experiences. Since the importance of experiential marketing has been increasing for the Y and Z generations, the measurement of customer experience for these generations has been more important.
{"title":"MANAGING AND MEASURING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE: A LITERATUR REVIEW","authors":"Cem Duran, Nimet Uray","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.817","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - Nowadays, customers expect from the brands to build customized and long term relationships with them. Hence, it has become evident that managerial approaches like Customer Relationship Management are important, but not sufficient to understand and manage the relationships with customers. It has been well recognized that companies need something more than keeping, analyzing the data on customer behavior and determine strategies accordingly. A new concept and deeper approach to understand and manage the whole process through which the customer get in touch with the company, namely Customer Experience Management (CEM) is coined lately. Although researchers have been interested in studying the topic for almost twenty years, most of the studies in the literature are conceptual in nature and empirical studies are scarce. T he purpose of this study is to provide the main directions and insights for the future studies based on the previous studies discussing and measuring customer experience as a concept. Methodology - Through a literature review, customer experience and customer experience management concepts are discussed and the empirical approaches to measure the customer experience are examined. Findings- Although there is a significant number of empirical studies on the topic in the marketing literature, a commonly accepted scale measuring the customer experience has not been developed yet in the literature. However, the literature highlights the dimensions and other attributes of the measurement that need to be considered in developing a scale. Conclusion - The need for development of a valid and reliable scale for measuring customer experience has become evident with the developing technology affecting different aspects of the customer experiences. Since the importance of experiential marketing has been increasing for the Y and Z generations, the measurement of customer experience for these generations has been more important.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125254349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.814
H. Ranasinghe, Mohd Shukri Abd. Yajid, A. Khatibi
Purpose- The objective of this article is to examine the components of entrepreneurial leaning based on competency approach, motivation and traits theories to propose a conceptual framework with knowledge, skills, attitudes, motivation and traits. A severe shortage of studies relevant to Sri Lanka is observed in comparison with the western countries where specific dimensions linked with entrepreneurial leaning have been revealed. Methodology- These specific dimensions are selected instead of others based on the more practical application for the graduate entrepreneurs in the education sector in Sri Lanka and it is a new trend in the academic perspective. Finding- It is significant that research conducted up to now, education activates of graduate entrepreneurs in the university system is lack a general frame, where queries on the subject of EL still remain unreciprocated. Conclusion- The proposed recommendations strongly advocate for future empirical research of this valuable topic, thus adding new knowledge to the existing.
{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE","authors":"H. Ranasinghe, Mohd Shukri Abd. Yajid, A. Khatibi","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.814","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- The objective of this article is to examine the components of entrepreneurial leaning based on competency approach, motivation and traits theories to propose a conceptual framework with knowledge, skills, attitudes, motivation and traits. A severe shortage of studies relevant to Sri Lanka is observed in comparison with the western countries where specific dimensions linked with entrepreneurial leaning have been revealed. Methodology- These specific dimensions are selected instead of others based on the more practical application for the graduate entrepreneurs in the education sector in Sri Lanka and it is a new trend in the academic perspective. Finding- It is significant that research conducted up to now, education activates of graduate entrepreneurs in the university system is lack a general frame, where queries on the subject of EL still remain unreciprocated. Conclusion- The proposed recommendations strongly advocate for future empirical research of this valuable topic, thus adding new knowledge to the existing.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126785676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-30DOI: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.812
Lih-Torng Chen, Sz-Meng Yang, Chiu-Chi Wei
Purpose- Enterprises are major elements of the national economy that provide employment opportunities and innovative products that improve quality of life. They also pay tax to promote national construction. Therefore, the legal operation of enterprises gives stability to a society. However, due to various reasons, domestic and global fraud occurs and emptying a company does most harm. Emptying means depleting a company’s assets by illicit means. Methodology- Previous studies on this issue focus mainly on one facet of the problem, such as a company’s legal responsibility, the financial consequences, the strengthening of governance, the deployment of ethics or information transparency. Very few studies examine measures to prevent listed companies from being emptied from the perspective of regulation, control and autonomy. This study uses a Modified Delphi Method and 30 experts to extract a consensus of measures to avoid fraud, in terms of government regulation, accountant validation and enterprise autonomy. The method uses three rounds and the results show that the most effective means is for government to establish a law that forces criminals to give back the spoils and for enterprise to regularly receive training of board members on governance. The second effective means is to establish a law that provides reward and protection for informants and for enterprises to disclose the salaries of board members. The third effective means is for government to establish an institution that is responsible for fraud, to require company transparency and to require accountants to use combined financial reports for mutual investment to discover fake investments. Findings- Careful examination of the top three effective measures shows that even though some of the methods are related to accountant validation and enterprise autonomy, their complete execution must rely on legislation. Therefore, it is clear that government regulation is the key to avoiding fraud. Conclusion- Active regulation by the government is more effective than passive autonomy in enterprises. This conclusion is the result of deliberations by an expert panel that was composed of senior management, prosecutors and judges and accountants, so it is a company basis for legislative action.
{"title":"MEASURES TO PREVENT LISTED FIRMS FROM BEING EMPTIED: THE CASE OF TAIWAN","authors":"Lih-Torng Chen, Sz-Meng Yang, Chiu-Chi Wei","doi":"10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.812","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- Enterprises are major elements of the national economy that provide employment opportunities and innovative products that improve quality of life. They also pay tax to promote national construction. Therefore, the legal operation of enterprises gives stability to a society. However, due to various reasons, domestic and global fraud occurs and emptying a company does most harm. Emptying means depleting a company’s assets by illicit means. Methodology- Previous studies on this issue focus mainly on one facet of the problem, such as a company’s legal responsibility, the financial consequences, the strengthening of governance, the deployment of ethics or information transparency. Very few studies examine measures to prevent listed companies from being emptied from the perspective of regulation, control and autonomy. This study uses a Modified Delphi Method and 30 experts to extract a consensus of measures to avoid fraud, in terms of government regulation, accountant validation and enterprise autonomy. The method uses three rounds and the results show that the most effective means is for government to establish a law that forces criminals to give back the spoils and for enterprise to regularly receive training of board members on governance. The second effective means is to establish a law that provides reward and protection for informants and for enterprises to disclose the salaries of board members. The third effective means is for government to establish an institution that is responsible for fraud, to require company transparency and to require accountants to use combined financial reports for mutual investment to discover fake investments. Findings- Careful examination of the top three effective measures shows that even though some of the methods are related to accountant validation and enterprise autonomy, their complete execution must rely on legislation. Therefore, it is clear that government regulation is the key to avoiding fraud. Conclusion- Active regulation by the government is more effective than passive autonomy in enterprises. This conclusion is the result of deliberations by an expert panel that was composed of senior management, prosecutors and judges and accountants, so it is a company basis for legislative action.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114708132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.813
P. Acar, Müjdelen I. Yener, Asli Tayan
Purpose - This empirical study examines the relationship between an ethical work climate and organizational identification. Methodology - The survey was conducted across 122 employees, consisting of a sample from staff and managers of a leading logistic company in Turkey, which has branches in different cities such as Izmir, Mersin and Istanbul. The obtained data from the questionnaires were analyzed through the SPSS statistical package software. Findings- Analyses results revealed that two ethical work climate dimensions appear to have a positive impact on organizational identification. Conclusion- In today’s tough competitive environment achieving successful organizational outcomes are related to employee behavior and the factors that are affecting their attitudes towards the organization.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF AN ETHICAL WORK CLIMATE ON ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AN EXAMPLE OF A LOGISTICS COMPANY","authors":"P. Acar, Müjdelen I. Yener, Asli Tayan","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.813","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - This empirical study examines the relationship between an ethical work climate and organizational identification. Methodology - The survey was conducted across 122 employees, consisting of a sample from staff and managers of a leading logistic company in Turkey, which has branches in different cities such as Izmir, Mersin and Istanbul. The obtained data from the questionnaires were analyzed through the SPSS statistical package software. Findings- Analyses results revealed that two ethical work climate dimensions appear to have a positive impact on organizational identification. Conclusion- In today’s tough competitive environment achieving successful organizational outcomes are related to employee behavior and the factors that are affecting their attitudes towards the organization.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126302209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.816
Jing-Yin Chan, Yao-Hsien Lee, S. Luo, L. Hsieh
Purpose- This study aims to explore the effect of innovative modular dinnerware standard operation procedure (SOP) on the efficiency of the banquet division of international tourist hotels in Taiwan by improving the traditional practice and applying the im-proved procedure to Chinese wedding banquet. From the perspective of banquet divisions, this study designed a thorough procedure that helps hotels control service quality, cut lead times, and reduce waste. Methodology- These objectives were effectively achieved through technology management. The experiment was carried out in one of the rooms of the KK International Tourist Hotel.t Findings- The results showed that innova-tive SOP can effectively promote the efficiency of the banquet division by over 18%. In addition, the researchers also conducted interviews with directors and service personnel of the department. The interviewees all agreed that if there were enough space and dinnerware, the innovative modular dinnerware SOP could actually im-prove work efficiency. Because of the improved procedure, service personnel did not need to stay late to set the reserved tables. Conclusion- Thus, this study suggests that the banquet division of other international tourist hotels can refer to this innovative mode.
{"title":"A STUDY ON THE MODULAR DINNERWARE MODE IN THE BANQUET DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL TOURIST HOTELS IN TAIWAN","authors":"Jing-Yin Chan, Yao-Hsien Lee, S. Luo, L. Hsieh","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2018.816","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- This study aims to explore the effect of innovative modular dinnerware standard operation procedure (SOP) on the efficiency of the banquet division of international tourist hotels in Taiwan by improving the traditional practice and applying the im-proved procedure to Chinese wedding banquet. From the perspective of banquet divisions, this study designed a thorough procedure that helps hotels control service quality, cut lead times, and reduce waste. Methodology- These objectives were effectively achieved through technology management. The experiment was carried out in one of the rooms of the KK International Tourist Hotel.t Findings- The results showed that innova-tive SOP can effectively promote the efficiency of the banquet division by over 18%. In addition, the researchers also conducted interviews with directors and service personnel of the department. The interviewees all agreed that if there were enough space and dinnerware, the innovative modular dinnerware SOP could actually im-prove work efficiency. Because of the improved procedure, service personnel did not need to stay late to set the reserved tables. Conclusion- Thus, this study suggests that the banquet division of other international tourist hotels can refer to this innovative mode.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124193222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-30DOI: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.757
Elif Ozturk, Oya Erdil
Purpose - The basic motivation of this research is the observation of the effects of strategic thinking and political skills on transformational leadership. There are some researches and investigations about these three factors in the literature, but there is no study that investigates these three factors with their dimensions. This study aims to contribute to this gap in the literature. Methodology - The research has been conducted with 496 companies located in Istanbul, Bursa and Kocaeli which are selected from 562 companies in Marmara Region from the list of 1000 largest industrial establishment of Turkey. Nearly 500 questionnaires were sent to those companies and 283 responses were collected. The survey results have been analysed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the hypothesis are tested with structural equation modelling. Findings- According to the results of structural equation modelling; it has been observed that the sub-dimensions of strategic thinking and political skills has positive and significant effects on the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership. Variables with no positive and significant effects were discussed in the conclusion. Conclusion- The observed effects are the behaviours that are expected from transformational leaders. Improving the skills of the leaders is essential for a successful transformation of businesses. The research results were supported with theoretical and practical suggestions for the development of those skills and behaviours.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS of STRATEGIC THINKING and POLITICAL SKILLS on TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP","authors":"Elif Ozturk, Oya Erdil","doi":"10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.757","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The basic motivation of this research is the observation of the effects of strategic thinking and political skills on transformational leadership. There are some researches and investigations about these three factors in the literature, but there is no study that investigates these three factors with their dimensions. This study aims to contribute to this gap in the literature. Methodology - The research has been conducted with 496 companies located in Istanbul, Bursa and Kocaeli which are selected from 562 companies in Marmara Region from the list of 1000 largest industrial establishment of Turkey. Nearly 500 questionnaires were sent to those companies and 283 responses were collected. The survey results have been analysed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the hypothesis are tested with structural equation modelling. Findings- According to the results of structural equation modelling; it has been observed that the sub-dimensions of strategic thinking and political skills has positive and significant effects on the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership. Variables with no positive and significant effects were discussed in the conclusion. Conclusion- The observed effects are the behaviours that are expected from transformational leaders. Improving the skills of the leaders is essential for a successful transformation of businesses. The research results were supported with theoretical and practical suggestions for the development of those skills and behaviours.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"156 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133137829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-30DOI: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.759
Fathe Mahdi Wozir, E. Yurtkoru
Purpose- Whistleblowing, is one of the rarely studied topics in non-western cultures, and none in Ethiopia. Hence, this study explores whistleblowing and the contribution of organizational culture (OC) types on different modes of whistleblowing intentions in Ethiopia along with cross-cultural comparison of the theoretical model in Turkey. Methodology- Totally 528 employees (Ethiopia, N=274 and Turkey, N=254) were selected as participants. Four organizational culture types and six dimensions of whistleblowing are measured using a multidimensional questionnaire with five-point interval scale. Findings- Analyses revealed that hierarchical culture significantly and positively contributed to external, anonymous, and formal whistleblowing. Alternatively, clan culture had significant positive contribution to internal and informal whistleblowing, and negative contribution to external whistleblowing. However, there were significant variations in terms of nationality. Conclusion- The dominant values and beliefs embedded within the culture of an organization tend to predict the most likely preferred and accepted methods of whistleblowing in that particular organization .
{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND INTENTIONS TOWARDS TYPES OF WHISTLEBLOWING: THE CASE OF TURKEY AND ETHIOPIA","authors":"Fathe Mahdi Wozir, E. Yurtkoru","doi":"10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.759","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- Whistleblowing, is one of the rarely studied topics in non-western cultures, and none in Ethiopia. Hence, this study explores whistleblowing and the contribution of organizational culture (OC) types on different modes of whistleblowing intentions in Ethiopia along with cross-cultural comparison of the theoretical model in Turkey. Methodology- Totally 528 employees (Ethiopia, N=274 and Turkey, N=254) were selected as participants. Four organizational culture types and six dimensions of whistleblowing are measured using a multidimensional questionnaire with five-point interval scale. Findings- Analyses revealed that hierarchical culture significantly and positively contributed to external, anonymous, and formal whistleblowing. Alternatively, clan culture had significant positive contribution to internal and informal whistleblowing, and negative contribution to external whistleblowing. However, there were significant variations in terms of nationality. Conclusion- The dominant values and beliefs embedded within the culture of an organization tend to predict the most likely preferred and accepted methods of whistleblowing in that particular organization .","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123998530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-30DOI: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.761
P. Astrid
Purpose- Identify competitive advantages of embroidery SMEs embroidery from the aspect of market orientation and SME innovation. SME market orientation is applied from the ability of SMEs in finding market information to develop strategies and policies while SME Innovation from SMEs ability to apply technical innovation, product / service innovation and process innovation. Methodology- Population of this research is the entrepreneurs and managers of SMEs embroidery in Pakis subdistrict Malang and Bangil subdistrict Pasuruan with a sample of 90 respondents. Analysis of the data in this study is done by using multiple regressions. Findings- The results showed that the market orientation and innovation have a significant effect on competitive advantage. In order to gain a competitive advantage, then entrepreneurs and managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) embroidery in District Pakis Malang and Bangil Pasuruan develop marketing strategies by taking into account market orientation with the emphasis on the ability to monitor competitors and develop or doing innovations related to new products. Conclusion, Market orientation affects the competitive advantage which is an indicator of competitor orientation and Innovation affects on the competitive advantage which is an indicator of technical innovation that are considered to have the largest or most powerful contribution as a reflection of the innovation variable.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF MARKET ORIENTATION AND INNOVATION ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES","authors":"P. Astrid","doi":"10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2017.761","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose- Identify competitive advantages of embroidery SMEs embroidery from the aspect of market orientation and SME innovation. SME market orientation is applied from the ability of SMEs in finding market information to develop strategies and policies while SME Innovation from SMEs ability to apply technical innovation, product / service innovation and process innovation. Methodology- Population of this research is the entrepreneurs and managers of SMEs embroidery in Pakis subdistrict Malang and Bangil subdistrict Pasuruan with a sample of 90 respondents. Analysis of the data in this study is done by using multiple regressions. Findings- The results showed that the market orientation and innovation have a significant effect on competitive advantage. In order to gain a competitive advantage, then entrepreneurs and managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) embroidery in District Pakis Malang and Bangil Pasuruan develop marketing strategies by taking into account market orientation with the emphasis on the ability to monitor competitors and develop or doing innovations related to new products. Conclusion, Market orientation affects the competitive advantage which is an indicator of competitor orientation and Innovation affects on the competitive advantage which is an indicator of technical innovation that are considered to have the largest or most powerful contribution as a reflection of the innovation variable.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128973519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.755
Melda Kececi
Purpose - The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the influence of leadership style on organizational citizenship behavior, as employees show individualistic or collectivistic characteristics. Methodology - 174 white-collar employees (105 males and 69 females) located in Istanbul (N=89) and Denizli (N=85) formed the sample of this study. A multidimensional questionnaire with six-point interval scale was applied to measure all substantive variables used in this study. Findings- This research revealed that OCB level in Denizli is significantly higher than the level of OCB level In Istanbul as expected. There is also relationship between some of the leadership styles and OCB. Although both individualism and collectivism have a positive and meaningful correlation with OCB, the correlation between collectivism and OCB is stronger in relation to individualism and OCB . Conclusion- The relationship between leadership style and OCB is moderated by individualism in different ways according to the city. Culture is very important and influential in organizations. It can completely affect the concepts and value perceptions of people, and as a result the leadership styles expected by the employees.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR","authors":"Melda Kececi","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.755","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the influence of leadership style on organizational citizenship behavior, as employees show individualistic or collectivistic characteristics. Methodology - 174 white-collar employees (105 males and 69 females) located in Istanbul (N=89) and Denizli (N=85) formed the sample of this study. A multidimensional questionnaire with six-point interval scale was applied to measure all substantive variables used in this study. Findings- This research revealed that OCB level in Denizli is significantly higher than the level of OCB level In Istanbul as expected. There is also relationship between some of the leadership styles and OCB. Although both individualism and collectivism have a positive and meaningful correlation with OCB, the correlation between collectivism and OCB is stronger in relation to individualism and OCB . Conclusion- The relationship between leadership style and OCB is moderated by individualism in different ways according to the city. Culture is very important and influential in organizations. It can completely affect the concepts and value perceptions of people, and as a result the leadership styles expected by the employees.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122400319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-30DOI: 10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.752
Ceyda Suer
Purpose - The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of three leadership style (paternalistic, transformational and transactional) on psychological empowerment and the moderating effect of gender. Methodology - The Survey method was used to gather data from 97 people working in middle and lower levels in various organizations and the analysis was conducted with SPSS 19. Four validated survey instruments were used to obtain the data: (1) The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), formulated by Bass and Avolio (1995), (2) The Paternalistic Leadership Scale developed by Voich (1995), (3) The Global Transformational Leadership Scale (GTL) developed by Carless, Wearing and Mann(2000) and (4) The Psychological Empowerment Scale developed by Spreitzer (1995). Findings- The study shows that there is a positive but partial relationship between the Transformational Leadership style and Psychological Empowerment, but there is no relationship between Paternalistic Leadership, Transactional Leadership as predicted. Conclusion- Transformational leadership style has been identified as one of the most important ways to empower employees in organizations in the light of findings.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEES’ PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT AND THE GENDER ROLE IN THIS RELATION","authors":"Ceyda Suer","doi":"10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17261/PRESSACADEMIA.2017.752","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of three leadership style (paternalistic, transformational and transactional) on psychological empowerment and the moderating effect of gender. Methodology - The Survey method was used to gather data from 97 people working in middle and lower levels in various organizations and the analysis was conducted with SPSS 19. Four validated survey instruments were used to obtain the data: (1) The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), formulated by Bass and Avolio (1995), (2) The Paternalistic Leadership Scale developed by Voich (1995), (3) The Global Transformational Leadership Scale (GTL) developed by Carless, Wearing and Mann(2000) and (4) The Psychological Empowerment Scale developed by Spreitzer (1995). Findings- The study shows that there is a positive but partial relationship between the Transformational Leadership style and Psychological Empowerment, but there is no relationship between Paternalistic Leadership, Transactional Leadership as predicted. Conclusion- Transformational leadership style has been identified as one of the most important ways to empower employees in organizations in the light of findings.","PeriodicalId":376357,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Business Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117350885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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