Khaloud Tariq, Mehrin Wajahat, Muhammad Hassan, Aqsa Arif
Objective Handling medical emergency in a dental clinic requires skill and specialized equipment, without which a patient's life can be in jeopardy. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of medical emergencies in dental teaching hospitals and assess the preparedness of dental professionals with regard to the handling of emergency and the equipment available for that. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study employing nonprobability sampling. Data were collected from dental surgeons working in clinical specialties of five dental teaching hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A validated questionnaire was adopted from another study evaluating emergency prevalence and preparedness. Chi square test was used to assess significant associations among categorical variables while independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare mean values among different groups. Results Prevalence of medical emergencies encountered was 7.9%. About 45% of emergency events occurred during treatment. Hypoglycemia was reported to be the most encountered medical emergency, 83 (37%). Equipment that were available in most departments were stethoscope (81.8%), sphygmomanometer (79.7%), and oxygen cylinder (74.0%). Medications that were readily present were epinephrine (88.1%), glucose (83.2%), and aspirin (76.2%). Seventy-six (53.1%) respondents were not very well prepared to manage a presenting emergency. Twenty-two (85.3%) respondents suggested hands-on courses to improve their skills. About 56 (39.2%) respondents revealed that their departments were not well equipped to handle medical emergencies. Conclusion Most dentists will get to experience an emergency event during their practice for which they may be underprepared and lack appropriate skill and certainty in management. It also portrays serious lack of preparedness in the supporting staff as well as clinics being deficient in important emergency medication and equipment.
{"title":"Experience and Preparedness of Medical Emergency among Dentists of Private Dental Teaching Hospitals of Lahore","authors":"Khaloud Tariq, Mehrin Wajahat, Muhammad Hassan, Aqsa Arif","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742644","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective Handling medical emergency in a dental clinic requires skill and specialized equipment, without which a patient's life can be in jeopardy. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of medical emergencies in dental teaching hospitals and assess the preparedness of dental professionals with regard to the handling of emergency and the equipment available for that.\u0000 Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study employing nonprobability sampling. Data were collected from dental surgeons working in clinical specialties of five dental teaching hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A validated questionnaire was adopted from another study evaluating emergency prevalence and preparedness. Chi square test was used to assess significant associations among categorical variables while independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare mean values among different groups.\u0000 Results Prevalence of medical emergencies encountered was 7.9%. About 45% of emergency events occurred during treatment. Hypoglycemia was reported to be the most encountered medical emergency, 83 (37%). Equipment that were available in most departments were stethoscope (81.8%), sphygmomanometer (79.7%), and oxygen cylinder (74.0%). Medications that were readily present were epinephrine (88.1%), glucose (83.2%), and aspirin (76.2%). Seventy-six (53.1%) respondents were not very well prepared to manage a presenting emergency. Twenty-two (85.3%) respondents suggested hands-on courses to improve their skills. About 56 (39.2%) respondents revealed that their departments were not well equipped to handle medical emergencies.\u0000 Conclusion Most dentists will get to experience an emergency event during their practice for which they may be underprepared and lack appropriate skill and certainty in management. It also portrays serious lack of preparedness in the supporting staff as well as clinics being deficient in important emergency medication and equipment.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43598868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patients with hypodontia appear to have a different craniofacial morphology as compared with controls. They tend to have more class III skeletal pattern and retroclined upper and lower soft tissue lips as a consequence of retroclined upper and lower incisors. These features are more pronounced as the severity of the hypodontia increases. In addition to changes in craniofacial and soft tissue morphology, various dental anomalies are commonly associated with hypodontia such as microdontia of the remaining dentition, anomalies in tooth shape, particularly peg-shaped upper lateral incisors, smaller root dimensions of some of the permanent teeth, and decreased maxillary and mandibular dental arch widths and lengths measurements. Other dental anomalies which are seen in association with hypodontia are taurodontism of molars, retained deciduous molars, delayed development of the permanent teeth, distoangulation of the mandibular second premolar, and infraocclusion of the deciduous molars.
{"title":"Craniofacial and Oral Manifestations of Non-Syndromic Hypodontia: A Review","authors":"K. Khalaf, Mohamed El-Kishawi","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742355","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with hypodontia appear to have a different craniofacial morphology as compared with controls. They tend to have more class III skeletal pattern and retroclined upper and lower soft tissue lips as a consequence of retroclined upper and lower incisors. These features are more pronounced as the severity of the hypodontia increases. In addition to changes in craniofacial and soft tissue morphology, various dental anomalies are commonly associated with hypodontia such as microdontia of the remaining dentition, anomalies in tooth shape, particularly peg-shaped upper lateral incisors, smaller root dimensions of some of the permanent teeth, and decreased maxillary and mandibular dental arch widths and lengths measurements. Other dental anomalies which are seen in association with hypodontia are taurodontism of molars, retained deciduous molars, delayed development of the permanent teeth, distoangulation of the mandibular second premolar, and infraocclusion of the deciduous molars.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49088250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Hani, A. Ansari, S. Khan, M. Moten, Farzeen S. Waseem, Zohaib Khurshid Sultan
Objectives The perceptions maintained by the teaching profession have a plausible influence on the effectiveness of online teaching practices, but they have not been well comprehended in many institutions in Pakistan. This study is the first to demonstrate how different academic disciplines address the challenges and opportunities regarding online teaching during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and whether there exists a strong correlation between respondents' attitudes and their field of discipline. Materials and Methods A multi-centric cross-sectional survey was conducted online, and data gathered from the online survey were analyzed using SPSS version 16, demographic and categorical data were analyzed in frequencies and percentages. A relationship between the attitudes of teachers with their areas of discipline and a difference in response between genders and age groups were analyzed using a chi-square test. Results The findings of our study provide valuable understandings that most of the higher education faculty felt positively (64.1%) regarding the online mode of teaching. However, their perceived attitudes have a significant influence on the nature of their academic discipline. Conclusion These findings provide relevant suggestions to the core aspects of the use of the e-learning system during the COVID-19 pandemic to foster positive teaching experiences. The administrations and institutions can use it to identify the e-learning constraints within multiple fields of profession and help instructors generate quality materials that will reshape the framework of online education and preserve the practice of blended teaching even after the pandemic.
{"title":"Adaptation from Conventional to Virtual Teaching Practices during COVID-19 Emergence: Perceptions of Multidisciplinary Teaching Faculty of Pakistan","authors":"U. Hani, A. Ansari, S. Khan, M. Moten, Farzeen S. Waseem, Zohaib Khurshid Sultan","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742359","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objectives The perceptions maintained by the teaching profession have a plausible influence on the effectiveness of online teaching practices, but they have not been well comprehended in many institutions in Pakistan. This study is the first to demonstrate how different academic disciplines address the challenges and opportunities regarding online teaching during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and whether there exists a strong correlation between respondents' attitudes and their field of discipline.\u0000 Materials and Methods A multi-centric cross-sectional survey was conducted online, and data gathered from the online survey were analyzed using SPSS version 16, demographic and categorical data were analyzed in frequencies and percentages. A relationship between the attitudes of teachers with their areas of discipline and a difference in response between genders and age groups were analyzed using a chi-square test.\u0000 Results The findings of our study provide valuable understandings that most of the higher education faculty felt positively (64.1%) regarding the online mode of teaching. However, their perceived attitudes have a significant influence on the nature of their academic discipline.\u0000 Conclusion These findings provide relevant suggestions to the core aspects of the use of the e-learning system during the COVID-19 pandemic to foster positive teaching experiences. The administrations and institutions can use it to identify the e-learning constraints within multiple fields of profession and help instructors generate quality materials that will reshape the framework of online education and preserve the practice of blended teaching even after the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44297298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. Demachkia, L. Sichi, J. Rodrigues, L. N. Junior, R. Araújo, N. C. Ramos, M. Bottino, João Paulo Mendes Tribst
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hybrid abutment with different angles (0 and 15 degrees) on the stress distribution and deformation on maxillary implant-supported fixed prosthesis, using digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and Methods For DIC, two situations were considered: conventional straight implant placement and implant placement with 15 degrees inclination. Different zirconia mesostructures were milled, one straight and the other with a 15-degree angulation to correct the implant positioning. Then, the zirconia mesostructures were cemented to the titanium base (Ti base), and both groups received a lithium disilicate crown. The DIC technique was performed to measure the deformation generated on the simulated bone surface (150 N loading). For the FEA (in silico), three-dimensional numerical models based on the in vitro setup were modeled using computer-aided design software. All materials were considered elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. Comparison of both methods showed coherence between the in vitro and in silico results. The von-Mises stress of the implants, Ti base and screw, and the maximum principal stress in the mesostructure and crown were calculated for both conditions. Results The overall surface deformation distributions determined by both techniques were considered similar allowing the model validation. The higher deformation was found in the cervical region with a higher magnitude for the angled hybrid abutment. The same pattern was observed in the stress fields regardless of the analyzed region and structure. Conclusion Based on this study, using an angled hybrid abutment to correct the implant positioning generated higher stress in the implant fixture, surrounding tissue, Ti base, screw, and crown. Therefore, the implant should be positioned axially, whenever possible, to reduce the mechanical complications.
{"title":"Implant-Supported Restoration with Straight and Angled Hybrid Abutments: Digital Image Correlation and 3D-Finite Element Analysis","authors":"A. M. Demachkia, L. Sichi, J. Rodrigues, L. N. Junior, R. Araújo, N. C. Ramos, M. Bottino, João Paulo Mendes Tribst","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1744362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744362","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hybrid abutment with different angles (0 and 15 degrees) on the stress distribution and deformation on maxillary implant-supported fixed prosthesis, using digital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA).\u0000 Materials and Methods For DIC, two situations were considered: conventional straight implant placement and implant placement with 15 degrees inclination. Different zirconia mesostructures were milled, one straight and the other with a 15-degree angulation to correct the implant positioning. Then, the zirconia mesostructures were cemented to the titanium base (Ti base), and both groups received a lithium disilicate crown. The DIC technique was performed to measure the deformation generated on the simulated bone surface (150 N loading). For the FEA (in silico), three-dimensional numerical models based on the in vitro setup were modeled using computer-aided design software. All materials were considered elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous. Comparison of both methods showed coherence between the in vitro and in silico results. The von-Mises stress of the implants, Ti base and screw, and the maximum principal stress in the mesostructure and crown were calculated for both conditions.\u0000 Results The overall surface deformation distributions determined by both techniques were considered similar allowing the model validation. The higher deformation was found in the cervical region with a higher magnitude for the angled hybrid abutment. The same pattern was observed in the stress fields regardless of the analyzed region and structure.\u0000 Conclusion Based on this study, using an angled hybrid abutment to correct the implant positioning generated higher stress in the implant fixture, surrounding tissue, Ti base, screw, and crown. Therefore, the implant should be positioned axially, whenever possible, to reduce the mechanical complications.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yung Wei Jarred Lee, Anika Patel, Sandeep Acharya, M. Seshu
Objective In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the use of virtual appointments increased substantially. An audit was designed to evaluate the efficacy of virtual appointments at Alder Hey Children's Hospital. Patients and clinicians satisfaction of virtual appointments were also recorded. Materials and Methods Patients having virtual appointments were identified, and data were recorded, including demographics and outcome of the appointment. A pilot study was conducted to identify any necessary modifications to the data collection process. Data were collected over two cycles, and the results were analyzed. Results The first cycle was performed retrospectively and there were 158 patients identified who had a virtual appointment. An outcome could be drawn from the virtual appointment in over 70% of cases. Recommendations following the first cycle were implemented. A second cycle was then completed prospectively. A total of 145 patients were identified. An outcome could be drawn in 51% of cases. Patient and clinician feedback on virtual appointments was generally positive. Conclusion This study demonstrated that a successful outcome could be drawn in the majority of virtual appointments, and clinicians and patients had positive experiences regarding virtual clinics. This highlights the usefulness of this service, which is particularly relevant due to the increased reliance on virtual clinics during the pandemic.
{"title":"Virtual Consultations—“Should We Be Using Them?”: A Two-Cycle Clinical Audit","authors":"Yung Wei Jarred Lee, Anika Patel, Sandeep Acharya, M. Seshu","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742360","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the use of virtual appointments increased substantially. An audit was designed to evaluate the efficacy of virtual appointments at Alder Hey Children's Hospital. Patients and clinicians satisfaction of virtual appointments were also recorded.\u0000 Materials and Methods Patients having virtual appointments were identified, and data were recorded, including demographics and outcome of the appointment. A pilot study was conducted to identify any necessary modifications to the data collection process. Data were collected over two cycles, and the results were analyzed.\u0000 Results The first cycle was performed retrospectively and there were 158 patients identified who had a virtual appointment. An outcome could be drawn from the virtual appointment in over 70% of cases. Recommendations following the first cycle were implemented. A second cycle was then completed prospectively. A total of 145 patients were identified. An outcome could be drawn in 51% of cases. Patient and clinician feedback on virtual appointments was generally positive.\u0000 Conclusion This study demonstrated that a successful outcome could be drawn in the majority of virtual appointments, and clinicians and patients had positive experiences regarding virtual clinics. This highlights the usefulness of this service, which is particularly relevant due to the increased reliance on virtual clinics during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44260188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective The goal of primary and secondary endodontic treatment is to eliminate the cause of inflammation inside the tooth and in the surrounding tissues. When the inflammation from the root canal system of the tooth spreads beyond the apex of the root, periapical changes in the bone tissue and, in the case of upper premolars and molars, inflammatory changes in the Schneider membrane may occur. Materials and Methods In a retrospective documentation analysis of root canal treatments, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography images before and after endodontic treatment were assessed to measure the thickness of the Schneider membrane. Forty-five endodontically treated patients aged 21 to 62 years were enrolled in the study. Inflammation of the maxillary sinus was considered when the Schneider membrane was thicker than 2 mm. Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica 12 by StatSoft and StatXact by Cytel using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t-test, and the Mann–Whitney test. Results Out of 12 comparisons between variables, only 3 comparisons were significant. There was a relationship between the treatment effect (reduction in maxillary sinus inflammation 3 months after treatment) and the maximum height of the Schneider membrane (p = 0.004). There was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the minimum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.02), and there was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the maximum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.04). Conclusion Primary and secondary root canal treatments of maxillary premolars and molars reduce the inflammation of the maxillary sinus 3 months after treatment.
{"title":"Influence of Periapical Lesion on Healing in Sinus after Endodontics","authors":"K. Migas, Joanna Marchlewska","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1739509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1739509","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective The goal of primary and secondary endodontic treatment is to eliminate the cause of inflammation inside the tooth and in the surrounding tissues. When the inflammation from the root canal system of the tooth spreads beyond the apex of the root, periapical changes in the bone tissue and, in the case of upper premolars and molars, inflammatory changes in the Schneider membrane may occur.\u0000 Materials and Methods In a retrospective documentation analysis of root canal treatments, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography images before and after endodontic treatment were assessed to measure the thickness of the Schneider membrane. Forty-five endodontically treated patients aged 21 to 62 years were enrolled in the study. Inflammation of the maxillary sinus was considered when the Schneider membrane was thicker than 2 mm. Statistical analyses were performed with Statistica 12 by StatSoft and StatXact by Cytel using the Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's t-test, and the Mann–Whitney test.\u0000 Results Out of 12 comparisons between variables, only 3 comparisons were significant. There was a relationship between the treatment effect (reduction in maxillary sinus inflammation 3 months after treatment) and the maximum height of the Schneider membrane (p = 0.004). There was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the minimum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.02), and there was a relationship between the presence of a periapical lesion and the maximum height of the Schneider diaphragm (p = 0.04).\u0000 Conclusion Primary and secondary root canal treatments of maxillary premolars and molars reduce the inflammation of the maxillary sinus 3 months after treatment.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47168833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arlette Suzy Setiawan, Nidia Abhista, Prima Andisetyanto, R. Indriyanti, Netty Suryanti
Growth stunting is a form of malnutrition that causes children to have a shorter height for their age. Growth stunting can affect tooth eruption, including delayed deciduous teeth eruption. An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2020 including the terms related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles in English and Indonesian, research on humans, research articles, and articles that can be accessed in full text. Articles that were not related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles published over the last 10 years, articles that only used weight for age indicator as an indicator of malnutrition, and articles with incomplete pages were excluded from the study. Seven cross-sectional articles were included in this study. Three studies assessed the age of deciduous teeth eruption, two studies assessed the number of erupted deciduous teeth in malnourished children, three studies assessed the sequence of deciduous teeth eruption, and six studies assessed the association of nutritional status with deciduous teeth eruption.
{"title":"Growth Stunting Implication in Children: A Review on Primary Tooth Eruption","authors":"Arlette Suzy Setiawan, Nidia Abhista, Prima Andisetyanto, R. Indriyanti, Netty Suryanti","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742357","url":null,"abstract":"Growth stunting is a form of malnutrition that causes children to have a shorter height for their age. Growth stunting can affect tooth eruption, including delayed deciduous teeth eruption. An electronic search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2020 including the terms related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles in English and Indonesian, research on humans, research articles, and articles that can be accessed in full text. Articles that were not related to eruption time of deciduous teeth in stunted children, articles published over the last 10 years, articles that only used weight for age indicator as an indicator of malnutrition, and articles with incomplete pages were excluded from the study. Seven cross-sectional articles were included in this study. Three studies assessed the age of deciduous teeth eruption, two studies assessed the number of erupted deciduous teeth in malnourished children, three studies assessed the sequence of deciduous teeth eruption, and six studies assessed the association of nutritional status with deciduous teeth eruption.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47508833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The function of biomaterials has been to replace infected or injured tissues. The first used biomaterials were bioinert, thus minimizing formation of scar tissue at the interface with host tissues. Bioglass was discovered in 1969. Larry Hench developed Bioglass 45S5, which was the earliest synthetic substance that was bonded chemically with bone. In recent researches it has appeared that Bioglass bonds with bone more readily than other bioceramics; it also indicated that the osteogenic properties are due to stimulation of osteoprogenitor cells by the dissolution products formed from Bioglass. Bioglass is chemically calcium sodium phosphosilicate, which is capable of forming an active chemical bond with the tissues. Bioglass is particularly biocompatible which, when placed in body cavity or on reacting with body stimulating factors, induces hydroxyapatite formation. This paper reviews Bioglass as a material of modern dentistry and its various applications in modern dentistry. It also discusses its composition, methods of preparation, and mechanism of action, along with its advantages and disadvantages.
{"title":"Bioglass: A New Era in Modern Dentistry","authors":"Shruti Singh, Amit Patil, S. Mali, H. Jaiswal","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742356","url":null,"abstract":"The function of biomaterials has been to replace infected or injured tissues. The first used biomaterials were bioinert, thus minimizing formation of scar tissue at the interface with host tissues. Bioglass was discovered in 1969. Larry Hench developed Bioglass 45S5, which was the earliest synthetic substance that was bonded chemically with bone. In recent researches it has appeared that Bioglass bonds with bone more readily than other bioceramics; it also indicated that the osteogenic properties are due to stimulation of osteoprogenitor cells by the dissolution products formed from Bioglass. Bioglass is chemically calcium sodium phosphosilicate, which is capable of forming an active chemical bond with the tissues. Bioglass is particularly biocompatible which, when placed in body cavity or on reacting with body stimulating factors, induces hydroxyapatite formation. This paper reviews Bioglass as a material of modern dentistry and its various applications in modern dentistry. It also discusses its composition, methods of preparation, and mechanism of action, along with its advantages and disadvantages.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47573659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paradigm is shifting in the orthodontic world with the introduction of mini screw type of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). This clinical report shows treatment and 3-year retention results of nonsurgical and extraction treatment in a 34-year-old female patient treated with maxillary molar intrusion mechanics and habit control. After 24 months of active orthodontic treatment, splendid outcomes were achieved. She presented with a chief complaint of problems in biting from her front teeth. She has a Class II skeletal and dental relationship with increased vertical proportions. Control of vertical dimension and producing autorotation of mandible were the key reasons to reduce facial convexity and improvement in profile. Treatment effects of 5 degrees of autorotation of mandible and 4 mm of maxillary molar intrusion were produced to correct pre-treatment anterior open bite of 5 mm. Based on available clinical evidence, we suggest that TADs with composite buttons on molars can be used as a valuable tool to intrude molars including wisdom teeth, and help correct the skeletal open-bite with good control without buccal tipping.
{"title":"Non-Surgical Approach to Correct Skeletal Open-Bite Malocclusion in an Adult Patient Using Third Molar Intrusion Mechanics: A Clinical Case Report","authors":"Saima Nizar Hirji","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1742358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1742358","url":null,"abstract":"Paradigm is shifting in the orthodontic world with the introduction of mini screw type of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). This clinical report shows treatment and 3-year retention results of nonsurgical and extraction treatment in a 34-year-old female patient treated with maxillary molar intrusion mechanics and habit control. After 24 months of active orthodontic treatment, splendid outcomes were achieved. She presented with a chief complaint of problems in biting from her front teeth. She has a Class II skeletal and dental relationship with increased vertical proportions. Control of vertical dimension and producing autorotation of mandible were the key reasons to reduce facial convexity and improvement in profile. Treatment effects of 5 degrees of autorotation of mandible and 4 mm of maxillary molar intrusion were produced to correct pre-treatment anterior open bite of 5 mm. Based on available clinical evidence, we suggest that TADs with composite buttons on molars can be used as a valuable tool to intrude molars including wisdom teeth, and help correct the skeletal open-bite with good control without buccal tipping.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42233221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byron Velásquez-Ron, María Galárraga-Criollo, María Romero-Guerrero, María Rodriguez-Tates, Flavio Pineda-Lopez
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of chewing force in edentulous geriatric patients rehabilitated with complete dentures. Chewing function is compromised in individuals who lose all their teeth, as well as in those with complete dentures. The maintenance and recovery of the chewing function in these patients require replacement of the lost natural teeth. Materials and Methods In this study, the chewing force was evaluated by electromyographic analysis of the temporalis and masseter muscle endings in 120 patients with old and new bimaxillary complete dentures. Results Replacement of complete dentures was shown to improve stability, retention, occlusion, and support of the prosthesis. All jaw movements were evaluated using electromyography to assess the evolution of chewing force with and without occlusal adjustment, identify premature contact points, identify occlusal interference, respect the balanced occlusal scheme, and assess the increase in muscle strength. This study found that muscle strength in patients with prosthesis without occlusal adjustment was 527.1 N but was higher for prostheses with occlusal adjustment at 614.7 N, and this strength of 614.7 N was maintained after 1 month of control. Conclusion The chewing force evolved in patients with complete dentures, and an increase was observed when occlusal adjustment was performed.
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