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IECON '98. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.98CH36200)最新文献

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New Petri net controller for distributed Petri net 分布式Petri网的新型Petri网控制器
Y. Dohi, W. Takano, T. Horiguchi, H. Murakoshi
When a large Petri net system is implemented, several LSI Petri net controllers are used and connected in order to build a whole system. For this purpose, the authors propose a new Petri net controller, which can hold much more places than the one proposed before. It also has the new control of tokens for kill-arc and shared-places among sub Petri nets are also proposed. Four accessible registers of tokens makes it possible to access four tokens at the same time, so one can use place-numbers instead of bit-patterns of places as used by the previous controller. This reduces the memory to log n/n of the previous. The new control of tokens makes it easy to keep consistency of tokens among a group of sub Petri net controllers. One can implement LSI Petri net controllers for several time larger Petri nets than previous ones and it is as fast as previous controllers.
当实现一个大型的Petri网系统时,为了构建一个完整的系统,需要使用几个LSI Petri网控制器并将它们连接起来。为此,作者提出了一种新的Petri网控制器,它比以前提出的控制器可以容纳更多的位置。此外,还提出了对杀伤弧和子Petri网之间共享位置的令牌的新控制。四个可访问的令牌寄存器使得同时访问四个令牌成为可能,因此可以使用位置编号而不是像前一个控制器那样使用位置的位模式。这将内存减少到之前的log n/n。新的令牌控制使得在一组子Petri网控制器之间保持令牌的一致性变得容易。可以实现LSI Petri网控制器的几倍大的Petri网比以前的控制器,它是一样快,以前的控制器。
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引用次数: 4
Parameter estimation of a induction machine using a continuous time model 用连续时间模型估计感应电机的参数
P.J.R. de Oliveira, P. F. Seixas, L. A. Aguirre, Z. Peixoto
This work describes a method for estimating all electrical parameters of an induction cage motor using a continuous time model and a standard recursive least square algorithm. The problem of derivative calculation of voltage and currents signals, inherent to continuous time models, is solved by polynomial interpolation. This simple yet effective methodology is applied to known speed operation, when the transient response of the motor excited by a PWM inverter is used during the estimation. Experimental results are included and confirm the good performance of the proposed procedure.
本文描述了一种使用连续时间模型和标准递归最小二乘算法估计感应笼式电动机所有电气参数的方法。用多项式插值法解决了连续时间模型固有的电压和电流信号的导数计算问题。这种简单而有效的方法被应用于已知速度的运行中,当在估计过程中使用PWM逆变器激励电机的瞬态响应时。实验结果证实了该方法的良好性能。
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引用次数: 18
Real-time power measuring and monitoring for an efficient vector-controlled induction motor drive 一个有效的矢量控制感应电机驱动的实时功率测量和监测
J. M. Moreno-Eguilaz, J. Peracaula
Efficient variable-speed drives are becoming more and more common in today's industry. With increasing harmonic pollution in the power system, real-time monitoring and analysis of harmonic variation have become important. To evaluate power quantities, it is necessary to consider the presence of harmonics because the drive is fed by a power electronics converter. In this paper, a fully digital algorithm to measure and evaluate main power definitions (active power, fundamental reactive power, fundamental apparent power, apparent power, nonfundamental apparent power, total power factor, displacement power factor, intensity total harmonic distortion, etc.) is presented and applied to an efficient variable-speed vector-controlled 1.5 kW induction motor drive. The system is useful to evaluate efficiency and harmonic pollution at different speed and load conditions. Besides, it allows other power quantities to be used as control variables in the efficiency controller.
高效的变速驱动器在当今工业中变得越来越普遍。随着电力系统中谐波污染的日益严重,谐波变化的实时监测和分析变得越来越重要。为了评估功率量,有必要考虑谐波的存在,因为驱动器是由电力电子转换器供电的。本文提出了一种测量和评估主要功率定义(有功功率、基频无功功率、基频视在功率、视在功率、非基频视在功率、总功率因数、位移功率因数、强度总谐波畸变等)的全数字算法,并将其应用于高效变频矢量控制的1.5 kW异步电动机驱动器。该系统可用于评估不同转速和负载条件下的效率和谐波污染。此外,它还允许使用其他功率量作为效率控制器的控制变量。
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引用次数: 4
SPOC-process modelling provides on-line quality control and predictive process control in particle and fibreboard production spoc过程建模为颗粒和纤维板生产提供在线质量控制和预测过程控制
G. Bemardy, B. Scherff
A number of production processes are characterised by having a large number of differing, but interdependent process sections and many complex influential factors. Despite great efforts in process control, fluctuations in the raw material properties often result in inconsistent qualities in the product because the raw material properties often cannot be measured online. Such quality inconsistencies are not detected during production and can only be determined on a random sample much later by laboratory testing. This paper attempts to show that modelling of such a production process and the prediction of quality properties result in reliable online quality control, model-based process optimisation and leads to model-based predictive process control (MPC) as a master control system. Using modern computing technology (SPOC Statistical Process Optimisation and Control) based on the relevant process parameters, statistical methods are able to precisely calculate online most of the quality properties. Optimisation methods calculate model-based production settings to meet quality optimally with respect to costs. Process adjustment using a model-based predictive feedback control is discussed. Highly promising results have been achieved, for example, in particleboard and fibreboard production processes. The results are transferable to other processes with similar characteristics (e.g., oil refinery or sugar production).
许多生产过程的特点是具有大量不同但相互依存的过程部分和许多复杂的影响因素。尽管在过程控制方面做出了很大的努力,但由于原材料性能往往无法在线测量,因此原材料性能的波动往往导致产品质量不一致。这种质量不一致在生产过程中无法检测到,只能在很久以后通过实验室测试对随机样品进行确定。本文试图表明,这种生产过程的建模和质量特性的预测导致可靠的在线质量控制,基于模型的过程优化,并导致基于模型的预测过程控制(MPC)作为主控制系统。利用基于相关工艺参数的现代计算技术(SPOC统计过程优化与控制),统计方法能够在线精确计算出大部分质量特性。优化方法计算基于模型的生产设置,以在成本方面最优地满足质量要求。讨论了基于模型的预测反馈控制的过程调节。例如,在刨花板和纤维板的生产过程中已经取得了非常有希望的结果。结果可转移到具有类似特征的其他过程(例如,炼油厂或糖生产)。
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引用次数: 13
/spl Hscr//sub 2/ decoupling control and its application with limiting properties to robot manipulator /spl Hscr// sub2 /解耦控制及其在机器人机械臂上的应用
R. Suzuki, N. Kobayashi, M. Kawashima, M. Fujita
In this paper, a decoupling control for a nonminimum phase system is considered from a limiting form of a linear optimal regulator problem point of view. It is shown that an explicit relationship between the limiting properties by letting the weighting matrix of the output vector tend to infinity and a decoupling control. It also gives an experimental application to a robot manipulator to illustrate effectiveness on decoupling control with the limiting properties.
本文从线性最优调节器问题的极限形式出发,研究非最小相位系统的解耦控制问题。通过让输出向量的加权矩阵趋于无穷,证明了极限性质与解耦控制之间的显式关系。最后给出了机器人机械臂的实验应用,验证了利用极限特性解耦控制的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Optimized cooling systems for semiconductor devices 半导体器件的优化冷却系统
H. Baumann, P. Heinemeyer, W. Staiger, M. Topfer, K. Unger, D. Muller
The straightforward air cooling of semiconductor devices has gradually been replaced by methods using liquid coolants, especially water cooling. In the work described, more efficient cooling devices than those already existing for hockey-puck and module type semiconductors are suggested. An existing heat sink made of aluminium nitride for the water-cooling of hockey-puck type semiconductors has been used as a basis for the development of high performance heat sinks for increased heat flux densities. By means of thermal and fluid dynamics simulation tools, the internal geometry has been optimized with regard to improved heat transfer and reduced pressure drop. The simulation results have been confirmed by a number of experiments using various measuring techniques. As an alternative cooling method for semiconductor modules, a modified baseplate comprising a number of fins for direct water cooling has been suggested. For an intelligent temperature management, control algorithms have been developed resulting in a prototype ASIC which has been implemented for testing purposes.
半导体器件的直接空气冷却已逐渐被使用液体冷却剂,特别是水冷却的方法所取代。在所描述的工作中,提出了比现有的冰球和模块型半导体更有效的冷却装置。现有的用于冰球型半导体水冷却的氮化铝散热器已被用作开发高性能散热器的基础,以增加热流密度。通过热学和流体动力学模拟工具,优化了内部几何形状,改善了传热,降低了压降。利用各种测量技术进行了大量实验,验证了仿真结果。作为半导体模组的另一种冷却方法,提出了一种由若干翅片组成的改进基板,用于直接水冷却。对于智能温度管理,已经开发了控制算法,从而产生了一个原型ASIC,该原型ASIC已实现用于测试目的。
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引用次数: 4
Motion-planning for welding robots 焊接机器人的运动规划
K. Verbarg
We present an approach to tackle general motion planning problems in high dimensional configuration spaces. The position of a robot in a workspace can be uniquely described by a configuration vector. This vector for example encodes the angles between consecutive links of a robot manipulator, the length of this vector is the number of degrees of freedom (dof) of the robot and the dimension of the configuration space. For a scene of obstacles in the workspace the motion planning problem aims to find a collision-free motion between two given configurations of the robot. The running time of all exact algorithms is exponential in the number f of degrees of freedom in the worst case. This is due to the fact that the complexity of free space can be /spl Omega/(n/sup f/), where n is the number of constraints. Obviously these approaches are not well suited for practical applications, where f is usually larger than three. Here, we put forward the claim that in practical situations it may not be necessary to compute an optimal path. We develop a new heuristic taking advantage of the "sparsity" of the obstacles, which means that the clearance of the motion we are seeking is large. We focus especially on welding robots to argue that our assumptions are practical. Our algorithm is based on the A*-algorithm and pure clearance computations in the work space. Our algorithm has been implemented in its general form to verify and test its performance, that means there are no restrictions of the dimension, the type of the robot etc. The efficiency of our method is confirmed by experiments in simulated environments.
我们提出了一种解决高维位形空间中一般运动规划问题的方法。机器人在工作空间中的位置可以用位形向量唯一地描述。例如,这个向量编码了机器人机械手连续连杆之间的角度,这个向量的长度是机器人的自由度(dof)的个数和位形空间的维数。对于工作空间中存在障碍物的场景,运动规划问题的目的是在给定的两种机器人构型之间找到一种无碰撞的运动。在最坏的情况下,所有精确算法的运行时间都是自由度数目f的指数。这是因为自由空间的复杂度可以是/spl /(n/sup f/),其中n是约束的数量。显然,这些方法不太适合实际应用,因为f通常大于3。在这里,我们提出,在实际情况下,可能没有必要计算一个最优路径。我们开发了一种新的启发式方法,利用障碍物的“稀疏性”,这意味着我们正在寻找的运动的间隙很大。我们特别关注焊接机器人,以证明我们的假设是可行的。我们的算法基于A*算法和工作空间的纯间隙计算。我们的算法以一般形式实现,验证和测试其性能,即不受尺寸,机器人类型等限制。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Space vector modulation techniques for current source rectifiers operating at switching frequencies up to 1 kHz 用于开关频率高达1khz的电流源整流器的空间矢量调制技术
J. Espinoza, G. Joós, L.A. Cea, L. Salazar
PWM current source rectifiers (PWM-CSRs) are gradually replacing phase-controlled thyristor-based rectifiers as front-end high power supplies. Advantages include reduced line current harmonic distortion and unity power factor operation. Moreover, with the help of regenerative and resonant snubbers, a three-phase six-switches bridge configuration can now control high power levels (1.2 MVA) while operating at switching frequencies up to 1 kHz. In this range of power and switching frequencies, the switching pattern must be carefully chosen since it defines the supply current harmonic distortion which finally restricts the maximum attainable total input power factor. This paper proposes two space vector based modulating techniques for high power/low switching frequency applications (<1 kHz). The developed switching patterns feature similar performance (low harmonic distortion, minimum switching frequency, and instantaneous line current control) to that obtained with optimum off-line pattern generators (such as selective harmonic elimination). Moreover, they add the following features: (a) the selection of the switches to turn-on/off and the calculation of their on/off-times are done by solving linear algebraic equations, (b) there is no need for stored data since calculations can be implemented on-line, (c) the overmodulation region is naturally covered, including six-step operation, and (d) the short circuit pulses are generated automatically and distributed symmetrically through all the power switches, which enables an even sharing of the switching and conduction losses.
PWM电流源整流器(PWM- csrs)正逐渐取代基于晶闸管的相控整流器作为前端大功率电源。优点是降低了线路电流谐波失真,工作功率因数统一。此外,在再生缓冲器和谐振缓冲器的帮助下,三相六开关桥配置现在可以控制高功率水平(1.2 MVA),同时工作在高达1 kHz的开关频率下。在这个功率和开关频率范围内,必须仔细选择开关模式,因为它决定了供电电流谐波失真,最终限制了可达到的最大总输入功率因数。本文提出了两种基于空间矢量的高功率/低开关频率(< 1khz)调制技术。所开发的开关模式具有与最佳离线模式发生器(如选择性谐波消除)相似的性能(低谐波失真、最小开关频率和瞬时线路电流控制)。此外,它们还增加了以下功能:(a)通过求解线性代数方程来选择开关的开/关和计算开关的开/关时间,(b)不需要存储数据,因为计算可以在线实现,(c)自然覆盖过调制区域,包括六步操作,(d)短路脉冲自动产生,并通过所有电源开关对称分布,这使得开关和传导损失均匀分担。
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引用次数: 12
Robot navigation using visual information 利用视觉信息的机器人导航
I. Fonseca, J. Dias
This paper addresses the problem of performing navigation with a mobile robot using active vision exploring the image sphere properties in a stereo divergent configuration. The navigational process is supported by the control of the robot's steering and forward movements just using visual information as feedback. The steering control solution is based on the difference between signals of visual motion flow computed in images on different positions of a virtual image sphere. The majority of solutions based on motion flow and proposed until now, were usually very unstable because they normally compute other parameters from the motion flow. In our case the control is based directly on the difference between motion flow signals on different images. Those multiple images are obtained by small mirrors, that simulate cameras positioned in different positions on the image sphere. Another new version for the spherical sensor is under development. The control algorithm described in this work is based on a discrete-event approach to generate a controlling feedback signal for navigation of an autonomous robot with an active vision system as described.
本文研究了利用主动视觉在立体发散构型下探索像球特性的移动机器人导航问题。导航过程由机器人的转向和向前运动控制来支持,只使用视觉信息作为反馈。该转向控制方案基于虚拟图像球上不同位置图像中计算的视觉运动流信号的差异。迄今为止提出的大多数基于运动流的解决方案通常非常不稳定,因为它们通常是从运动流中计算其他参数。在我们的例子中,控制直接基于不同图像上的运动流信号之间的差异。这些多幅图像是由小镜子获得的,这些小镜子模拟放置在图像球上不同位置的相机。球形传感器的另一个新版本正在开发中。本工作中描述的控制算法基于离散事件方法来生成控制反馈信号,用于具有所述主动视觉系统的自主机器人的导航。
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引用次数: 1
An improved fuzzy learning algorithm for motion control applications [PM synchronous motors] 一种用于运动控制应用的改进模糊学习算法[永磁同步电动机]
J. Silva Neto, H. Le-Huy
In this paper, the authors describe an improved fuzzy adaptation method to construct or change the knowledge base in the fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The objective of the fuzzy logic adaptation mechanism (FLAM) is to change the rules definition in the FLC rule base table, according to the comparison between a reference model output signal and the system output. The FLAM is composed by a fuzzy inverse model and a knowledge base modifier. The learning algorithm has a local effect but differently from previous fuzzy strategies it uses a weighting factor for each active rule, to avoid unnecessary control signal switching. They show the efficiency of this method in a TMS320C30 DSP-based speed fuzzy control scheme of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The fuzzy logic adaptive strategy can be easily implemented. It has fast learning features and very good tracking characteristics even under severe variations of the system parameters, due to the improved algorithm.
本文提出了一种改进的模糊自适应方法来构建或改变模糊控制器中的知识库。模糊逻辑自适应机制(FLAM)的目标是根据参考模型输出信号与系统输出信号的比较,改变FLC规则基表中的规则定义。该模型由模糊逆模型和知识库修正器组成。该学习算法具有局部效应,但不同于以往的模糊策略,它对每条主动规则使用一个加权因子,以避免不必要的控制信号切换。在基于TMS320C30 dsp的永磁同步电机速度模糊控制方案中验证了该方法的有效性。模糊逻辑自适应策略易于实现。由于改进的算法,即使在系统参数剧烈变化的情况下,也具有快速的学习特性和良好的跟踪特性。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
IECON '98. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (Cat. No.98CH36200)
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