Ishwarya Dharmalingam, Victor Samuel, K. Ramar, Rajakumar Sekar, Anand Kasi, Sujitha Ponraj, Gayathri Jaganathan
Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of phytic acid and to compare it with the phosphoric acid etching through a systematic review. systematic search was carried out using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Indmed, Scopus, and Liliacs databases conducted upto January 2022. In vitro studies comparing phytic acid and phosphoric acid as an etchant on tooth surfaces that performed bond strength, smear layer removal, collagen degradation and monomer penetration were included. The risk of bias was assessed considering Checklist for Reporting In-vitro Studies guidelines. Five studies were chosen for full-text assessment out of 830 that were potentially eligible. The studies found that phytic acid improved bond strength, collagen degradation, smear layer removal, and monomer penetration. Every study had a moderate-to-high risk of bias. Phytic acid enhanced the etch and rinse adhesive's binding strength to dentin, effectively eradicated the smear layer, protected dentin collagen from degradation, and had better resin infiltration and minimal effect on pulpal cells.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Phytic Acid as an Etchant in Dentistry: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ishwarya Dharmalingam, Victor Samuel, K. Ramar, Rajakumar Sekar, Anand Kasi, Sujitha Ponraj, Gayathri Jaganathan","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770986","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of phytic acid and to compare it with the phosphoric acid etching through a systematic review. systematic search was carried out using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane library, Indmed, Scopus, and Liliacs databases conducted upto January 2022. In vitro studies comparing phytic acid and phosphoric acid as an etchant on tooth surfaces that performed bond strength, smear layer removal, collagen degradation and monomer penetration were included. The risk of bias was assessed considering Checklist for Reporting In-vitro Studies guidelines. Five studies were chosen for full-text assessment out of 830 that were potentially eligible. The studies found that phytic acid improved bond strength, collagen degradation, smear layer removal, and monomer penetration. Every study had a moderate-to-high risk of bias. Phytic acid enhanced the etch and rinse adhesive's binding strength to dentin, effectively eradicated the smear layer, protected dentin collagen from degradation, and had better resin infiltration and minimal effect on pulpal cells.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41705841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.5837/bjc.2023.015
Vincenzo Somma, Anthony Brennan, Francis Ha, Adam Trytell, Khoa Phan, Kegan Moneghetti
We present the angiographic findings of a case of myocardial infarction associated with COVID-19 with a heavy burden of thrombus, despite only minor obstructive coronary disease.
{"title":"Concurrent left ventricular and left anterior coronary artery thrombus: is COVID-19 an innocent bystander?","authors":"Vincenzo Somma, Anthony Brennan, Francis Ha, Adam Trytell, Khoa Phan, Kegan Moneghetti","doi":"10.5837/bjc.2023.015","DOIUrl":"10.5837/bjc.2023.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the angiographic findings of a case of myocardial infarction associated with COVID-19 with a heavy burden of thrombus, despite only minor obstructive coronary disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11189272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89530851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfio Pappalardo, Luca Fiorillo, Francesco Catalano, Gabriele Cervino
Abstract The aesthetic result in the ceramic restoration of anterior teeth has always been a challenge in clinical practice and, in these cases, success depends on the skills of both the clinician and the dental technician. In current dentistry, the main objective is to pursue aesthetic results while preserving biological structures. Among the various conservative techniques available for anterior restorations, veneers are the most advantageous, compared to traditional crown preparation, both for the amount of tooth structure preserved in the preparation phase and for the direct adhesion on the enamel in the cementation. This article presents a clinical case of no-prep porcelain veneers (no-prep technique) for smile frame restoration.
{"title":"Indirect Anterior Restorations with no-prep technique: Aesthetic and Biological Effectiveness","authors":"Alfio Pappalardo, Luca Fiorillo, Francesco Catalano, Gabriele Cervino","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1772571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1772571","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aesthetic result in the ceramic restoration of anterior teeth has always been a challenge in clinical practice and, in these cases, success depends on the skills of both the clinician and the dental technician. In current dentistry, the main objective is to pursue aesthetic results while preserving biological structures. Among the various conservative techniques available for anterior restorations, veneers are the most advantageous, compared to traditional crown preparation, both for the amount of tooth structure preserved in the preparation phase and for the direct adhesion on the enamel in the cementation. This article presents a clinical case of no-prep porcelain veneers (no-prep technique) for smile frame restoration.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135517091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mulla, Fatima Sajid Munshi, A. Patil, S. Mali, H. Saoji, H. Jaiswal
Abstract Objective Dentistry is a blend of both surgery and medicine. Cavity preparation in dentistry is a routine procedure used to remove defects or dental caries, which is irreversible and requires advanced skills. Preclinical training is done on typhodont, which are replicas of teeth that exhibit tooth morphology, as part of the dental curriculum. The aim of this study was to assess the attitude of dental professionals toward the efficacy of typhodont exercise in clinical practice. Materials and Methods This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on dental professionals to understand the efficacy of typhodont exercise in clinical practice. The questionnaire consisted of 23 close-ended questions. The responses were coded as number/score (1–10). Responses were compiled on a MS Excel Worksheet and subjected to SPSS package. Chi-squared test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyze data. Results A total of 250 responses were collected. About 72.8% participants stated that it helped them get oriented to the operating position. Regarding the preclinical exercises relevance to clinical exercise, a score of about 7 was obtained. However, the simulation of gingiva received a score of 5. Suggestions like integration of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), haptic technology along with extracted teeth as a conjunct to the typhodont exercise were received. Conclusion This study suggested that preclinical typhodont exercises help the students in preparing for the upcoming clinical postings. However, the augmentation of typhodont exercise with AR, VR, haptic technology, and use of extracted teeth can furbish the current state of preclinical curriculum for conservative dentistry.
{"title":"Attitude and Perception of Dental Students and Dentists toward Efficacy of Typhodont Exercise Practiced as a Part of Preclinical Conservative Dentistry Curriculum for Routine Clinical Practice","authors":"S. Mulla, Fatima Sajid Munshi, A. Patil, S. Mali, H. Saoji, H. Jaiswal","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768649","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Dentistry is a blend of both surgery and medicine. Cavity preparation in dentistry is a routine procedure used to remove defects or dental caries, which is irreversible and requires advanced skills. Preclinical training is done on typhodont, which are replicas of teeth that exhibit tooth morphology, as part of the dental curriculum. The aim of this study was to assess the attitude of dental professionals toward the efficacy of typhodont exercise in clinical practice. Materials and Methods This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on dental professionals to understand the efficacy of typhodont exercise in clinical practice. The questionnaire consisted of 23 close-ended questions. The responses were coded as number/score (1–10). Responses were compiled on a MS Excel Worksheet and subjected to SPSS package. Chi-squared test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to analyze data. Results A total of 250 responses were collected. About 72.8% participants stated that it helped them get oriented to the operating position. Regarding the preclinical exercises relevance to clinical exercise, a score of about 7 was obtained. However, the simulation of gingiva received a score of 5. Suggestions like integration of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), haptic technology along with extracted teeth as a conjunct to the typhodont exercise were received. Conclusion This study suggested that preclinical typhodont exercises help the students in preparing for the upcoming clinical postings. However, the augmentation of typhodont exercise with AR, VR, haptic technology, and use of extracted teeth can furbish the current state of preclinical curriculum for conservative dentistry.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"12 1","pages":"097 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49277372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives Dental students are to an increasing extent presented with new digital learning technologies, especially online delivery of class content. Edpuzzle is a web-based eLearning application that allows educators to select subject-related videos and customize them by editing, cropping, voice-over recording, and adding questions directly to the video stream. Under the teacher's guidance, students log into Edpuzzle using their iPads, take the class, and answer questions. The aim of this study was to compare an Edpuzzle class with a traditional class for undergraduate oral radiology students in order to evaluate the educational effectiveness of each teaching method. Materials and Methods The study sample comprised 20 fourth-year dental students who agreed to participate in the study. A traditional class developed a differential diagnosis topic with pre- and post-knowledge tests. A second differential diagnosis topic was developed for an Edpuzzle class, also with a pre- and post-knowledge test. After the two classes were given, a Google Forms feedback questionnaire was sent to the students to evaluate their perceptions and preferences regarding the two classes. The educational effectiveness of each class type was evaluated by comparing means and analyzing the feedback questionnaires. Statistical Analysis The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine pre- and post-knowledge for each class, and Welch's t-test was used to test for differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes. Results Students in both classes obtained significantly better scores in the posttest than they did in the pretest (p = 0.0001). However, the differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes showed no significant differences (p = 0.0975). The feedback questionnaire showed higher percentages of positive attitude toward Edpuzzle class. Conclusion As a first-time experience, the Edpuzzle class interested most of the students. Workshops for the staff are needed to become expert in these technologies and to overcome any obstacles in implementing them for undergraduate dental students.
{"title":"Evaluation and Perception of an Edpuzzle Class Compared with a Traditional Class among Oral Radiology Undergraduate Students","authors":"Ebtihal Habeeb Zain-Alabdeen","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770987","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Dental students are to an increasing extent presented with new digital learning technologies, especially online delivery of class content. Edpuzzle is a web-based eLearning application that allows educators to select subject-related videos and customize them by editing, cropping, voice-over recording, and adding questions directly to the video stream. Under the teacher's guidance, students log into Edpuzzle using their iPads, take the class, and answer questions. The aim of this study was to compare an Edpuzzle class with a traditional class for undergraduate oral radiology students in order to evaluate the educational effectiveness of each teaching method. Materials and Methods The study sample comprised 20 fourth-year dental students who agreed to participate in the study. A traditional class developed a differential diagnosis topic with pre- and post-knowledge tests. A second differential diagnosis topic was developed for an Edpuzzle class, also with a pre- and post-knowledge test. After the two classes were given, a Google Forms feedback questionnaire was sent to the students to evaluate their perceptions and preferences regarding the two classes. The educational effectiveness of each class type was evaluated by comparing means and analyzing the feedback questionnaires. Statistical Analysis The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine pre- and post-knowledge for each class, and Welch's t-test was used to test for differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes. Results Students in both classes obtained significantly better scores in the posttest than they did in the pretest (p = 0.0001). However, the differences in means of post-knowledge of both classes showed no significant differences (p = 0.0975). The feedback questionnaire showed higher percentages of positive attitude toward Edpuzzle class. Conclusion As a first-time experience, the Edpuzzle class interested most of the students. Workshops for the staff are needed to become expert in these technologies and to overcome any obstacles in implementing them for undergraduate dental students.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135516476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Najmuddin, Saja Abdullah Ahmed Alzhrani, Omnia Mohammed Ageeli, Safeena Abdul Khader Saheb, Mohanad Abdullah Ahmad Alzhrani, Samaher Hassan Kasadi Almahdi, Haifa Fathuldeen Bakmani, Razan Khudhayr, Elham Khudhayr, Masood Ahmed Nasser Depsh, Mohammed Wahajuddin
Abstract ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of oral hygiene among individuals of Jazan, Southern Saudi Arabia using a well-designed questionnaire. Materials and MethodsThis prospective study was conducted on 1,000 study subjects using a self-constructed 16-item close-ended questionnaire in English and the reply was recorded by a single investigator. Both the genders were compared in terms of awareness regarding their oral health by evaluating responses to the questions asked. Statistical AnalysisData collected was subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS 20.0 version. ResultsA total of 1000 study subjects were assessed, out of which equal distribution (50%) was seen among both the genders. Statistically a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) was observed between both the genders in relation to most of the questions, with females being more aware as compared with males regarding oral hygiene practices. ConclusionThis study revealed that although females were more aware of maintaining oral health practices than males, still lack of knowledge and awareness was observed among both the genders in Jazan region. Thus, it is essential to implement various educational and awareness programs regarding oral hygiene practices, so that oral health-related quality of life can be improved.
{"title":"Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Practice, and Awareness among Jazan Population of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mohammed Najmuddin, Saja Abdullah Ahmed Alzhrani, Omnia Mohammed Ageeli, Safeena Abdul Khader Saheb, Mohanad Abdullah Ahmad Alzhrani, Samaher Hassan Kasadi Almahdi, Haifa Fathuldeen Bakmani, Razan Khudhayr, Elham Khudhayr, Masood Ahmed Nasser Depsh, Mohammed Wahajuddin","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771532","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and awareness of oral hygiene among individuals of Jazan, Southern Saudi Arabia using a well-designed questionnaire. Materials and MethodsThis prospective study was conducted on 1,000 study subjects using a self-constructed 16-item close-ended questionnaire in English and the reply was recorded by a single investigator. Both the genders were compared in terms of awareness regarding their oral health by evaluating responses to the questions asked. Statistical AnalysisData collected was subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS 20.0 version. ResultsA total of 1000 study subjects were assessed, out of which equal distribution (50%) was seen among both the genders. Statistically a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) was observed between both the genders in relation to most of the questions, with females being more aware as compared with males regarding oral hygiene practices. ConclusionThis study revealed that although females were more aware of maintaining oral health practices than males, still lack of knowledge and awareness was observed among both the genders in Jazan region. Thus, it is essential to implement various educational and awareness programs regarding oral hygiene practices, so that oral health-related quality of life can be improved.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135516475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vishnu Teja Obulareddy, Amit Porwal, Toufiq Noor, Francesco Catalano, Giuseppe Minervini, Cesare D'Amico, Maura Mancini, Francesca Gorassini, Luca Fiorillo, Gabriele Cervino
Abstract To treat osseous defects, a range of bone grafts and their replacements have been accessible, but appropriate reconstruction by any bony defect persists as a therapeutic hurdle. Based on peer-reviewed literature, the current narrative review analyzes significant outcomes in patients treated with bone grafts and bone graft substitutes for surgical therapy of osseous defects. Despite autograft, xenograft, and alloplastic bone graft substitutes being employed in several periodontic procedures, they all have their restrictions. Autogenous tooth bone graft is functional in clinics due to different available forms, which can be availed for other clinical challenges. Moreover, genetic uniformity fosters efficient bone regeneration by allowing osteoinduction and osteoconduction and reducing foreign body reactions.
{"title":"Tooth as a Bone Graft Material: A Narrative Review","authors":"Vishnu Teja Obulareddy, Amit Porwal, Toufiq Noor, Francesco Catalano, Giuseppe Minervini, Cesare D'Amico, Maura Mancini, Francesca Gorassini, Luca Fiorillo, Gabriele Cervino","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771533","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To treat osseous defects, a range of bone grafts and their replacements have been accessible, but appropriate reconstruction by any bony defect persists as a therapeutic hurdle. Based on peer-reviewed literature, the current narrative review analyzes significant outcomes in patients treated with bone grafts and bone graft substitutes for surgical therapy of osseous defects. Despite autograft, xenograft, and alloplastic bone graft substitutes being employed in several periodontic procedures, they all have their restrictions. Autogenous tooth bone graft is functional in clinics due to different available forms, which can be availed for other clinical challenges. Moreover, genetic uniformity fosters efficient bone regeneration by allowing osteoinduction and osteoconduction and reducing foreign body reactions.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135563858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract When meat and dairy products are no longer consumed, the practice of veganism, which forgoes the use of animal products, substantially impacts diet. The prevention and treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, neurodegeneration, hypertension, and vascular diseases are usually aided by vegan diets. Vegan diets are associated with improved cardiovascular health and better nutrition quality than omnivorous diets. Vegans and vegetarians have a lower risk of periodontal disease but may be more prone to tooth erosion and dental caries due to deficiencies in vitamin B12 and lower saliva pH. A vegetarian or vegan diet may increase the risk of developing tooth erosion, but an omnivorous diet may increase the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries. Further clinical research must be performed to produce more statistically significant results and to support future studies that contrast omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their effects on dental health status.
{"title":"Veganism and Oral Health—An Overview through the Perspective","authors":"Visha Shailesh Pandya, Luca Fiorillo, Sneha Kalpe, Vini Mehta, Aida Meto, Agostino Di Certo, Diana Russo, Francesca Gorassini, Maura Mancini, Alessandra Mancini, Cesare D'Amico","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771381","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When meat and dairy products are no longer consumed, the practice of veganism, which forgoes the use of animal products, substantially impacts diet. The prevention and treatment of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, neurodegeneration, hypertension, and vascular diseases are usually aided by vegan diets. Vegan diets are associated with improved cardiovascular health and better nutrition quality than omnivorous diets. Vegans and vegetarians have a lower risk of periodontal disease but may be more prone to tooth erosion and dental caries due to deficiencies in vitamin B12 and lower saliva pH. A vegetarian or vegan diet may increase the risk of developing tooth erosion, but an omnivorous diet may increase the risk of periodontal disease and dental caries. Further clinical research must be performed to produce more statistically significant results and to support future studies that contrast omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their effects on dental health status.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135563857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objectives The objective of this retrospective research was to investigate the prevalence and the association between dental anomalies and malocclusion in a subset of Kosovo's population. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study was conducted by recruiting 557 patients; 215 (38.6%) were males and 342 (61.4%) were females. The age range was from 7 to 44 years. The exclusion criteria were employed for the sample size, and 307 of 864 patients were excluded from the study. Malocclusion groups were divided through Angle's classification, and dental anomalies were defined according to the literature. Pretreatment panoramic radiographs, medical and dental history, study casts, and photographs were included to categorize malocclusion and identify dental anomalies (i.e., hypodontia, ectopic eruption, impaction, and diastema). The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS software version 16.0. The chi-squared test was utilized to calculate the frequency and percentages of malocclusion and dental anomalies. A p -value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Five hundred and fifty-seven patient records from 2015 to 2020 were included. An increased prevalence of ectopic eruption (24.8%) was found in this study, whereas the least common was hypodontia (7.0%). The most common malocclusion was class I (46.9%). Vertical plane malocclusion demonstrated that 31.4% had a deep bite and 9.5% had an open bite. Most dental anomalies were significantly associated with class I malocclusion and least associated with class III malocclusion. Transverse malocclusion exhibited that 14% had anterior crossbite and 10.8% had posterior crossbite. Posterior crossbite was significantly less in the class III malocclusion group ( p = 0.019). Conclusion The prevalence of the selected dental anomalies was overall high in our study; 557 of 864 patients faced dental anomalies. An association was seen between malocclusion and dental anomalies in the Kosovan population, especially with class I malocclusion. Deep bite was prominent in the vertical plane malocclusion, whereas anterior crossbite was the most common finding in the transverse plane. Anterior crowding was prevalent in the maxilla and posterior crowding in the mandible.
{"title":"Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Various Categories of Malocclusion among Orthodontic Patients in the Kosovo Region: A Retrospective Study","authors":"M. Selmani, M. S. Bukleta","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1768650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1768650","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives The objective of this retrospective research was to investigate the prevalence and the association between dental anomalies and malocclusion in a subset of Kosovo's population. Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study was conducted by recruiting 557 patients; 215 (38.6%) were males and 342 (61.4%) were females. The age range was from 7 to 44 years. The exclusion criteria were employed for the sample size, and 307 of 864 patients were excluded from the study. Malocclusion groups were divided through Angle's classification, and dental anomalies were defined according to the literature. Pretreatment panoramic radiographs, medical and dental history, study casts, and photographs were included to categorize malocclusion and identify dental anomalies (i.e., hypodontia, ectopic eruption, impaction, and diastema). The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS software version 16.0. The chi-squared test was utilized to calculate the frequency and percentages of malocclusion and dental anomalies. A p -value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Five hundred and fifty-seven patient records from 2015 to 2020 were included. An increased prevalence of ectopic eruption (24.8%) was found in this study, whereas the least common was hypodontia (7.0%). The most common malocclusion was class I (46.9%). Vertical plane malocclusion demonstrated that 31.4% had a deep bite and 9.5% had an open bite. Most dental anomalies were significantly associated with class I malocclusion and least associated with class III malocclusion. Transverse malocclusion exhibited that 14% had anterior crossbite and 10.8% had posterior crossbite. Posterior crossbite was significantly less in the class III malocclusion group ( p = 0.019). Conclusion The prevalence of the selected dental anomalies was overall high in our study; 557 of 864 patients faced dental anomalies. An association was seen between malocclusion and dental anomalies in the Kosovan population, especially with class I malocclusion. Deep bite was prominent in the vertical plane malocclusion, whereas anterior crossbite was the most common finding in the transverse plane. Anterior crowding was prevalent in the maxilla and posterior crowding in the mandible.","PeriodicalId":37771,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of General Dentistry","volume":"12 1","pages":"103 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45077325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haafsa Arshad Sahibzada, Kanwal Sohail, K. Siddiqi, Z. Khurshid, Hina Mahmood, Sana Riaz
Abstract Objective It is estimated that the mortality rate from tobacco-related diseases will reach 10 million worldwide by 2030. It is validated that every three out of four oral cancers are caused by the use of tobacco in various forms especially smoking. Early detection is the only way to reduce this burden. Molecular-level analysis has currently become a valuable tool in the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. Around 1000 different salivary protein biomarkers are being investigated in saliva for this purpose. Some of these markers are being investigated to evaluate the proportionality of cigarette smoking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of salivary biomarker interleukin-8 (IL-8) among smokers and nonsmokers as a control group. Materials and Methods This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted in Islamabad Dental Hospital, Bhara Kahu. A total of 60 patients were recruited and divided into two equal groups of smokers and nonsmokers. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Statistical Analysis The results were then analyzed by SPSS v25 using an independent sample t -test to evaluate the statistical difference and significance. Results A p -value (<0.001) was found to be significant for the IL-8 levels in smokers when compared with nonsmokers. The mean value for smokers was found to be 122.69 pg/mL and the mean for nonsmokers was evaluated to be 20.68 pg/mL. Conclusion As the levels of IL-8 were high, it was concluded to be an effective biomarker for the evaluation of smoking-based initial inflammatory changes detectable from saliva.
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