Pub Date : 2020-12-19DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202603
Francesca Abastante, I. M. Lami, Beatrice Mecca
Our cities represent the crucial nodes of intervention to improve living conditions and promote sustainability.Therefore, the current pandemic, combined with the climate emergency, translates into an urban emergency.In light of the devastating effects of Covid-19 and the rethinking of the concept of sustainability, the goal of developing inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements pursued by theSustainable Development Goal 11 may now require re vision in terms of the indicators used for its monitoring. Indicators are crucial since they help to make sustainable development visible and transparent, enable comparison, build and harmonize databases and provide information relevant to decision-making processes and urban and territorial policies by facilitating communication across arenas. The aim of this paper is to provide a picture of the indicators currently used to monitor SDG11, to present a series of critical reviews of them in light of the Covid-19emergency, and to suggest the introduction of some new indicators, thus opening a scientific debate on the topic.
{"title":"How Covid-19 influences the 2030 Agenda: do the practices of achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 11 need rethinking and adjustment?","authors":"Francesca Abastante, I. M. Lami, Beatrice Mecca","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202603","url":null,"abstract":"Our cities represent the crucial nodes of intervention to improve living conditions and promote sustainability.Therefore, the current pandemic, combined with the climate emergency, translates into an urban emergency.In light of the devastating effects of Covid-19 and the rethinking of the concept of sustainability, the goal of developing inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable cities and human settlements pursued by theSustainable Development Goal 11 may now require re vision in terms of the indicators used for its monitoring. Indicators are crucial since they help to make sustainable development visible and transparent, enable comparison, build and harmonize databases and provide information relevant to decision-making processes and urban and territorial policies by facilitating communication across arenas. The aim of this paper is to provide a picture of the indicators currently used to monitor SDG11, to present a series of critical reviews of them in light of the Covid-19emergency, and to suggest the introduction of some new indicators, thus opening a scientific debate on the topic.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46566348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-19DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202602
Enrico Fattinnanzi
Following the pandemic, investments in theconstruction sector are destined to reach exceptionallevels, with noteworthy effects on economicproduction, all while providing a very real opportunityto carry out projects that could resolve a good many ofthe critical problems currently affecting the towns, citiesand surrounding territory of Italy: problems such asaccessibility, the distribution of public resources andservices, and seismic and hydrogeological safety;foremost among these are problems plaguing structuralfunctions, as well as the lack of social and economicintegration in outlying urban areas. And yet there is arisk that pursuit of these objectives could be seriouslyhampered by distressing levels of inefficiency in theoverall organisation of the processes of intervention, aswell as the unwarranted influence of special interests,including, in some cases, infiltration by organised crime.The resulting situation presents an unacceptable ratioof resources allocated to the quality of results. Thispaper illustrates why significantly different forms ofgovernance should be adopted, together with a totallynew, innovative approach to organising the processesof intervention. A reference found to be especially useful in formulatingthe considerations developed in the paper was a criticalanalysis of the results - ultimately judged to be positive- of the project to replace the Morandi Bridge in Genoa,though mention was also made of the factors thatrender a generalised application of this example tofuture investments unfeasible. Instead we have focussed on certain aspects that, as wesee it, may prove useful in arriving at a new approach tomanaging project programs: first of all, theestablishment, at the heart of any project, and especiallythose that are particularly demanding in terms of sizeand/or quality, of a strong management function that,being in possession of all the necessary powers andknow-how, is responsible for successful performance ofthe work, meaning proper use of the availableresources, compliance with deadlines and pursuit of allthe objectives and standards of performance that gaverise to investment in the first place. To this end, planningquality is held to be of the utmost importance, and soplanning decisions should be supported by effectiveevaluation procedures. And such procedures, the paperargues, prove all the more effective when they supportfor each and every one of the phases of decision-making involved in planning, covering governance ofthe entire process, up to and including the actualexecution of the project.AbstractYou delight in laying down laws, Yet you delight more in breaking them.Like children playing by the ocean who build sand-towerswith constancy and then destroy them with laughter...... But while you build your sand-towers the ocean brings more sand to the shore.From The ProphetKhalil Gibran
{"title":"The role of valuation in the construction industry of the post-Covid era / Il ruolo del settore delle costruzioni nell’epoca del dopo corona virus","authors":"Enrico Fattinnanzi","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202602","url":null,"abstract":"Following the pandemic, investments in theconstruction sector are destined to reach exceptionallevels, with noteworthy effects on economicproduction, all while providing a very real opportunityto carry out projects that could resolve a good many ofthe critical problems currently affecting the towns, citiesand surrounding territory of Italy: problems such asaccessibility, the distribution of public resources andservices, and seismic and hydrogeological safety;foremost among these are problems plaguing structuralfunctions, as well as the lack of social and economicintegration in outlying urban areas. And yet there is arisk that pursuit of these objectives could be seriouslyhampered by distressing levels of inefficiency in theoverall organisation of the processes of intervention, aswell as the unwarranted influence of special interests,including, in some cases, infiltration by organised crime.The resulting situation presents an unacceptable ratioof resources allocated to the quality of results. Thispaper illustrates why significantly different forms ofgovernance should be adopted, together with a totallynew, innovative approach to organising the processesof intervention. A reference found to be especially useful in formulatingthe considerations developed in the paper was a criticalanalysis of the results - ultimately judged to be positive- of the project to replace the Morandi Bridge in Genoa,though mention was also made of the factors thatrender a generalised application of this example tofuture investments unfeasible. Instead we have focussed on certain aspects that, as wesee it, may prove useful in arriving at a new approach tomanaging project programs: first of all, theestablishment, at the heart of any project, and especiallythose that are particularly demanding in terms of sizeand/or quality, of a strong management function that,being in possession of all the necessary powers andknow-how, is responsible for successful performance ofthe work, meaning proper use of the availableresources, compliance with deadlines and pursuit of allthe objectives and standards of performance that gaverise to investment in the first place. To this end, planningquality is held to be of the utmost importance, and soplanning decisions should be supported by effectiveevaluation procedures. And such procedures, the paperargues, prove all the more effective when they supportfor each and every one of the phases of decision-making involved in planning, covering governance ofthe entire process, up to and including the actualexecution of the project.AbstractYou delight in laying down laws, Yet you delight more in breaking them.Like children playing by the ocean who build sand-towerswith constancy and then destroy them with laughter...... But while you build your sand-towers the ocean brings more sand to the shore.From The ProphetKhalil Gibran","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42634470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-19DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202606
Simone Rusci, M. Perrone
Contraction, downsizing, rescaling and subtraction are all words that characterise the urban planning debate with increasing frequency. Two components can be found at the basis of their circulation and declination.On the one hand, the recognition of the vast unused and disused real estate for which regeneration, reuse and renovation are not possible; on the other hand, the will and hope to rebalance the results of the hypertrophic twentieth-century urban development. The legitimacy of these instances is the wides pread belief that demolition and contraction are low-cost operations that can be financed by the owners of the property or through the usual equalisation and negotiation mechanisms. By using a case study, this paper will clear up amis understanding; it will explain how demolition and subtraction costs, which can be put on equal footing with renovations and, in some cases, new construction are sufficiently massive making their implementation within the public and public-private policies very difficult.
{"title":"The city to be demolished. A case study for the analysis of demolition and urban contraction costs in Italy [La città da demolire. Un caso studio per l’analisi dei costi di demolizione e contrazione urbana in Italia]","authors":"Simone Rusci, M. Perrone","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202606","url":null,"abstract":"Contraction, downsizing, rescaling and subtraction are all words that characterise the urban planning debate with increasing frequency. Two components can be found at the basis of their circulation and declination.On the one hand, the recognition of the vast unused and disused real estate for which regeneration, reuse and renovation are not possible; on the other hand, the will and hope to rebalance the results of the hypertrophic twentieth-century urban development. The legitimacy of these instances is the wides pread belief that demolition and contraction are low-cost operations that can be financed by the owners of the property or through the usual equalisation and negotiation mechanisms. By using a case study, this paper will clear up amis understanding; it will explain how demolition and subtraction costs, which can be put on equal footing with renovations and, in some cases, new construction are sufficiently massive making their implementation within the public and public-private policies very difficult.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47215031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202703
E. Micelli, Agostino Valier
The public/private partnerships have been a successful innovation in the implementation of urban plans and they became an ordinary instrument in city planning and management. In the partnerships, agreements on zoning allow more advantageous planning rules. The corresponding economic gain is shared between the administration and the property. Research has devoted attention to the nature of the economic gain, investigating its nature and how it should be shared. Less effort has been devoted instead to understand how general norms have found application in the administrative action of public authorities. The research focuses on these aspects and investigates methodologies and techniques with which public administrations have evaluated public/private partnerships in cities development projects. The study identified Veneto Region as a privileged area of research. We examined the administrative acts approved by the municipalities with regard to the public/private partnerships allowed by Veneto planning law (LR 11/2004) and by decree 380/2001 derogatory building permits. Attention was paid to provincial capitals and, in order to have a representative sample of smaller towns, the survey considered all the municipalities of the Vicenza province. Conclusions of the research are controversial. The economic issue seems well managed: local administrations acquired the economic ratio of the agreements and the necessity of sharing the gain resulting from administrative decisions between public authorities and landlords. Local acts focus on valuation methodologies, in particular on automatic or quasi-automatic valuations, with debatable outcomes: the application of automatic procedures does not necessarily lead to quality results. Lastly, in territories substantially homogeneous, only a few kilometers away, levy rates can be very different, posing obvious and relevant problems of effectiveness and fairness.
{"title":"Evaluating the planning gain in the practices of local authorities [La misura dell’accordo. la valutazione delle contribuzioni straordinarie tra norme di legge e prassi degli enti locali]","authors":"E. Micelli, Agostino Valier","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202703","url":null,"abstract":"The public/private partnerships have been a successful innovation in the implementation of urban plans and they became an ordinary instrument in city planning and management. In the partnerships, agreements on zoning allow more advantageous planning rules. The corresponding economic gain is shared between the administration and the property. Research has devoted attention to the nature of the economic gain, investigating its nature and how it should be shared. Less effort has been devoted instead to understand how general norms have found application in the administrative action of public authorities. The research focuses on these aspects and investigates methodologies and techniques with which public administrations have evaluated public/private partnerships in cities development projects. The study identified Veneto Region as a privileged area of research. We examined the administrative acts approved by the municipalities with regard to the public/private partnerships allowed by Veneto planning law (LR 11/2004) and by decree 380/2001 derogatory building permits. Attention was paid to provincial capitals and, in order to have a representative sample of smaller towns, the survey considered all the municipalities of the Vicenza province. Conclusions of the research are controversial. The economic issue seems well managed: local administrations acquired the economic ratio of the agreements and the necessity of sharing the gain resulting from administrative decisions between public authorities and landlords. Local acts focus on valuation methodologies, in particular on automatic or quasi-automatic valuations, with debatable outcomes: the application of automatic procedures does not necessarily lead to quality results. Lastly, in territories substantially homogeneous, only a few kilometers away, levy rates can be very different, posing obvious and relevant problems of effectiveness and fairness.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43253033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202712
S. Stanghellini
It is an established fact that in Italy the prolonged economic and financial crisis has depressed real estate values and therefore also that component of real estate value that is part of the price for the use of the land1. The judgment is almost universal, although there are some exceptions: Milan and its hinterland, some places of great landscape value, the historic centers of the “art cities”, and little else.
{"title":"Reflections on the governance of urban land rent in Italy today [Riflessioni sul governo della rendita fondiaria urbana oggi in Italia]","authors":"S. Stanghellini","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202712","url":null,"abstract":"It is an established fact that in Italy the prolonged economic and financial crisis has depressed real estate values and therefore also that component of real estate value that is part of the price for the use of the land1. The judgment is almost universal, although there are some exceptions: Milan and its hinterland, some places of great landscape value, the historic centers of the “art cities”, and little else.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48580254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202708
M. Guarini, Antonio Nesticò, P. Morano, F. Sica
Green areas in urban agglomerations are strategic resource for the sustainable city development. The implementation of Urban Forestry Projects (UFP) allows on the one hand to raise the environmental quality level, improving the microclimate and preserving biodiversity, on the other hand to promote urban regeneration and promote socio-economic development by creating eco-systemic s er vices for the population. The result is a more rational land use and an increase in real estate values. Although the EU Directives show the need to promote the sustainable territory growth through the recover y and redevelopment of the built environment, the implementation of investments based on eco-system logic is rarely counted as a priority action for the city, often preferring a different allocation of available resources. The present work aims first to define an indicators set useful to express the value components – financial, social, cultural and ecological- environmental – for the UFP. These indicator s are the reference terms for the characterization of an innovative protocol of multicriteria analysis for the public operator who wants to establish the optimal distribution of funds between UFP units in limited areas of the urban fabric. The protocol uses the algorithms of mathematical programming and is tested on a case study about urban areas to be redeveloped.
{"title":"Urban rent control: a decision support tool for the optimal resources allocation between urban forest projects","authors":"M. Guarini, Antonio Nesticò, P. Morano, F. Sica","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202708","url":null,"abstract":"Green areas in urban agglomerations are strategic resource for the sustainable city development. The implementation of Urban Forestry Projects (UFP) allows on the one hand to raise the environmental quality level, improving the microclimate and preserving biodiversity, on the other hand to promote urban regeneration and promote socio-economic development by creating eco-systemic s er vices for the population. The result is a more rational land use and an increase in real estate values. Although the EU Directives show the need to promote the sustainable territory growth through the recover y and redevelopment of the built environment, the implementation of investments based on eco-system logic is rarely counted as a priority action for the city, often preferring a different allocation of available resources. The present work aims first to define an indicators set useful to express the value components – financial, social, cultural and ecological- environmental – for the UFP. These indicator s are the reference terms for the characterization of an innovative protocol of multicriteria analysis for the public operator who wants to establish the optimal distribution of funds between UFP units in limited areas of the urban fabric. The protocol uses the algorithms of mathematical programming and is tested on a case study about urban areas to be redeveloped.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46240295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.48264/VVSIEV-20202711
Cristian Cannaos
The growth of building land does not always produce a positive differential rent on the existing building stock. The essay aims to discuss the case where urban expansion has negative effects on the rent of existing building plots and constructions. In other words, the differential rent assumes negative values that increase over time, lowering the value of existing properties. This occurs when the expansion of the city does not correspond to a real need for new housing. Generally, it happens in the presence of urban centres already in an advanced phase of demographic contraction, when the existing building stock would be sufficient to satisfy the real estate demand. This expansion (sometimes achieved through urban plans or building programs, others in the total absence of plans) is a phenomenon that, since the 1960s, has affected (and still affects) many smaller towns in Italy. While in the cities that attract population, urban expansion led to the creation of a positive and growing rent (absolute and differential), in the centres suffering from depopulation the same type of expansion had adverse effects on the existing building stock.
{"title":"Urban development and negative differential rent [Lo sviluppo urbano e la rendita differenziale negativa]","authors":"Cristian Cannaos","doi":"10.48264/VVSIEV-20202711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48264/VVSIEV-20202711","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of building land does not always produce a positive differential rent on the existing building stock. The essay aims to discuss the case where urban expansion has negative effects on the rent of existing building plots and constructions. In other words, the differential rent assumes negative values that increase over time, lowering the value of existing properties. This occurs when the expansion of the city does not correspond to a real need for new housing. Generally, it happens in the presence of urban centres already in an advanced phase of demographic contraction, when the existing building stock would be sufficient to satisfy the real estate demand. This expansion (sometimes achieved through urban plans or building programs, others in the total absence of plans) is a phenomenon that, since the 1960s, has affected (and still affects) many smaller towns in Italy. While in the cities that attract population, urban expansion led to the creation of a positive and growing rent (absolute and differential), in the centres suffering from depopulation the same type of expansion had adverse effects on the existing building stock.","PeriodicalId":37741,"journal":{"name":"Valori e Valutazioni","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42863882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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