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A randomized controlled trial protocol for the introduction of a multidisciplinary individualized nutritional intervention in children with cerebral palsy 为脑瘫儿童引入多学科个性化营养干预的随机对照试验方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101343
Ruzha Pancheva , Stanka A. Fitneva , Rositsa Chamova , Dimitar Marinov , Albena Toneva , Stanislava Hadzhieva , Rozalina Braykova , Nikoleta Yoncheva , Stefka Tsvetanova , Silviya Nikolova , Natalya Usheva , Koen Huysentruyt , Karina Dimova , Yana Bocheva , Stanislava Pavlova , Petya Hristanova

Introduction

Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) encounter substantial nutritional challenges that impair their health and quality of life. Despite the importance of nutrition in managing CP and the recognition of physiological, behavioral, and social causes of malnutrition, research on the effectiveness of individualized nutritional interventions developed and supported by multidisciplinary teams is scarce.

Aim

The study will evaluate the impact of an individualized nutritional intervention developed and supported by a multidisciplinary team on the anthropometric outcomes and overall health of children with CP.

Methods

A single-center, randomized controlled trial, conducted at the Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria, will enroll 100 children aged 2–12 years and diagnosed with CP. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group, receiving comprehensive structured dietary assessment and individualized nutrition plan developed by a multidisciplinary team of experts, or to a standard care group. Outcomes assessed will focus on anthropometric measures of nutritional status, but also include health outcomes, child development and clinical assessments, and quality of life indicators.

Ethics

Ethical approval for this study has been obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee at the Medical University of Varna (Protocol No. 134 dated 20.07.2023).

Conclusion

This study will assess the benefits of a multidisciplinary, individualized nutritional intervention for children with CP. The findings will have implications for clinical guidelines and interventions aiming to improve their care and quality of life.

导言脑瘫(CP)儿童面临着巨大的营养挑战,这损害了他们的健康和生活质量。该研究将评估由多学科团队开发和支持的个性化营养干预对 CP 儿童人体测量结果和整体健康的影响。方法在保加利亚瓦尔纳医科大学进行的单中心随机对照试验将招募 100 名年龄在 2-12 岁、被诊断为 CP 的儿童。参与者将被随机分配到干预组(接受由多学科专家团队制定的全面结构化饮食评估和个性化营养计划)或标准护理组。评估结果将侧重于营养状况的人体测量指标,但也包括健康结果、儿童发育和临床评估以及生活质量指标。伦理本研究已获得瓦尔纳医科大学医学伦理委员会的伦理批准(2023 年 7 月 20 日第 134 号协议)。研究结果将对旨在改善其护理和生活质量的临床指南和干预措施产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sample size considerations for single-arm clinical trials with time-to-event endpoint using the gamma distribution 使用伽马分布的单臂临床试验中时间到事件终点的样本量考虑因素
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101344
Junqiang Dai, Jianghua He, Milind A. Phadnis

Background

Time-to-event (TTE) endpoints are evaluated as the primary endpoint in single-arm clinical trials; however, limited options are available in statistical software for sample size calculation. In single-arm trials with TTE endpoints, the non-parametric log-rank test is commonly used. Parametric options for single-arm design assume survival times follow exponential distribution or Weibull distribution.

Methods

The exponential- or Weibull-distributed survival time assumption does not always reflect hazard pattern of real-life diseases. We therefore propose gamma distribution as an alternative parametric option for designing single-arm studies with TTE endpoints. We outline a sample size calculation approach using gamma distribution with a known shape parameter and explain how to extract the gamma shape estimate from previously published resources. In addition, we conduct simulations to assess the accuracy of the extracted gamma shape parameter and to explore the impact on sample size calculation when survival time distribution is misspecified.

Results

Our simulations show that if a previously published study (sample sizes 60 and censoring proportions 20 %) reported median and inter-quartile range of survival time, we can obtain a reasonably accurate gamma shape estimate, and use it to design new studies. When true survival time is Weibull-distributed, sample size calculation could be underestimated or overestimated depending on the hazard shape.

Conclusions

We show how to use gamma distribution in designing a single-arm trial, thereby offering more options beyond the exponential and Weibull. We provide a simulation-based assessment to ensure an accurate estimation of the gamma shape and recommend caution to avoid misspecification of the underlying distribution.

背景时间-事件(TTE)终点在单臂临床试验中作为主要终点进行评估;然而,统计软件中用于样本量计算的选项有限。在以 TTE 为终点的单臂试验中,通常使用非参数对数秩检验。方法指数分布或 Weibull 分布的生存时间假设并不总能反映现实生活中疾病的危害模式。因此,我们建议将伽玛分布作为设计 TTE 终点单臂研究的另一种参数选择。我们概述了使用已知形状参数的伽玛分布计算样本量的方法,并解释了如何从以前发表的资料中提取伽玛形状估计值。此外,我们还进行了模拟,以评估提取的伽玛形状参数的准确性,并探讨当生存时间分布被错误指定时对样本量计算的影响。结果我们的模拟显示,如果以前发表的研究(样本量≥60,删减比例≤20%)报告了生存时间的中位数和四分位间范围,我们就能获得相当准确的伽玛形状估计值,并用它来设计新的研究。结论我们展示了如何在设计单臂试验时使用伽马分布,从而在指数分布和威布尔分布之外提供更多选择。我们提供了一种基于模拟的评估方法,以确保准确估计伽马分布的形状,并建议小心谨慎,避免对基础分布进行错误规范。
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引用次数: 0
Maximizing the reach of universal child sexual abuse prevention: Protocol for an equivalence trial 最大限度地普及儿童性虐待预防措施:等效试验方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101345
Kate Guastaferro , Mia S. Melchior , Siyu Heng , Jessica Trudeau , Jacqueline L. Holloway

Background

Child sexual abuse (CSA) affects 1 in 5 girls and 1 in 12 boys before age 18. Universal school-based prevention programs are an effective and cost-efficient method of teaching students an array of personal safety skills. However, the programmatic reach of universal school-based programs is limited by the inherent reliance on the school infrastructure and a dearth of available alternative delivery modalities.

Methods

The design for this study will use a rigorous cluster randomized design (N = 180 classrooms) to determine the equivalence of two delivery modalities of Safe Touches: as usual vs. modified. The as usual workshop will be delivered by two facilitators with live puppet skits (n = 90). Whereas, the modified workshop will be delivered by one facilitator using prerecorded skit videos (n = 90). We will determine the equivalence by measuring concept learning acquisition preworkshop to immediate postworkshop (Aim 1) and retention at 3-months postworkshop (Aim 2) among students in classrooms that receive the as usual or modified workshops. To conclude equivalence, it is imperative to also examine factors that may impact future dissemination and implementation, specifically program adoption among school personnel and implementation fidelity between the two modalities (Aim 3).

Conclusion

Study findings will inform the ongoing development of effective CSA prevention programs and policy decisions regarding the sustainable integration of such programs within schools.

Clinical trial registration

NCT06195852.

背景儿童性虐待(CSA)影响着 18 岁前五分之一的女孩和十二分之一的男孩。普及校本预防计划是教授学生一系列个人安全技能的有效且经济的方法。本研究将采用严格的分组随机设计(N = 180 间教室),以确定 "安全触摸 "的两种授课方式的等效性:照常授课与改良授课。常规工作坊将由两名主持人以木偶剧的形式进行(人数=90)。而修改后的工作坊将由一名主持人使用预先录制的短剧视频进行讲授(人数 = 90)。我们将通过测量工作坊前和工作坊后学生的概念学习掌握情况(目标 1)以及工作坊后 3 个月学生的概念学习保持情况(目标 2)来确定工作坊的等效性。为了得出等效性结论,还必须研究可能影响未来传播和实施的因素,特别是学校工作人员对项目的采纳情况以及两种模式之间的实施保真度(目标 3)。结论研究结果将为有效的 CSA 预防项目的持续发展以及有关在学校内可持续整合此类项目的政策决策提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Combining one-session treatment with a homework program including app-based technology to enhance the treatment of childhood specific phobias: A study protocol of a multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial 将一次疗程治疗与包括应用程序技术在内的家庭作业计划相结合,加强对儿童特定恐惧症的治疗:多中心实用随机对照试验的研究方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101346
A.M. Klein , A. Hagen , J. Rahemenia , E. de Gier , R.M. Rapee , M. Nauta , E. de Bruin , J. Biesters , L. van Rijswijk , A. Bexkens , J.M.D. Baartmans , L. Mobach , R. Zimmermann , K. Krause , S.M. Bögels , T.H. Ollendick , S. Schneider

Introduction

Childhood specific phobias are among the most common and earliest onset mental disorders with a lifetime prevalence of more than ten percent. Brief intensive cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) programs such as the One-Session Treatment (OST) are found to be effective in the remission of the specific phobias following treatment, but there is still room for improvement. The goal of the current study is to examine whether the long-term efficacy of OST increases by using a homework program supported by an app specifically designed for children; the Kids Beat Anxiety (KibA) homework program.

Methods

Children aged between 7 and 14 years with a specific phobia receive OST preceded by a three-week baseline phase to control for time-effects. Directly following OST, children are randomized to either a four-week homework period supported by an app (OST + app), or standard One-Session Treatment with a four-week homework period that is only supported by therapist instructions (OST-only). Primary outcome variables are diagnosis and severity of the specific phobia. Secondary outcomes include behavioral avoidance, self-reported fear, and functional impairment. Data will be analyzed based on intention-to-treat and per protocol samples using mixed-effects multilevel linear models.

Ethics and dissemination

The current study was approved by the METC of the Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (number: NL72697.018.20) and the Ethical Committee of the Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany (number: 663). Results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration

The study was pre-registered at the Dutch Trial Register, number: NL 9216.

导言:儿童特异性恐惧症是最常见、发病最早的精神障碍之一,终生患病率超过百分之十。简短强化认知行为疗法(CBT)项目,如 "一疗程疗法"(OST),在治疗后可有效缓解特异性恐惧症,但仍有改进的余地。本研究的目的是通过使用一个由专门为儿童设计的应用程序(儿童战胜焦虑(KibA)家庭作业程序)支持的家庭作业程序,来检验 OST 的长期疗效是否会提高。方法7 至 14 岁患有特定恐惧症的儿童在接受 OST 治疗之前,先接受为期三周的基线阶段治疗,以控制时间效应。OST 结束后,孩子们会被随机分配到一个为期四周、由应用程序支持的家庭作业阶段(OST + 应用程序),或一个为期四周、仅由治疗师指导的家庭作业阶段(仅 OST)。主要结果变量是特定恐惧症的诊断和严重程度。次要结果包括行为回避、自我报告的恐惧和功能障碍。本研究已获得荷兰阿姆斯特丹学术医学中心 METC(编号:NL72697.018.20)和德国波鸿鲁尔大学伦理委员会(编号:663)的批准。该试验的结果将在同行评审期刊上发表。试验登记该研究已在荷兰试验登记处进行了预先登记,登记号为 NL 9216:NL 9216。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy, safety, and response predictors of Astragalus in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A study protocol of an assessor-blind, statistician-blind open-label randomized controlled trial 黄芪对轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病患者的疗效、安全性和反应预测指标:评估者盲法、统计者盲法开放标签随机对照试验的研究方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101339
Yingzhe Cheng , Lin Lin , Peilin Huang , Jiejun Zhang , Xiaodong Pan

Background

This pragmatic clinical trial aims to determine the efficacy and safety of add-on Astragalus membranaceus (AM) for cognition and non-cognition in patients with of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease complicated with orthostatic hypotension in orthostatic hypotension, elucidate the underlying mechanisms, identify related response predictors, and explore effective drug components.

Methods

This is an add-on, assessor-blinded, parallel, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. At least 66 adults with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and OH aged 50–85 years will be recruited. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive 24 weeks of routine care or add-on low dose AM or add-on high dose AM group. The primary efficacy outcome will be measured by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale, Chinese version. Secondary efficacy outcome assessment will include neuropsychological tests, blood pressure, plasma biomarkers, multimodal electroencephalograms, and neuroimaging. Safety outcome measures will include physical examinations, vital signs, electrocardiography, laboratory tests (such as hematologic and blood chemical tests), and adverse event records.

Ethics and dissemination

This trial was approved and supervised by Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (2021KJCX040). Independent results, findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT05647473; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier.

背景这项务实的临床试验旨在确定添加黄芪(AM)治疗轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病并发直立性低血压患者认知和非认知功能障碍的疗效和安全性,阐明其潜在机制,确定相关的反应预测因子,并探索有效的药物成分。将招募至少 66 名患有轻度至中度阿尔茨海默病(AD)和 OH 的 50-85 岁成人。参与者将按1:1:1的比例随机接受为期24周的常规治疗或附加低剂量AM或附加高剂量AM组治疗。主要疗效结果将通过阿尔茨海默病评估量表--认知分量表(中文版)进行测量。次要疗效评估包括神经心理学测试、血压、血浆生物标志物、多模态脑电图和神经影像学检查。伦理与传播本试验由福建医科大学附属协和医院批准并指导(2021KJCX040)。独立结果、研究结果将在同行评审期刊上发表,并在国内和国际会议上展示。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the relaxation effects of Shikuwasa (Citrus depressa Hayata) essential oil inhalation in young female adults: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial 评估吸入 Shikuwasa(早田郁金香)精油对年轻女性成年人的放松效果:随机对照试验的研究方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101342
Fumitake Yamaguchi , Naoki Yoshinaga , Miho Kuroki , Rie Nakasone , Hisanori Kenmotsu , Toshio Ueno , Yukihiro Yada , Michikazu Nakai , Yasuji Arimura

Introduction

The essential oil of Shikuwasa (Citrus depressa Hayata) primarily contains limonene and γ-terpinene, which have potential applications in stress management and relaxation. However, the psychological or physiological relaxation effects of Shikuwasa essential oil on humans are still unknown. This study aims to investigate the short-term relaxation effects of Shikuwasa essential oil, one of the less-studied varieties, compared to inhaling odour-free air in young female adults.

Methods

and analysis: This study is a two-arm, parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial. Forty young female adults will be assigned with a 1:1 allocation ratio to either the Shikuwasa essential oil inhalation group or the odour-free air inhalation group. The primary outcome measure will be subjective tense arousal (subscale of the Japanese version of the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology Mood Adjective Checklist). Secondary outcomes include objective measures: miosis rate and peripheral skin temperature for evaluating autonomic nervous activity, and cerebral blood flow (assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy) for evaluating central nervous activity. Since these objective outcome measures cannot be performed at the same time, we divide our experiment into three phases and participants will inhale sample vials for 2 min in each experiment. We will also evaluate individual preferences/impressions regarding inhaled samples and any adverse events.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki (reference no: I-0074). The findings of this study will be disseminated to academic and professional audiences via publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at academic conferences, and to the broader public via public talks and media/press releases. All study findings, whether negative or positive, will be reported.

Trial registration

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000053914. Prospectively registered on March 20, 2024.

引言 四葛(Citrus depressa Hayata)精油主要含有柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯,可用于压力管理和放松。然而,Shikuwasa 精油对人类的心理或生理放松效果仍然未知。本研究旨在调查 Shikuwasa 精油(研究较少的品种之一)与吸入无味空气相比对年轻女性成年人的短期放松效果:本研究是一项双臂、平行组、开放标签、随机对照的优效试验。40 名年轻女性成人将按 1:1 的分配比例被分配到吸入 Shikuwasa 精油组或吸入无味空气组。主要结果是主观紧张唤醒(威尔士科技大学情绪形容词检查表日语版的分量表)。次要结果包括客观测量:用于评估自律神经活动的瞳孔缩小率和外周皮肤温度,以及用于评估中枢神经活动的脑血流量(使用近红外光谱评估)。由于这些客观结果测量无法同时进行,我们将实验分为三个阶段,参与者将在每个实验中吸入样品瓶 2 分钟。我们还将评估个人对吸入样本的偏好/印象以及任何不良事件。伦理和传播本研究方案已通过宫崎大学医学系研究伦理委员会的审查和批准(参考编号:I-0074)。本研究的结果将通过在同行评审期刊上发表文章和在学术会议上发表演讲的方式向学术和专业受众传播,并通过公开讲座和媒体/新闻稿向更广泛的公众传播。所有研究结果,无论是负面的还是正面的,都将被报道。试验注册UMIN临床试验注册中心(UMIN-CTR),UMIN000053914。前瞻性注册日期为 2024 年 3 月 20 日。
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引用次数: 0
A smartphone app-based mindfulness intervention to enhance recovery from substance use disorders: Protocol for a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial 基于智能手机应用程序的正念干预,促进药物使用障碍的康复:试点可行性随机对照试验方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101338
Corey R. Roos , Jonathan Bricker , Brian Kiluk , Timothy J. Trull , Sarah Bowen , Katie Witkiewitz , Hedy Kober

Background

Poor long-term recovery outcomes after treatment (e.g., readmission to inpatient treatment) are common among individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs). In-person mindfulness-based treatments (MBTs) are efficacious for SUDs and may improve recovery outcomes. However, existing MBTs for SUD have limited public health reach, and thus scalable delivery methods are needed. A digitally-delivered MBT for SUDs may hold promise.

Methods

We recently developed Mindful Journey, a smartphone app-based adjunctive MBT for improving long-term recovery outcomes. In this paper, we present details on the app and describe the protocol for a single-site pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial of Mindful Journey. In this trial, individuals (n = 34) in an early phase of outpatient treatment for SUDs will be randomized to either treatment-as-usual (TAU) plus Mindful Journey, or TAU only. The trial will focus on testing the feasibility (e.g., engagement) and acceptability of the app (e.g., perceived usability and helpfulness for recovery), as well as feasibility of study procedures (e.g., assessment completion). The trial will incorporate ecological momentary assessment before and after treatment to assess mechanisms in real-time, including mindfulness, craving, difficulties with negative emotion regulation, and savoring. To examine the sensitivity to change of outcomes (substance use, substance-related problems, and psychological distress) and mechanism variables (noted above), we will test within-treatment-condition changes over time.

Discussion

The proposed pilot trial will provide important preliminary data on whether Mindful Journey is feasible and acceptable among individuals with SUDs.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05109507.

背景在药物使用障碍(SUD)患者中,治疗后长期康复效果不佳(如再次入院治疗)的情况很常见。面对面的正念治疗(MBTs)对药物滥用性精神障碍(SUDs)具有疗效,并可改善康复结果。然而,现有的基于正念的治疗方法对公众健康的影响有限,因此需要可扩展的治疗方法。我们最近开发了 "心灵之旅"(Mindful Journey),这是一种基于智能手机应用程序的辅助性戒毒治疗方法,可改善长期康复效果。在本文中,我们将详细介绍该应用程序,并描述 "心灵之旅 "单点试点可行性随机对照试验的方案。在这项试验中,处于门诊治疗早期阶段的 SUD 患者(n = 34)将被随机分配到 "常规治疗"(TAU)加 "心灵之旅"(Mindful Journey)或 "常规治疗"(TAU)中。试验将重点测试应用程序的可行性(如参与度)和可接受性(如感知可用性和对康复的帮助),以及研究程序的可行性(如评估完成度)。试验将结合治疗前后的生态瞬间评估,以实时评估各种机制,包括正念、渴求、负面情绪调节困难和品味。为了检查结果(药物使用、药物相关问题和心理困扰)和机制变量(如上所述)变化的敏感性,我们将测试治疗条件内随着时间的推移而发生的变化。讨论拟议的试点试验将提供重要的初步数据,说明 "正念之旅 "在患有药物依赖性疾病的个体中是否可行和可接受。
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引用次数: 0
Music therapy with adults in the subacute phase after stroke: A study protocol 对中风后处于亚急性阶段的成人进行音乐治疗:研究方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101340
Theo Dimitriadis , Mohammed A. Mudarris , Dieuwke S. Veldhuijzen , Andrea W.M. Evers , Wendy L. Magee , Rebecca S. Schaefer

Stroke is a highly disabling condition, for which music therapy is regularly used in rehabilitation. One possible mechanism for the effects of music therapy is the motivational aspect of music, for example regarding treatment adherence based on improved mood. In this study, changes in motivation related to Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) techniques during rehabilitation in the subacute phase after stroke will be investigated. Using a randomised within-subjects cross-over design, the effects of two NMT techniques and related motivational indices will be investigated. Data will be collected at three timepoints: baseline (TP1), after being randomised into groups and receiving NMT or standard care (TP2), and then at a third time point after the cross-over and having received both conditions (TP3). This design allows to counteract order effects, time effects due to spontaneous and/or nonlinear recovery, as well as single-subject comparisons in a relatively heterogeneous sample. Twenty adult participants who have experienced a supratentorial ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke and are experiencing upper-limb impairments and/or cognitive deficits will be included. Behavioural measures of motor function, cognition, and quality of life will be collected, along with self-reported indices of overall motivation. The study outcomes will have implications for the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of music therapy in stroke recovery, more specifically regarding the relevance of motivational states in neurorehabilitation.

中风是一种高度致残的疾病,音乐疗法经常被用于康复治疗。音乐疗法产生效果的一个可能机制是音乐的激励作用,例如在改善情绪的基础上坚持治疗。本研究将调查中风后亚急性阶段康复过程中与神经音乐治疗(NMT)技术相关的动机变化。研究将采用随机受试者内交叉设计,调查两种 NMT 技术和相关动机指数的效果。数据将在三个时间点收集:基线(TP1)、随机分组并接受 NMT 或标准护理后(TP2),以及交叉后的第三个时间点(TP3)。这种设计可以抵消顺序效应、自发和/或非线性恢复导致的时间效应,以及在相对异质的样本中进行的单个受试者比较。研究将包括 20 名经历过脑室上缺血性或出血性中风、上肢功能障碍和/或认知障碍的成年参与者。将收集有关运动功能、认知和生活质量的行为测量指标,以及总体动机的自我报告指标。研究结果将有助于了解音乐疗法在中风康复中的潜在机制,特别是动机状态在神经康复中的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Adjunctive methylphenidate extended release in patients with schizophrenia: Protocol of a single-centre fixed dose cross-over open-label trial to improve functional and cognitive outcomes 精神分裂症患者辅助使用哌醋甲酯缓释剂:旨在改善功能和认知结果的单中心固定剂量交叉开放标签试验方案
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101337
Naista Zhand , David Attwood , Alain Labelle , Ridha Joober , Carrie Robertson , Philip D. Harvey

Background

Cognitive symptoms, among the core symptoms of schizophrenia, are associated with poor functional outcome and burden of illness. To date, there is no effective pharmacological treatment for these symptom clusters. Augmentation with psychostimulants has been proposed as a potential treatment option.

Objectives

The present study aims to assess off-label use of adjunctive methylphenidate extended release (ER) in patients with schizophrenia who are stable on antipsychotic medications, and to assess its efficacy on functioning and cognitive outcome.

Methods

This is a single centre study at the Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre. An open-label fixed dose controlled cross-over trial is planned. Eligible participants will be randomized into one of two arms of the study: 1) four weeks of add-on methylphenidate ER 36 mg, or 2) four weeks of treatment as usual. At 4 weeks, participants will switch arms. The duration of the study includes 8 weeks of treatment and a follow-up visit at 12 weeks. Primary outcome measures include tablet-based tests of functioning and cognition (VRFCAT and BAC) and will be administered at baseline and every 4 weeks. We are aiming to recruit a total of 24 participants.

Expected outcomes

The proposed project intends to assess a potential treatment option for cognitive deficits of schizophrenia, for which there are no recommendations by current treatment guidelines. The novelty and significance of the current study is that it investigates this intervention and assess applicability of it in a “real world setting” in a tertiary care hospital.

背景认知症状是精神分裂症的核心症状之一,与不良的功能预后和疾病负担有关。迄今为止,还没有针对这些症状群的有效药物治疗方法。本研究旨在对稳定服用抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者在标签外使用哌醋甲酯缓释剂(ER)进行评估,并评估其对患者功能和认知结果的疗效。计划进行一项开放标签固定剂量对照交叉试验。符合条件的参与者将被随机分配到两组研究中的一组:1)接受为期四周的哌醋甲酯 ER 36 毫克附加治疗,或 2)接受为期四周的常规治疗。4周后,参与者将互换治疗组。研究持续时间包括 8 周的治疗和 12 周的随访。主要结果测量包括基于片剂的功能和认知测试(VRFCAT 和 BAC),将在基线和每 4 周进行一次。我们的目标是共招募 24 名参与者。预期成果拟议项目旨在评估精神分裂症认知缺陷的潜在治疗方案,目前的治疗指南尚未对此提出建议。本研究的新颖性和重要意义在于,它调查了这种干预方法,并评估了它在一家三甲医院的 "真实环境 "中的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
A clinical randomized trial: Effects of early application of sacubitril/valsartan on ventricular remodeling and prognosis in acute myocardial infarction patients 临床随机试验:早期应用沙库比妥/缬沙坦对急性心肌梗死患者心室重塑和预后的影响
IF 1.4 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101303
Zhengfeng Liu , Kun Cui , Guangdong Wang , Wenqing Jin , Qiong Yao , Yuanzheng Zhang

Objectives

To explore the effects of early application of sacubitril/valsartan on ventricular remodeling and prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods

Total of 295 patients with AMI admitted to the hospital were enrolled between August 2019 and August 2021. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into observation group (sacubitril/valsartan sodium tables combined with standard treatment, 132 patients) and control group (benazepril hydrochloride tablets combined with standard treatment, 163 patients). The levels of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatinine (Cr) and serum K+ before and at 6 months after treatment, standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), standard deviation of the average all normal-to-normal intervals (SDANN), root mean square of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals/root mean square differences of successive R-R (RMSSD), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) in the two groups were compared. The adverse reactions during treatment and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 6 months of follow-up in both groups were statistically analyzed.

Results

The levels of NT-proBNP, Cr and K+, LVEDV and LVESV in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.05), while LVEF, SDNN, SDANN and RMSSD were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of MACE in observation group was lower than that in control group during 6 months of follow-up (7.58 % vs 27.61 %, P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (9.85 % vs 12.88 %, P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Early application of sacubitril/valsartan sodium can effectively delay ventricular remodeling, improve cardiac function and heart rate variability indexes, reduce NT-proBNP level and improve prognosis in AMI patients.
摘要] 目的 探讨早期应用沙库比特利/缬沙坦对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者心室重构及预后的影响。 方法 选取2019年8月-2021年8月期间该院收治的AMI患者共295例。根据治疗方法的不同,分为观察组(沙库比特利/缬沙坦钠片联合标准治疗,132例)和对照组(盐酸贝那普利片联合标准治疗,163例)。治疗前和治疗后 6 个月的血浆 N 端前脑钠肽 (NT-proBNP)、肌酐 (Cr) 和血清 K+ 水平、所有正常至正常区间的标准偏差 (SDNN)、所有正常至正常区间平均值的标准偏差 (SDANN)、比较两组相邻正常间期差的均方根/连续 R-R 差的均方根(RMSSD)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)和左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)。结果 观察组NT-proBNP、Cr、K+、LVEDV、LVESV水平显著低于对照组(P< 0.05),而LVEF、SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD显著高于对照组(P< 0.05)。结论早期应用沙库比特利/缬沙坦钠可有效延缓AMI患者心室重构,改善心功能和心率变异性指标,降低NT-proBNP水平,改善预后。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications
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