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Akt założycielski polskiego strukturalizmu immanentnego: Juliusza Kleinera Treść i forma w poezji
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.35.5
K. Obremski
In Polish literary studies methodology, Kleiner’s status as entirely marginal, if not anachronistic, can be justified only on one condition, namely if we overlook the study Content and form in poetry (“Przegląd Warszawski” 1922, r. 2, vol. 2, pp. 323–333), for it can be read as the rejected cornerstone of Polish immanent structuralism. Due to the ambiguity of the term “structuralism”, it is necessary to define its meaning here: it will be determined by the historical context, i.e. the Course in General Linguistics (first edition: 1916). Adopting Janusz Sławiński’s terminology, we may add that it is a rejected cornerstone of immanent (“unconscious”) structuralism not a formulated one.
在波兰文学研究方法论中,克莱纳的地位完全处于边缘,如果不是不合时宜的话,只有在一个条件下才能证明是正确的,即如果我们忽略了诗歌的研究内容和形式(“Przegląd Warszawski”1922,r. 2, vol. 2, pp. 323-333),因为它可以被解读为波兰内在结构主义被拒绝的基石。由于“结构主义”一词的模糊性,有必要在这里定义它的含义:它将由历史背景决定,即普通语言学课程(第一版:1916)。采用Janusz Sławiński的术语,我们可以补充说,它是内在(“无意识”)结构主义的一个被拒绝的基石,而不是一个制定的基石。
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引用次数: 0
Dramat, dramaturgia, dramatologia – retroperspektywy 戏剧、戏剧、戏剧——回顾
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.1
Dariusz Kosiński
The article is an attempt to reconsider, reinterpret and, at the same time, summarize the concepts of dramaturgy and dramatology as they were developed by the author mainly in his research realized within the framework of the Chair of Drama and then the Chair of Performance Studies at the Jagiellonian University. Despite the fact that efforts to establish a broad understanding of drama and dramaturgy that is not restricted to art but is used to analyse and interpret performative aspects of social life were not fully successful, the main goal of the article is to support this idea by claiming the need for a ‘return to dramatology’.  
本文试图重新思考、重新解释并总结戏剧学和戏剧学的概念,因为这些概念是作者主要在贾吉隆大学戏剧学主席和表演研究主席的框架内进行的研究中发展起来的。尽管建立对戏剧和戏剧学的广泛理解的努力并没有完全成功,而这种理解并不局限于艺术,而是用于分析和解释社会生活的表演方面,但文章的主要目标是通过声称“回归戏剧学”的必要性来支持这一观点。
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引用次数: 0
Cultivating the Art of Dying: Margaret Edson’s W;t Between Page and Screen [Kultywując sztukę umierania. W;t Margaret Edson – pomiędzy dramatem a filmem] 培养死亡的艺术:玛格丽特·埃德森的W;t介于页面和屏幕之间
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.11
G. Ziółkowski
As death returned to make its mark on the world with the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, resurfaced in the social imaginary, we have found ourselves once again full-throatedly asking questions about what it means to die well. These issues lie at the heart of W;t, an American play penned in the early 1990s by Margaret Edson, which could be situated alongside other fictional and true stories that “provide social scripts for dying” (Knox). The play might also be viewed as a modern reference to the medieval tradition of ars bene moriendi and the morality plays linked with that tradition in a symbiotic, synergistic manner. The essay attempts to demonstrate that the meaning underlying Edson’s play (and its television adaptation of 2001) derives primarily from its grappling with the subject of human’s agency in the face of the inevitable. In its close reading of the play, the essay moves between the text, first published in print in 1999, and the screen, to best tap into the interpretive potential of comparing the drama and its film adaptation.
随着2019冠状病毒病大流行,死亡再次在世界上留下印记,并因此重新出现在社会想象中,我们发现自己再次全力以赴地问自己,死得好意味着什么。这些问题是玛格丽特·埃德森(Margaret Edson)在20世纪90年代初创作的一部美国戏剧《W;t》的核心,它可以与其他“为死亡提供社会脚本”的虚构和真实故事并列(诺克斯)。这出戏也可以被看作是对中世纪传统的现代借鉴,这一传统与道德剧以一种共生,协同的方式联系在一起。本文试图证明,埃德森的剧本(以及2001年改编的电视剧)背后的意义主要来自于它在面对不可避免的情况时对人类能动性这一主题的探讨。在对这部戏剧的细读中,这篇文章游走于1999年首次出版的文本和银幕之间,以最好地挖掘戏剧和电影改编的比较的解释潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Szorstki i chropowaty dotyk – o dramaturgii zmysłów
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.14
M. Błaszczak
Today, the concept of dramaturgy refers primarily to the space of theater or, more broadly, to performative arts. But as the concept of drama has passed into the scientific discourse of sociology, anthropology or literary studies, so is it with dramaturgy. The understanding that appears here refers to its meaning as a special tension on the level of sensually experienced and perceived artistic events. The subject of interest here is the dramatic aesthetics of experience in the field of performing and visual arts. The aesthetic categories related to the senses are often of a physical origin and amorphous in nature. The roughness and harshness of the title in their origin are physical categories that can be experienced primarily through the sense of touch. In this intertwining of senses, we are talking about their dramaturgy, because they cannot usually be separated from each other and various works appeal to touch and other senses at the same time. The process of creating a work and its reception is an action, process, meeting, the playwright of which is both the creator / creator and the recipient. The considerations concern changes in the perception of the senses, from the glorification of the sense of sight to the ennoblement of the “lower” senses, the place and function of the classical and interactive museum and haptic art, as well as the polysensory and immersive reception designed in performance and theater.
今天,戏剧学的概念主要指戏剧空间,或者更广泛地说,指表演艺术。但是,随着戏剧概念进入社会学、人类学或文学研究的科学话语,戏剧也进入了科学话语。这里出现的理解是指它的意义是在感官体验和感知艺术事件的层面上的一种特殊张力。这里感兴趣的主题是表演和视觉艺术领域的戏剧美学经验。与感官相关的美学范畴往往具有物理根源,本质上是无定形的。标题的粗糙和粗糙在其起源上是主要通过触觉来体验的物理类别。在这种感官的交织中,我们谈论的是它们的戏剧性,因为它们通常不能相互分离,各种作品同时吸引触觉和其他感官。创作作品和接受作品的过程是一种行动、过程、会面,剧作家既是创作者/创作者,也是接受者。考虑到感官感知的变化,从视觉的美化到“低级”感官的提升,古典互动博物馆和触觉艺术的位置和功能,以及表演和戏剧中设计的多感官和沉浸式接待。
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引用次数: 0
Sataniczność kreacji bohatera w Arabie Juliusza Słowackiego 朱利乌斯·斯瓦茨基在阿拉伯创作英雄的撒旦主义
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.35.10
M. Nowak
This article attempts to read Juliusz Słowacki’s Arab from the comparative perspective of John Milton’s Paradise Lost. The protagonist of Słowacki’s oriental tale, who is a variation on the Byronic hero, also shows similarities with Milton’s Satan: unceasing motion, obsession of revenge, loneliness, axiological preference of evil. The analysis of those similarities creates a new interpretative context for Arab, which was hitherto regarded as a superficial study of the pathological psyche or a caricature of the Byronic model.
本文试图从弥尔顿《失乐园》的比较视角来解读尤利乌斯Słowacki的《阿拉伯人》。Słowacki东方故事的主人公,是拜伦英雄的变体,也表现出与弥尔顿撒旦的相似之处:永不停息的运动,对复仇的痴迷,孤独,对邪恶的价值偏好。对这些相似性的分析为阿拉伯创造了一种新的解释背景,迄今为止,这被认为是对病理心理的肤浅研究或对拜伦模式的讽刺。
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引用次数: 0
Poetyka kognitywna dwie dekady później. Rozważania wokół drugiego wydania Cognitive Poetics Petera Stockwella (2020) 二十年后的认知诗歌。对彼得·斯托克韦尔《认知诗学》第二版(2020)的思考
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.35.16
Anna Kędra-Kardela, Andrzej Sławomir Kowalczyk
The article discusses cognitive poetics as an important theoretical framework in contemporary literary studies, in the context of the publication of the second, revised edition of Peter Stockwell’s Cognitive Poetics: An Introduction (2020). First, the authors discuss critical comments put forward by scholars with respect to Stockwell’s earlier studies in cognitive poetics, and next, from a literary-studies perspective they carry out an overall assessment of the revisions and modifications introduced in the book’s current edition. Irrespective of some critical remarks, there is no doubt that thanks to the changes, the inspirational value of Stockwell’s book has been enhanced.
本文以彼得·斯托克韦尔的《认知诗学导论》(2020)第二修订版的出版为背景,探讨认知诗学作为当代文学研究的一个重要理论框架。首先,作者讨论了学者们对斯托克韦尔早期认知诗学研究提出的批评意见,其次,从文学研究的角度,他们对该书当前版本的修订和修改进行了全面评估。撇开一些批评意见不谈,毫无疑问,由于这些变化,斯托克韦尔这本书的励志价值得到了提升。
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引用次数: 0
Dramat. Twórczość. Transgresja. Przestrzenie intersubiektywnych doświadczeń w mistrzowskim dyskursie
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.16
H. Wróblewska
The article is a response to the proposal to create a space for discourse on the dramatic dimensions of contemporary humanities. Dramaturgy, creativity and transgression are notions in the master discourse of three women Nobel Prize winners. The basis for the text is the issues contained in the speeches given by these Nobel Prize-winning authors. The intersubjective discourse around humanistic concerns about the changes in the present regards the limits of creation, the process of creative transgressions in designing the world and the potential in the space of sense-creating experiences. It shows a vision of a human who “thinks through creativity, sees the world differently”. Transgressive activity allows us to transform reality, and going beyond the boundaries is like successive acts of creating, or at least the creation of the world.
这篇文章是对为当代人文戏剧维度创造话语空间的建议的回应。戏剧、创造力和越界是三位诺贝尔奖女性得主的主要话语中的概念。本文的基础是这些诺贝尔奖获奖作者的演讲中所包含的问题。围绕人文主义对当下变化的关注,主体间话语涉及创造的局限性、设计世界的创造性越界过程以及空间中感官创造体验的潜力。它展示了一个“通过创造力思考,以不同的方式看待世界”的人的愿景。越界的活动使我们能够改变现实,而超越边界就像连续的创造行为,或者至少是创造世界。
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引用次数: 1
Olena Haleta, Joanna the Wife of Chuza by Lesya Ukrainka as a New Model of Communication in Modern Ukrainian Literature [Joanna, żona Chuzy Lesi Ukrainki jako nowy model komunikacji w modernistycznej literaturze ukraińskiej]re 乌克兰卡的《楚扎的妻子乔安娜》是乌克兰现代文学中一种新的传播模式
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.17
Olena Haleta
This article examines the drama Joanna the Wife of Chuza (1909) by Lesya Ukrainka, who is one of the defining figures in the history of modern Ukrainian literature. This work is considered an example  of creating a new communicative model, introducing the poetics of an open work in the Ukrainian literature and establishing a new relationship between writer and audience. The incompleteness of the central image of this work, and therefore of the corresponding behavioral model and worldview, leads to the absence of a plot ending which would be the final solution to the conflict. In this way, Ukrainka establishes a new reading practice, not limited to experiencing the ‘life world’ of the author’s work. As reference to the history of thetext shows, it corresponds to the author’s conscious instruction, with which the composition of the work agrees: the events take place in a special period of time, when the previous story has already ended and the new one has not yet begun (after the crucifixion of Christ, but not after the resurrection). At the same time, the spatial organization of the work emphasizes the position of readers, turning them from interested witnesses to active searchers. The example of Joanna is all the more telling because it undermines the hegemony of the novel in twentieth-century literature and draws attention to literary forms that correspond to a particular literary situation, especially that of ‘submerged population groups’ (Frank O’Connor). The change introduced by Lesya Ukrainka at the level of a separate work is also a change within the genre as a way of communicating between an author and a reader; it is also a change in the very notion of literature as a certain type of aesthetic experience and as a culturally established way of cognitive and rhetorical response to a certain type of situation.
本文考察了乌克兰现代文学史上具有划时代意义的人物之一、列西亚·乌克兰卡的戏剧《楚扎的妻子乔安娜》(1909)。这部作品被认为是创造一种新的交流模式,在乌克兰文学中引入开放作品的诗学,并在作家和观众之间建立新关系的一个例子。这部作品的中心形象,以及相应的行为模式和世界观的不完整性,导致了没有一个情节结局,这将是冲突的最终解决方案。通过这种方式,乌克兰卡建立了一种新的阅读实践,而不仅仅局限于体验作者作品的“生活世界”。正如对文本历史的引用所表明的那样,它符合作者的有意识的指示,作品的构成也与之一致:事件发生在一个特殊的时期,当时前一个故事已经结束,新的故事还没有开始(在基督被钉十字架之后,但不是在复活之后)。同时,作品的空间组织强调读者的地位,使他们从感兴趣的见证者变成积极的探索者。乔安娜的例子更能说明问题,因为它破坏了小说在20世纪文学中的霸权,并引起了人们对与特定文学状况相对应的文学形式的关注,尤其是“被淹没的人口群体”的文学形式(弗兰克·奥康纳)。Lesya Ukrainka在单独作品层面上引入的变化也是作为作者和读者之间交流方式的类型内部的变化;这也是文学作为一种特定类型的审美体验,以及作为一种文化上既定的对特定类型的情境的认知和修辞反应方式的概念的改变。
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引用次数: 0
Eksperyment somatyczno-dramaturgiczny. Haptyczna wizualność i deziluzyjna dramaturgia w filmie Czarny Łabędź Darrena Aronofsky’ego 躯体戏剧实验。阿罗诺夫斯基《黑天鹅》中的触觉视觉与朦胧戏剧
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.36.13
Adrianna Woroch
Based on the example of Darren Aronofsky’s film Black Swan, the article explores the disillusive potential of interfering with the classic model of film dramaturgy. Referring to the traditional paradigm developed by Syd Field, the author indicates deviations from the conventional narrative that occur in Aronofsky’s film. The text seeks to confirm the thesis that contemporary cinematography exemplifies the trend of abandoning the attempts to create a seemingly referential world. By questioning the fundamental structure of the film’s dramaturgy, Black Swan provides additional interpretive possibilities. However, displaying the constituent elements of a work, for example, by transaccentuating their meaning or changing their place or length of occurrence, is not the most obvious disillusionment strategy. It may in fact remain hidden until the moment of careful analysis.
本文以达伦·阿罗诺夫斯基的电影《黑天鹅》为例,探讨了干预电影戏剧经典模式的幻灭潜力。参考西德·菲尔德的传统范式,作者指出了阿罗诺夫斯基电影中出现的对传统叙事的偏离。本文试图证实这一论点,即当代电影摄影体现了放弃尝试创造一个看似参考的世界的趋势。通过质疑电影戏剧的基本结构,《黑天鹅》提供了额外的解释可能性。然而,展示作品的组成元素,例如通过强调它们的意义或改变它们出现的位置或长度,并不是最明显的幻灭策略。事实上,它可能一直隐藏着,直到仔细分析的那一刻。
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引用次数: 0
Odwrócony „świat na opak”. O Masce Śmierci Szkarłatnej Edgara Allana Poe w kontekście teorii karnawału
Q4 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.14746/pt.2021.35.11
Elżbieta Górka, Mieszko Wandowicz
This paper considers The Masque of the Red Death, a short story by E.A. Poe. Understanding the carnival as mundus inversus (temporary inversion of order) and using the theories proposed by M. Bakhtin or V. Turner, the authors present an interpretation according to which Poe’s ball is indeed an inversion of a ball – an anti-carnival. Furthermore, they do not agree with the allegorical understanding of Poe’s works. Indicating a suggestion made by Poe himself, they choose an interpretation related to Eliade’s concept of symbolism. They also disagree with the theory in which The Masque of the Red Death is the story about the non-existence of God. Referring to other religious interpretations and the problems of time, they present their own biblical conclusion.
本文以爱伦·a·坡的短篇小说《红色死亡的面具》为研究对象。作者将狂欢节理解为秩序的暂时倒置,并利用巴赫金或特纳提出的理论,提出了一种解释,即坡的球确实是球的倒置——一种反狂欢节。此外,他们也不同意爱伦·坡作品的寓言理解。他们选择了一种与埃利亚德象征主义概念相关的解释,这表明了坡本人的建议。他们也不同意《红色死亡的面具》是关于上帝不存在的故事的理论。参考其他宗教解释和时间问题,他们提出了自己的圣经结论。
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引用次数: 0
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Przestrzenie Teorii
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