Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632337
Weili Yan, Xin Lou, David K. Y. Yau, Y. Yang, Muhammad Ramadan Bin Mohamad Saifuddin, Jiyan Wu, M. Winslett
We use discrete-time adaptive control theory to design a novel false data injection (FDI) attack against automatic generation control (AGC), a critical system that maintains a power grid at its requisite frequency. FDI attacks can cause equipment damage or blackouts by falsifying measurements in the streaming sensor data used to monitor the grid's operation. Compared to prior work, the proposed attack (i) requires less knowledge on the part of the attacker, such as correctly forecasting the future demand for power; (ii) is stealthier in its ability to bypass standard methods for detecting bad sensor data and to keep the false sensor readings near historical norms until the attack is well underway; and (iii) can sustain the frequency excursion as long as needed to cause real-world damage, in spite of AGC countermeasures. We validate the performance of the proposed attack on realistic 37-bus and 118-bus setups in PowerWorld, an industry-strength power system simulator trusted by real-world operators. The results demonstrate the attack's improved stealthiness and effectiveness compared to prior work.
{"title":"A Stealthier False Data Injection Attack against the Power Grid","authors":"Weili Yan, Xin Lou, David K. Y. Yau, Y. Yang, Muhammad Ramadan Bin Mohamad Saifuddin, Jiyan Wu, M. Winslett","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632337","url":null,"abstract":"We use discrete-time adaptive control theory to design a novel false data injection (FDI) attack against automatic generation control (AGC), a critical system that maintains a power grid at its requisite frequency. FDI attacks can cause equipment damage or blackouts by falsifying measurements in the streaming sensor data used to monitor the grid's operation. Compared to prior work, the proposed attack (i) requires less knowledge on the part of the attacker, such as correctly forecasting the future demand for power; (ii) is stealthier in its ability to bypass standard methods for detecting bad sensor data and to keep the false sensor readings near historical norms until the attack is well underway; and (iii) can sustain the frequency excursion as long as needed to cause real-world damage, in spite of AGC countermeasures. We validate the performance of the proposed attack on realistic 37-bus and 118-bus setups in PowerWorld, an industry-strength power system simulator trusted by real-world operators. The results demonstrate the attack's improved stealthiness and effectiveness compared to prior work.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"726 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122999308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632001
J. Leithon, Stefan Werner, V. Koivunen
We propose a strategy to optimize energy utilization through battery management in a cooperative environment where households share access to a community-owned energy farm. The households are equipped with lossy rechargeable batteries, which exhibit a non-linear discharging behavior. To devise our strategy, we first design the battery discharging operation in each household, and then we optimize the energy allocation policy among participating users. Our proposed strategy seeks to minimize the collective energy expenditure, and accounts for time- and location-dependent electricity prices. Both the battery discharging operation and the energy allocation policy are designed by solving constrained optimization problems. Specifically, calculus of variations and optimal control theory are used to provide explicit solutions and determine closed-form performance estimates. Extensive simulations are presented to validate our analysis and evaluate the impact of different system parameters.
{"title":"Optimization Strategy for Energy Allocation through Cooperative Storage Management","authors":"J. Leithon, Stefan Werner, V. Koivunen","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632001","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a strategy to optimize energy utilization through battery management in a cooperative environment where households share access to a community-owned energy farm. The households are equipped with lossy rechargeable batteries, which exhibit a non-linear discharging behavior. To devise our strategy, we first design the battery discharging operation in each household, and then we optimize the energy allocation policy among participating users. Our proposed strategy seeks to minimize the collective energy expenditure, and accounts for time- and location-dependent electricity prices. Both the battery discharging operation and the energy allocation policy are designed by solving constrained optimization problems. Specifically, calculus of variations and optimal control theory are used to provide explicit solutions and determine closed-form performance estimates. Extensive simulations are presented to validate our analysis and evaluate the impact of different system parameters.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129949435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632325
A. Acosta, E. Perez, J. Espinosa, A. Monti
In recent years, co-simulation has gained importance for simulating multidisciplinary systems with increasing levels of complexity. These systems comprise the interaction of physical and technological systems, also known as Cyber-Physical systems. Furthermore, many of them include highly automated control systems and different modeling and simulation techniques, as well as different time dynamics. Co-simulation consists of coupling available simulators and exchanging their coupling outputs, using a communications interval known as macro-step size, which contrasts with the micro-step size used by the solver of each individual simulator. Coupling techniques and the macro-step size selection determine an important trade off between accuracy and performance. Although these tradeoffs have been analyzed in unforced systems, an approach for systems with forcing functions is still missing. This is particularly important for the incorporation of control systems into existing co-simulation scenarios. This article presents an initial step in this direction. We propose a framework for incorporating control systems and external inputs, and illustrate this approach in a two area power system with an Automatic Generation Control (AGC). Simulation results show the effect of the control system on the dynamics of the co-simulation and on its resulting accuracy, considering fixed macro-step sizes.
{"title":"Analyzing Extrapolation-based Co-simulation Methods with Control Systems: A Linearized Two-Area Power System with Automatic Generation Control","authors":"A. Acosta, E. Perez, J. Espinosa, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632325","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, co-simulation has gained importance for simulating multidisciplinary systems with increasing levels of complexity. These systems comprise the interaction of physical and technological systems, also known as Cyber-Physical systems. Furthermore, many of them include highly automated control systems and different modeling and simulation techniques, as well as different time dynamics. Co-simulation consists of coupling available simulators and exchanging their coupling outputs, using a communications interval known as macro-step size, which contrasts with the micro-step size used by the solver of each individual simulator. Coupling techniques and the macro-step size selection determine an important trade off between accuracy and performance. Although these tradeoffs have been analyzed in unforced systems, an approach for systems with forcing functions is still missing. This is particularly important for the incorporation of control systems into existing co-simulation scenarios. This article presents an initial step in this direction. We propose a framework for incorporating control systems and external inputs, and illustrate this approach in a two area power system with an Automatic Generation Control (AGC). Simulation results show the effect of the control system on the dynamics of the co-simulation and on its resulting accuracy, considering fixed macro-step sizes.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124519212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632333
R. Muka, M. Garau, Besmir Tola, P. Heegaard
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is fundamental to guarantee efficient monitoring, control and protection of smart distribution grids by interconnected Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The impact of failures in the IEDs communication service, and the dependency between the communication network and the power grid, need to be understood and taken into account when determining the optimal placement of IEDs. In this paper, the main objective is to investigate how loss of the communication service that connects the IEDs to Distribution Management System (DMS), will affect the placement of IEDs for smart grid monitoring and control. It is assessed the impact of 5G communication service failure on the IEDs placement with the objective to minimize the interruption costs (Cost of Energy Not Supplied), and the yearly expenses of the IEDs installed. The method is tested on the IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system, with a 5G communication network, covering both rural and urban areas. The results suggest a need for more IEDs per bus in the rural area because the power lines are longer, and the failure rates are higher than in the urban area. Furthermore, when introducing sub-regions that have higher power line failure rates and less reliable communication service, we observe that more IEDs are suggested to be placed in these regions. This demonstrates that methods for IEDs placement should take into consideration the ICT communication service failures, especially in sub-regions with higher power line failure rates and/or unstable ICT communication service that comes as result of failures in the power grid.
{"title":"Effect of 5G communication service failure on placement of Intelligent Electronic Devices in Smart Distribution Grids","authors":"R. Muka, M. Garau, Besmir Tola, P. Heegaard","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632333","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is fundamental to guarantee efficient monitoring, control and protection of smart distribution grids by interconnected Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The impact of failures in the IEDs communication service, and the dependency between the communication network and the power grid, need to be understood and taken into account when determining the optimal placement of IEDs. In this paper, the main objective is to investigate how loss of the communication service that connects the IEDs to Distribution Management System (DMS), will affect the placement of IEDs for smart grid monitoring and control. It is assessed the impact of 5G communication service failure on the IEDs placement with the objective to minimize the interruption costs (Cost of Energy Not Supplied), and the yearly expenses of the IEDs installed. The method is tested on the IEEE 33-bus radial distribution system, with a 5G communication network, covering both rural and urban areas. The results suggest a need for more IEDs per bus in the rural area because the power lines are longer, and the failure rates are higher than in the urban area. Furthermore, when introducing sub-regions that have higher power line failure rates and less reliable communication service, we observe that more IEDs are suggested to be placed in these regions. This demonstrates that methods for IEDs placement should take into consideration the ICT communication service failures, especially in sub-regions with higher power line failure rates and/or unstable ICT communication service that comes as result of failures in the power grid.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127026208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632291
Marcell Fehér, D. Lucani, Morten Tranberg Hansen, Flemming Enevold Vester
Smart electricity meters are widely deployed report power consumption automatically and frequently. However, the current compression methods have been suspected to leak information about the times when consumers are active, by mirroring spikes of power consumption in the compressed message size. In this paper we show that, compressed message sizes are indeed highly correlated with the underlying power use. We present a clustering-based method that allows a passive adversary monitoring encrypted network traffic to build and exploit power consumption profiles of homes. We evaluate the vulnerability of legacy compressors of the DLMS/COSEM standard as well as a recently proposed algorithm. Our results show that the novel algorithm not only provides higher compression potential, but results in the least information leakage. We evaluate our results on an real, anonymized dataset spanning 9 months and 95 households.
{"title":"Exploiting DLMS/COSEM Data Compression To Learn Power Consumption Patterns","authors":"Marcell Fehér, D. Lucani, Morten Tranberg Hansen, Flemming Enevold Vester","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632291","url":null,"abstract":"Smart electricity meters are widely deployed report power consumption automatically and frequently. However, the current compression methods have been suspected to leak information about the times when consumers are active, by mirroring spikes of power consumption in the compressed message size. In this paper we show that, compressed message sizes are indeed highly correlated with the underlying power use. We present a clustering-based method that allows a passive adversary monitoring encrypted network traffic to build and exploit power consumption profiles of homes. We evaluate the vulnerability of legacy compressors of the DLMS/COSEM standard as well as a recently proposed algorithm. Our results show that the novel algorithm not only provides higher compression potential, but results in the least information leakage. We evaluate our results on an real, anonymized dataset spanning 9 months and 95 households.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130929962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632334
M. Marković, A. Florita, B. Hodge
This paper considers the problem of recovering missing entries in a partially observed matrix from relatively few measurements (i.e., the so-called matrix completion problem) with the aim of increasing the presently limited observability of low-voltage distribution grids. To this end, the partially observed matrix is formed using scarce voltage magnitude measurements while accounting for their spatial information. Voltage readings are assumed to be collected from distribution utility sensors and/or geographically-distributed cable television network sensors located in immediate proximity to distribution grid nodes. A matrix completion approach built on the parameter-less singular value shrinkage technique is used to estimate voltage magnitudes at otherwise non-observable low-voltage nodes using a small number of single- or multiple-snapshot data. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using a U.S.-style distribution test system from the synthetic SMART- DS data set under very low- to moderate-observability conditions.
{"title":"Matrix Completion for Improved Observability in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids","authors":"M. Marković, A. Florita, B. Hodge","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632334","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the problem of recovering missing entries in a partially observed matrix from relatively few measurements (i.e., the so-called matrix completion problem) with the aim of increasing the presently limited observability of low-voltage distribution grids. To this end, the partially observed matrix is formed using scarce voltage magnitude measurements while accounting for their spatial information. Voltage readings are assumed to be collected from distribution utility sensors and/or geographically-distributed cable television network sensors located in immediate proximity to distribution grid nodes. A matrix completion approach built on the parameter-less singular value shrinkage technique is used to estimate voltage magnitudes at otherwise non-observable low-voltage nodes using a small number of single- or multiple-snapshot data. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using a U.S.-style distribution test system from the synthetic SMART- DS data set under very low- to moderate-observability conditions.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115470907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632304
Heng Chuan Tan, V. Mohanraj, Binbin Chen, D. Mashima, Shing Kham Shing Nan, Aobo Yang
Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol is widely used in IEC 61850-based substations to improve process automation. However, it could be vulnerable to various cyber threats. A common defense solution is to deploy intrusion detection systems (IDSes) to analyze network traffic for anomalies. However, several challenges remain for designing a protocol parser for IDS to dissect MMS packets, such as the need to support many MMS services and the complex data structure. Moreover, processing every MMS packet may overwhelm the IDS to impact the throughput and latency. In this work, we develop an MMS parser for the open-source Zeek IDS to analyze MMS traffic and detect intrusions. We explain the challenges of parsing MMS packets and detail our design choices. To reduce the processing load, we implement filtering rules in our parser to customize which MMS packets are used by Zeek rules for intrusion analysis. We formulated test cases to validate our parser's correctness and conducted experiments to evaluate its throughput and latency. Our results show that custom filtering of MMS packets can achieve higher throughput and lower delay compared to no filtering. We provide a case study to demonstrate how the parsed data can be used for designing IDS rules.
{"title":"An IEC 61850 MMS Traffic Parser for Customizable and Efficient Intrusion Detection","authors":"Heng Chuan Tan, V. Mohanraj, Binbin Chen, D. Mashima, Shing Kham Shing Nan, Aobo Yang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632304","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) protocol is widely used in IEC 61850-based substations to improve process automation. However, it could be vulnerable to various cyber threats. A common defense solution is to deploy intrusion detection systems (IDSes) to analyze network traffic for anomalies. However, several challenges remain for designing a protocol parser for IDS to dissect MMS packets, such as the need to support many MMS services and the complex data structure. Moreover, processing every MMS packet may overwhelm the IDS to impact the throughput and latency. In this work, we develop an MMS parser for the open-source Zeek IDS to analyze MMS traffic and detect intrusions. We explain the challenges of parsing MMS packets and detail our design choices. To reduce the processing load, we implement filtering rules in our parser to customize which MMS packets are used by Zeek rules for intrusion analysis. We formulated test cases to validate our parser's correctness and conducted experiments to evaluate its throughput and latency. Our results show that custom filtering of MMS packets can achieve higher throughput and lower delay compared to no filtering. We provide a case study to demonstrate how the parsed data can be used for designing IDS rules.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123555126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/smartgridcomm51999.2021.9632287
{"title":"[Copyright notice]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/smartgridcomm51999.2021.9632287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm51999.2021.9632287","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117013351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632303
Qisheng Huang, Jianwei Huang
Many governments have implemented the Renewable standard portfolio (RPS) policy to enforce power utilities to procure a minimum amount of energy supply from renewable resources. We construct a two-stage Stackelberg game to explore the strategic behaviors of the power utility, the solar farm, and the prosumers under a given RPS policy. The power utility acts as the leader to decide the capacity subsidy to incentivize his prosumers and the solar farm to invest in renewables, with the objective of profit-maximization. When facing the power utility's decisions, the prosumers and the solar farm compete with each other to make the renewable investment decisions. Each prosumer seeks to minimize the total cost of energy consumption and renewable investment. The objective of the solar farm is to maximize his profit. We completely characterize the equilibrium of the dynamic game considering different capital costs. It is interesting to find that the prosumers are more willing to invest in solar panels than the solar farm. In particular, when the prosumers and the solar farm have the same capital costs, the prosumers' total renewable investment is no less than that of the solar farm. Numerical experiments based on real-world data show that a higher market competition leads to a higher total renewable investment and a lower overall system cost.
{"title":"Towards Strategic Local Power Network Decarbonization: A Stackelberg Game Analysis","authors":"Qisheng Huang, Jianwei Huang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632303","url":null,"abstract":"Many governments have implemented the Renewable standard portfolio (RPS) policy to enforce power utilities to procure a minimum amount of energy supply from renewable resources. We construct a two-stage Stackelberg game to explore the strategic behaviors of the power utility, the solar farm, and the prosumers under a given RPS policy. The power utility acts as the leader to decide the capacity subsidy to incentivize his prosumers and the solar farm to invest in renewables, with the objective of profit-maximization. When facing the power utility's decisions, the prosumers and the solar farm compete with each other to make the renewable investment decisions. Each prosumer seeks to minimize the total cost of energy consumption and renewable investment. The objective of the solar farm is to maximize his profit. We completely characterize the equilibrium of the dynamic game considering different capital costs. It is interesting to find that the prosumers are more willing to invest in solar panels than the solar farm. In particular, when the prosumers and the solar farm have the same capital costs, the prosumers' total renewable investment is no less than that of the solar farm. Numerical experiments based on real-world data show that a higher market competition leads to a higher total renewable investment and a lower overall system cost.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125690943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632312
S. Su, Nan-Hsiung Huang, Jingzhou Yang
Power-line communication (PLC) system can exchange information over the existing electrical grid without much extra implementation cost. Such system will play an important role in the future Smart Grid. However, the system performance of PLC systems will be severely degraded by the multipath fading and random impulse noise (IN). This paper intends to evaluate the performance of different IN detection and reduction schemes combined with low-density parity check (LDPC) decoding for the PLC systems based on G.hn (Gigabit Home Networking) specification. In particular, to improve the system performance, we modify the likelihood value calculation of the LDPC decoder with the information of signal-power and noise-power change due to the process of IN reduction and equalizer.
{"title":"Impulse Noise Suppression for G.hn Broadband Power-Line Communication in Smart Grid","authors":"S. Su, Nan-Hsiung Huang, Jingzhou Yang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm51999.2021.9632312","url":null,"abstract":"Power-line communication (PLC) system can exchange information over the existing electrical grid without much extra implementation cost. Such system will play an important role in the future Smart Grid. However, the system performance of PLC systems will be severely degraded by the multipath fading and random impulse noise (IN). This paper intends to evaluate the performance of different IN detection and reduction schemes combined with low-density parity check (LDPC) decoding for the PLC systems based on G.hn (Gigabit Home Networking) specification. In particular, to improve the system performance, we modify the likelihood value calculation of the LDPC decoder with the information of signal-power and noise-power change due to the process of IN reduction and equalizer.","PeriodicalId":378884,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129342835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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