Let X = {X1, X2, ..., XN} be a random vector that follows multivariate Gaussian distribution, i.e., X ∼ N (μ,Σ). Directly sampling from the multivariate Gaussian distribution may be challenging. This challenge can be mitigated with the re-parameterization trick. Let Z be a random vector that follows the standard multivariate Gaussian distribution, i.e., Z ∼ N (0, I), where I is the identity covariance matrix. We can easily prove that x = Lz +μ, where L is the lower triangle matrix resulted from Cholesky decomposition of Σ, i.e., Σ = LL . As Z follows standard multivariate Gaussian distribution, we can sample each element of Z independently, yielding a sample zs, based on which we obtain the corresponding sample for X as xs = Lzs + μ.
{"title":"Message","authors":"Dr. Sanjib Sinha","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1716600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716600","url":null,"abstract":"Let X = {X1, X2, ..., XN} be a random vector that follows multivariate Gaussian distribution, i.e., X ∼ N (μ,Σ). Directly sampling from the multivariate Gaussian distribution may be challenging. This challenge can be mitigated with the re-parameterization trick. Let Z be a random vector that follows the standard multivariate Gaussian distribution, i.e., Z ∼ N (0, I), where I is the identity covariance matrix. We can easily prove that x = Lz +μ, where L is the lower triangle matrix resulted from Cholesky decomposition of Σ, i.e., Σ = LL . As Z follows standard multivariate Gaussian distribution, we can sample each element of Z independently, yielding a sample zs, based on which we obtain the corresponding sample for X as xs = Lzs + μ.","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0040-1716600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45542007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajveer Singh, K. Chakravarty, Jitupam Baishya, M. Goyal, P. Kharbanda
Abstract Drug refractory epilepsy, defined as a failure of adequate trials of two (or more) tolerated, appropriately chosen, and appropriately used antiepileptic drug (AED) regimens (whether administered as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve freedom from seizures, affects approximately 30% of patients with new-onset epilepsy. Persistent epileptic seizures in these patients, in addition to having deleterious effects on health, are also associated with psychosocial, behavioral, cognitive, and financial consequences. Despite availability of several new drugs, response to therapy remains poor in most of drug refractory cases. Also despite several ongoing treatment trials, ideal combination of AEDs remains to be identified. Careful attention to ruling out alternative diagnoses, optimal selection of AEDs, rational use of combination therapy, as well as attention to patient-specific factors, such as poor compliance and drug abuse, remain cornerstone of therapy. In view of poor response to polytherapy, if possible, surgical intervention should be contemplated early. In future, development of new drugs with better efficacy and tolerability and minimal drug interactions, as well as better nonpharmacological therapeutic techniques, will help in managing these patients better.
{"title":"Management of Refractory Epilepsy","authors":"Rajveer Singh, K. Chakravarty, Jitupam Baishya, M. Goyal, P. Kharbanda","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1712777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712777","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drug refractory epilepsy, defined as a failure of adequate trials of two (or more) tolerated, appropriately chosen, and appropriately used antiepileptic drug (AED) regimens (whether administered as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve freedom from seizures, affects approximately 30% of patients with new-onset epilepsy. Persistent epileptic seizures in these patients, in addition to having deleterious effects on health, are also associated with psychosocial, behavioral, cognitive, and financial consequences. Despite availability of several new drugs, response to therapy remains poor in most of drug refractory cases. Also despite several ongoing treatment trials, ideal combination of AEDs remains to be identified. Careful attention to ruling out alternative diagnoses, optimal selection of AEDs, rational use of combination therapy, as well as attention to patient-specific factors, such as poor compliance and drug abuse, remain cornerstone of therapy. In view of poor response to polytherapy, if possible, surgical intervention should be contemplated early. In future, development of new drugs with better efficacy and tolerability and minimal drug interactions, as well as better nonpharmacological therapeutic techniques, will help in managing these patients better.","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0040-1712777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41601540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Infantile spasms remain the most challenging of the epileptic encephalopathies of childhood. Infantile spasms are classified as an epileptic encephalopathy, as the adverse cognitive and behavioral burden of the condition is out of proportion to the burden one would expect from the underlying etiology or the accompanying magnetic resonance imaging. The ictal and interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity is presumed to contribute to the progressive cerebral dysfunction. In many of these children, the underlying etiology also contributes to the severe mental subnormality and autistic behavior. Though it is the syndromic approach that guides the pediatric epileptologist, it is best to keep in mind that one syndrome may evolve into another in infancy and early childhood. A baby with Ohtahara syndrome may, after 2 to 7 months, begin to have spasms. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with its typical seizure types and EEG may evolve in a child with infantile spasms. The unique modalities used in the treatment of infantile spasms make early recognition important. It is, however, also of paramount importance to make an etiological diagnosis as the underlying etiology may be eminently treatable. The treating physician cannot abandon them as wholly “intractable” epilepsy. The excellent response to treatment in the few who just cannot be defined or accurately predicted drives the physician to exercise his brain. Use of the two well-accepted modalities of treatment; vigabatrin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone singly or in combination, oral steroids in high dose, ketogenic diet, the conventional antiepileptic medications, and strategies to target the basic cause have been tried out by various clinicians. Here, we have made an attempt to collate evidence and describe the progress in the management of infantile spasms.
{"title":"Management of Infantile Spasms: An Updated Review","authors":"M. Iype, K. Koshy","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1708562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708562","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Infantile spasms remain the most challenging of the epileptic encephalopathies of childhood. Infantile spasms are classified as an epileptic encephalopathy, as the adverse cognitive and behavioral burden of the condition is out of proportion to the burden one would expect from the underlying etiology or the accompanying magnetic resonance imaging. The ictal and interictal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity is presumed to contribute to the progressive cerebral dysfunction. In many of these children, the underlying etiology also contributes to the severe mental subnormality and autistic behavior. Though it is the syndromic approach that guides the pediatric epileptologist, it is best to keep in mind that one syndrome may evolve into another in infancy and early childhood. A baby with Ohtahara syndrome may, after 2 to 7 months, begin to have spasms. Lennox-Gastaut syndrome with its typical seizure types and EEG may evolve in a child with infantile spasms. The unique modalities used in the treatment of infantile spasms make early recognition important. It is, however, also of paramount importance to make an etiological diagnosis as the underlying etiology may be eminently treatable. The treating physician cannot abandon them as wholly “intractable” epilepsy. The excellent response to treatment in the few who just cannot be defined or accurately predicted drives the physician to exercise his brain. Use of the two well-accepted modalities of treatment; vigabatrin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone singly or in combination, oral steroids in high dose, ketogenic diet, the conventional antiepileptic medications, and strategies to target the basic cause have been tried out by various clinicians. Here, we have made an attempt to collate evidence and describe the progress in the management of infantile spasms.","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0040-1708562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48492923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Screening of Antiseizure Activity of Aryl Acetic Acid Compounds in Wistar Albino Rats by using PTZ and MES Tests","authors":"C. D., Karamthoti B., Kurra B.","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1694877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0039-1694877","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58113060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pushpa Balakrishnan, S. Hemalatha, Dinesh Nayak Shroff Keshav
Abstract Background Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by seizures and can lead to life-threatening consequences. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a diagnostic test used to analyze brain activity in various neurological conditions including epilepsy and interpreted by the clinician for appropriate diagnosis. However, the process of EEG analysis for diagnosis can be automated using machine learning algorithms (MLAs) to aid the clinician. The objective of the study was to test different algorithms that could be used for the detection of seizures. Materials and Methods Video EEG (vEEG) was collected from subjects diagnosed to have episodes of seizures. The epilepsy dataset thus obtained was subjected to empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the signal was decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The first five levels of decomposition were considered for analysis as per the established protocol. Statistical features such as interquartile range (IQR), entropy, and mean absolute deviation (MAD) were extracted from these IMFs. Results In this study, different MLAs such as nearest neighbor (NN), naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machines (SVMs) were used to distinguish between normal (interictal) and abnormal (ictal) states. The demonstrated accuracy rates were 97.32% for NN, 99.02% for NB, and 93.75% for SVM. Conclusion Based on this accuracy and sensitivity, it may be posited that the NB classifier provides significantly better results for the detection of abnormal signals indicating that MLA can detect the seizure with better accuracy.
{"title":"Detection of Startle-Type Epileptic Seizures using Machine Learning Technique","authors":"Pushpa Balakrishnan, S. Hemalatha, Dinesh Nayak Shroff Keshav","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1693072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693072","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by seizures and can lead to life-threatening consequences. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a diagnostic test used to analyze brain activity in various neurological conditions including epilepsy and interpreted by the clinician for appropriate diagnosis. However, the process of EEG analysis for diagnosis can be automated using machine learning algorithms (MLAs) to aid the clinician. The objective of the study was to test different algorithms that could be used for the detection of seizures. Materials and Methods Video EEG (vEEG) was collected from subjects diagnosed to have episodes of seizures. The epilepsy dataset thus obtained was subjected to empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and the signal was decomposed into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The first five levels of decomposition were considered for analysis as per the established protocol. Statistical features such as interquartile range (IQR), entropy, and mean absolute deviation (MAD) were extracted from these IMFs. Results In this study, different MLAs such as nearest neighbor (NN), naïve Bayes (NB), and support vector machines (SVMs) were used to distinguish between normal (interictal) and abnormal (ictal) states. The demonstrated accuracy rates were 97.32% for NN, 99.02% for NB, and 93.75% for SVM. Conclusion Based on this accuracy and sensitivity, it may be posited that the NB classifier provides significantly better results for the detection of abnormal signals indicating that MLA can detect the seizure with better accuracy.","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0039-1693072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48808807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Agarwal, S. Rajadhyaksha, K. Srivastava, V. Kulkarni
{"title":"Three Staged Epidemiological Survey of Pediatric Epilepsy in a Rural Suburb of Pune","authors":"E. Agarwal, S. Rajadhyaksha, K. Srivastava, V. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1694857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694857","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0039-1694857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48482539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activity of Propranolol by using Electrically Induced Animal Models","authors":"C. D., Karamthoti B., Kurra B.","doi":"10.1055/S-0039-1694876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0039-1694876","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/S-0039-1694876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45608834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"De Novo Mutations in TUBB2A Cause Infantile-Onset Epilepsy and Mental Retardation and Literature Review","authors":"Shuying Cai, Jinliang Li, Ye Wu, Yuwu Jiang","doi":"10.1055/S-0039-1694896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0039-1694896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/S-0039-1694896","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42420066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of propranolol in Wistar albino rats by maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model. study CPCSEA Healthy, adult Wistar albino rats of either sex 180 and 250 g were used for the study. The animals were procured from the central animal house and were acclimatized in the experimental laboratory for 7 days. The study consisted of three groups with six animals in each group. Group I: control (equivalent volume of normal saline, i.p.); group II: diphenylhydantoin (25 mg/kg BW, i.p.); group III: propranolol (i.p.). Anticonvulsant activity in Wistar albino rats was assessed by MES model. The data were expressed as median ± SE. Statistical significance among study groups was carried using Graph Pad Instat Software, by ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Results: In group II (standard) all animals were pro-tected by absence of THLE when compared with group I (control). Group II also exhibited significant decline in scores when compared with control group. Administration of propranolol in groups III also showed significant percent decline in THLE as well as scores when compared with group I. Percent decline in THLE and scores in group III were comparable to the group II. Conclusion: anticonvulsant activity in MES in rats. and test independent variables— tests associates and complex factors impact of on adherence to antiepileptic drugs in in the Methods: The setting of the study was provided by community care trial of home-based care delivered by primary health care workers versus routine clinic-based care. We studied the association between monthly pill counts and self-reported adherence questionnaire score with age, gen-der, religion, ethnic origin, education, occupation, monthly family income, and socioeconomic class. In addition, we cre-ated a dummy variable, which represented baseline scores for each subject. Results: There was considerable inter individual varia-tions on pill count and SRMS score. Overall, lag SRMS, religion, ethnic origin, and monthly family income determined adherence status. A steady increase in the proportion of people with appropriate pill count was observed in the home-based care group but not in the clinic-based care group. Conclusion: adherence varies consider-ably between individuals and is influenced by individual behavior. However, repeated adherence reinforcement by primary health care workers may lead to improvement in adherence.
应用最大电休克(MES)致癫痫模型评价心得安对Wistar白化大鼠的抗惊厥作用。研究采用健康成年Wistar白化大鼠，雌雄各180和250 g。动物从中心动物舍采购，在实验室内驯化7 d。该研究分为三组，每组6只动物。第一组:对照组(等量生理盐水，每日1次);II组:二苯肼(25mg /kg BW, i.p.);第三组:心得安。采用MES模型评价Wistar白化大鼠抗惊厥活性。数据用中位数±SE表示。使用Graph Pad Instat软件对各研究组间进行统计学意义分析，采用方差分析后进行Bonferroni事后检验。结果:与ⅰ组(对照组)相比，ⅱ组(标准组)无THLE保护。与对照组相比，第二组的得分也有明显下降。与第一组相比，第三组服用心得安也显示THLE和评分显著下降。第三组THLE和评分下降的百分比与第二组相当。结论:MES大鼠具有抗惊厥活性。并检验自变量——检验相关因素和复杂因素对抗癫痫药物依从性的影响。方法:本研究的环境由社区护理试验提供，由初级卫生保健工作者提供家庭护理与常规临床护理。我们研究了每月服药次数和自我报告依从性问卷得分与年龄、性别、宗教、种族、教育程度、职业、家庭月收入和社会经济阶层之间的关系。此外，我们创建了一个虚拟变量，表示每个受试者的基线分数。结果:个体间在药片数和SRMS评分上存在较大差异。总体而言，滞后SRMS、宗教、种族和家庭月收入决定了依从性状况。在以家庭为基础的护理组中，观察到服用适当药片数量的人的比例稳步增加，而在以诊所为基础的护理组中则没有。结论:依从性在个体之间有很大差异，并受个体行为的影响。然而，初级卫生保健工作者反复加强依从性可能导致依从性的改善。
{"title":"Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor σ (pPARσ) Agonists and Their Role on Epilepsy-Induced Seizures: An Experimental Evaluative Study","authors":"C. D., Karamthoti B., Kurra B.","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1694878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694878","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of propranolol in Wistar albino rats by maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model. study CPCSEA Healthy, adult Wistar albino rats of either sex 180 and 250 g were used for the study. The animals were procured from the central animal house and were acclimatized in the experimental laboratory for 7 days. The study consisted of three groups with six animals in each group. Group I: control (equivalent volume of normal saline, i.p.); group II: diphenylhydantoin (25 mg/kg BW, i.p.); group III: propranolol (i.p.). Anticonvulsant activity in Wistar albino rats was assessed by MES model. The data were expressed as median ± SE. Statistical significance among study groups was carried using Graph Pad Instat Software, by ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Results: In group II (standard) all animals were pro-tected by absence of THLE when compared with group I (control). Group II also exhibited significant decline in scores when compared with control group. Administration of propranolol in groups III also showed significant percent decline in THLE as well as scores when compared with group I. Percent decline in THLE and scores in group III were comparable to the group II. Conclusion: anticonvulsant activity in MES in rats. and test independent variables— tests associates and complex factors impact of on adherence to antiepileptic drugs in in the Methods: The setting of the study was provided by community care trial of home-based care delivered by primary health care workers versus routine clinic-based care. We studied the association between monthly pill counts and self-reported adherence questionnaire score with age, gen-der, religion, ethnic origin, education, occupation, monthly family income, and socioeconomic class. In addition, we cre-ated a dummy variable, which represented baseline scores for each subject. Results: There was considerable inter individual varia-tions on pill count and SRMS score. Overall, lag SRMS, religion, ethnic origin, and monthly family income determined adherence status. A steady increase in the proportion of people with appropriate pill count was observed in the home-based care group but not in the clinic-based care group. Conclusion: adherence varies consider-ably between individuals and is influenced by individual behavior. However, repeated adherence reinforcement by primary health care workers may lead to improvement in adherence.","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0039-1694878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58113069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of early childhood epilepsy severity scale (E-Chess) in classification and prognostication of children with west syndrome: A study from tertiary care pediatric neurology centre","authors":"S. Mishra, A. Mallick, G. Mohanty, N. Biswal","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1694895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38086,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Epilepsy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0039-1694895","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58113095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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