For some years now, the Journal of Power Institutions in Post-Soviet Societies has introduced in its issues the publication of interviews with veterans, war reporters, or other witnesses of the Soviet and post-Soviet wars. Indeed, it seemed important to us to gather the testimony of witnesses who are still alive in order to shed light on past or current conflicts. Today, PIPSS wishes to intensify the practice of collecting oral testimonies which was initiated in 2011. To mark its 15th anniver...
{"title":"Soviet & Post-Soviet Wars: An Oral History Project","authors":"Elisabeth Sieca‐Kozlowski","doi":"10.4000/pipss.5856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.5856","url":null,"abstract":"For some years now, the Journal of Power Institutions in Post-Soviet Societies has introduced in its issues the publication of interviews with veterans, war reporters, or other witnesses of the Soviet and post-Soviet wars. Indeed, it seemed important to us to gather the testimony of witnesses who are still alive in order to shed light on past or current conflicts. Today, PIPSS wishes to intensify the practice of collecting oral testimonies which was initiated in 2011. To mark its 15th anniver...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114989480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
How do prisoners in Lithuania spend their time? This article provides evidence from a unique survey of prisoners. The article shows that the rationale for meaningful prison work and education has shifted away from the Soviet emphasis on productivity and correction of deviance towards a logic of vocational training and self-development. Yet, data from the survey suggest that while most Lithuanian prisoners engage in some sort of work or educational program, these programs often do not achieve the aims they set for themselves. Prisoners have limited choices on offer, see little ultimate purpose to the activities, and often simply make do. Moreover, many prisoners opt out completely, finding pastimes in walking in the open space and collective living of Lithuania’s colony-style correctional facilities. Furthermore, outside of work and education, leisure time is still largely defined by the prisoners themselves, leading to inequities in the distribution of recreational resources due to informal power hierarchies.
{"title":"Killing Time in Prison: Purposeful Activities and Spare Time in Lithuanian Correctional Facilities","authors":"R. Vaičiūnienė","doi":"10.4000/pipss.5082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.5082","url":null,"abstract":"How do prisoners in Lithuania spend their time? This article provides evidence from a unique survey of prisoners. The article shows that the rationale for meaningful prison work and education has shifted away from the Soviet emphasis on productivity and correction of deviance towards a logic of vocational training and self-development. Yet, data from the survey suggest that while most Lithuanian prisoners engage in some sort of work or educational program, these programs often do not achieve the aims they set for themselves. Prisoners have limited choices on offer, see little ultimate purpose to the activities, and often simply make do. Moreover, many prisoners opt out completely, finding pastimes in walking in the open space and collective living of Lithuania’s colony-style correctional facilities. Furthermore, outside of work and education, leisure time is still largely defined by the prisoners themselves, leading to inequities in the distribution of recreational resources due to informal power hierarchies.","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129503192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Russian prisons, the issue of the quality of healthcare relates to the position of doctors within the penal system. Doctors are subordinated to the Ministry of Justice in which the prison service is also located, and not to the Ministry of Health. In 2014, as a result of reform to the prison system, prison medical personnel ceased to be subject to the authority of the prisons in which they worked. However, in practice the autonomization of prison service medical professionals has not happened. The purpose of this study is to explore this contradiction and clearly delineate the position of medical professionals in Russian prisons through the application of theoretical concepts of professional autonomy and dual loyalty to qualitative data collected from those inside the system.
{"title":"Between Autonomy and Dependency: Medical Professionals in the Modern Russian Penal System","authors":"Kseniia Runova","doi":"10.4000/PIPSS.5022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/PIPSS.5022","url":null,"abstract":"In Russian prisons, the issue of the quality of healthcare relates to the position of doctors within the penal system. Doctors are subordinated to the Ministry of Justice in which the prison service is also located, and not to the Ministry of Health. In 2014, as a result of reform to the prison system, prison medical personnel ceased to be subject to the authority of the prisons in which they worked. However, in practice the autonomization of prison service medical professionals has not happened. The purpose of this study is to explore this contradiction and clearly delineate the position of medical professionals in Russian prisons through the application of theoretical concepts of professional autonomy and dual loyalty to qualitative data collected from those inside the system.","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129246879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renewing the historiography of the Second World War, one of the most studied conflicts of all time, particularly the battle between Soviet partisans and Nazi Germany, is no small task. However Masha Cerovic manages to brilliantly do so in her new book Les enfants de Staline [Stalin’s Children] which sheds new light on the brutal “irregular warfare” that ravaged Western Soviet territories for three years. Working with unpublished sources from Russia, Belorussia, Ukraine and Germany – including...
{"title":"Masha Cerovic, Les Enfants de Staline. La guerre des partisans soviétiques, 1941-1944","authors":"Élie Tenenbaum","doi":"10.4000/pipss.4801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.4801","url":null,"abstract":"Renewing the historiography of the Second World War, one of the most studied conflicts of all time, particularly the battle between Soviet partisans and Nazi Germany, is no small task. However Masha Cerovic manages to brilliantly do so in her new book Les enfants de Staline [Stalin’s Children] which sheds new light on the brutal “irregular warfare” that ravaged Western Soviet territories for three years. Working with unpublished sources from Russia, Belorussia, Ukraine and Germany – including...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129381771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Is it best to examine the history of the Gulag from literary or historical perspectives? Should one attempt to study the camps from below, through prisoners' own words, or is it better to analyze the Gulag through the reports written by state bureaucrats? As Luba Jurgenson and Nicolas Werth argue and demonstrate in Le Goulag : Temoignages et archives, it is not necessary to make such a choice. In fact, one shouldn't – as the editors show, it is only through the careful consideration of both p...
从文学还是历史的角度来审视古拉格的历史?人们应该尝试通过囚犯自己的话语，从下面研究集中营，还是通过国家官员写的报告来分析古拉格?正如Luba Jurgenson和Nicolas Werth在《Le Goulag: Temoignages et archives》一书中所论证的那样，没有必要做出这样的选择。事实上，人们不应该——正如编辑们所表明的那样，只有经过双方的仔细考虑……
{"title":"Luba Jurgenson et Nicolas Werth, Le Goulag : Témoignages et archives","authors":"Alan Barenberg","doi":"10.4000/pipss.4431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.4431","url":null,"abstract":"Is it best to examine the history of the Gulag from literary or historical perspectives? Should one attempt to study the camps from below, through prisoners' own words, or is it better to analyze the Gulag through the reports written by state bureaucrats? As Luba Jurgenson and Nicolas Werth argue and demonstrate in Le Goulag : Temoignages et archives, it is not necessary to make such a choice. In fact, one shouldn't – as the editors show, it is only through the careful consideration of both p...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"8 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116607221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Literary Caucasus” has recently received much attention from the specialists of the region, but only a few of them have addressed local anti-colonial literatures. Thus, the book by Rebecca Gould is highly original in considering literatures of Chechnya, Dagestan, and Georgia in comparative perspective. The author can also be praised for the great diversity of her sources in different languages. Rebecca Gould has attempted not only to transpose or verify a number of concepts or a theory suc...
{"title":"Rebecca Gould, Writers and Rebels: The Literature of Insurgency in the Caucasus","authors":"Lina Tsrimova","doi":"10.4000/pipss.4735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.4735","url":null,"abstract":"“Literary Caucasus” has recently received much attention from the specialists of the region, but only a few of them have addressed local anti-colonial literatures. Thus, the book by Rebecca Gould is highly original in considering literatures of Chechnya, Dagestan, and Georgia in comparative perspective. The author can also be praised for the great diversity of her sources in different languages. Rebecca Gould has attempted not only to transpose or verify a number of concepts or a theory suc...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128903402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L’interview qui suit a ete effectuee aupres d’un des responsables de l’organisation de defense des droits de l’homme specialisee dans la question des tortures et mauvais traitements en detention et violences policieres Comite contre la torture, basee a Nijni-Novgorod, a propos de son experience en tant que membre d’une ONK, commission de controle des lieux de detention (en russe obshchestvennaia nabliudatel'naia komissia). Les ONK ont ete creees officiellement par une loi federale en 2009 pou...
{"title":"Interview d’Oleg Khabibrakhmanov, Comité contre la torture, Nijni-Novgorod, 11 juillet 2018","authors":"Anne Le Huérou","doi":"10.4000/PIPSS.5226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/PIPSS.5226","url":null,"abstract":"L’interview qui suit a ete effectuee aupres d’un des responsables de l’organisation de defense des droits de l’homme specialisee dans la question des tortures et mauvais traitements en detention et violences policieres Comite contre la torture, basee a Nijni-Novgorod, a propos de son experience en tant que membre d’une ONK, commission de controle des lieux de detention (en russe obshchestvennaia nabliudatel'naia komissia). Les ONK ont ete creees officiellement par une loi federale en 2009 pou...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124101067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction This special issue is dedicated to the issue of the evolution of punishment in the former Soviet Union (fSU). This is a particularly timely topic. Carceral institutions, whether investigation isolators, remand prisons, prison colonies or resettlement centres, play a hugely important role in the political and social dynamics of former Soviet countries. In Tajikistan in the last year, prison breaks, riots and suspicious deaths in custody have threatened to completely destabilise ...
{"title":"Unpacking Prison Reform in the Former Soviet Union","authors":"Gavin Slade","doi":"10.4000/PIPSS.5242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/PIPSS.5242","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This special issue is dedicated to the issue of the evolution of punishment in the former Soviet Union (fSU). This is a particularly timely topic. Carceral institutions, whether investigation isolators, remand prisons, prison colonies or resettlement centres, play a hugely important role in the political and social dynamics of former Soviet countries. In Tajikistan in the last year, prison breaks, riots and suspicious deaths in custody have threatened to completely destabilise ...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126877426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the Cold War, western scholars of the USSR generally devoted little attention to the Soviet police, including both the main public-order policing agency, the militsia, as well as other subdivisions of its parent organization, the Ministry of Internal Affairs. While a few scholars of the era, notably Louise Shelley, understood that the police served as the most important institutional defenders of social order and the regime’s first line of defence against domestic challenges, most obse...
{"title":"Erica Marat, The Politics of Police Reform: Society against the State in Post-Soviet Countries","authors":"Matthew Light","doi":"10.4000/pipss.4715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.4715","url":null,"abstract":"During the Cold War, western scholars of the USSR generally devoted little attention to the Soviet police, including both the main public-order policing agency, the militsia, as well as other subdivisions of its parent organization, the Ministry of Internal Affairs. While a few scholars of the era, notably Louise Shelley, understood that the police served as the most important institutional defenders of social order and the regime’s first line of defence against domestic challenges, most obse...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132886956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The book written by Anna Sanina, Associate Professor at the Higher School of Economics National Research University in St. Petersburg, deserves high attention for two main reasons. First, because the sociological studies on patriotism in Russia are quite rare. And second, because such studies do not usually go beyond presenting the simplified picture of a Kremlin propaganda, which forces people to be patriots. Sanina’s book contributes to some studies that have already demonstrated that peop...
{"title":"Anna Sanina, Patriotic Education in Contemporary Russia. Sociological Studies in the Making of the Post-Soviet Citizen","authors":"K. Clément","doi":"10.4000/pipss.4761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/pipss.4761","url":null,"abstract":"The book written by Anna Sanina, Associate Professor at the Higher School of Economics National Research University in St. Petersburg, deserves high attention for two main reasons. First, because the sociological studies on patriotism in Russia are quite rare. And second, because such studies do not usually go beyond presenting the simplified picture of a Kremlin propaganda, which forces people to be patriots. Sanina’s book contributes to some studies that have already demonstrated that peop...","PeriodicalId":382204,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of power institutions in post-soviet societies","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131827758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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