Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396814
A. De Leo, V. M. Primiani, P. Russo, D. Shahu, V. Di Mattia, G. Cerri
The aim of this work is to highlight the paramount importance of the availability of an electromagnetic model for the design of system based on electromagnetic radiation for search and rescue operation of humans buried under different materials as debris, and snowslide. In this contribution the monitoring of the breathing activity of a man buried into a homogeneous lossy medium has been analyzed. The geometry of the scenario and the body have been simplified in order to model the electromagnetic problem of the interaction of the body and impinging field in a closed-form. In spite of the simple formulation the results are satisfactory and show how some a priori important system requirements can be obtained, as for example the most suitable working frequency range. The model is able to predict the sensitiveness in terms of phase and module variations depending on the scenario.
{"title":"Breath detection of humans buried in a homogeneous lossy medium: A simplified analytical model","authors":"A. De Leo, V. M. Primiani, P. Russo, D. Shahu, V. Di Mattia, G. Cerri","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396814","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to highlight the paramount importance of the availability of an electromagnetic model for the design of system based on electromagnetic radiation for search and rescue operation of humans buried under different materials as debris, and snowslide. In this contribution the monitoring of the breathing activity of a man buried into a homogeneous lossy medium has been analyzed. The geometry of the scenario and the body have been simplified in order to model the electromagnetic problem of the interaction of the body and impinging field in a closed-form. In spite of the simple formulation the results are satisfactory and show how some a priori important system requirements can be obtained, as for example the most suitable working frequency range. The model is able to predict the sensitiveness in terms of phase and module variations depending on the scenario.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128507423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396691
S. O. Land, R. Perdriau, M. Ramdani, I. Gil, F. Lafon, M. Drissi
The direct power injection (DPI) test defined in IEC 62132-4 measures the conducted immunity of integrated circuits (ICs) up to 1GHz. As the frequency of functional and interference signals is increasing, we would like to characterise immunity for higher frequencies as well. In this paper, we show why typical IEC 62132-4 compliant DPI set-ups become inaccurate when going up to 20GHz. We propose to determine the power Ptrans actually transmitted to the device under test (DUT) by using offline short-open-load-thru (SOLT) or thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration. Furthermore, we design a low-cost FR4 printed circuit board (PCB) that allows for testing of SOIC8-packaged ICs. We verify that this board has acceptable and reproducible losses up to 20 GHz, as well as acceptable crosstalk.
{"title":"Design of a 20 GHz DPI method for SOIC8","authors":"S. O. Land, R. Perdriau, M. Ramdani, I. Gil, F. Lafon, M. Drissi","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396691","url":null,"abstract":"The direct power injection (DPI) test defined in IEC 62132-4 measures the conducted immunity of integrated circuits (ICs) up to 1GHz. As the frequency of functional and interference signals is increasing, we would like to characterise immunity for higher frequencies as well. In this paper, we show why typical IEC 62132-4 compliant DPI set-ups become inaccurate when going up to 20GHz. We propose to determine the power Ptrans actually transmitted to the device under test (DUT) by using offline short-open-load-thru (SOLT) or thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration. Furthermore, we design a low-cost FR4 printed circuit board (PCB) that allows for testing of SOIC8-packaged ICs. We verify that this board has acceptable and reproducible losses up to 20 GHz, as well as acceptable crosstalk.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128571742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396671
R. Cicchetti, O. Testa
A full-wave analysis of the parasitic coupling effects between right-angle mitered bends microstrip discontinuities is presented. The full-wave analysis is performed by means of the spectral domain approach (SDA) which allows to include the effects caused by the surface and volume waves excited by the discontinuity. Using the computed field quantities, the scattering parameters of the structure are obtained and used to derived an equivalent circuit suitable to model the dispersive effects and the parasitic coupling caused by the microstrip discontinuities. The analysis is carried out by varying the electrical and geometrical parameters that characterize the considered structures.
{"title":"A full-wave analysis of the parasitic coupling between right-angle mitered bends microstrip discontinuities","authors":"R. Cicchetti, O. Testa","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396671","url":null,"abstract":"A full-wave analysis of the parasitic coupling effects between right-angle mitered bends microstrip discontinuities is presented. The full-wave analysis is performed by means of the spectral domain approach (SDA) which allows to include the effects caused by the surface and volume waves excited by the discontinuity. Using the computed field quantities, the scattering parameters of the structure are obtained and used to derived an equivalent circuit suitable to model the dispersive effects and the parasitic coupling caused by the microstrip discontinuities. The analysis is carried out by varying the electrical and geometrical parameters that characterize the considered structures.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129384678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396886
D. Assante, A. Andreotti, L. Verolino
The paper deals with the evaluation of the characteristic impedance of a multiconductor transmission line with one conductor periodically grounded. The topic, even if not adequately discussed in literature, has a relevant application in the analysis of the role of the shield wire in power lines, in order to quantify the mitigation of induced overvoltages. The problem is here modelled, leading to a nonsymmetric algebraic Riccati equation, that is solved with both a factorization and an iterative method. The solution is presented in a practical case and the efficiency of the methods are discussed.
{"title":"Considerations on the characteristic impedance of periodically grounded multiconductor transmission lines","authors":"D. Assante, A. Andreotti, L. Verolino","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396886","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the evaluation of the characteristic impedance of a multiconductor transmission line with one conductor periodically grounded. The topic, even if not adequately discussed in literature, has a relevant application in the analysis of the role of the shield wire in power lines, in order to quantify the mitigation of induced overvoltages. The problem is here modelled, leading to a nonsymmetric algebraic Riccati equation, that is solved with both a factorization and an iterative method. The solution is presented in a practical case and the efficiency of the methods are discussed.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131181617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396846
S. Bonisch, A. Neumann, D. Bucke
The characterization of passive component properties over a wide frequency range is usually done using scattering parameters. This paper presents the measurement and modeling approach for two typical three-phase mains chokes (3×100μH, 230V, 60A and 3×2.3mH, 230V, 65A) based on six-port scattering parameters using a common two-port vector network analyzer. The model allows to reproduce consistently common-mode and differential-mode response of a passive six-port device, covering a frequency range from 10Hz to 300MHz.
{"title":"Six-port scattering parameters of a three-phase mains choke for consistent modelling of common-mode and differential-mode response","authors":"S. Bonisch, A. Neumann, D. Bucke","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396846","url":null,"abstract":"The characterization of passive component properties over a wide frequency range is usually done using scattering parameters. This paper presents the measurement and modeling approach for two typical three-phase mains chokes (3×100μH, 230V, 60A and 3×2.3mH, 230V, 65A) based on six-port scattering parameters using a common two-port vector network analyzer. The model allows to reproduce consistently common-mode and differential-mode response of a passive six-port device, covering a frequency range from 10Hz to 300MHz.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128134872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396686
Grzegorz Lubkowski, Zainul Ihsan, C. Adami, Michael Suhrke
In this work we show some numerical aspects related to the full-wave 3D simulations of absorber wall properties. Two problems are discussed: (i) characterization of the dielectric properties of the absorber medium and (ii) modelling of the absorber wall geometry terminating the EMC facility. It is shown that approximation of the constitutive properties of the absorber medium by Debye models with several relaxation terms can lead to a better accuracy than for a single term based Debye formula description. Regarding absorber wall geometry: multilayer models characterized by anisotropic permittivity distribution offer better approximation properties than isotropic multilayer models.
{"title":"Modelling of pyramid absorbers used in EMC facilities","authors":"Grzegorz Lubkowski, Zainul Ihsan, C. Adami, Michael Suhrke","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396686","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we show some numerical aspects related to the full-wave 3D simulations of absorber wall properties. Two problems are discussed: (i) characterization of the dielectric properties of the absorber medium and (ii) modelling of the absorber wall geometry terminating the EMC facility. It is shown that approximation of the constitutive properties of the absorber medium by Debye models with several relaxation terms can lead to a better accuracy than for a single term based Debye formula description. Regarding absorber wall geometry: multilayer models characterized by anisotropic permittivity distribution offer better approximation properties than isotropic multilayer models.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128317810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396655
S. van de Beek, R. Vogt-Ardatjew, H. Schipper, F. Leferink
A new technique for shielding effectiveness measurements is the dual VIRC method. In this method two Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chambers (VIRC) are combined together via a common wall with an aperture that forms the interface between them. This particular set-up makes it possible to achieve a very high dynamic range. Advantage of this technique compared to the nested reverberation set-up is that measurements can be conducted much faster and at much lower frequency. Several different approaches to determine the shielding effectiveness are presented. It has been shown that multiple interactions play a role in the particular set-up.
{"title":"Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chambers for shielding effectiveness measurements","authors":"S. van de Beek, R. Vogt-Ardatjew, H. Schipper, F. Leferink","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396655","url":null,"abstract":"A new technique for shielding effectiveness measurements is the dual VIRC method. In this method two Vibrating Intrinsic Reverberation Chambers (VIRC) are combined together via a common wall with an aperture that forms the interface between them. This particular set-up makes it possible to achieve a very high dynamic range. Advantage of this technique compared to the nested reverberation set-up is that measurements can be conducted much faster and at much lower frequency. Several different approaches to determine the shielding effectiveness are presented. It has been shown that multiple interactions play a role in the particular set-up.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127031225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396764
A. Boudjemaa, A. Nacer, T. B. Berbar, S. Tahi, B. Bennamane
This work presents the numerical characterization of the balanced differential mode for an overhead four-conductor nonuniform transmission line above lossy earth with grounded wire at high frequency over the 1-30MHz ranges. The nonuniform multiconductor transmission line can be subdivided into sections of uniform MTL to compute the elementary ABCD matrices. This technique is used to calculate the transmitted power efficiency when the overhead wires have sag with ground wire. A comparison between uniform and nonuniform MTL is made to quantify the effect of the sag in the balanced differential mode. It appears that the effect of the sag is negligible for the power efficiency of the four-conductor transmission line working in balanced differential mode over a large frequency range. In this case, the ideal available span for PLC reaches 5000m.
{"title":"Differential mode for four-conductor nonuniform transmission line with grounded wire at high frequency","authors":"A. Boudjemaa, A. Nacer, T. B. Berbar, S. Tahi, B. Bennamane","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396764","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the numerical characterization of the balanced differential mode for an overhead four-conductor nonuniform transmission line above lossy earth with grounded wire at high frequency over the 1-30MHz ranges. The nonuniform multiconductor transmission line can be subdivided into sections of uniform MTL to compute the elementary ABCD matrices. This technique is used to calculate the transmitted power efficiency when the overhead wires have sag with ground wire. A comparison between uniform and nonuniform MTL is made to quantify the effect of the sag in the balanced differential mode. It appears that the effect of the sag is negligible for the power efficiency of the four-conductor transmission line working in balanced differential mode over a large frequency range. In this case, the ideal available span for PLC reaches 5000m.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127214850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396724
M. Brignone, F. Delfino, R. Procopio, M. Rossi, F. Rachidi, S. Tkachenko
In this paper, an effective approach to analyze the coupling between high-frequency electromagnetic fields and transmission lines is presented. The algorithm, implemented in the frequency domain, consists of solving the integro-differential equation that relates the incident electric field with the current induced into the line. The unknown current is expressed by means of a Fourier series whose coefficients are calculated applying the Landweber method. The use of such method makes it possible to face both measurement and parametric uncertainties, since it has been developed and is widely used to solve inverse problems that are typically ill-posed. The obtained results are compared with the ones provided by the Numerical Electromagnetics Code (NEC) and an excellent agreement is obtained.
{"title":"The use of the regularization theory for the analysis of the field-to-line coupling problem","authors":"M. Brignone, F. Delfino, R. Procopio, M. Rossi, F. Rachidi, S. Tkachenko","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396724","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an effective approach to analyze the coupling between high-frequency electromagnetic fields and transmission lines is presented. The algorithm, implemented in the frequency domain, consists of solving the integro-differential equation that relates the incident electric field with the current induced into the line. The unknown current is expressed by means of a Fourier series whose coefficients are calculated applying the Landweber method. The use of such method makes it possible to face both measurement and parametric uncertainties, since it has been developed and is widely used to solve inverse problems that are typically ill-posed. The obtained results are compared with the ones provided by the Numerical Electromagnetics Code (NEC) and an excellent agreement is obtained.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127466739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396770
W. Radasky, R. Hoad
Throughout the world there are plans to enhance the operation of electricity power networks to deal with the introduction of distributed and renewable power systems. The basic approach is to provide a new communications system to monitor and control future power networks (Smart Grid). Unfortunately electromagnetic disturbances such as those associated with typical electromagnetic interference (EMI) can cause problems with the operation of modern electronics. In addition a set of high power EM threats are of even greater concern, although the probability of occurrence for each threat is low. This paper introduces these three HPEM threats and describes the possible impacts on electronics within electricity networks of the future, if they are not protected before being placed in service.
{"title":"An overview of the impacts of three high power electromagnetic (HPEM) threats on Smart Grids","authors":"W. Radasky, R. Hoad","doi":"10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMCEUROPE.2012.6396770","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the world there are plans to enhance the operation of electricity power networks to deal with the introduction of distributed and renewable power systems. The basic approach is to provide a new communications system to monitor and control future power networks (Smart Grid). Unfortunately electromagnetic disturbances such as those associated with typical electromagnetic interference (EMI) can cause problems with the operation of modern electronics. In addition a set of high power EM threats are of even greater concern, although the probability of occurrence for each threat is low. This paper introduces these three HPEM threats and describes the possible impacts on electronics within electricity networks of the future, if they are not protected before being placed in service.","PeriodicalId":377100,"journal":{"name":"International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114408366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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