Rudolf Dvořak, one of the founding fathers of Czech Oriental studies, began his academic career as a student at the Faculty of Arts in Prague. In 1882 and 1883 he studied at the University of Leipzig, where he also successfully completed his dissertation. After finishing his studies, he continued his career at the Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague. He focused mainly mainly on the Chinese and Middle Eastern regions and translated many texts from these areas. Dvořak’s attitudes were under influence of patriotism and nationalism. This mindset, together with a focus on the study of Oriental studies, led Dvořak to Vojta Naprstek, who espoused the ideas of emancipation of the Czech nation and showed an interest in distant lands and cultures. The two men also shared the same attitude to science and scholarship in general. They wished to elevate Czech learning to a competitive level on the world stage and shared strong sense of patriotism. These two intellectuals were in active contact during Dvořak’s studies in Germany. Dvořak share his opinions, experiences and attractions from Leipzig and Munchen. In letters he described situation at university and information about its professors. This study brings an edition of these letters.
{"title":"Rudolf Dvořák’s Stay in Leipzig and Munich in the Light of Correspondence with Vojta Náprstek: a Selection of Documents","authors":"Ondřej Crhák","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2021.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2021.010","url":null,"abstract":"Rudolf Dvořak, one of the founding fathers of Czech Oriental studies, began his academic career as a student at the Faculty of Arts in Prague. In 1882 and 1883 he studied at the University of Leipzig, where he also successfully completed his dissertation. After finishing his studies, he continued his career at the Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague. He focused mainly mainly on the Chinese and Middle Eastern regions and translated many texts from these areas. Dvořak’s attitudes were under influence of patriotism and nationalism. This mindset, together with a focus on the study of Oriental studies, led Dvořak to Vojta Naprstek, who espoused the ideas of emancipation of the Czech nation and showed an interest in distant lands and cultures. The two men also shared the same attitude to science and scholarship in general. They wished to elevate Czech learning to a competitive level on the world stage and shared strong sense of patriotism. These two intellectuals were in active contact during Dvořak’s studies in Germany. Dvořak share his opinions, experiences and attractions from Leipzig and Munchen. In letters he described situation at university and information about its professors. This study brings an edition of these letters.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study deals with haircare, hair ornaments, hairstyles, and hairrelated rituals of the Southern Altaians (Altai Kizhi, Telengits) and their development over time. Haircare has played an important role in Altaian society for centuries. It has been a ritual symbol, an indicator of gender, age, marital or social status. In context, hair has played a significant cultural and social role across societies and historical periods around the world. For this reason, haircare has also been sometimes included among the so-called cultural or human universals, i.e. phenomena that are common to all known human cultures in time and space. The source of information for this study was the authors’ own field research, relevant literature and visual sources documenting the broader context of haircare. The issue is viewed from historical and cultural perspectives, with the main focus on the current haircare of the Altaian people in connection with changes compared to the past. The study focuses on selected phenomena that proved to be the most important in the field research in terms of their existence and the role they currently play in Altaian society. It does not therefore aim to cover the full breadth of the topic, but leaves room for further research on sub-topics.
{"title":"‘Dragging Seventy Little Plaits of Her Across the Land of the Altai’: Haircare, Hairstyles, and Hair Ornaments of the Southern Altaians from Historical and Cultural Perspectives","authors":"Tereza Hejzlarová, Martin Rychlík","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with haircare, hair ornaments, hairstyles, and hairrelated rituals of the Southern Altaians (Altai Kizhi, Telengits) and their development over time. Haircare has played an important role in Altaian society for centuries. It has been a ritual symbol, an indicator of gender, age, marital or social status. In context, hair has played a significant cultural and social role across societies and historical periods around the world. For this reason, haircare has also been sometimes included among the so-called cultural or human universals, i.e. phenomena that are common to all known human cultures in time and space. The source of information for this study was the authors’ own field research, relevant literature and visual sources documenting the broader context of haircare. The issue is viewed from historical and cultural perspectives, with the main focus on the current haircare of the Altaian people in connection with changes compared to the past. The study focuses on selected phenomena that proved to be the most important in the field research in terms of their existence and the role they currently play in Altaian society. It does not therefore aim to cover the full breadth of the topic, but leaves room for further research on sub-topics.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julius Nestler, high school teacher and amateur archaeologist from Prague, brought home more than 3,500 archaeological and anthropological artifacts from his expedition to Bolivia (1909–1912). At present they are in the possession of the Náprstek Museum in Prague. a smaller corpus of human bones, especially skulls, some deformed (elongated) and/or trepanned, were deposited at the Hrdlička Museum of Man (Charles University in Prague). Nestler’s second collection has not, so far, received much attention from anthropologists, museologists or historians of science, one of the reasons probably being the fact that there is no preserved documentation as to its provenance. Sources dispersed in several archives and publications made it possible to ascertain Nestler’s motivation for collecting human remains, the location where he collected them, and the circumstances of their sale to Charles University. The article also aspires to insert the collection and its original owner into the broader context of anatomical and anthropological disciplinary practices in the Czech Lands in the first decades of the 20th century.
{"title":"Skulls from Tiwanaku: A Forgotten Part of Nestler’s Collection in the Hrdlička Museum of Man in Prague","authors":"M. Křížová","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2021.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2021.002","url":null,"abstract":"Julius Nestler, high school teacher and amateur archaeologist from Prague, brought home more than 3,500 archaeological and anthropological artifacts from his expedition to Bolivia (1909–1912). At present they are in the possession of the Náprstek Museum in Prague. a smaller corpus of human bones, especially skulls, some deformed (elongated) and/or trepanned, were deposited at the Hrdlička Museum of Man (Charles University in Prague). Nestler’s second collection has not, so far, received much attention from anthropologists, museologists or historians of science, one of the reasons probably being the fact that there is no preserved documentation as to its provenance. Sources dispersed in several archives and publications made it possible to ascertain Nestler’s motivation for collecting human remains, the location where he collected them, and the circumstances of their sale to Charles University. The article also aspires to insert the collection and its original owner into the broader context of anatomical and anthropological disciplinary practices in the Czech Lands in the first decades of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The topic of this study is a description and analysis of stone clubs made in New Guinea during pre-colonial era and following first decades of colonialism. The study describes a typology of stone clubs and talks about the areas of their origin. Paper reveals eight types of clubs, differentiating these further according to (five) areas in New Guinea where these were fabricated. The cultural context of club usage is also provided.
{"title":"Stone Clubs of New Guinea","authors":"M. Soukup","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.007","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of this study is a description and analysis of stone clubs made in New Guinea during pre-colonial era and following first decades of colonialism. The study describes a typology of stone clubs and talks about the areas of their origin. Paper reveals eight types of clubs, differentiating these further according to (five) areas in New Guinea where these were fabricated. The cultural context of club usage is also provided.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ottoman coins have been registered in the Czech Lands since the beginning of the 18th century and have been systematically documented since the mid-19th century. The latest actualization comes from 1996, but the following massive use of metal detectors showed a serious need for a new summarization. Up until 2018, some 151 hoards/ single finds with the Ottoman coins, forgeries, and jetons have been registered in the territory of the Czech Republic. These coins came to the mentioned territory via the Ottoman European expansion since the 16th century, and their flow reached its peak in the 17th century. The massive appearance of the Ottoman coins in Bohemia, partly in Moravia and Silesia, in the 17th century represents a phenomenon connected with the Thirty Years War. In south and central Moravia, it is explained by the direct military impact of the Ottoman armies. The later import of these coins is associated with the Napoleonic Wars and with the Austro-Hungarian period through its Balkan connection.
{"title":"Coins of the Ottoman Sultans Found in the Territory of the Czech Republic from 1996 to 2018","authors":"Vlastimil Novak","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.003","url":null,"abstract":"Ottoman coins have been registered in the Czech Lands since the beginning of the 18th century and have been systematically documented since the mid-19th century. The latest actualization comes from 1996, but the following massive use of metal detectors showed a serious need for a new summarization. Up until 2018, some 151 hoards/ single finds with the Ottoman coins, forgeries, and jetons have been registered in the territory of the Czech Republic. These coins came to the mentioned territory via the Ottoman European expansion since the 16th century, and their flow reached its peak in the 17th century. The massive appearance of the Ottoman coins in Bohemia, partly in Moravia and Silesia, in the 17th century represents a phenomenon connected with the Thirty Years War. In south and central Moravia, it is explained by the direct military impact of the Ottoman armies. The later import of these coins is associated with the Napoleonic Wars and with the Austro-Hungarian period through its Balkan connection.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69917914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tereza Hejzlarová, J. Vančo, M. Čajan, Z. Trávníček
In accordance with the research plan of the Material Culture Unit within the framework of the project entitled ‘Sinophone Borderlands – Interaction at the Edge’, a study of the chemical composition and surface features of metal parts of the Afghan Ersari Tribe headdress was performed. The headdress consists of a textile base and ornamental metal decoration called gupba and a metal diadem called sünsüle. The obtained results of the analyses, using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, uncovered the microscopic features and composition of the metal pieces of the gupba and sünsüle. The main goal of the work was to reveal the chemical compositions of the metal parts in order to determine which metals and procedures were used over the course of their production and to support the current assumptions based on visual appraisals of objects of this type. These results undoubtedly broaden our view of the Turkmen culture in Afghanistan and help us form a database of knowledge and facts about artefacts from the Sinophone borderlands.
{"title":"Chemical and Microscopic Analyses of The Afghan Turkmen Ersari Tribe Headdress","authors":"Tereza Hejzlarová, J. Vančo, M. Čajan, Z. Trávníček","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.011","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with the research plan of the Material Culture Unit within the framework of the project entitled ‘Sinophone Borderlands – Interaction at the Edge’, a study of the chemical composition and surface features of metal parts of the Afghan Ersari Tribe headdress was performed. The headdress consists of a textile base and ornamental metal decoration called gupba and a metal diadem called sünsüle. The obtained results of the analyses, using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, uncovered the microscopic features and composition of the metal pieces of the gupba and sünsüle. The main goal of the work was to reveal the chemical compositions of the metal parts in order to determine which metals and procedures were used over the course of their production and to support the current assumptions based on visual appraisals of objects of this type. These results undoubtedly broaden our view of the Turkmen culture in Afghanistan and help us form a database of knowledge and facts about artefacts from the Sinophone borderlands.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69917940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professor Alois Musil, Orientalist, Arabist, theologist, traveller, and writer of popular novels, is well known as an explorer of the Middle East, discoverer of Amra castle, and as a founding father of the Oriental Institute in Prague. According to the recent research of his correspondence, an incredible network of contacts, with scholars settled in high positions in learned societies, politicians, and state officials, was found. Alois Musil was not only a receiver of donations and grants but also asked his ‘pen friends’ to donate money or arrange a suitable job for his colleagues and students. In my study, I would like to focus on (not only) Musil’s role in the creation of academic positions for Orientalists as well as on the other possibilities that enabled Orientalists to continue in the job they dreamed about during their university studies.
{"title":"Alois Musil and the Oriental studies fellowships in the 1920s","authors":"A. Macková","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.004","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Alois Musil, Orientalist, Arabist, theologist, traveller, and writer of popular novels, is well known as an explorer of the Middle East, discoverer of Amra castle, and as a founding father of the Oriental Institute in Prague. According to the recent research of his correspondence, an incredible network of contacts, with scholars settled in high positions in learned societies, politicians, and state officials, was found. Alois Musil was not only a receiver of donations and grants but also asked his ‘pen friends’ to donate money or arrange a suitable job for his colleagues and students. In my study, I would like to focus on (not only) Musil’s role in the creation of academic positions for Orientalists as well as on the other possibilities that enabled Orientalists to continue in the job they dreamed about during their university studies.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article surveys Karl Richard Lepsius’ (1810–1884) love for producing modern compositions of Egyptian hieroglyphic texts, and in particular, for writing modern names in Egyptian hieroglyphs. The survey is carried out in the context of new discoveries of such texts on objects kept in the collections of Museum August Kestner in Hanover and the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures in Prague. Two newly identified and interpreted texts come from the bases of modern imitations of ancient Egyptian scarabs, which were produced – no doubt under the supervision of Lepsius himself – in a local workshop at Luxor, Upper Egypt, in 1845. As a matter of fact, Lepsius stood at the origins of a still ongoing and extremely popular souvenir production, which employs transcriptions of modern names into hieroglyphs.
{"title":"From Egypt, with love: Lepsius and the tradition of writing modern names in Egyptian hieroglyphs","authors":"Pavel Onderka, C. E. Loeben","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.005","url":null,"abstract":"The present article surveys Karl Richard Lepsius’ (1810–1884) love for producing modern compositions of Egyptian hieroglyphic texts, and in particular, for writing modern names in Egyptian hieroglyphs. The survey is carried out in the context of new discoveries of such texts on objects kept in the collections of Museum August Kestner in Hanover and the National Museum – Náprstek Museum of Asian, African and American Cultures in Prague. Two newly identified and interpreted texts come from the bases of modern imitations of ancient Egyptian scarabs, which were produced – no doubt under the supervision of Lepsius himself – in a local workshop at Luxor, Upper Egypt, in 1845. As a matter of fact, Lepsius stood at the origins of a still ongoing and extremely popular souvenir production, which employs transcriptions of modern names into hieroglyphs.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69918228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vlastimil Novák – Bibliography","authors":"","doi":"10.37520/anpm.2020.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37520/anpm.2020.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69917730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Court beads worn with formal dress represented one of the symbols of social standing of the Qing dynasty aristocracy and officialdom. The appearance of court beads and material used for their production were prescribed in the 18th century encyclopaedic work The Illustrated Regulations for Ceremonial Paraphernalia of the Imperial Court. Nowadays, court beads are found in antiquities markets and in museum collections. The Náprstek Museum in Prague also keeps a small collection distinguished from the several tens of pieces of Qing dynasty formal dress, dress accessories, and other signs of social rank, the number of these items are surprisingly few. In order to answer the question about the scarcity of the objects, the origin of the collection has been studied.
{"title":"Court Beads: Manchu Rank Symbols in the Náprstek Museum","authors":"Helena Heroldová","doi":"10.2478/anpm-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/anpm-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Court beads worn with formal dress represented one of the symbols of social standing of the Qing dynasty aristocracy and officialdom. The appearance of court beads and material used for their production were prescribed in the 18th century encyclopaedic work The Illustrated Regulations for Ceremonial Paraphernalia of the Imperial Court. Nowadays, court beads are found in antiquities markets and in museum collections. The Náprstek Museum in Prague also keeps a small collection distinguished from the several tens of pieces of Qing dynasty formal dress, dress accessories, and other signs of social rank, the number of these items are surprisingly few. In order to answer the question about the scarcity of the objects, the origin of the collection has been studied.","PeriodicalId":38203,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the Naprstek Museum","volume":"40 1","pages":"106 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45446914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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