Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.006.17323
H. Bru
Seleucos I and the Cult of Zeus Nikatôr In order to study the cult of Zeus Nikatôr, six Greek inscriptions (one from northern Syria and five from southern Anatolia) are gathered and commented. The origin, the diffusion and the longevity of the cult are evoked, since it was vivid until the IIIrd century A.D. in the eastern Mediterranean, mainly in southern Taurus (Pamphylia, Lycia, Pisidia and Phrygia Paroreios). Accordingly, also in connection with onomastics and numismatics, the Seleucid memory and the remembrance of Seleucos I are discussed, from Hellenistic times to the Roman Imperial period, and beyond.
{"title":"Séleukos Ier et le culte de Zeus Nikatôr","authors":"H. Bru","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.006.17323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.006.17323","url":null,"abstract":"Seleucos I and the Cult of Zeus Nikatôr\u0000\u0000In order to study the cult of Zeus Nikatôr, six Greek inscriptions (one from northern Syria and five from southern Anatolia) are gathered and commented. The origin, the diffusion and the longevity of the cult are evoked, since it was vivid until the IIIrd century A.D. in the eastern Mediterranean, mainly in southern Taurus (Pamphylia, Lycia, Pisidia and Phrygia Paroreios). Accordingly, also in connection with onomastics and numismatics, the Seleucid memory and the remembrance of Seleucos I are discussed, from Hellenistic times to the Roman Imperial period, and beyond.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48556623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/10.4467/20800909el.23.003.17320
E. Santagati
The Macedonian Kings and the Two Wreaths of Zeus This paper aims to investigate the reasons why, since the reign of Philip II, the “national” Zeus, venerated on Olympus and Dion and characterized by the oak crown, was abandoned in favor of the Olympian Zeus of Elis, characterized by the olive/oleaster wreath. We notice that while the members of the royal family display, in life and death, an oak wreath as an insignia of their kingship, and at the same time also as a symbol of their highest divinity, the kings themselves issue the image of the panhellenic god with an olive/laurel wreath on their coins.
{"title":"I re macedoni e le due corone di Zeus","authors":"E. Santagati","doi":"10.4467/10.4467/20800909el.23.003.17320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/10.4467/20800909el.23.003.17320","url":null,"abstract":"The Macedonian Kings and the Two Wreaths of Zeus\u0000\u0000This paper aims to investigate the reasons why, since the reign of Philip II, the “national” Zeus, venerated on Olympus and Dion and characterized by the oak crown, was abandoned in favor of the Olympian Zeus of Elis, characterized by the olive/oleaster wreath. We notice that while the members of the royal family display, in life and death, an oak wreath as an insignia of their kingship, and at the same time also as a symbol of their highest divinity, the kings themselves issue the image of the panhellenic god with an olive/laurel wreath on their coins.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48966547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.008.17325
Axel Filges
The interpretation of figures of deities on the reverse of the coins of Asia Minor cities of the imperial period is usually done in several steps. The deity is generally quickly determined. It is difficult, however, to establish the superior intention behind the depiction. Does the figure refer to a real cult statue of the emitting city, is the image ‘only’ a reference to a local cult or was it chosen to symbolise, for instance, political connections of cities? The essay brings together opinions from 140 years of international numismatic scholarship and thus offers an overview of the changing patterns of interpretation as well as their range in general. In the end, a more conscious approach to the figures of the gods on coins and a more reflective methodological approach are recommended.
{"title":"Cult Image or Decor? Options for the Interpretation of Deities on Provincial Coinage from Asia Minor in an Overview of Research History","authors":"Axel Filges","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.008.17325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.008.17325","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation of figures of deities on the reverse of the coins of Asia Minor cities of the imperial period is usually done in several steps. The deity is generally quickly determined. It is difficult, however, to establish the superior intention behind the depiction. Does the figure refer to a real cult statue of the emitting city, is the image ‘only’ a reference to a local cult or was it chosen to symbolise, for instance, political connections of cities?\u0000\u0000The essay brings together opinions from 140 years of international numismatic scholarship and thus offers an overview of the changing patterns of interpretation as well as their range in general. In the end, a more conscious approach to the figures of the gods on coins and a more reflective methodological approach are recommended.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41742711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.005.17322
Catharine C. Lorber
The paper provides a dossier of honors offered to Seleukid and Ptolemaic kings, preceded by a brief introduction.
这篇论文提供了塞琉基和托勒密国王的荣誉档案，之前有一个简短的介绍。
{"title":"Honoring the King in the Seleukid and Ptolemaic Empires: A Comparative Approach. Part 2","authors":"Catharine C. Lorber","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.005.17322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.005.17322","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides a dossier of honors offered to Seleukid and Ptolemaic kings, preceded by a brief introduction.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":"2675 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134933255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.002.17319
Ivo Topalilov
The article deals with the early history of the politeia Messambria Pontica through the prysm of the foundation myth and cult. The almost simultaneous establishment of the cult and myth to the historical founder and mythical eponumous hero-founder attested on the silver coinage of Messambria may refer to a certain need of a group of Messambrian society to present itself in a certain way at-home and abroad. The author elieves that this should be considered within the ethnic discourse between Ionians and Dorians.
{"title":"The Founder’s Cult in Messambria Pontica","authors":"Ivo Topalilov","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.002.17319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.002.17319","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the early history of the politeia Messambria Pontica through the prysm of the foundation myth and cult. The almost simultaneous establishment of the cult and myth to the historical founder and mythical eponumous hero-founder attested on the silver coinage of Messambria may refer to a certain need of a group of Messambrian society to present itself in a certain way at-home and abroad. The author elieves that this should be considered within the ethnic discourse between Ionians and Dorians.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43841340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.013.17330
M. Bowsky
Forty years after the publication of Sanders’ Roman Crete, a broader range of evidence for the imperial cult on Crete is available—temples and other structures, monumental architectural members, imperial altars, portraiture and statuary, coinage, statue and portrait bases, other inscriptions, priest and high priests, members and archons of the Panhellenion, and festivals—and far more places can now be identified as cities participating in the imperial cult. This evidence can be set into multiple Cretan contexts, beginning with the establishment and evolution of the imperial cult across Crete, before locating the imperial cult in the landscape of Roman Crete. The ultimate Cretan contexts are the role of emperor worship in the lives of the island’s population, as it was incorporated into Cretan religious and social systems.
{"title":"The Imperial Cult: A Cretan Perspective","authors":"M. Bowsky","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.013.17330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.013.17330","url":null,"abstract":"Forty years after the publication of Sanders’ Roman Crete, a broader range of evidence for the imperial cult on Crete is available—temples and other structures, monumental architectural members, imperial altars, portraiture and statuary, coinage, statue and portrait bases, other inscriptions, priest and high priests, members and archons of the Panhellenion, and festivals—and far more places can now be identified as cities participating in the imperial cult. This evidence can be set into multiple Cretan contexts, beginning with the establishment and evolution of the imperial cult across Crete, before locating the imperial cult in the landscape of Roman Crete. The ultimate Cretan contexts are the role of emperor worship in the lives of the island’s population, as it was incorporated into Cretan religious and social systems.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48363929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.009.17326
Anna Tatarkiewicz
The article addresses the issue of Mithraism in Ostia. It discusses the latest discoveries, the nature of the Mithra cult in Ostia, with particular emphasis on the place of Mithra’s shrines in the city space.
{"title":"In the Invisible Space – The Phenomemon of Crypts in Ostia","authors":"Anna Tatarkiewicz","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.009.17326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.009.17326","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the issue of Mithraism in Ostia. It discusses the latest discoveries, the nature of the Mithra cult in Ostia, with particular emphasis on the place of Mithra’s shrines in the city space.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43416782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.020.17337
E. Dąbrowa
Hannah M. Cotton, a renowned and prolific scholar of Roman Judaea and Arabia, made a name for herself in the scholarly community through publishing scores of seminal texts across decades. Cotton’s diverse output comprises case studies, analyses and critical editions of inscriptions and papyri, some of them in form of book chapters, many more in form of articles in respected scholarly journals. Since it is often difficult to access Cotton’s older works, Ofer Pogorelsky edited a recently published collection of 34 articles by H. M. Cotton. The collection divides into four thematic sections: A. Government, Power, and Jurisdiction (pp. 3–111) with six articles;1 B. Documents, Languages, and Law (pp. 115–271) with nine articles;2 C. Land, Army, and Administration (pp. 275–400) with ten articles;3 D. Law, Custom, and Provincial Life (pp. 403–546) with nine articles.4 This editorial di-
{"title":"Hannah M. Cotton, Roman Rule and Jewish Life: Collected Papers, ed. by O. Pogorelsky, (Studia Judaica –89), De Gruyter, Berlin–Boston 2022, pp. 607, ISBN 978-3-11-019144-8; ISSN 0585-5306","authors":"E. Dąbrowa","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.020.17337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.020.17337","url":null,"abstract":"Hannah M. Cotton, a renowned and prolific scholar of Roman Judaea and Arabia, made a name for herself in the scholarly community through publishing scores of seminal texts across decades. Cotton’s diverse output comprises case studies, analyses and critical editions of inscriptions and papyri, some of them in form of book chapters, many more in form of articles in respected scholarly journals. Since it is often difficult to access Cotton’s older works, Ofer Pogorelsky edited a recently published collection of 34 articles by H. M. Cotton. The collection divides into four thematic sections: A. Government, Power, and Jurisdiction (pp. 3–111) with six articles;1 B. Documents, Languages, and Law (pp. 115–271) with nine articles;2 C. Land, Army, and Administration (pp. 275–400) with ten articles;3 D. Law, Custom, and Provincial Life (pp. 403–546) with nine articles.4 This editorial di-","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45008956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.012.17329
C. Alarcón Hernández, Fernando Lozano Gómez
There are abundant examples of negative assessments of cultic honors to Roman emperors by nineteenth- and twentieth-century researchers. In the minds of historians raised in modern societies, in which monotheistic Abrahamic religions usually reign supreme, this is a completely understandable a priori approach; nevertheless, it hinders a correct understanding of Roman society in antiquity. This paper examines the need to provide a complex answer to the question of whether the inhabitants of the Roman world really believed in the divinity of their rulers. A complex answer to the question can only emerge from a historical contextualization of the phenomenon under analysis, an examination of the imperial cult within the wider changes that were taking place in Roman religion at the time, and application of the necessary empathetic approach.
{"title":"Hunc deum quis credet? Some Considerations on the Belief in the Divinity of Emperors","authors":"C. Alarcón Hernández, Fernando Lozano Gómez","doi":"10.4467/20800909el.23.012.17329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/20800909el.23.012.17329","url":null,"abstract":"There are abundant examples of negative assessments of cultic honors to Roman emperors by nineteenth- and twentieth-century researchers. In the minds of historians raised in modern societies, in which monotheistic Abrahamic religions usually reign supreme, this is a completely understandable a priori approach; nevertheless, it hinders a correct understanding of Roman society in antiquity. This paper examines the need to provide a complex answer to the question of whether the inhabitants of the Roman world really believed in the divinity of their rulers. A complex answer to the question can only emerge from a historical contextualization of the phenomenon under analysis, an examination of the imperial cult within the wider changes that were taking place in Roman religion at the time, and application of the necessary empathetic approach.","PeriodicalId":38045,"journal":{"name":"Electrum","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41627009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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