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What is the Role of Science in Post-Socialist Education and Society? Insights from a Survey of Preschool Teachers from Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia 科学在后社会主义教育和社会中的角色是什么?对克罗地亚、塞尔维亚和斯洛文尼亚幼儿园教师的调查
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1554
Željka Ivković Hodžić, Lidija Vujičić, Željko Boneta
The paper presents the results of a survey conducted among preschool teachers in Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia, the aim of which was to investigate the attitudes of the participants towards the role of science in education and society. Recent global trends in economic development have introduced new educational concepts in national curricula worldwide, one of which is scientific literacy. Preschool teachers have been encouraged to introduce scientific activities with children into their practice and adopt a new outlook on the role of the natural sciences in education. Social change within the post-socialist context implied that adopting the new outlook required a value shift for all members of the education community. We therefore wanted to explore whether this process was actually taking place, and whether it was impacting the perception of science amongst preschool teachers. We applied Inglehart’s modernisation theory of materialist and postmaterialist values. The results showed that preschool teachers in all three countries were inclined to a postmaterialist view of science, but that it was possible to distinguish between two value-orientations, which we named “post-materialism” and the “materialist image of the child”. Older teachers accepted the “materialist image of the child” more than younger teachers, confirming a certain intergenerational value change, which we have interpreted as a shift from a collectivist to an individualistic approach to education.
本文介绍了在克罗地亚、塞尔维亚和斯洛文尼亚的学前教师中进行的一项调查的结果,该调查的目的是调查参与者对科学在教育和社会中的作用的态度。近年来全球经济发展的趋势为世界各国的国家课程引入了新的教育理念,科学素养就是其中之一。鼓励幼儿教师在实践中开展与幼儿的科学活动,对自然科学在教育中的作用形成新的认识。后社会主义背景下的社会变革意味着,接受新的观点需要教育界所有成员的价值观转变。因此,我们想探索这个过程是否真的发生了,以及它是否影响了幼儿园教师对科学的看法。我们运用英格尔哈特关于唯物主义和后唯物主义价值观的现代化理论。结果表明,三个国家的幼儿教师都倾向于后唯物主义科学观,但可以区分两种价值取向,我们将其命名为“后唯物主义”和“儿童的唯物主义形象”。年长的老师比年轻的老师更能接受“孩子的唯物主义形象”,这证实了某种代际价值观的变化,我们将其解释为从集体主义到个人主义的教育方式的转变。
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引用次数: 0
The Role and Effect of Profanity in Children’s Literature 亵渎在儿童文学中的作用与影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1584
Sabina Višček
The controversy about using inappropriate language in children’s literature is constantly debated and repeatedly attracts the attention of the public. In Slovenia, this happened when the novel Na zeleno vejo by Andrej Predin was assigned as the text for the Cankar competition, a Slovenian language competition. Several reading mentors and other readers, specifically adults, were bothered by its use of profanity and vulgar phrases. However, no literature is immune from the use of profanity and cursing, not even children’s literature. As seen in various picture books and short illustrated stories, there are instances of adults, children, and even animals using profanity. Through the analysis, synthesis, and comparative method of mostly modern literary Slovenian texts, suitable for the first six years of Slovenia’s nine-year primary school, it was found that profanity and expletives are stylistically and semantically diverse, and their pragmatic nature must be considered. It was established that, in most cases, profanity and insults are justifiably placed in Slovenian literary works for children. Most often, they appear as a motif; less often, they are used as the central theme (or motif) in the text. A significant role is played by the reading mentor, who must alert the readers to the function of profanity in the text.
关于儿童文学中使用不当语言的争论不断,并一再引起公众的关注。在斯洛文尼亚,安德烈·普雷丁(Andrej Predin)的小说《Na zeleno vejo》被指定为Cankar比赛的文本,这是斯洛文尼亚的一项语言比赛。一些阅读导师和其他读者,特别是成年人,对它使用的亵渎和粗俗的短语感到困扰。然而,没有一种文学可以避免使用亵渎和诅咒,即使是儿童文学。从各种图画书和短篇插图故事中可以看到,成人、儿童甚至动物都在使用脏话。通过对斯洛文尼亚九年制小学前六年的大部分现代文学文本的分析、综合和比较方法,发现脏话和咒骂在文体和语义上是多样的,必须考虑它们的语用性质。经确定,在大多数情况下,斯洛文尼亚儿童文学作品中都有亵渎和侮辱的内容。大多数情况下,它们是作为主题出现的;它们很少被用作文本的中心主题(或主题)。阅读导师扮演着重要的角色,他必须提醒读者注意亵渎语在文本中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Rural Teacher Competencies: An International Comparative Study on the Territorial Dimension of Rural Schools 乡村教师胜任力:乡村学校地域维度的国际比较研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1542
Juan Lorenzo Lacruz, Francesc Buscá Donet, Pilar Abós Olivares
This article presents the results of a descriptive study carried out within the framework of the FOPROMAR project, obtained after administering a questionnaire regarding competences related to the territorial dimension of rural schools among teachers working in rural schools in Spain (Aragon and Catalonia), France (Aquitaine) and Portugal (Alto Alentejo). The questionnaire included three parts (professional profile, competences on the territorial dimension of the school and knowledge about the territory), but only the results referring to the competences section are presented, showing the level of relevance and the degree of mastery that teachers express in relation to these competences. According to the results, the competences with the greatest mastery are those referring to the design and development of programmes, followed by professional competences and school-community relations. This order is also found in the assessment carried out, indicating that they are more valued than mastered. One of the conclusions is the need to reinforce competences not included in training plans, but considered more necessary and important for working in rural schools.
本文介绍了在FOPROMAR项目框架内进行的一项描述性研究的结果,该研究是在对西班牙(阿拉贡和加泰罗尼亚)、法国(阿基坦)和葡萄牙(上阿连特霍)农村学校教师的地域能力进行问卷调查后获得的。问卷包括三个部分(专业概况、学校领域维度的能力和关于领域的知识),但只提供了涉及能力部分的结果,显示了教师对这些能力的相关性水平和掌握程度。结果显示,学生掌握程度最高的能力是与课程设计和开发相关的能力,其次是专业能力和学校与社区的关系。在进行的评估中也发现了这种顺序,表明它们更有价值而不是掌握。其中一个结论是,需要加强培训计划中没有包括但被认为对农村学校工作更为必要和重要的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Primary School Teachers’ Personal and Professional Beliefs on Diversity 小学教师对多元性的个人与专业信念
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1629
Željka Knežević
The paper presents research conducted among Croatian primary school classroom teachers and subject teachers regarding their personal and professional beliefs about diversity. The notion of diversity in the context of education was presented as individual differences between students based on race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, gender, abilities, sexual orientation and social class. The results indicate that teachers show different levels of openness towards certain aspects of diversity in the domains of both personal and professional beliefs, but that their personal beliefs are statistically more positive than their professional beliefs. Differences in teachers’ beliefs with respect to years of work experience, previous education and professional position were also examined. Statistically significant differences were established only regarding professional position and only in the segment of professional beliefs. The results indicate that there is a need for further research in this area, that is, research that primarily investigates the factors that influence teachers’ professional beliefs.
本文介绍了克罗地亚小学课堂教师和学科教师关于他们对多样性的个人和专业信念的研究。教育背景下的多样性概念是指学生之间基于种族、民族、宗教信仰、性别、能力、性取向和社会阶层的个体差异。结果表明,教师在个人信仰和职业信仰领域对多样性的某些方面表现出不同程度的开放,但他们的个人信仰在统计上比他们的职业信仰更积极。教师在工作经验、以前的教育和专业职位方面的信念差异也被调查。统计上的显著差异只存在于专业职位和专业信念部分。研究结果表明,这一领域还需要进一步的研究,即以教师专业信念的影响因素为主要研究对象。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering Supervisors Towards Responsible Research Conduct in Supervision via an Online Course: A Pilot Study 通过在线课程授权主管在监督中负责任的研究行为:一项试点研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1586
Mariëtte Van den Hoven, Miriam Van Loon
Supervision and mentoring are highly relevant aspects of research integrity. Codes of Conduct, such as the ALLEA code of conduct, stipulate the relevance of training researchers how to conduct research well and about the role supervision plays in preventing unacceptable research practices. The Dutch Code of Conduct, for example, explicitly states that universities are responsible for facilitating training about research integrity. We developed a course for supervisors to address their responsibility and role in training early career researchers in research integrity. This contribution describes what evidence base was used to design this course and how the course is experienced by supervisors who participated in its piloting in early 2022. A total of 147 subscribed to the course in the testing phase, and seventeen participants obtained a certificate. The main lessons from the experiences with this course and the literature are 1) to tailor supervisor courses to the small amounts of time that supervisors can schedule to take these courses and to adjust the content and assignments to their needs, 2) to make online courses very attractive, but that need to be combined with3) a face-to-face meeting to motivate them to finish the course in time and it might help to enable shared reflection by sharing personal experiences.
监督和指导是研究诚信高度相关的方面。行为准则,如ALLEA行为准则,规定了培训研究人员如何做好研究的相关性,以及监督在防止不可接受的研究实践中所起的作用。例如,《荷兰行为准则》(Dutch Code of Conduct)明确指出,大学有责任促进有关科研诚信的培训。我们为主管开发了一门课程,以说明他们在培训早期职业研究人员研究诚信方面的责任和作用。这篇文章描述了使用什么证据基础来设计这门课程,以及参与2022年初试点的主管如何体验这门课程。共有147人在测试阶段报名参加了该课程,其中17人获得了证书。从这门课程的经验和文献中得到的主要教训是:1)为导师量身定制课程,使导师可以安排少量的时间来学习这些课程,并根据他们的需要调整内容和作业;2)使在线课程非常有吸引力,但这需要与3)面对面的会议相结合,以激励他们及时完成课程,这可能有助于通过分享个人经验来实现共享反思。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Teaching Research Integrity 社论:科研诚信教学
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1759
Jurij Selan, Bert Theunissen, M. van den Hoven
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引用次数: 0
Perceptions of Students and Teachers of the University of Montenegro on Academic Integrity 黑山大学师生对学术诚信的看法
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1589
Sanja Čalović Nenezić, Milena Krtolica, Milica Jelić, Suzana Šekarić
At the University of Montenegro, increasing emphasis has recently been placed on academic integrity. Academic integrity is based on the principles of honesty, objectivity, openness, freedom in teaching and research, and responsibility to academia and society/the community. One of the basic principles of academic integrity is honesty. The present study is based on examining the perception of students and teachers of the University of Montenegro concerning different segments of academic honesty. The aim of the research was to examine ethical behaviour related to respect for someone else’s work (using and referring to literature) and copying as well as using illicit means in exams. The research was conducted using quantitative research on a sample of 200 students and 50 teachers at the University of Montenegro. For this purpose, the authors used a Likert-type assessment scale. The findings suggest that the respondents understand the importance of academic integrity, that is, honesty as its principle, but that they do not recognise all of the segments that it covers in the same way. For example, different answers were received regarding the claim that students copy papers without paraphrasing, and despite the observed negative attitude towards the disciplinary procedure in both groups, teachers seem to lead in this attitude.
在黑山大学,最近越来越强调学术诚信。学术诚信是建立在诚实、客观、公开、教学和研究自由以及对学术界和社会/社区负责的原则基础上的。学术诚信的基本原则之一是诚实。本研究是基于对黑山大学的学生和教师对学术诚信的不同部分的看法。这项研究的目的是检查与尊重他人的工作(使用和参考文献)、抄袭以及在考试中使用非法手段有关的道德行为。这项研究是通过对黑山大学200名学生和50名教师的定量研究进行的。为此,作者使用了李克特式评估量表。调查结果表明,受访者理解学术诚信的重要性,即以诚实为原则,但他们并没有以同样的方式认识到学术诚信所涵盖的所有领域。例如,关于学生抄袭论文而不转述的说法,收到了不同的答案,尽管观察到两组学生对纪律处分程序的消极态度,但教师似乎在这种态度上处于领先地位。
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引用次数: 0
Opinions of Montenegrin University Students and Teachers about Plagiarism and its Prevention 黑山高校师生对剽窃行为的看法及防范
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1570
Dijana Vučković, Sanja Peković, Rajka Đoković, Marijana Blečić, Jovana Janinović
This research paper aims to identify the opinions of university students and teachers about plagiarism and how to prevent it. We employed qualitative techniques, providing three case studies to participants and asking open-ended questions based on these cases. One hundred and forty-five people participated in this study, including bachelor, master, and doctoral students and university teachers. We performed a thematic analysis of the text received from the participants’ responses. The results show that the participants were serious about plagiarism if academic stakeholders commit it; however, they expressed a lenient attitude toward ghostwriters. They also felt there was a need to provide training in academic writing for them to feel confident about their writing and not copy from others. Some awareness sessions on academic integrity should also be conducted.
本研究论文旨在确定大学生和教师对抄袭的看法以及如何防止抄袭。我们采用定性技术,向参与者提供三个案例研究,并根据这些案例提出开放式问题。145人参与了这项研究,包括本科生、硕士、博士生和大学教师。我们对从参与者反馈中收到的文本进行了专题分析。研究结果表明,参与者对学术利益相关者的剽窃行为持严肃态度;然而,他们对代笔者表现出宽容的态度。他们还觉得有必要提供学术写作方面的培训,让他们对自己的写作有信心,而不是抄袭别人。还应该开展一些关于学术诚信的宣传活动。
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引用次数: 0
Developing and Validating the Competency Profile for Teaching and Learning Research Integrity 开发和验证教与学研究诚信的能力特征
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1618
Jurij Selan, Mira Metljak
Since research integrity is not external to research but an integral part of it, it should be integrated into research training. However, several hindrances regarding contemporary research integrity education exist. To address them, we have developed a competency profile for teaching and learning research integrity based on four assumptions: 1) to include all levels of study (BA, MA, and PhD); 2) to integrate research integrity into research education itself; 3) to address research integrity issues in context-specific practices; and 4) to pay particular attention to the ‘grey zone’ or questionable research practices. To assess the validity of the content of the competency profile and to determine if some adjustments to the profile are needed, we translated the competencies of the profile into items of a measurement instrument (a questionnaire) and conducted a survey amongst University of Ljubljana students that allowed us to 1) obtain information about students’ attitudes toward issues of integrity in research; 2) analyse differences in these attitudes among BA, MA, and PhD students; and 3) statistically validate the competency profile and suggest possible improvements. The results showed that 1) students are highly aware of research integrity issues, as scores were high on all items assessed. However, there were some deviations to lower scores, especially in relation to questionable research practises, confirming our assumption that the ‘grey zone’ issues are those that should be particularly addressed and given special attention in contemporary research integrity education. 2) The differences in the attitudes of BA, MA, and PhD students showed that higher-level students showed significantly more awareness of integrity issues than lower-level students did, suggesting that research integrity issues should be given special attention at the BA study level. 3) The measurement characteristics showed that the reliability of the questionnaire was very high, suggesting a good overall structure of the competency profile. The principal component analysis also confirmed the four-field structure of the Competency profile (Values and Principles, Research Practise, Publication and Dissemination, and Violations). However, the analysis also showed that the substructure of the four main areas of the profile did not fully match the results of the factor analysis, suggesting that the distribution of competencies in the competency profile could be reconsidered, especially in the area of Research Practice. The most recent developments in the field of research integrity also suggest that the competency profile should be updated with issues regarding the impact of artificial intelligence on research integrity.
既然科研诚信不是外部的,而是科研的一个组成部分,那么科研诚信就应该融入科研训练中。然而,当代科研诚信教育存在着一些障碍。为了解决这些问题,我们基于以下四个假设制定了教学和学习研究完整性的能力概况:1)包括所有级别的研究(学士、硕士和博士);2)将科研诚信融入科研教育本身;3)在具体实践中解决研究诚信问题;4)特别注意“灰色地带”或有问题的研究实践。为了评估胜任力简介内容的有效性,并确定是否需要对简介进行一些调整,我们将简介的胜任力转换为测量工具(问卷)的项目,并在卢布尔雅那大学的学生中进行了一项调查,使我们能够1)获得关于学生对研究诚信问题的态度的信息;2)分析学士、硕士和博士在这些态度上的差异;3)统计验证胜任力概况并提出可能的改进建议。结果显示:1)学生对研究诚信问题的意识很高,所有项目的得分都很高。然而,有一些偏差导致较低的分数,特别是与有问题的研究实践有关,这证实了我们的假设,即“灰色地带”问题是当代研究诚信教育中应该特别解决和给予特别关注的问题。2)学士、硕士、博士对诚信问题的态度差异表明,高水平学生对诚信问题的意识明显高于低水平学生,这表明在本科学习层面,科研诚信问题应得到特别重视。3)测量特征表明,问卷的信度很高,表明胜任力特征具有良好的整体结构。主成分分析也证实了能力特征的四个领域结构(价值观和原则、研究实践、出版和传播以及违规行为)。然而,分析还表明,四个主要领域的子结构与因子分析的结果并不完全匹配,这表明能力特征中的能力分布可以重新考虑,特别是在研究实践领域。研究诚信领域的最新发展也表明,应该在人工智能对研究诚信的影响方面更新能力概况。
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引用次数: 1
Nataša Hoić-Božić and Martina Holenko Dlab, Uvod u e-učenje: obrazovni izazovi digitalnog doba, Sveučilište u Rijeci, Odjel za informatiku, 2021; 215 pp.: ISBN 978-953-7720-53-7 Nataša Hoić-Božić and Martina Holenko Dlab, Uvod u e-učenje: obrazovni izazovi digitalnog doba (Introduction to e-learning: the challenges of the digital age), Sveučilište u Rijeci, Odjel za informatiku, 2021; 215 pp.: ISBN 978-953-7720-53-7
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1761
Alenka Žerovnik
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal
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