Addictive Behaviors Reports最新文献

Genomic factors associated with substance use disorder relapse: A critical review 与药物使用障碍复发相关的基因组因素：重要综述

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100569

Noora Al-Marzooqi , Hanan Al-Suhail , Mohammad O. AlRefai , Hamid A Alhaj

Several genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to the elevated substance use disorder (SUD) relapse vulnerability, yet a comprehensive investigation into these factors is lacking. This review aims to delve into current literature to highlight key genomic factors associated with SUD relapse.

Focusing on genetic predisposition and epigenetic modifications the review synthesized research findings of several genetic polymorphisms, histone modifications and DNA methylation patterns contributing to the initiation of SUD and the elevated relapse susceptibility. Notably, specific gene polymorphisms, such as Dopamine Receptor D2 gene (DRD2), Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Alpha gene (GABRA2), Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene, Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) gene and others were identified to be connected to various patterns of SUD relapse. Furthermore, SUD initiation and relapse has been shown to be influenced by epigenetics. Specifically, CpG hypermethylation has been associated with severe alcohol use disorder in the 5′ untranslated region of the Bladder Cancer Associated Protein gene (BLCAP) and the upstream region of the Active BCR Related gene (ABR). Co-users of cannabis and tobacco showed notable variations in CpG site methylation, especially at the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor (AHRR), and factor II receptor-like 3 gene sites (F2RL3).

In conclusion, there is good evidence of certain associations between genomic factors and relapse to SUD. However, further research is needed to ascertain causality effects of these factors and develop novel interventions for effective treatment and relapse prevention.

多种遗传和表观遗传因素导致药物使用障碍（SUD）复发率升高，但目前还缺乏对这些因素的全面调查。本综述旨在深入研究当前的文献，以突出与药物滥用症复发相关的关键基因组因素。本综述以遗传易感性和表观遗传修饰为重点，综合了几种基因多态性、组蛋白修饰和 DNA 甲基化模式的研究结果，这些基因多态性、组蛋白修饰和 DNA 甲基化模式是导致药物滥用症发病和复发易感性升高的原因。值得注意的是，多巴胺受体 D2 基因 (DRD2)、γ-氨基丁酸受体 Alpha 基因 (GABRA2)、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶 (COMT) 基因、多巴胺转运体 (DAT1) 基因等特定基因的多态性被确认与各种 SUD 复发模式有关。此外，事实证明，药物依赖性成瘾的诱发和复发受表观遗传学的影响。具体来说，在膀胱癌相关蛋白基因（BLCAP）的 5′非翻译区和活性 BCR 相关基因（ABR）的上游区域，CpG 高甲基化与严重酗酒症有关。大麻和烟草的共同使用者在 CpG 位点甲基化方面表现出明显的差异，尤其是在芳香烃受体抑制因子（AHRR）和因子 II 受体样 3 基因位点（F2RL3）。总之，有充分证据表明基因组因素与药物滥用的复发之间存在某些关联，但还需要进一步研究，以确定这些因素的因果关系，并开发新的干预措施，从而有效治疗和预防复发。

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引用次数: 0

Mokken scale analysis of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form and the Gaming Disorder Test 网络游戏障碍量表-简表和游戏障碍测试的莫肯量表分析

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100567

Laura Maldonado-Murciano , Halley M. Pontes , Maite Barrios , Juana Gómez-Benito , Georgina Guilera

In recent years, research on disordered gaming has grown substantially with researchers developing different psychometric tools for assessing it. Two of the most prominent assessment tools are the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) and the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT), which evaluate disordered gaming under the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) frameworks, respectively. The main aim of this study was to assess and compare the scalability, reliability, and validity of both scales to determine if they effectively assess disordered gaming in a normative sample, through the Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA). A sample of 605 participants (42.31 % female, mean_age = 23.98 years, SD = 9.21 years) was recruited for the present study. Results showed that both the IGDS9-SF and GDT were unidimensional, with all items presenting latent monotonicity fitting in the Monotone Homogeneity Model (MHM). Item characteristic curves did not intersect and presented with adequate fit in the Double Monotonicity Model (DMM). These findings further support the psychometric adequacy of the IGDS9-SF and GDT, attesting to their suitability to assess disordered gaming.

近年来，关于游戏障碍的研究有了长足的发展，研究人员开发了不同的心理测量工具来评估游戏障碍。其中最著名的两种评估工具是网络游戏障碍量表-简表（IGDS9-SF）和游戏障碍测试（GDT），它们分别在美国精神病学协会（APA）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的框架下对游戏障碍进行评估。本研究的主要目的是通过莫肯量表分析法（MSA），评估和比较这两个量表的可扩展性、可靠性和有效性，以确定它们是否能有效评估常模样本中的游戏障碍。本研究共招募了 605 名参与者（42.31% 为女性，平均年龄为 23.98 岁，标准差为 9.21 岁）。结果显示，IGDS9-SF和GDT均为单维量表，所有项目均符合单调同质性模型（MHM）的潜在单调性。项目特征曲线不相交，在双单调模型（DMM）中表现出充分的拟合性。这些发现进一步证明了IGDS9-SF和GDT在心理测量学上的适当性，证明它们适用于评估游戏障碍。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of sociodemographic, tobacco use, and mental health characteristics on treatment adherence among adults enrolled in a community-based tobacco cessation program 社会人口、烟草使用和心理健康特征对参加社区戒烟计划的成年人坚持治疗的影响

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100568

Motolani E. Ogunsanya , Summer G. Frank-Pearce , Sixia Chen , Munjireen Sifat , Amy M. Cohn , Michael S. Businelle , Darla E. Kendzor

Background

While counseling and pharmacological interventions are known to facilitate smoking cessation, poor adherence can impact their effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to identify personal and clinical factors that influenced adherence to smoking cessation treatment among socioeconomically disadvantaged adult Oklahomans enrolled in a publicly available tobacco treatment program and observational research study.

Methods

Adult participants (N = 442) were enrolled in a community-based tobacco treatment program. Logistic regression models identified sociodemographic, mental health, and substance use characteristics associated with treatment adherence. Adherence was measured by counseling session attendance and weeks of moderate/high medication adherence assessed via the Medication Adherence Questionnaire. Analyses were conducted using SAS 9.4 with p < 0.05.

Results

Participants (mean age of 53, 55 % female, and 42.3 % racially minoritized), smoked 16 (SD = 10) cigarettes/day for 30 years on average (SD = 15), and 44.8 % reported depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale [CESD] score ≥ 10). Self-efficacy, White race, increasing age, and years of smoking were positively associated with counseling adherence, while menthol use, being uninsured, and depression predicted lower counseling adherence. Medication adherence was lower among individuals who used menthol cigarettes, lived with someone who smoked, and had higher levels of expired carbon monoxide.

Conclusions

This study highlights key factors that influenced adherence to smoking cessation treatment in a socioeconomically disadvantaged population. Tailored interventions are needed to address social, behavioral, and environmental factors, such as living situations and mental health, in smoking cessation interventions to enhance treatment outcomes for underserved populations. Future tobacco cessation programs should consider these factors to improve adherence and, ultimately, success rates.

背景众所周知，咨询和药物干预有助于戒烟，但戒烟依从性差会影响其效果。因此，本研究旨在确定影响参加公共烟草治疗项目和观察性研究的俄克拉荷马州社会经济条件较差的成人戒烟治疗依从性的个人和临床因素。逻辑回归模型确定了与坚持治疗相关的社会人口、心理健康和药物使用特征。治疗依从性通过咨询课程出席率和药物依从性调查问卷评估的中度/高度药物依从性周数来衡量。结果参与者（平均年龄 53 岁，55% 为女性，42.3% 为少数民族）平均每天吸烟 16 支（SD = 10），持续 30 年（SD = 15），44.8% 报告患有抑郁症（流行病学研究中心抑郁量表 [CESD] 评分≥10）。自我效能感、白种人、年龄增长和吸烟年数与咨询依从性呈正相关，而使用薄荷醇、无保险和抑郁则预示着咨询依从性较低。在使用薄荷烟、与吸烟者同住以及呼出一氧化碳水平较高的人群中，药物治疗依从性较低。在戒烟干预中，需要针对社会、行为和环境因素（如生活状况和心理健康）采取有针对性的干预措施，以提高服务不足人群的治疗效果。未来的戒烟计划应考虑这些因素，以提高戒烟依从性，最终提高戒烟成功率。

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引用次数: 0

Examining problem gambling, substance use disorders and cluster B personality traits among incarcerated individuals 研究被监禁者中的问题赌博、药物使用障碍和 B 群人格特质

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100566

Kalle Lind , Jussi Palomäki , Sari Castrén

Prison populations face heightened rates of addictive behaviors and significant stressors, including health challenges and social disparities. Although problem gambling is prevalent in criminal justice settings, its distinctiveness compared to other addictions among incarcerated individuals remains uncertain. This study examines risk factors associated with problem gambling in Finnish prisoners and explores differences compared to other forms of addiction.

Covariates from a questionnaire (N = 527) included gender, age, education, offender status, involvement in theft or property crime, Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ), Depression Scale (DEPS), and lifetime abuse experiences. Of the 527 participants, 330 were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-II) to assess personality disorders. Multiple logistic regression models were utilized, with separate models for problem gambling (PG), lifetime substance use disorder, and lifetime alcohol disorder.

Crime type was not significantly associated with alcohol or substance use problems, but PG was associated with property crime or theft convictions. Borderline personality traits were linked to probable PG, while antisocial traits were linked to drug use, and both traits predicted alcohol misuse. Age and gender were significant only in relation to alcohol use problems, with older age and male gender indicating higher risk.

The association between problem gambling and criminal behavior underscores the vulnerability of incarcerated individuals across various domains. Detailed assessments, considering the nature of criminal activity and personality disorders, especially borderline traits and comorbid conditions, are crucial for tailoring rehabilitation and treatment strategies to prevent recidivism. These findings provide valuable insights for clinicians managing addiction and mental health issues within correctional settings.

监狱服刑人员面临着更高的成瘾行为发生率和巨大的压力，包括健康挑战和社会差异。虽然问题赌博在刑事司法环境中很普遍，但与其他成瘾行为相比，它在被监禁者中的独特性仍不确定。本研究调查了芬兰囚犯中与问题赌博相关的风险因素，并探讨了与其他形式的成瘾相比，问题赌博与其他成瘾的区别。调查问卷（N = 527）中的相关变量包括性别、年龄、教育程度、罪犯身份、参与盗窃或财产犯罪的情况、创伤筛查问卷（TSQ）、抑郁量表（DEPS）和终生受虐经历。在 527 名参与者中，有 330 人接受了结构化临床访谈（SCID-II）以评估人格障碍。犯罪类型与酗酒或药物使用问题无显著关联，但赌博问题与财产犯罪或盗窃定罪有关。边缘型人格特质与可能的 PG 有关，而反社会人格特质则与药物使用有关，这两种人格特质都预示着酗酒。年龄和性别仅与酗酒问题有关，年龄越大、性别越男，风险越高。考虑到犯罪活动的性质和人格障碍，尤其是边缘性特征和合并症，详细的评估对于制定康复和治疗策略以预防再犯至关重要。这些研究结果为临床医生在管教环境中管理成瘾和心理健康问题提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Cigarette smoking status and COVID-19 hospitalization in the context of cannabis use: An electronic health record cohort study in northern California 吸食大麻情况下的吸烟状况和 COVID-19 住院情况：加利福尼亚州北部电子健康记录队列研究

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100565

Dian Gu , Patrick Ha , Jesse T. Kaye , Michael C. Fiore , Janice Y. Tsoh

Background

Research investigating the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 outcomes has yielded mixed results, often overlooking cannabis use. This study examined the association between cigarette smoking and COVID-19 hospitalization with consideration of cannabis use.

Methods

We used electronic health record data from adult patients with COVID-19 (2/1/2020 to 2/3/2022) at a northern California academic medical center. The outcome was COVID-19 hospitalization. We conducted three multivariable logistic models to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and hospitalization. Model 1 included cigarette smoking status and other covariates; Model 2 added cannabis use status to Model 1; Model 3 added interaction term of cigarette and cannabis use to Model 2, followed by a post-hoc analysis.

Results

Of the 14,440 patients, 8.5 % had COVID-19 hospitalization, 4.9 % and 24.1 % currently and formerly smoked cigarettes, respectively; 7.2 % currently used cannabis, 62.8 % had unknown cannabis use status. Both current and former cigarettes smoking were associated with hospitalization (Models 1–2). In Model 3, the cigarette-cannabis interaction was significant. Former cigarette smoking had higher odds for hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.36; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.70) only among people who did not currently use cannabis. Current cigarette smoking yielded higher odds of hospitalization (AOR = 1.47; 95 % CI 1.02–2.12) among people whose cannabis use was unknown. Cigarette smoking status was not associated with hospitalization among people who currently used cannabis.

Conclusions

Cigarette smoking’s associations with COVID-19 hospitalization varied by cannabis use. Future research should include both cigarette and cannabis use in understanding risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes.

背景对吸烟与 COVID-19 结果之间关系的研究结果不一，通常忽略了大麻的使用。本研究考察了吸烟与 COVID-19 住院之间的关系，并考虑了大麻的使用情况。方法我们使用了北加州一家学术医疗中心 COVID-19 成年患者的电子健康记录数据（2020 年 1 月 2 日至 2022 年 3 月 2 日）。结果为 COVID-19 住院治疗。我们建立了三个多变量逻辑模型来研究吸烟与住院之间的关系。模型 1 包括吸烟状况和其他协变量；模型 2 在模型 1 的基础上增加了大麻使用状况；模型 3 在模型 2 的基础上增加了吸烟和大麻使用的交互项，然后进行了事后分析。结果在 14,440 名患者中，8.5% 的人曾因 COVID-19 住院，目前和以前吸烟的比例分别为 4.9% 和 24.1%；7.2% 的人目前使用大麻，62.8% 的人大麻使用状况不明。目前和以前吸烟均与住院治疗有关（模型 1-2）。在模型 3 中，香烟与大麻的交互作用非常显著。只有在目前不吸食大麻的人群中，曾经吸食过香烟的人才有更高的住院几率（调整后的几率比 [AOR] = 1.36；95 % 置信区间 [CI] 1.09-1.70）。在大麻使用情况未知的人群中，目前吸烟导致的住院几率更高（调整几率比 [AOR] = 1.47；95 % 置信区间 [CI] 1.02-2.12）。结论吸烟与 COVID-19 住院治疗的关系因大麻使用情况而异。在了解 COVID-19 结果的风险因素时，未来的研究应同时考虑吸烟和吸食大麻的情况。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into psychological characteristics of persons (not) agreeing to use an e-coach-application to reduce elevated Internet Use Disorder tendencies 洞察（不）同意使用电子辅导应用程序以减少互联网使用障碍升高倾向的人的心理特征

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100564

Christian Montag , Jon D. Elhai , Christopher Kannen , Anja Bischof , Dominique Brandt , Hannah Schmidt , Dmitri Rozgonjuk , Hans-Jürgen Rumpf

The present work aims to shed light on the question of whether certain psychological characteristics go along with choosing an e-coach offer to support healthy Internet use when reporting elevated Internet Use Disorder (IUD) tendencies. Data were from a large-scale stepped care approach study to treat persons with varying degrees of IUD tendencies. Recruitment for advertising the download of a smartphone app included social media, videos by influencers, paid ads, TV, radio, newspapers, workshops, and vocational schools. We contrasted a final sample of 184 declining, 907 agreeing, and 216 agreeing but not providing follow-up details needed to use such an e-coach, as well as 995 who did not explicitly decline or agree to participate (but refrained from using the e-coach). Participants were compared on several study variables, including sociodemographics, mental health, fear of missing out, personality, perceived stress, and IUD tendencies. Interestingly, we observed only two significant findings when contrasting the aforementioned groups using ANOVA. First, the group not agreeing to use the e-coach was associated with the lowest IUD tendencies and highest conscientiousness scores. Second, agreeing to use the e-coach was associated with older age. Further significant differences could be observed, but in general the accompanying effect sizes were very mild. In sum, the present study findings support the idea that greater subjective burden of IUD might result in more willingness to seek e-help, but also the personality trait of conscientiousness and a person’s age might play a role here.

本研究旨在揭示这样一个问题：当报告有较高的互联网使用障碍（IUD）倾向时，某些心理特征是否与选择电子辅导服务以支持健康使用互联网有关。数据来自于一项大规模的阶梯式护理研究，该研究旨在治疗有不同程度网络使用障碍（IUD）倾向的人。下载智能手机应用程序的广告招募活动包括社交媒体、有影响力人士的视频、付费广告、电视、广播、报纸、研讨会和职业学校。我们对 184 名拒绝、907 名同意、216 名同意但未提供使用此类电子辅导所需的后续详细信息的最终样本，以及 995 名未明确拒绝或同意参与（但未使用电子辅导）的样本进行了对比。我们对参与者的几个研究变量进行了比较，包括社会人口统计学、心理健康、害怕错过、性格、感知压力和宫内节育器倾向。有趣的是，在使用方差分析对上述各组进行对比时，我们只观察到两个显著的结果。首先，不同意使用电子辅导员的组别具有最低的宫内节育器倾向和最高的自觉性得分。其次，同意使用电子辅导的年龄较大。还可以观察到其他明显的差异，但总的来说，伴随的效应大小非常轻微。总之，本研究结果支持这样一种观点，即宫内节育器的主观负担越重，越愿意寻求电子帮助，但自觉性这一人格特质和个人年龄也可能在其中发挥作用。

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引用次数: 0

Reliability generalization Meta-Analysis and psychometric review of the Gaming Disorder test (GDT): Evaluating internal consistency 游戏障碍测试（GDT）的可靠性归纳元分析和心理测量学回顾：评估内部一致性

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100563

Haitham Jahrami , Waqar Husain , Chung-Ying Lin , Gunilla Björling , Marc N Potenza , Amir Pakpour

Gaming disorder (GD) is a growing public health issue requiring reliable screening and diagnostic tools. A commonly used tool for assessing GD is the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT). The GDT assesses GD based on International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) criteria; however, its psychometric testing has been conducted across studies but yet snythesized. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize psychometric data regarding the GDT globally. Adhering to pre-registration, a comprehensive search across databases identified 17 eligible studies (n=22,000) in 14 languages reporting on the psychometric properties of the GDT, especially its Cronbach’s alpha. The pooled Cronbach’s alpha was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83-0.89), indicating excellent internal consistency. Although significant heterogeneity was observed (I²= 98.54%), prediction intervals suggested true outcomes likely shared a positive direction. No moderating effects were found regarding sample characteristics, study quality, or geographical location. The meta-analysis provides robust and quantitative evidence supporting the internal consistency of the GDT across diverse populations. Moreover, qualitative synthesis indicates that the GDT has strong psychometric properties without risk of bias across the analyzed studies, indicating the GDT’s ability to assess GD globally. However, the heterogeneity suggests cautious interpretation of the reliability estimates

游戏障碍（GD）是一个日益严重的公共健康问题，需要可靠的筛查和诊断工具。游戏障碍测试（GDT）是评估游戏障碍的常用工具。GDT 是根据《国际疾病分类》第 11 次修订版（ICD-11）的标准来评估 GD 的；然而，已有多项研究对 GDT 进行了心理测试，但尚未进行荟萃分析。本荟萃分析旨在综合全球有关 GDT 的心理测量数据。根据预先登记的要求，我们在数据库中进行了全面搜索，发现了 17 项符合条件的研究（n=22,000），涉及 14 种语言，报告了 GDT 的心理测量特性，尤其是其 Cronbach's alpha。汇总的 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.86（95% CI：0.83-0.89），表明其内部一致性极佳。虽然观察到了明显的异质性（I2= 98.54%），但预测区间表明真实结果可能共享一个积极的方向。在样本特征、研究质量或地理位置方面没有发现调节效应。荟萃分析提供了可靠的定量证据，支持 GDT 在不同人群中的内部一致性。此外，定性综合分析表明，GDT 具有很强的心理测量特性，在所分析的研究中没有偏差风险，这表明 GDT 能够全面评估广东。然而，由于存在异质性，对可靠性估计值的解释需要谨慎。

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引用次数: 0

Proteus effect avatar profiles: Associations with disordered gaming and activity levels 普洛特斯效应头像档案：与无序游戏和活动水平的关系

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100562

Kaiden Hein , Tyrone L. Burleigh , Angela Gorman , Maria Prokofieva , Vasilis Stavropoulos

Gaming avatars can influence users’ attitudes and behaviors and manifest as the proteus effect. The present study examined proteus effect profiles among 571 gamers and their associations with disordered gaming and physical activity. Latent class analysis identified three profiles: non-influenced gamers, emotion-perception influenced gamers (highest proteus effect), and emotion-behavior influenced gamers (moderate proteus effect). The high proteus effect group exhibited significantly higher gaming disorder symptoms at baseline and 6 months compared to other profiles. Proteus effect profiles did not significantly differ in physical activity levels. However, higher disordered gaming and proteus effect predicted lower activity over time. The strong proteus effect group’s avatar immersion may increase gaming disorder risks. Minimal avatar influence for the non-influenced gamers appears protective. While proteus effect profiles do not directly relate to activity, amplified disordered gaming can reduce active lifestyles. Overall, findings demonstrate how avatars differentially affect gamers’ experiences and functioning through proteus-induced changes.

游戏头像会影响用户的态度和行为，并表现为 "普罗蒂斯效应"（proteus effect）。本研究调查了 571 名游戏玩家的保护神效应特征及其与无序游戏和体育锻炼的关系。潜类分析确定了三种情况：未受影响的游戏玩家、受情绪感知影响的游戏玩家（最高proteus效应）和受情绪行为影响的游戏玩家（中等proteus效应）。在基线和 6 个月时，高 Proteus 效应组的游戏障碍症状明显高于其他组别。在体育锻炼水平方面，蛋白体效应组没有明显差异。然而，较高的游戏障碍和蛋白体效应预示着较低的活动量。强proteus效应组的头像沉浸感可能会增加游戏障碍的风险。对未受影响的游戏者来说，头像的影响最小，似乎具有保护作用。虽然proteus效应与活动量没有直接关系，但无序游戏的扩大可能会减少活跃的生活方式。总之，研究结果表明，化身是如何通过蛋白体诱导的变化对游戏者的体验和功能产生不同影响的。

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引用次数: 0

Acceptability of heart rate-based remote monitoring of smoking status 基于心率的吸烟状况远程监测的可接受性

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100561

Matthew Mitnick , Shelby Goodwin , Mikaela Bubna , Justin S. White , Bethany R. Raiff

Introduction

Digital interventions present a scalable solution to overcome barriers to smoking cessation treatment, and changes in resting heart rate (HR) may offer a viable option for monitoring smoking status remotely. The goal of this study was to explore the acceptability of using smartphone cameras and activity trackers to measure heart rate for use in a smoking cessation intervention.

Methods

Participants (N=410), most of whom identified as female (75.8 %) with mean age 38.3 years (SD 11.4), were recruited via the Smoke Free app. They rated the perceived comfort, convenience, and likelihood of using smartphone cameras and wrist-worn devices for HR monitoring as an objective measure of smoking abstinence. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests assessed differences in acceptability across device types and whether the participant owned an activity tracker/smartwatch or smartphone.

Results

Participants reported high levels of acceptability for both HR monitoring methods, with activity trackers/smartwatches rated more favorably in terms of comfort, convenience, and likelihood of use compared to smartphone cameras. Participants indicated a statistically significantly greater likelihood of using the activity tracker/smartwatch over the smartphone camera. Participants viewed the activity tracker/smartwatch as more acceptable than the smartphone camera (87.0% vs 50.0%).

Conclusions

HR monitoring via smartphone cameras and wrist-worn devices was deemed acceptable among people interested in quitting smoking. Wrist-worn devices, in particular, were preferred, suggesting their potential as a scalable, user-friendly method for remotely monitoring smoking status. These findings support the need for further exploration and implementation of HR monitoring technology in smoking cessation research and interventions.

导言数字干预是克服戒烟治疗障碍的一种可扩展的解决方案，静息心率（HR）的变化可为远程监测吸烟状况提供一种可行的选择。本研究的目的是探讨在戒烟干预中使用智能手机摄像头和活动追踪器测量心率的可接受性。方法通过Smoke Free应用程序招募参与者（N=410），其中大部分为女性（75.8%），平均年龄38.3岁（SD 11.4）。他们对使用智能手机摄像头和腕戴式设备监测心率作为客观戒烟指标的舒适度、便利性和可能性进行了评分。Wilcoxon 符号秩检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验评估了不同设备类型接受度的差异，以及参与者是否拥有活动追踪器/智能手表或智能手机。结果参与者对两种心率监测方法的接受度都很高，与智能手机摄像头相比，活动追踪器/智能手表在舒适度、便利性和使用可能性方面的评分更高。据统计，参与者使用活动追踪器/智能手表的可能性明显高于智能手机摄像头。参与者认为活动追踪器/智能手表比智能手机摄像头更容易接受（87.0% 对 50.0%）。通过智能手机摄像头和腕戴式设备监测吸烟状况在有意戒烟的人群中被认为是可以接受的，尤其是腕戴式设备更受青睐，这表明它们有可能成为一种可扩展的、用户友好的远程监测吸烟状况的方法。这些发现支持了在戒烟研究和干预中进一步探索和实施心率监测技术的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Video slot machine use in adolescence: the role of self-efficacy beliefs, current and expected personal fulfillment at the social and educational level 青少年使用电子老虎机：自我效能信念、当前和预期的个人社会和教育成就感的作用

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2024.100560

Giansanto Mosconi , Joseph DelFerro , Andrea Jin , Paola Bertuccio , Anna Odone

Introduction

Video slot machines (VSMs), which are available on electronic gaming machines and online platforms, are widely recognized for their high potential to trigger harmful gambling behaviors. Yet, the psychological factors associated with VSM use among adolescents remain poorly investigated.

Methods

We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of current regular (at least monthly) VSM use according to self-efficacy beliefs regarding everyday problem-solving ability, along with current and expected personal fulfillment at the social, and educational level among 7,959 Italian high school students aged 15–17.

Results

Current regular VSM use was reported by 108 students (1.4%). Notably, this behavior was more frequently reported by those with either particularly high or low self-ratings in problem-solving ability, current and expected social fulfillment, as well as by those with lower self-ratings in both current and expected educational/work fulfillment.

Conclusions

These findings underscore that during adolescence, gambling behaviors are associated with diverse psychological profiles, each entailing distinct vulnerabilities. Effectively addressing adolescent gambling necessitates a comprehensive approach, with a strong emphasis on educational support. Given the increasing challenges in curbing underage exposure and access to the most harmful gambling formats, this study offers valuable insights for the design of health promotion and prevention strategies.

导言在电子游戏机和网络平台上提供的视频老虎机（VSM）被广泛认为极有可能引发有害的赌博行为。方法我们根据7959名15-17岁意大利高中生对日常解决问题能力的自我效能信念，以及当前和预期个人在社会和教育层面的成就感，估算了当前经常（至少每月一次）使用VSM的调整赔率比（OR）和相应的95%置信区间（CI）。值得注意的是，在问题解决能力、当前和预期的社会成就感方面自我评分特别高或特别低的学生，以及在当前和预期的教育/工作成就感方面自我评分较低的学生，更经常报告这种行为。要有效解决青少年赌博问题，就必须采取综合方法，重点强调教育支持。鉴于遏制未成年人接触和接触最有害的赌博形式面临越来越多的挑战，本研究为设计健康促进和预防策略提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0