Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.d.mar.13.2.060.078
Dimitris Markou
The aim of the present study is to map spatial patterns related to noise pollution and the acoustic environment -in a broader context- in the urban area of Athens, Greece. The primary goal of this thesis is to present a comprehensive approach that combines elements of two basic methodologies related to acoustic environment studies: a) noise mapping and b) the soundscape approach. The main inputs are environmental noise measurements and perceptual sound source-related observations. The results feature three noise pollution maps (LAeq,30 sec, L10, and L90 indices) and three sound source maps which reflect the way in which the human ear perceives the presence of sounds. Additionally, the question of whether the spatial distribution of sound source dominance can be explained by the dispersion of environmental noise levels was examined using geographically weighted regressions (GWR). The GWR models showed that sound source-related observations are explained to a significant extent by all three indicators. Four important findings emerge from the analysis. Firstly, areas with high levels of noise pollution are characterized by high to moderate presence of technological and absence of anthropic and natural sounds. Secondly, regions, where there is a simultaneous presence of all sound sources, are characterized by moderate to low noise levels. Thirdly, the absence of technological sounds is observed in quiet areas. Finally, areas featuring a moderate presence of technological and natural sounds are mostly urban green spaces built-in proximity to the main road network.
{"title":"Exploring spatial patterns of environmental noise and perceived sound source dominance in urban areas. Case study: the city of Athens, Greece","authors":"Dimitris Markou","doi":"10.48088/ejg.d.mar.13.2.060.078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.d.mar.13.2.060.078","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study is to map spatial patterns related to noise pollution and the acoustic environment -in a broader context- in the urban area of Athens, Greece. The primary goal of this thesis is to present a comprehensive approach that combines elements of two basic methodologies related to acoustic environment studies: a) noise mapping and b) the soundscape approach. The main inputs are environmental noise measurements and perceptual sound source-related observations. The results feature three noise pollution maps (LAeq,30 sec, L10, and L90 indices) and three sound source maps which reflect the way in which the human ear perceives the presence of sounds. Additionally, the question of whether the spatial distribution of sound source dominance can be explained by the dispersion of environmental noise levels was examined using geographically weighted regressions (GWR). The GWR models showed that sound source-related observations are explained to a significant extent by all three indicators. Four important findings emerge from the analysis. Firstly, areas with high levels of noise pollution are characterized by high to moderate presence of technological and absence of anthropic and natural sounds. Secondly, regions, where there is a simultaneous presence of all sound sources, are characterized by moderate to low noise levels. Thirdly, the absence of technological sounds is observed in quiet areas. Finally, areas featuring a moderate presence of technological and natural sounds are mostly urban green spaces built-in proximity to the main road network.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46621990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.i.mar.13.2.44.59
Ioannis Marakakis, A. Siolas, Thomas N. Chatzichristos
Town centres have been analysed by researchers according to the specific parameters of their studies such as concentration cores of economic activity or on the basis of social and demographic attributes, diversity of land uses, etc. However, it is the synthesis of all centre’s characteristics that most completely define it. Moreover, in Greece, there is no sufficient statistical information available concerning town centres and it is necessary to create such data in order to improve their monitoring, control and planning. In order to apply this information, the boundary of town centre has to be set. This paper envisages in the definition of a town centre, the creation of a “Town Centricity Model” and the development and implementation of a consistent methodology resulting to its delimitation. After survey, analysis and evaluation of characteristics serving as centrality estimators, the most critical are deployed and the methodology is implemented. The latter concerns the design and creation of a geodatabase in a Geographic Information System (GIS) with features and attributes set to the spatial reference unit of a building block. The use of both vector and raster spatial analyses are addressed, the most representative qualitative methods are surveyed and weighting factors with the use of Delphi method are assigned. The pilot study of the aforementioned methodology is implemented in a case study area located in the municipality of Athens in Greece, resulting to the delimitation of its centre. The results are presented and ongoing future research is further discussed.
{"title":"Town Centricity Model – Delimiting the center of Athens, Greece","authors":"Ioannis Marakakis, A. Siolas, Thomas N. Chatzichristos","doi":"10.48088/ejg.i.mar.13.2.44.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.i.mar.13.2.44.59","url":null,"abstract":"Town centres have been analysed by researchers according to the specific parameters of their studies such as concentration cores of economic activity or on the basis of social and demographic attributes, diversity of land uses, etc. However, it is the synthesis of all centre’s characteristics that most completely define it. Moreover, in Greece, there is no sufficient statistical information available concerning town centres and it is necessary to create such data in order to improve their monitoring, control and planning. In order to apply this information, the boundary of town centre has to be set. This paper envisages in the definition of a town centre, the creation of a “Town Centricity Model” and the development and implementation of a consistent methodology resulting to its delimitation. After survey, analysis and evaluation of characteristics serving as centrality estimators, the most critical are deployed and the methodology is implemented. The latter concerns the design and creation of a geodatabase in a Geographic Information System (GIS) with features and attributes set to the spatial reference unit of a building block. The use of both vector and raster spatial analyses are addressed, the most representative qualitative methods are surveyed and weighting factors with the use of Delphi method are assigned. The pilot study of the aforementioned methodology is implemented in a case study area located in the municipality of Athens in Greece, resulting to the delimitation of its centre. The results are presented and ongoing future research is further discussed.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49497999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.a.lag.13.2.001.026
Apostolos Lagarias, Ioannis ZACHARAKIS1, A. Stratigea
Escalating urban development in coastal zones is currently noticed in many regions around the globe, leading to unsustainable future pathways. This, among others, accounts for: land and marine ecosystems’ degradation; higher vulnerability to Climate Change impacts; and a largely uneven urban network pattern, raising issues of the ‘coastal vs mainland’ divide that hampers a balanced regional development. This holds true in the case study explored in this work, namely Regional Unit of Corinthia, Region of Peloponnese, Greece. This area, despite its natural and cultural assets and critical location as a transportation node in close proximity to Athens, displays certain spatial imbalances as to the coastal and hinterland urban expansion pattern that are linked also to developmental ones. Monitoring urban development by use of multi-temporal data for built-up areas can advocate the identification/assessment of important spatial dimensions of the aforementioned problems; and guide evidence-based policy decisions. Along these lines, this paper elaborates on the development of a methodology in response to the research question of quantifying urban development trends and assessing the “coastal vs hinterland” divide. This methodology is grounded in high-resolution multi-temporal data processing for built-up areas, provided by the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL); and the estimation of a Coastal vs Hinterland divide Index (CHI). Results highlight the criticality of coastal urban development and the need for an integrated policy, re-directing developmental impulses towards the less privileged hinterland urban constellations; while supporting endogenous development of territorial assets, in order for a more balanced and sustainable urban settlements’ model to emerge.
{"title":"Assessing the coastal vs hinterland divide by use of multitemporal data: Case study in Corinthia, Greece","authors":"Apostolos Lagarias, Ioannis ZACHARAKIS1, A. Stratigea","doi":"10.48088/ejg.a.lag.13.2.001.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.a.lag.13.2.001.026","url":null,"abstract":"Escalating urban development in coastal zones is currently noticed in many regions around the globe, leading to unsustainable future pathways. This, among others, accounts for: land and marine ecosystems’ degradation; higher vulnerability to Climate Change impacts; and a largely uneven urban network pattern, raising issues of the ‘coastal vs mainland’ divide that hampers a balanced regional development. This holds true in the case study explored in this work, namely Regional Unit of Corinthia, Region of Peloponnese, Greece. This area, despite its natural and cultural assets and critical location as a transportation node in close proximity to Athens, displays certain spatial imbalances as to the coastal and hinterland urban expansion pattern that are linked also to developmental ones. Monitoring urban development by use of multi-temporal data for built-up areas can advocate the identification/assessment of important spatial dimensions of the aforementioned problems; and guide evidence-based policy decisions. Along these lines, this paper elaborates on the development of a methodology in response to the research question of quantifying urban development trends and assessing the “coastal vs hinterland” divide. This methodology is grounded in high-resolution multi-temporal data processing for built-up areas, provided by the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL); and the estimation of a Coastal vs Hinterland divide Index (CHI). Results highlight the criticality of coastal urban development and the need for an integrated policy, re-directing developmental impulses towards the less privileged hinterland urban constellations; while supporting endogenous development of territorial assets, in order for a more balanced and sustainable urban settlements’ model to emerge.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49529813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.a.dal.13.2.108.126
Alkistis Dalkavouki
The discourse of economic development through culture and its applications have increasingly received more attention in geographic academia. However, there has been little insight into how the breakthroughs and paradigms of more successful experiments could be sensitively and carefully used for the benefit of less experiences areas. This paper presents an attempt to rectify this, by proposing the use of tangible data from the United States, a country with extensive experience in cultural development and governance. It presents a piece of that research, in the form of a trial methodology for assessing significant clusters of cultural development and identifying their causes. After briefly overviewing the development of the theory of cultural development and defining some basic terms –artists and their definition for quantitative research, (creative) clusters, and creative cities–, a methodology will be proposed and showcased. It will depend on exploratory spatial analysis and the concept of the “artistic dividend”, a method of more directly measuring artists’ contributions to their local economies by counting their numbers and aggregating their income. Data will be taken from the American Community Survey for its thematic and spatial detail, with visual artists being used as an example category. The decennial evolution of clusters will also be inspected and displayed. Finally, the methodology’s further applications, possible evolutions (use of further literature review and regression methods for discovering factors) and distilled focus (improvements by qualitative methods) will be assessed, for its implementation in the final thesis.
{"title":"Towards a methodology for the assessment of culture-derived spatial economic development: The case of visual artists in the United States","authors":"Alkistis Dalkavouki","doi":"10.48088/ejg.a.dal.13.2.108.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.a.dal.13.2.108.126","url":null,"abstract":"The discourse of economic development through culture and its applications have increasingly received more attention in geographic academia. However, there has been little insight into how the breakthroughs and paradigms of more successful experiments could be sensitively and carefully used for the benefit of less experiences areas. This paper presents an attempt to rectify this, by proposing the use of tangible data from the United States, a country with extensive experience in cultural development and governance. It presents a piece of that research, in the form of a trial methodology for assessing significant clusters of cultural development and identifying their causes. After briefly overviewing the development of the theory of cultural development and defining some basic terms –artists and their definition for quantitative research, (creative) clusters, and creative cities–, a methodology will be proposed and showcased. It will depend on exploratory spatial analysis and the concept of the “artistic dividend”, a method of more directly measuring artists’ contributions to their local economies by counting their numbers and aggregating their income. Data will be taken from the American Community Survey for its thematic and spatial detail, with visual artists being used as an example category. The decennial evolution of clusters will also be inspected and displayed. Finally, the methodology’s further applications, possible evolutions (use of further literature review and regression methods for discovering factors) and distilled focus (improvements by qualitative methods) will be assessed, for its implementation in the final thesis.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46746347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.i.cha.13.2.079.107
Ioanna Chatzikonstantinou, Stavroula Katsiampoura
The focus of this paper is the analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of commercial activities in the area of Exarchia-Neapoli, in Athens, during the last decade. A significant downturn during the financial crisis has left its mark on commerce along with all other sectors of the economy in Greece. However, there is poor geographical analysis up to this date, depicting the changes in spatial concentration and dispersion of shops, flourishing and decaying sectors and their spatial footprint. The main purpose of this study is to reveal these transformations in a central mixed-use neighborhood of Athens. The type of commercial activity of ground floor stores and offices in the area is recorded at three different points in time (2009, 2014, 2019). After the collection and categorization of data, spatial analysis was carried out using geostatistical indicators such as mean center and standard deviational ellipse and spatial patterns were determined through nearest neighbor analysis. Τhe analysis over space and time reveals trends and patterns of clustering and avoidance respectively, both within commercial uses and between different ones. Furthermore, their correlation with the centrality of the network (space syntax analysis) reveals not only proximity relationships, but also their strength and resilience over time. Finally, we discuss our findings in relation to the dynamics of commerce in the Exarchia area and propose scaled-up research opportunities.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of commercial activities in Exarchia-Neapoli area.","authors":"Ioanna Chatzikonstantinou, Stavroula Katsiampoura","doi":"10.48088/ejg.i.cha.13.2.079.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.i.cha.13.2.079.107","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this paper is the analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of commercial activities in the area of Exarchia-Neapoli, in Athens, during the last decade. A significant downturn during the financial crisis has left its mark on commerce along with all other sectors of the economy in Greece. However, there is poor geographical analysis up to this date, depicting the changes in spatial concentration and dispersion of shops, flourishing and decaying sectors and their spatial footprint. The main purpose of this study is to reveal these transformations in a central mixed-use neighborhood of Athens. The type of commercial activity of ground floor stores and offices in the area is recorded at three different points in time (2009, 2014, 2019). After the collection and categorization of data, spatial analysis was carried out using geostatistical indicators such as mean center and standard deviational ellipse and spatial patterns were determined through nearest neighbor analysis. Τhe analysis over space and time reveals trends and patterns of clustering and avoidance respectively, both within commercial uses and between different ones. Furthermore, their correlation with the centrality of the network (space syntax analysis) reveals not only proximity relationships, but also their strength and resilience over time. Finally, we discuss our findings in relation to the dynamics of commerce in the Exarchia area and propose scaled-up research opportunities.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44410770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.48088/ejg.a.bar.13.2.127.138
Alexandros Bartzokas-Tsiompras
Although pedestrian or car-free streets can powerfully produce multiple benefits for urban quality of life, sustainability, and public health very few studies have quantified and analysed their networks in cities all around the world. Given that, in this paper we use OpenStreetMap (OSM) data and integrate the EU and OECD definition of cities to create comparable global indicators concerning the length of pedestrian streets. Our methodology combines OSM data queries and spatial analysis techniques in R. Due to serious inconsistencies observed in other walking-related OSM annotations we use only the pedestrian tag. The results reveal a chasm in car-free development mainly between Southern and Western European cities and their peers in other continents. Since the latter further underlines clear differences in sustainable urban and transport planning cultures around the world, policy analysts and decision-makers can use these findings in order to support data-driven car-free urban planning and thus alleviate the detrimental effects of car traffic on the environment and human health.
{"title":"Utilizing OpenStreetMap data to measure and compare pedestrian street lengths in 992 cities around the world","authors":"Alexandros Bartzokas-Tsiompras","doi":"10.48088/ejg.a.bar.13.2.127.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.a.bar.13.2.127.138","url":null,"abstract":"Although pedestrian or car-free streets can powerfully produce multiple benefits for urban quality of life, sustainability, and public health very few studies have quantified and analysed their networks in cities all around the world. Given that, in this paper we use OpenStreetMap (OSM) data and integrate the EU and OECD definition of cities to create comparable global indicators concerning the length of pedestrian streets. Our methodology combines OSM data queries and spatial analysis techniques in R. Due to serious inconsistencies observed in other walking-related OSM annotations we use only the pedestrian tag. The results reveal a chasm in car-free development mainly between Southern and Western European cities and their peers in other continents. Since the latter further underlines clear differences in sustainable urban and transport planning cultures around the world, policy analysts and decision-makers can use these findings in order to support data-driven car-free urban planning and thus alleviate the detrimental effects of car traffic on the environment and human health.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47364265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.48088/ejg.d.bra.13.1.094.108
Daniel Brandt, Omar Alnyme, Tobias Heldt
Mobility planning in rural areas with a high number of tourists is important for creating sustainable destinations. By identifying mobility gaps in the transportation system, measures to improve the situation can be implemented. In order to identify such mobility gaps, decision-makers need a spatial decision support system (SDSS). The aim of this paper is to identify vital aspects of creating such an SDSS and to build a prototype. Two important aspects were identified, data and system design. The result of the analysis of available data shows a lack of data portals with disaggregated socio-economic and intra-destination travel data. Further, it shows that data on points of interest (POI) and public transit data are primarily found in company databases. The system design analysis showed that most SDSS today are relying on public data and are not designed to integrate disparate data sources. They are primarily developed to be used by experts. Based on these findings an SDSS that automatically integrates both public and private data was developed. It comprises of a self-hosted web mapping system and several geospatial tools. Our main conclusion is that both data and system design are important aspects to consider when building an SDSS for mobility planning. By using the architecture proposed in this article, new data can easily be incorporated in an SDSS. Furthermore, the system design also facilitates the involvement of stakeholders in the planning process.
{"title":"Building a spatial decision support system for tourism and infrastructure planning: technical solution and data integration challenges","authors":"Daniel Brandt, Omar Alnyme, Tobias Heldt","doi":"10.48088/ejg.d.bra.13.1.094.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.d.bra.13.1.094.108","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility planning in rural areas with a high number of tourists is important for creating sustainable destinations. By identifying mobility gaps in the transportation system, measures to improve the situation can be implemented. In order to identify such mobility gaps, decision-makers need a spatial decision support system (SDSS). The aim of this paper is to identify vital aspects of creating such an SDSS and to build a prototype. Two important aspects were identified, data and system design. The result of the analysis of available data shows a lack of data portals with disaggregated socio-economic and intra-destination travel data. Further, it shows that data on points of interest (POI) and public transit data are primarily found in company databases. The system design analysis showed that most SDSS today are relying on public data and are not designed to integrate disparate data sources. They are primarily developed to be used by experts. Based on these findings an SDSS that automatically integrates both public and private data was developed. It comprises of a self-hosted web mapping system and several geospatial tools. Our main conclusion is that both data and system design are important aspects to consider when building an SDSS for mobility planning. By using the architecture proposed in this article, new data can easily be incorporated in an SDSS. Furthermore, the system design also facilitates the involvement of stakeholders in the planning process.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43799156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.48088/ejg.y.mei.13.1.69.93
Yuyao Mei, Ilse van Liempt
Since the late 1990s, the symbolic economy was coined to describe the economy based on cultural production and consumption. Chinatowns are a typical representation of this new consumption-based economy in which symbols play an important role. The existence of a Chinatown has helped metropolises to label themselves as global and diverse cities but Chinatowns do not always meet the gazers’ expectations on its cultural and aesthetic features. Moreover, they rework the concept of Chineseness to achieve the goal of city officials’ ideas of an ‘ideal’ Chinatown. This article deconstructs the intangible and ambiguous aspects around the concept of Chineseness through a geosemiotic lens. By analysing the linguistic landscape and paying additional attention to socio-spatial interactions around signs, this research makes a contribution to the field of Chinatown studies. Moreover, as a comparative empirical study of the Chinatowns of Amsterdam and The Hague, it also contributes to insights into multilingual Chinatowns in a field that is dominated by Chinese and English only. This helps to reveal the functioning and hierarchy of languages and the additional complexity of multiculturalism.
{"title":"The construction of Chineseness in the Chinatowns of the Hague and Amsterdam.","authors":"Yuyao Mei, Ilse van Liempt","doi":"10.48088/ejg.y.mei.13.1.69.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.y.mei.13.1.69.93","url":null,"abstract":"Since the late 1990s, the symbolic economy was coined to describe the economy based on cultural production and consumption. Chinatowns are a typical representation of this new consumption-based economy in which symbols play an important role. The existence of a Chinatown has helped metropolises to label themselves as global and diverse cities but Chinatowns do not always meet the gazers’ expectations on its cultural and aesthetic features. Moreover, they rework the concept of Chineseness to achieve the goal of city officials’ ideas of an ‘ideal’ Chinatown. This article deconstructs the intangible and ambiguous aspects around the concept of Chineseness through a geosemiotic lens. By analysing the linguistic landscape and paying additional attention to socio-spatial interactions around signs, this research makes a contribution to the field of Chinatown studies. Moreover, as a comparative empirical study of the Chinatowns of Amsterdam and The Hague, it also contributes to insights into multilingual Chinatowns in a field that is dominated by Chinese and English only. This helps to reveal the functioning and hierarchy of languages and the additional complexity of multiculturalism.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43393229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-13DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.10.22272221
T. Wieland
In order to quantify the impact of the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have estimated excess mortality rather than infections or COVID-19-related deaths. The current study investigates excess mortality in Germany in 2020 at a small-scale spatial level (400 counties) and under consideration of demographic changes. Mortality is operationalized using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), visualized on maps, and analyzed descriptively. Regional mortality and COVID- 19-related morbidity are tested for spatial dependence by the Moran's I index. It is, furthermore, tested whether all-cause mortality is associated with COVID-19-related morbidity by correlation coefficients. Excess mortality only occurrs in a minority of counties. There are large regional disparities of all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related morbidity. In older age groups, both indicators show spatial dependence. (Excess) mortality in older age groups is impacted by COVID-19, but this association is not found for young and middle sge groups.
{"title":"Spatial patterns of excess mortality in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany","authors":"T. Wieland","doi":"10.1101/2022.03.10.22272221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.10.22272221","url":null,"abstract":"In order to quantify the impact of the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have estimated excess mortality rather than infections or COVID-19-related deaths. The current study investigates excess mortality in Germany in 2020 at a small-scale spatial level (400 counties) and under consideration of demographic changes. Mortality is operationalized using standardized mortality ratios (SMRs), visualized on maps, and analyzed descriptively. Regional mortality and COVID- 19-related morbidity are tested for spatial dependence by the Moran's I index. It is, furthermore, tested whether all-cause mortality is associated with COVID-19-related morbidity by correlation coefficients. Excess mortality only occurrs in a minority of counties. There are large regional disparities of all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related morbidity. In older age groups, both indicators show spatial dependence. (Excess) mortality in older age groups is impacted by COVID-19, but this association is not found for young and middle sge groups.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46923569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.48088/ejg.d.gar.13.1.47.68
Danilo Garofalo, Marcos Ferreira
One of the main problems associated with the analysis of water quality parameters (WQPs) in developing countries is the low number of sampling sites in small watersheds. One of the strategies used to solve this problem involves estimating WQPs based on the extrapolation of measurements carried out in other basins using regionalization methods associated with landscape characteristics. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the associations between landscape characteristics and WQPs and to propose a methodology for the regionalization of WQPs based on landscape characteristic data obtained from basins where WQP data were sampled. The study area was the upper Piracicaba-Jaguari River basin located in south-western Brazil. The methodology was based on a survey of 27 environmental variables and 12 water quality parameters in 44 small sub-basins. The non-parametric k-nearest neighbour regression (K-NNR) algorithm was used to estimate the WQP values for the small sub-basins that lacked data. The results showed that the landscape characteristics of the studied sub-basins related to land use and cover significantly influenced the WQPs. The mapped regions showed significant differences among the total dissolved solids, chloride, electric conductivity, pH, salinity, resistivity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrate parameter values.
{"title":"Regionalization of water quality parameters based on the landscape characteristics of small ungauged basins: a study carried out in south-eastern Brazil","authors":"Danilo Garofalo, Marcos Ferreira","doi":"10.48088/ejg.d.gar.13.1.47.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48088/ejg.d.gar.13.1.47.68","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main problems associated with the analysis of water quality parameters (WQPs) in developing countries is the low number of sampling sites in small watersheds. One of the strategies used to solve this problem involves estimating WQPs based on the extrapolation of measurements carried out in other basins using regionalization methods associated with landscape characteristics. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the associations between landscape characteristics and WQPs and to propose a methodology for the regionalization of WQPs based on landscape characteristic data obtained from basins where WQP data were sampled. The study area was the upper Piracicaba-Jaguari River basin located in south-western Brazil. The methodology was based on a survey of 27 environmental variables and 12 water quality parameters in 44 small sub-basins. The non-parametric k-nearest neighbour regression (K-NNR) algorithm was used to estimate the WQP values for the small sub-basins that lacked data. The results showed that the landscape characteristics of the studied sub-basins related to land use and cover significantly influenced the WQPs. The mapped regions showed significant differences among the total dissolved solids, chloride, electric conductivity, pH, salinity, resistivity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrate parameter values.","PeriodicalId":38156,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Geography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42095499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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