Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-049
Andressa Ponse Santos, Matheus Rodrigues Pereira Do Nascimento, Christian Souza Barboza, Agleison Ramos Omido
Purpose: Analyze the physical and mechanical parameters of cement mortar with the addition of coconut fibers (FC).
Theoretical framework: In recent years, there has been a comprehensive approach towards incorporating natural fibers as reinforcing elements in cementitious composites. This approach is motivated by the availability of these fibers, the reduced costs involved and the positive effects in mitigating the environmental impacts caused by the use of polymeric fibers from non-renewable sources. However, increasing the proportions of these elements in mortars, for example, does not always result in improvements to the integrity of the material produced.
Method: The initial phase was directed to the literature review focused on studies that explored the behavior of cement mortars with vegetable fibers. Next, the process of mechanical extraction and treatment of coconut fibers was carried out, aiming for the subsequent characterization of the materials. A dosage study was carried out using a 1:3 mixture (cement:sand) using percentages of 3%, 5% and 7% of coconut fibers, based on the total volume of the composite. Based on the preliminary study, the mix with 5% addition of coconut fibers was selected due to its superior performance. To evaluate the material with the defined percentage of FC, tests were carried out covering physical indices and mechanical resistance in the fresh and hardened state. Parameters such as consistency index, compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption, void index and specific mass were analyzed.
Results and conclusion: The results indicate that the addition of 5% by volume has a positive impact on increasing the tensile strength of mortars from 1.83 MPa (without fibers) to 2.36 MPa (with fibers). However, this addition does not have a favorable influence on other mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, although it does not cause significant harm to its applicability.
Research implications: Composites with vegetable fibers offer the possibility of combining traditional construction techniques with unconventional elements, using the reuse of waste.
Originality/value: The contribution to the evaluation of the behavior and adaptation of this material, in order to make it economically viable and durable.
{"title":"Behavior of Cement Mortar with the Addition of Coconut Fibers","authors":"Andressa Ponse Santos, Matheus Rodrigues Pereira Do Nascimento, Christian Souza Barboza, Agleison Ramos Omido","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-049","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Analyze the physical and mechanical parameters of cement mortar with the addition of coconut fibers (FC).
 
 Theoretical framework: In recent years, there has been a comprehensive approach towards incorporating natural fibers as reinforcing elements in cementitious composites. This approach is motivated by the availability of these fibers, the reduced costs involved and the positive effects in mitigating the environmental impacts caused by the use of polymeric fibers from non-renewable sources. However, increasing the proportions of these elements in mortars, for example, does not always result in improvements to the integrity of the material produced.
 
 Method: The initial phase was directed to the literature review focused on studies that explored the behavior of cement mortars with vegetable fibers. Next, the process of mechanical extraction and treatment of coconut fibers was carried out, aiming for the subsequent characterization of the materials. A dosage study was carried out using a 1:3 mixture (cement:sand) using percentages of 3%, 5% and 7% of coconut fibers, based on the total volume of the composite. Based on the preliminary study, the mix with 5% addition of coconut fibers was selected due to its superior performance. To evaluate the material with the defined percentage of FC, tests were carried out covering physical indices and mechanical resistance in the fresh and hardened state. Parameters such as consistency index, compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption, void index and specific mass were analyzed.
 
 Results and conclusion: The results indicate that the addition of 5% by volume has a positive impact on increasing the tensile strength of mortars from 1.83 MPa (without fibers) to 2.36 MPa (with fibers). However, this addition does not have a favorable influence on other mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, although it does not cause significant harm to its applicability.
 
 Research implications: Composites with vegetable fibers offer the possibility of combining traditional construction techniques with unconventional elements, using the reuse of waste.
 
 Originality/value: The contribution to the evaluation of the behavior and adaptation of this material, in order to make it economically viable and durable.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"397 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-047
Eugênio Martins de Sá Resende, Bianca Aparecida Lima Costa, Márcio Gomes Da Silva, Mamen Cuéllar Padilla, Isabel Maria Haro Pérez, Ihedilla Humberta Sinésio Cândido Da Silva
Objective: analyze the process of public regulation of organic production in Brazil, with a focus on Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) and Social Control Organizations (SCO). Method: The research employed document analysis of reports produced by civil society organizations, content analysis of two webinários on the subject, and conducted 12 interviews with representatives of Brazilian PGSs. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework encompasses regulations and documents related to organic certification, agroecology, and social construction spaces, as well as current studies on PGS and participatory certification. Results and conclusion: The results presented in this work are part of the research project “Sistemas de confianza, producción ecológica y garantía. Innovaciones sociales al sello oficial en el contexto de los canales cortos de comercialización” developed by the University of Córdoba, Spain, in partnership with a team from the Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil. It is noteworthy that the excess of records, notes and regulatory controls hinder the inclusion and participation of peasants and farmers in organic quality assurance processes. Research implications: This discussion aims to contribute both to an expanded understanding of the social processes established for the regulation of organic production and to provide insights for the reformulation of current regulations in the country. Originality/value: A revision of the methods of verification, traceability, and social control is necessary, adapting them to the diverse socio-cultural realities existing in Brazil.
目的:分析巴西有机生产的公共监管过程，重点关注参与性保证系统(PGS)和社会控制组织(SCO)。方法:对民间社会组织的报告进行文献分析，对两个webinários进行内容分析，并对12位巴西公共部门代表进行访谈。理论框架:理论框架包括有机认证、农业生态学、社会建设空间等相关法规和文件，以及PGS和参与式认证的研究现状。结果和结论:在这项工作中提出的结果是研究项目“Sistemas de confianza, producción ecológica y garantía”的一部分。该系统由西班牙Córdoba大学与巴西维萨罗萨联邦大学的一个团队合作开发。值得注意的是，过多的记录、注释和监管控制阻碍了农民和农民在有机质量保证过程中的纳入和参与。研究意义:本讨论旨在扩大对有机生产监管的社会过程的理解，并为该国现行法规的重新制定提供见解。原创性/价值:有必要对验证、可追溯性和社会控制的方法进行修订，使其适应巴西现有的各种社会文化现实。
{"title":"Regulation of Organic Production in Brazil: Notes for its Adaptation to Participatory Guarantee Systems","authors":"Eugênio Martins de Sá Resende, Bianca Aparecida Lima Costa, Márcio Gomes Da Silva, Mamen Cuéllar Padilla, Isabel Maria Haro Pérez, Ihedilla Humberta Sinésio Cândido Da Silva","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-047","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: analyze the process of public regulation of organic production in Brazil, with a focus on Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) and Social Control Organizations (SCO). Method: The research employed document analysis of reports produced by civil society organizations, content analysis of two webinários on the subject, and conducted 12 interviews with representatives of Brazilian PGSs. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework encompasses regulations and documents related to organic certification, agroecology, and social construction spaces, as well as current studies on PGS and participatory certification. Results and conclusion: The results presented in this work are part of the research project “Sistemas de confianza, producción ecológica y garantía. Innovaciones sociales al sello oficial en el contexto de los canales cortos de comercialización” developed by the University of Córdoba, Spain, in partnership with a team from the Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil. It is noteworthy that the excess of records, notes and regulatory controls hinder the inclusion and participation of peasants and farmers in organic quality assurance processes. Research implications: This discussion aims to contribute both to an expanded understanding of the social processes established for the regulation of organic production and to provide insights for the reformulation of current regulations in the country. Originality/value: A revision of the methods of verification, traceability, and social control is necessary, adapting them to the diverse socio-cultural realities existing in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"32 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-046
Antonio Lucineudo Oliveira Freire, George Martins De França, Débora Raquel dos Santos Ferreira, Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira Freire, Cheila Deisy Ferreira, Eder Ferreira Arriel
Theoretical framework: The areas affected by salinity have increased in recent years, becoming a limiting factor for plants, negatively interfering with their growth and development. As a result of these effects, knowing species that tolerate this adverse salinity condition is fundamental, both from an environmental aspect and from a scientific point of view. Objective: This research aimed to verify the effects of salinity on the growth and accumulation of organic solutes of Cnidoscolus quercifolius seedlings. Method: The treatments consisted of five levels of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mM), distributed in entirely randomized design, with four replications. The seedlings grew in ‘Leonard’ pots, containing washed sand and nutrient solution, kept under saline conditions for 60 days. The parameters analyzed were height; stem diameter; roots, stem, leaves, shoot, and total dry mass; and amino acids, proteins and total soluble sugars content. Results and discussion: Salinity reduced linearly all parameters evaluated, especially at the highest levels of salt in the medium, indicating that the C. quercifolius seedlings were intolerant to the imposed salinity, not being able to adjust osmotically. Research implications: Possibility of revegetation of areas with saline soil problems, reintegrating them into the production system. Originality/value: To know the forest species capable of surviving in areas affected by salinization, enabling the adoption of recovery techniques and practices.
{"title":"Growth, Dry Mass and Organics Solutes Accumulation in Cnidoscollus phyllacanthus (M. Arg) Pax & Hoffm.) Seedlings Under Salinity","authors":"Antonio Lucineudo Oliveira Freire, George Martins De França, Débora Raquel dos Santos Ferreira, Antonio Lucineudo de Oliveira Freire, Cheila Deisy Ferreira, Eder Ferreira Arriel","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-046","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical framework: The areas affected by salinity have increased in recent years, becoming a limiting factor for plants, negatively interfering with their growth and development. As a result of these effects, knowing species that tolerate this adverse salinity condition is fundamental, both from an environmental aspect and from a scientific point of view. Objective: This research aimed to verify the effects of salinity on the growth and accumulation of organic solutes of Cnidoscolus quercifolius seedlings. Method: The treatments consisted of five levels of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mM), distributed in entirely randomized design, with four replications. The seedlings grew in ‘Leonard’ pots, containing washed sand and nutrient solution, kept under saline conditions for 60 days. The parameters analyzed were height; stem diameter; roots, stem, leaves, shoot, and total dry mass; and amino acids, proteins and total soluble sugars content. Results and discussion: Salinity reduced linearly all parameters evaluated, especially at the highest levels of salt in the medium, indicating that the C. quercifolius seedlings were intolerant to the imposed salinity, not being able to adjust osmotically. Research implications: Possibility of revegetation of areas with saline soil problems, reintegrating them into the production system. Originality/value: To know the forest species capable of surviving in areas affected by salinization, enabling the adoption of recovery techniques and practices.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"55 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135414256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-044
Alison Silvestre De Freitas, Mara Alves Soares, Tabajara Pimenta Junior, Luiz Eduardo Gaio, Marcelo Augusto Ambrozini
Objective: The objective of this work was to detect and measure the occurrence of alterations in the behavior of the actions of companies listed in the Brazilian capital market in the period of the political-economic crisis that began in 2014 with the Lava Jato Operação, da Policia Federal.
Theoretical reference: The main works reviewed in this research foram the studies carried out by Mazviona and Elias (2013), Dzaja and Aljinovic (2013), Rangel (2014), Maitah et al. (2015), Singh et al. (2015), Shweta and Sharma (2015), Janata (2016), Xiao (2016) and Nyangara et al. (2016).
Method: The betas of the years are calculated for three years before and three years after the data of the start of the operation. We analyzed the data from the years of 42 companies and estimated the betas for both periods, by linear regression. The betas of both periods were compared and then submitted to the Chow Test for detection of structural failure.
Results and conclusion: The results show an elevation of risk (increase in two beta values) for the years of 31 companies and reduction for the years of another 11 companies. There is structural bankruptcy between the betas of two periods, for the years of 20 companies, while the years of 22 companies do not evidence this phenomenon.
Implications of the research: Since there have been detected signs of negative impacts of the crisis on the risk of actions, the results are not conclusive. Or that it does not guarantee, on the other hand, the existence of a risk balance in the period, once the number of years with structural failure between the two periods was significant.
Originality/value: This study explores an important gap in empirical studies carried out in the context of the Lava Jato operation, in which the Federal Police investigated a money laundering and diversion scheme involving Petrobrás, large companies and several Brazilian politicians, a situation that practically paralyzed o Federal Executive, lifting the country to a state of waiting and uncertainty with great reflections on the Brazilian economy.
目的:这项工作的目的是检测和衡量在2014年开始的政治经济危机期间，巴西资本市场上市公司行为行为变化的发生，该危机始于Lava Jato opera， da Policia Federal.
& # x0D;理论参考:本研究综述的主要研究成果包括:Mazviona and Elias(2013)、Dzaja and Aljinovic(2013)、Rangel(2014)、Maitah et al.(2015)、Singh et al.(2015)、Shweta and Sharma(2015)、Janata(2016)、Xiao(2016)和Nyangara et al.(2016)。
& # x0D;方法:以开业前3年和开业后3年的数据计算年际的贝塔值。我们分析了42家公司的年度数据，并通过线性回归估计了两个时期的贝塔系数。比较两个周期的beta值，然后提交给Chow试验以检测结构破坏。
& # x0D;结果与结论:结果显示，31家公司的年份风险升高(两个贝塔值增加)，另外11家公司的年份风险降低。在两个时期的贝塔值之间存在结构性破产，即20家公司的年份，而22家公司的年份没有证明这种现象。
& # x0D;研究意义:由于已经发现危机对行动风险的负面影响的迹象，因此研究结果并非结论性的。或者它不能保证，另一方面，一旦两个时期之间的结构失效年数显著，则该时期存在风险平衡。
& # x0D;原创性/价值:本研究探讨了在Lava Jato行动背景下进行的实证研究中的一个重要空白，在该行动中，联邦警察调查了涉及Petrobrás、大公司和几位巴西政客的洗钱和转移计划，这种情况实际上使联邦行政部门瘫痪，使国家陷入等待和不确定状态，对巴西经济产生了重大影响。
{"title":"The Risky Behavior of the Years of Brazilian Companies in the Context of the Political-Econômical Crise Gerada pela Lava Jato Operação","authors":"Alison Silvestre De Freitas, Mara Alves Soares, Tabajara Pimenta Junior, Luiz Eduardo Gaio, Marcelo Augusto Ambrozini","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-044","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this work was to detect and measure the occurrence of alterations in the behavior of the actions of companies listed in the Brazilian capital market in the period of the political-economic crisis that began in 2014 with the Lava Jato Operação, da Policia Federal.
 
 Theoretical reference: The main works reviewed in this research foram the studies carried out by Mazviona and Elias (2013), Dzaja and Aljinovic (2013), Rangel (2014), Maitah et al. (2015), Singh et al. (2015), Shweta and Sharma (2015), Janata (2016), Xiao (2016) and Nyangara et al. (2016).
 
 Method: The betas of the years are calculated for three years before and three years after the data of the start of the operation. We analyzed the data from the years of 42 companies and estimated the betas for both periods, by linear regression. The betas of both periods were compared and then submitted to the Chow Test for detection of structural failure.
 
 Results and conclusion: The results show an elevation of risk (increase in two beta values) for the years of 31 companies and reduction for the years of another 11 companies. There is structural bankruptcy between the betas of two periods, for the years of 20 companies, while the years of 22 companies do not evidence this phenomenon.
 
 Implications of the research: Since there have been detected signs of negative impacts of the crisis on the risk of actions, the results are not conclusive. Or that it does not guarantee, on the other hand, the existence of a risk balance in the period, once the number of years with structural failure between the two periods was significant.
 
 Originality/value: This study explores an important gap in empirical studies carried out in the context of the Lava Jato operation, in which the Federal Police investigated a money laundering and diversion scheme involving Petrobrás, large companies and several Brazilian politicians, a situation that practically paralyzed o Federal Executive, lifting the country to a state of waiting and uncertainty with great reflections on the Brazilian economy.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-045
André Sandmann, Giseli de Cassia Serra, Marcos Roberto Portolan, Liliane Hellmann, Renato Hallal, José Airton Azevedo Dos Santos, Ana Flavia Maldaner Teodoro Sandmann, Flávio Piekarzewicz Da Silva
Objective: This work presents factors that influence soybean production in various scenarios, more specifically in Cascavel-PR, between the summer seasons 2016/17 to 2022/23. Theoretical reference: Soy production is an economic activity with great potential in Brazil and, especially, in the state of Paraná. The climatic conditions present great challenges for the producers, since different factors (shortage of chuvas, high temperatures and the incidence of rain and diseases) affect the development of culture. Method: Foram pointed out and made comparisons in the production of comfort in various contexts, cultivation areas and relevant information on the climate, specifically as rainfall precipitations below or above the average in various stages of culture in the municipality of Paranaense, and consequently, as oscillations in the summer holidays. They are used in literature, articles, information on sites, magazines and data from governmental organizations (federal and state), with quantitative and qualitative analyses, using the Sisvar software. Results and conclusion: Among the factors analyzed, climate as the main agent of influence in soybean production. Implications of the research: To minimize the impacts on productivity and its consequences in regional/economic development, it is necessary to review management techniques at the sole, plant, new technologies and also at the global level; o aquecimento, o dematamento that influences the increase in temperatures and the incidence of rain. Originality/value: Analyzing two rainfall indices and their relationships with agricultural cultures is crucial to guarantee healthy and productive production. It allows farmers to adapt their management practices, make informed decisions and minimize the risks associated with varying climatic conditions.
{"title":"Soybean Production in the Municipality of Cascavel - PR: Rainfall Indices as the Main Influence Factor","authors":"André Sandmann, Giseli de Cassia Serra, Marcos Roberto Portolan, Liliane Hellmann, Renato Hallal, José Airton Azevedo Dos Santos, Ana Flavia Maldaner Teodoro Sandmann, Flávio Piekarzewicz Da Silva","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-045","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This work presents factors that influence soybean production in various scenarios, more specifically in Cascavel-PR, between the summer seasons 2016/17 to 2022/23. Theoretical reference: Soy production is an economic activity with great potential in Brazil and, especially, in the state of Paraná. The climatic conditions present great challenges for the producers, since different factors (shortage of chuvas, high temperatures and the incidence of rain and diseases) affect the development of culture. Method: Foram pointed out and made comparisons in the production of comfort in various contexts, cultivation areas and relevant information on the climate, specifically as rainfall precipitations below or above the average in various stages of culture in the municipality of Paranaense, and consequently, as oscillations in the summer holidays. They are used in literature, articles, information on sites, magazines and data from governmental organizations (federal and state), with quantitative and qualitative analyses, using the Sisvar software. Results and conclusion: Among the factors analyzed, climate as the main agent of influence in soybean production. Implications of the research: To minimize the impacts on productivity and its consequences in regional/economic development, it is necessary to review management techniques at the sole, plant, new technologies and also at the global level; o aquecimento, o dematamento that influences the increase in temperatures and the incidence of rain. Originality/value: Analyzing two rainfall indices and their relationships with agricultural cultures is crucial to guarantee healthy and productive production. It allows farmers to adapt their management practices, make informed decisions and minimize the risks associated with varying climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-037
Lucas Zaia Fantinatti, Christian Scapualtempo Strobel, Stephan Hennings Och, Márcio Fontana Catapan
Objective: To conduct tests on the B4T-5.5 hp spark-ignition engines (Otto cycle) with conventional fuels (types of gasoline) and, after modification, to test with renewable fuels (Ethanol) on the dynamometer in the engineering laboratory of Branco Motores Ltda., following SAE J1995 and SAE J1940 standards. Analyze the power and torque curves for each tested fuel.
Theoretical framework: Utilizing the literature through research in books, dissertations, articles, and standards.
Method: This study involves the performance of a gasoline engine converted to ethanol (renewable fuel) through quantitative research and the evaluation of test results on the 5.5 hp single-cylinder 4-stroke spark-ignition engine (B4T model) with each proposed fuel in the research.
Results and Conclusion: During the analysis, the necessary values were measured to create the power and torque curves using different types of national fuels. The spark-ignition engine was connected to a dynamometer and tested with regular gasoline (Type C with 27.5% ethanol content), premium gasoline, podium® gasoline, and anhydrous ethanol 95% (the gasoline engine was modified to operate with ethanol). In the case of the renewable fuel, ethanol, the results for the spark-ignition engine (Otto cycle) showed an increase of 0.48 hp in power and 0.11 kgf.m in torque compared to gasoline. The ethanol-powered engine is a viable alternative and is considered a clean energy source when compared to traditional fuels (such as gasoline).
Research Implications: Issues such as sustainability, renewable energies, environmentally friendly fuels, greenhouse gas emissions, and concerns about the environment have become increasingly common and evident in the global market. This reflects a global concern for environmental preservation and the future of the planet. For academia, the constant search for new or alternative sources will always be a challenge.
Originality/Value: The proposal of an ethanol engine contributes to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions and environmental damage because ethanol, derived from sugarcane, absorbs carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide during the plant's development. This attenuates emissions since, during the ethanol burning process, the gases are only returned to the atmosphere (carbon and derivatives), unlike the burning of fossil fuels, which adds more gases to the atmosphere. Another point is that it provides an additional option for end consumers.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Performance Curves of the 4-Stroke, Spark-Ignited, Single-Cylinder Engine Altered to Consume Ethanol","authors":"Lucas Zaia Fantinatti, Christian Scapualtempo Strobel, Stephan Hennings Och, Márcio Fontana Catapan","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-037","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To conduct tests on the B4T-5.5 hp spark-ignition engines (Otto cycle) with conventional fuels (types of gasoline) and, after modification, to test with renewable fuels (Ethanol) on the dynamometer in the engineering laboratory of Branco Motores Ltda., following SAE J1995 and SAE J1940 standards. Analyze the power and torque curves for each tested fuel.
 
 Theoretical framework: Utilizing the literature through research in books, dissertations, articles, and standards.
 
 Method: This study involves the performance of a gasoline engine converted to ethanol (renewable fuel) through quantitative research and the evaluation of test results on the 5.5 hp single-cylinder 4-stroke spark-ignition engine (B4T model) with each proposed fuel in the research.
 
 Results and Conclusion: During the analysis, the necessary values were measured to create the power and torque curves using different types of national fuels. The spark-ignition engine was connected to a dynamometer and tested with regular gasoline (Type C with 27.5% ethanol content), premium gasoline, podium® gasoline, and anhydrous ethanol 95% (the gasoline engine was modified to operate with ethanol). In the case of the renewable fuel, ethanol, the results for the spark-ignition engine (Otto cycle) showed an increase of 0.48 hp in power and 0.11 kgf.m in torque compared to gasoline. The ethanol-powered engine is a viable alternative and is considered a clean energy source when compared to traditional fuels (such as gasoline).
 
 Research Implications: Issues such as sustainability, renewable energies, environmentally friendly fuels, greenhouse gas emissions, and concerns about the environment have become increasingly common and evident in the global market. This reflects a global concern for environmental preservation and the future of the planet. For academia, the constant search for new or alternative sources will always be a challenge.
 
 Originality/Value: The proposal of an ethanol engine contributes to the reduction of pollutant gas emissions and environmental damage because ethanol, derived from sugarcane, absorbs carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide during the plant's development. This attenuates emissions since, during the ethanol burning process, the gases are only returned to the atmosphere (carbon and derivatives), unlike the burning of fossil fuels, which adds more gases to the atmosphere. Another point is that it provides an additional option for end consumers.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"876 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-040
Sarah Lilian de Lima Silva, Marcos Sousa Leite, Thalita Cristine Ribeiro Lucas Fernandes, Sidinei Kleber Da Silva, Antonio Carlos Brandão De Araújo
Purpose: This study aims to determine the economic and technical feasibility of operating and leasing sewage treatment plants through an application that uses mathematical modeling and Machine Learning techniques for process optimization. Theoretical Framework: Efficient operation of sewage treatment plants (STPs) is crucial to ensure water quality, minimize environmental impacts, and optimize costs. This study explores how Machine Learning (ML) can model and optimize sewage treatment processes, adapting to real-time conditions. Method/Design/Approach: The BSM1 model is combined with Machine Learning techniques to create simplified metamodels, enabling optimized results and the development of an application for evaluating economic and technical outcomes. Results and Conclusion: The reduced metamodel successfully reproduced the Simulink model, achieving satisfactory optimization. Research Implications: This research benefits water quality improvement, cost reduction, sustainability, innovation, water resource management, awareness, and resilience to extreme weather events, as well as influencing informed policies. Originality/Value: Efficiency, sustainability, economy, and quality of life are core values in this research, benefiting society, the environment, and the economy.
{"title":"Optimal Operation of Domestic and Industrial Sewage Treatment Plants Using Machine Learning Methods","authors":"Sarah Lilian de Lima Silva, Marcos Sousa Leite, Thalita Cristine Ribeiro Lucas Fernandes, Sidinei Kleber Da Silva, Antonio Carlos Brandão De Araújo","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-040","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to determine the economic and technical feasibility of operating and leasing sewage treatment plants through an application that uses mathematical modeling and Machine Learning techniques for process optimization. Theoretical Framework: Efficient operation of sewage treatment plants (STPs) is crucial to ensure water quality, minimize environmental impacts, and optimize costs. This study explores how Machine Learning (ML) can model and optimize sewage treatment processes, adapting to real-time conditions. Method/Design/Approach: The BSM1 model is combined with Machine Learning techniques to create simplified metamodels, enabling optimized results and the development of an application for evaluating economic and technical outcomes. Results and Conclusion: The reduced metamodel successfully reproduced the Simulink model, achieving satisfactory optimization. Research Implications: This research benefits water quality improvement, cost reduction, sustainability, innovation, water resource management, awareness, and resilience to extreme weather events, as well as influencing informed policies. Originality/Value: Efficiency, sustainability, economy, and quality of life are core values in this research, benefiting society, the environment, and the economy.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-038
Marcos Sousa Leite, Sarah Lilian de Lima Silva, Thalita Cristine Ribeiro Lucas Fernandes, Sidinei Kleber Da Silva, Antonio Carlos Brandão De Araújo
Purpose: To study a case of modeling an industrial distillation system, using the Aspen Plus simulator as the mathematical model and subsequently generating surrogate models using Machine Learning techniques in Matlab.
Theoretical Framework: Metamodels are reduced models obtained from data generated by rigorous models, replacing them entirely or partially when the computational codes originating from them require excessively large computational effort to be used feasibly.
Method/Design/Approach: The simulation of the process was performed in Aspen Plus. Subsequently, the most important variables were selected, and an experimental design was created using Latin Hypercube Sampling in Matlab, generating points to be used in sensitivity analysis in Aspen Plus. The next step was the construction of metamodels using the Statistics and Machine Learning toolbox in Matlab, employing linear regression and Gaussian process regression models. Finally, a statistical analysis was conducted.
Results and Conclusion: The distillation system simulation converged, and the obtained metamodels had good regression indicators, especially the Gaussian process regression models, making them the most suitable for representing the rigorous Aspen Plus model.
Research Implications: Understanding the multicomponent distillation process integrated with computational tools and data regression models, leading to a reduction in computational effort.
Originality/Value: Development of a tool that enables the simulation and evaluation of a distillation process without the need to acquire software with rigorous equation databases.
{"title":"Surrogate Modelling of an Industrial Distillation Column Obtained from Statistical Techniques and Machine Learning","authors":"Marcos Sousa Leite, Sarah Lilian de Lima Silva, Thalita Cristine Ribeiro Lucas Fernandes, Sidinei Kleber Da Silva, Antonio Carlos Brandão De Araújo","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-038","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study a case of modeling an industrial distillation system, using the Aspen Plus simulator as the mathematical model and subsequently generating surrogate models using Machine Learning techniques in Matlab.
 
 Theoretical Framework: Metamodels are reduced models obtained from data generated by rigorous models, replacing them entirely or partially when the computational codes originating from them require excessively large computational effort to be used feasibly.
 
 Method/Design/Approach: The simulation of the process was performed in Aspen Plus. Subsequently, the most important variables were selected, and an experimental design was created using Latin Hypercube Sampling in Matlab, generating points to be used in sensitivity analysis in Aspen Plus. The next step was the construction of metamodels using the Statistics and Machine Learning toolbox in Matlab, employing linear regression and Gaussian process regression models. Finally, a statistical analysis was conducted.
 
 Results and Conclusion: The distillation system simulation converged, and the obtained metamodels had good regression indicators, especially the Gaussian process regression models, making them the most suitable for representing the rigorous Aspen Plus model.
 
 Research Implications: Understanding the multicomponent distillation process integrated with computational tools and data regression models, leading to a reduction in computational effort.
 
 Originality/Value: Development of a tool that enables the simulation and evaluation of a distillation process without the need to acquire software with rigorous equation databases.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"875 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-042
Michel Cleiton Andersson Daversa, Ariadne Farias
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify the competences associated to sustainable leadership practices in the public city administration of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná.
Literature review: The study addresses the concepts of professional competences and sustainable leadership and how they can be applied to the public sector from the perspective of public city administrators.
Method: This is a qualitative and exploratory study that was carried out in the City Hall of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná. It derived out of the analysis of official documents and semi-structured interviews conducted with eleven public city administrators.
Results and conclusion: The study has revealed that the necessary competences for sustainable leadership practices in the public administration of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná are: public resource management, strategic planning, focusing on citizens, people management, environmental sustainability orientation, and environmental awareness.
Discussion: The study can provide public administrators with a way to reflect upon their practices, which can positively impact the improvement of their competences and conduct related to the performance of their duties, along with working as a model for public policies characterized by social transformation.
Originality/value: Identifying the competences associated with sustainable leadership practices in public administration facilitates reflection about the enhancement or development of attributes that are essential for improving the quality of life and well-being of citizens, along with promoting sustainable territorial development at the local level.
{"title":"Competences Associated to Sustainable Leadership Practices: A Study Carried Out in the Public City Administration of Fazenda Rio Grande, State of Paraná","authors":"Michel Cleiton Andersson Daversa, Ariadne Farias","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-042","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify the competences associated to sustainable leadership practices in the public city administration of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná.
 
 Literature review: The study addresses the concepts of professional competences and sustainable leadership and how they can be applied to the public sector from the perspective of public city administrators.
 
 Method: This is a qualitative and exploratory study that was carried out in the City Hall of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná. It derived out of the analysis of official documents and semi-structured interviews conducted with eleven public city administrators.
 
 Results and conclusion: The study has revealed that the necessary competences for sustainable leadership practices in the public administration of Fazenda Rio Grande, Paraná are: public resource management, strategic planning, focusing on citizens, people management, environmental sustainability orientation, and environmental awareness.
 
 Discussion: The study can provide public administrators with a way to reflect upon their practices, which can positively impact the improvement of their competences and conduct related to the performance of their duties, along with working as a model for public policies characterized by social transformation.
 
 Originality/value: Identifying the competences associated with sustainable leadership practices in public administration facilitates reflection about the enhancement or development of attributes that are essential for improving the quality of life and well-being of citizens, along with promoting sustainable territorial development at the local level.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-043
Inácio Ferreira Façanha Neto
Objective: This article aims to show the importance of the contribution of the demonstrations counted to public administration. Justification: And as justification we find that public accounting is fundamental for public managers to make decisions with more efficiency, through the demonstrations you count the cash flow, that only high-quality accounting tools are available for a public or private enterprise. Results: Given this presentation, the demonstrations are based on uniform and homogeneous criteria, so that public managers, investors, and analysts can use transparent, trust and compare information in the decision-making processes that do not show respect for public administration. Methodology: The methodology applied was through bibliographic research through books, articles, and published monographs. Also, field research of a descriptive, quantitative, qualitative nature. Being the public managers of a public institution in the municipality of Balsas-MA, with 5 (five) dated questions, in a total of 20 interviewees.
{"title":"Accounting Demonstrations`s Contribution for Public Administration","authors":"Inácio Ferreira Façanha Neto","doi":"10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n10-043","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This article aims to show the importance of the contribution of the demonstrations counted to public administration. Justification: And as justification we find that public accounting is fundamental for public managers to make decisions with more efficiency, through the demonstrations you count the cash flow, that only high-quality accounting tools are available for a public or private enterprise. Results: Given this presentation, the demonstrations are based on uniform and homogeneous criteria, so that public managers, investors, and analysts can use transparent, trust and compare information in the decision-making processes that do not show respect for public administration. Methodology: The methodology applied was through bibliographic research through books, articles, and published monographs. Also, field research of a descriptive, quantitative, qualitative nature. Being the public managers of a public institution in the municipality of Balsas-MA, with 5 (five) dated questions, in a total of 20 interviewees.","PeriodicalId":38210,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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