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Andrew Lawler, Under Jerusalem: The Buried History of the World’s Most Contested City, Doubleday, New York 2021, pp. 464, ill. + maps; ISBN 978-0-385-54685-0 Andrew Lawler,《耶路撒冷之下:世界上最具竞争力城市的埋葬历史》,Doubleday,纽约2021,第464页,插图+地图;ISBN 978-0-385-54685-0
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.022.17339
Chandler A. Collins
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引用次数: 0
I re macedoni e le due corone di Zeus 我是马其顿人,我是宙斯的守护神
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.23.003.17320
Elena Santagati
The Macedonian Kings and the Two Wreaths of Zeus This paper aims to investigate the reasons why, since the reign of Philip II, the “national” Zeus, venerated on Olympus and Dion and characterized by the oak crown, was abandoned in favor of the Olympian Zeus of Elis, characterized by the olive/oleaster wreath. We notice that while the members of the royal family display, in life and death, an oak wreath as an insignia of their kingship, and at the same time also as a symbol of their highest divinity, the kings themselves issue the image of the panhellenic god with an olive/laurel wreath on their coins.
本文旨在探究自腓力二世统治以来,被尊崇于奥林匹斯山和狄翁山、以橡树王冠为特征的“国民”宙斯为何被抛弃,取而代之的是以橄榄/橄榄花环为特征的伊利斯山宙斯。我们注意到,虽然王室成员在生与死中都展示了一个橡树花环,作为他们王权的标志,同时也作为他们最高神性的象征,但国王自己在硬币上发行了泛希腊神与橄榄/月桂花环的形象。
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引用次数: 0
Stefan Pfeiffer, Gregor Weber (eds.), Gesellschaftliche Spaltungen im Zeitalter des Hellenismus (4.–1. Jahrhundert v. Chr.), (Oriens et Occidens –35), Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2021, 222 pp.; ISBN 978-3-515-13079-0 Stefan Pfeiffer,Gregor Weber(编辑),希腊主义时代的社会分化(4-1。在公元前19世纪),(Oriens et Occidents–35),Franz Steiner Verlag,斯图加特,2021,222页;ISBN 978-3-515-13079-0
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.022.15792
E. Dąbrowa
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引用次数: 0
Pat Wheatley, Charlotte Dunn, Demetrius the Besieger, Oxford University Press, Oxford–New York 2020, 528 pp; ISBN 9780198836049 Pat Wheatley,Charlotte Dunn,《围攻者德米特里》,牛津大学出版社,牛津-纽约2020,528页;ISBN 9780198836049
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.021.15791
T. Zieliński
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引用次数: 0
Pierangelo Buongiorno, Giuseppe Camodeca (eds.), Die senatus consulta in den epigraphischen Quellen. Texte und Bezeugungen, (Acta Senatus, B: Studien und Materialien –9), Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2021, 458 pp.; ISBN 978-3-515-12604-5 文艺书籍上有临床消息文字和证据,(1947年,B:学习和材料9),弗兰茨·斯坦宁出版社,2021年,458页。书978-3-515-12604-5
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.028.15798
E. Dąbrowa
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引用次数: 0
Karl-Joachim Hölkeskamp, Sema Karataş, Roman Roth (eds.), Empire, Hegemony or Anarchy? Rome and Italy, 201–31 BCE, (Ancient History), Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2019, 259 pp., ISBN 978-3-515-11524-7 Karl Joachim Hölkeskamp,Sema Karataş,Roman Roth(编辑),帝国,霸权还是无政府?罗马和意大利,公元前201–31年,(古代史),Franz Steiner Verlag,斯图加特2019,259页,ISBN 978-3-515-11524-7
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.024.15794
Maciej Piegdoń
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引用次数: 0
Honoring the King in the Seleukid and Ptolemaic Empires: A Comparative Approach. Part 1 在塞琉基帝国和托勒密帝国向国王致敬:一种比较方法。第1部分
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.005.15775
C. Lorber
Cultic and other honors offered to rulers by their subjects unambiguously express loyalty to the rulers. Based on data collected for the Seleukid and Ptolemaic empires, a comparison is offered emphasizing the particular qualities of the Seleukid record. The comparison considers geographic distribution, where the honors fell on a public to private spectrum, the occupations and ethnicities of the subjects who offered honors individually, the intensity of these practices, and changes in the patterns over time. We know in advance that honors for the rulers are weakly attested for the Seleukid east, and even in Koile Syria and Phoinike. Should this reticence be interpreted as a possible indication of tepid support for Seleukid rule in these regions? Alternative explanations or contributing factors include preexisting cultural habits, different royal policies, destruction of evidence by wars and natural disasters, and the unevenness of archaeological exploration.
臣民向统治者提供的崇拜和其他荣誉明确表达了对统治者的忠诚。根据收集的Seleukid和托勒密帝国的数据,本文提供了一个比较,强调Seleukid记录的特殊品质。比较考虑了地理分布(荣誉归属于公共和私人领域),个人授予荣誉的对象的职业和种族,这些实践的强度,以及随着时间的变化模式。我们事先知道,统治者的荣誉在Seleukid东部得不到充分证明,甚至在Koile叙利亚和Phoinike。这种沉默是否应该被解释为这些地区对Seleukid统治的不温不火的支持?其他解释或促成因素包括先前存在的文化习惯,不同的王室政策,战争和自然灾害对证据的破坏,以及考古勘探的不均匀。
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引用次数: 0
Judean Piracy, Judea and Parthia, and the Roman Annexation of Judea: The Evidence of Pompeius Trogus 犹太海盗,犹太和帕提亚,以及罗马对犹太的吞并:庞培特罗古斯的证据
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.009.15779
K. Atkinson
Pompey the Great’s 63 BCE conquest of the Jewish kingdom known as the Hasmonean State has traditionally been viewed as an inevitable event since the Roman Republic had long desired to annex the Middle Eastern nations. The prevailing consensus is that the Romans captured the Hasmonean state, removed its high-priest kings from power, and made its territory part of the Republic merely through military force. However, Justin’s Epitome of the Philippic Histories of Pompeius Trogus is a neglected source of new information for understanding relations between the Romans and the Jews at this time. Trogus’s brief account of this period alludes to a more specific reason, or at least, circumstance for Pompey’s conquest of Judea. His work contains evidence that the Jews were involved in piracy, of the type the Republic had commissioned Pompey to eradicate. In addition to this activity that adversely affected Roman commercial interests in the Mediterranean, the Jews were also involved with the Seleucid Empire and the Nabatean Arabs, both of whom had dealings with the Parthians. Piracy, coupled with Rome’s antagonism towards the Parthians, negatively impacted the Republic’s attitude towards the Jews. Considering the evidence from Trogus, Roman fears of Jewish piracy and Jewish links to the Republic’s Parthian enemies were not unfounded.
庞培大帝在公元前63年征服了被称为哈斯莫内国家的犹太王国,传统上被视为不可避免的事件,因为罗马共和国长期以来一直希望吞并中东国家。普遍的共识是,罗马人占领了哈斯莫内国家,剥夺了其大祭司国王的权力,并仅通过军事力量使其领土成为共和国的一部分。然而,贾斯廷的庞贝-特罗格斯菲律宾历史墓志是一个被忽视的新信息来源,用于理解此时罗马人和犹太人之间的关系。特罗格斯对这一时期的简要描述暗示了庞培征服朱迪亚的一个更具体的原因,或者至少是环境。他的作品包含了犹太人参与海盗活动的证据,这是共和国委托庞培铲除的类型。除了这一活动对罗马在地中海的商业利益产生了不利影响外,犹太人还参与了塞琉古帝国和纳巴特阿拉伯人的活动,他们都与帕提亚人有往来。海盗行为,加上罗马对帕提亚人的敌意,对共和国对犹太人的态度产生了负面影响。考虑到特罗格斯的证据,罗马人对犹太海盗的恐惧以及犹太人与共和国帕提亚敌人的联系并非没有根据。
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引用次数: 0
The God Pakeidas in Jerash – His Worship through Archaeological and Epgraphical Sources 杰拉什的帕凯达斯神——通过考古和Epgraphical来源对他的崇拜
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.014.15784
Aleksandra Kubiak-Schneider, A. Lichtenberger
The finds from the ancient city of Gerasa brought in 1930’two inscriptions dated to the second half of the 1st century CE which mention the deity called Pakeidas. The aim of this paper is to discuss Pakeidas and his relation to another god labelled Theos Arabikos worshipped in the same city. The authors make a broad Semitic overview on the etymology of the name Pakeidas looking at the West and East (Akkadian) Semitic evidence. The authors discuss the possible location of the temple dedicated to this god beneath the Cathedral. They also reexamine in the light of epigraphic sources in comparison to the Aramaic material from the Near East the function of archibomistai, cultic agents who served to this local god.
1930年在格拉萨古城发现的两幅铭文可追溯至公元1世纪下半叶,其中提到了名为Pakeidas的神。本文的目的是讨论Pakeidas以及他与在同一城市崇拜的另一个神Theos Arabikos的关系。作者从西闪族和东闪族(阿卡德语)的闪族证据出发,对Pakeidas这个名字的词源进行了广泛的闪族概述。作者讨论了在大教堂下面供奉这位神的神庙的可能位置。他们还根据铭文资料,与来自近东的阿拉姆语资料进行了比较,重新审视了为当地神服务的宗教代理人archibomistai的功能。
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引用次数: 0
,Lernen aus Niederlagen‘ und ,Schwächediskurse‘? Oder doch nur „aut vincere aut emori“? Bemerkungen zum komplexen Umgang Roms mit militärischen Niederlagen “从失败中学习”和“论弱点”?还是仅仅是“aut vincere aut emori”?罗马对军事失败的复杂处理评论
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.4467/20800909el.22.013.15783
O. Stoll
This article examines defeats and losses as phenomena of an ‘expanded military history’ of Roman History from the Republic to the Principate. It adopts a cultural historical perspective of the military historical phenomenon. “Patterns”and “strategies”are defined, that appear in the sources when dealing with Roman defeats, losses and losers (in particular the commanders or even the emperor himself). Above, the historiography of the Roman imperial period is exemplary examined to see what reasons, interpretations or explanations are given there for suffering a defeat and whether and how these are part of narrative strategies. Sometimes military catastrophes simply were concealed, belittled or reinterpreted. How Rome dealt with defeat tells something about Rome’s society and especially the elite: “Roman culture”or “Rome’s political culture” shaped the way how the military phenomenon of defeat was dealt with. Defeats could also be seen as chances for future victories, they were good for learning and examples for withstanding with the help of morale and disciplina. In the end Rome’s strategies in dealing with such catastrophic events of ‘military history’overall seem to paint the picture of Rome as a resilient socio-political and military system!
本文将失败和损失视为从共和国到君主国的罗马历史的“扩展军事史”现象。它采用了军事历史现象的文化历史视角。定义了“模式”和“策略”,这些模式和策略出现在处理罗马失败、损失和失败者(特别是指挥官甚至皇帝本人)时的来源中。上面,对罗马帝国时期的史学进行了典型的研究,以了解失败的原因、解释或解释,以及这些是否以及如何成为叙事策略的一部分。有时,军事灾难只是被掩盖、贬低或重新解释。罗马如何应对失败告诉了罗马社会,尤其是精英阶层的一些情况:“罗马文化”或“罗马政治文化”塑造了如何应对失败的军事现象。失败也可以被视为未来胜利的机会,它们有利于学习,也是在士气和纪律的帮助下顶住压力的榜样。最终,罗马应对此类“军事历史”灾难性事件的策略似乎将罗马描绘成一个有韧性的社会政治和军事体系!
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