Pub Date : 2001-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974038
D. Campbell, A. Maeder, F. Tapia-Vergara
Clinical procedures and legal requirements increasingly demand greater performance in JPEG compression of digitised grayscale medical images without loss of visual fidelity or without exceeding a bounded error metric. Current JPEG common practice uses a default general-purpose luminance quantisation matrix. As an initial investigation into defining more suitable quantisation matrices for different medical image modalities, a new candidate matrix has been derived for mammograms. For a given SNR, the new quantisation matrix achieves a relative compression ratio performance improvement of approximately 22% for a quality factor of 95% and 15% for a quality factor of 85%. This study paves the way for a computationally intelligent approach to optimising the quantisation matrix for each medical image modality in both batch mode and adaptively on an image-by-image basis.
{"title":"Mammogram JPEG quantisation matrix optimisation for PACS","authors":"D. Campbell, A. Maeder, F. Tapia-Vergara","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974038","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical procedures and legal requirements increasingly demand greater performance in JPEG compression of digitised grayscale medical images without loss of visual fidelity or without exceeding a bounded error metric. Current JPEG common practice uses a default general-purpose luminance quantisation matrix. As an initial investigation into defining more suitable quantisation matrices for different medical image modalities, a new candidate matrix has been derived for mammograms. For a given SNR, the new quantisation matrix achieves a relative compression ratio performance improvement of approximately 22% for a quality factor of 95% and 15% for a quality factor of 85%. This study paves the way for a computationally intelligent approach to optimising the quantisation matrix for each medical image modality in both batch mode and adaptively on an image-by-image basis.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116121756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974055
J. Boyle, A. Maeder, W. Boles
The development of electronic visual prostheses (artificial human vision/bionic eye systems) is steadily progressing due to the combined efforts of several international research teams. In order to anticipate informative image processing strategies that could be used in these prostheses systems, we have undertaken psychophysical testing using low quality images to simulate visual representation associated with electronic visual prostheses. Our objective is to investigate how much information and what types of information are needed to recognise or perceive a scene, when most of the original scene data is lost. This paper describes results from testing of 174 normally sighted subjects who viewed a set of low quality (low spatial resolution and low grey-scale) static images. These experiments have identified informative image processing operations which can improve understanding of picture content.
{"title":"Static image simulation of electronic visual prostheses","authors":"J. Boyle, A. Maeder, W. Boles","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974055","url":null,"abstract":"The development of electronic visual prostheses (artificial human vision/bionic eye systems) is steadily progressing due to the combined efforts of several international research teams. In order to anticipate informative image processing strategies that could be used in these prostheses systems, we have undertaken psychophysical testing using low quality images to simulate visual representation associated with electronic visual prostheses. Our objective is to investigate how much information and what types of information are needed to recognise or perceive a scene, when most of the original scene data is lost. This paper describes results from testing of 174 normally sighted subjects who viewed a set of low quality (low spatial resolution and low grey-scale) static images. These experiments have identified informative image processing operations which can improve understanding of picture content.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134079473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974119
R. Hart, L. Newman
HT29 human colorectal cancer cells, from an immortal cell line, were grown to confluence on four 11 mm coverslips in minimal essential culture medium using 60 mm culture dishes. One dish was kept as a control. Following washing with serum-free medium, 1 mg of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to the remaining three dishes. FITC-BSA was added to dish 2. Sterile gas-filled microspheres (average diameter 3 /spl mu/m) were added to dishes 3 and 4, in an approximate ratio of 230 microspheres to each cell. Dish 4 was aseptically insonated using 2.5 MHz pulsed wave diagnostic spectral Doppler ultrasound for 5 minutes. All cultures were then on-grown for a further 24 hours in minimal essential culture medium. Subsequently they were washed and dried with methanol, mounted using DPX medium and microscopically viewed. Dishes one, two and three showed low levels of background fluorescence, while dish four showed strong cellular fluorescence. The presence of microspheres during insonation facilitates the non-lethal entry of a large molecule (FITC conjugated BSA) into HT29 colorectal cancer cells.
{"title":"Ultrasound mediated transfection of HT29 colorectal cancer cells in vitro: preliminary results","authors":"R. Hart, L. Newman","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974119","url":null,"abstract":"HT29 human colorectal cancer cells, from an immortal cell line, were grown to confluence on four 11 mm coverslips in minimal essential culture medium using 60 mm culture dishes. One dish was kept as a control. Following washing with serum-free medium, 1 mg of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to the remaining three dishes. FITC-BSA was added to dish 2. Sterile gas-filled microspheres (average diameter 3 /spl mu/m) were added to dishes 3 and 4, in an approximate ratio of 230 microspheres to each cell. Dish 4 was aseptically insonated using 2.5 MHz pulsed wave diagnostic spectral Doppler ultrasound for 5 minutes. All cultures were then on-grown for a further 24 hours in minimal essential culture medium. Subsequently they were washed and dried with methanol, mounted using DPX medium and microscopically viewed. Dishes one, two and three showed low levels of background fluorescence, while dish four showed strong cellular fluorescence. The presence of microspheres during insonation facilitates the non-lethal entry of a large molecule (FITC conjugated BSA) into HT29 colorectal cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121563721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974076
T. Karaharju-Huisnan, Simon Taylor, Rezaul Begg, J. Cai, Russell Best
Normal gait has often been assumed to be symmetric, though several papers have reported the differences in gait parameters between the limbs. A few papers have discussed the temporo-spatial and kinematic symmetry in healthy adults using different statistical and mathematical calculations and no consensus exists on the methodology. The aim of this study was to define symmetry in long term treadmill walking and to compare mathematical symmetry indices. Fifteen minutes of walking of three healthy young adults was recorded bilaterally using two 50 Hz video cameras and temporal gait parameters (stance, swing and stride times) were defined using footswitches. Symmetry between the limbs was analysed using three different indices. The results indicated that despite the symmetry on the stride times, asymmetries were seen in the parameters reflecting within limb phase ratios. The three indices provided very little differences in outcome. When defining symmetry one should carefully select the analysed gait parameters.
{"title":"Gait symmetry quantification during treadmill walking","authors":"T. Karaharju-Huisnan, Simon Taylor, Rezaul Begg, J. Cai, Russell Best","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974076","url":null,"abstract":"Normal gait has often been assumed to be symmetric, though several papers have reported the differences in gait parameters between the limbs. A few papers have discussed the temporo-spatial and kinematic symmetry in healthy adults using different statistical and mathematical calculations and no consensus exists on the methodology. The aim of this study was to define symmetry in long term treadmill walking and to compare mathematical symmetry indices. Fifteen minutes of walking of three healthy young adults was recorded bilaterally using two 50 Hz video cameras and temporal gait parameters (stance, swing and stride times) were defined using footswitches. Symmetry between the limbs was analysed using three different indices. The results indicated that despite the symmetry on the stride times, asymmetries were seen in the parameters reflecting within limb phase ratios. The three indices provided very little differences in outcome. When defining symmetry one should carefully select the analysed gait parameters.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"273 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122291170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974041
G. Bueno, M. Fisher, R. Aldridge
The segmentation of therapy-relevant structures is an important but time consuming stage in radiotherapy treatment planning. This paper compares the accuracy of two automatic approaches founded in mathematical morphology by examining their performance in segmenting the bladder in CT studies of the human pelvis. Both automatic approaches are evaluated with respect to a gold standard average manual segmentation derived from delineations produced by five clinical experts. The initial results show that although the segmentations produced by both morphological operators are similar there is still a need for manual interaction.
{"title":"Segmentation of clinical structures for radiotherapy treatment planning: a comparison of two morphological approaches","authors":"G. Bueno, M. Fisher, R. Aldridge","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974041","url":null,"abstract":"The segmentation of therapy-relevant structures is an important but time consuming stage in radiotherapy treatment planning. This paper compares the accuracy of two automatic approaches founded in mathematical morphology by examining their performance in segmenting the bladder in CT studies of the human pelvis. Both automatic approaches are evaluated with respect to a gold standard average manual segmentation derived from delineations produced by five clinical experts. The initial results show that although the segmentations produced by both morphological operators are similar there is still a need for manual interaction.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132284548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974096
G. Manoharan, J.A. Santos, N. Evans, J. Anderson, Bj Kidawi, J. Allen, A. Adgey
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmias found. Its treatment requires the use of a synchronised electrical shock or drug therapy. This paper describes a new form of electrical defibrillator that employs a two-part, transdermal RF transformer to couple an on-off keyed 7.2 MHz pulse to an implanted, passive receiver; this, in turn, delivers a unipolar DC shock to the heart. Factors influencing the transformer's design are discussed and results from axial and lateral primary/secondary coil displacement trials presented. In animal studies, cardioversion was 100% successful with pulses of 100 V amplitude and 10 ms width. The implant is battery-free, which makes it an attractive and inexpensive alternative for the treatment of AF.
{"title":"Atrial defibrillation using transcutaneous radio-frequency pulse delivery","authors":"G. Manoharan, J.A. Santos, N. Evans, J. Anderson, Bj Kidawi, J. Allen, A. Adgey","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974096","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmias found. Its treatment requires the use of a synchronised electrical shock or drug therapy. This paper describes a new form of electrical defibrillator that employs a two-part, transdermal RF transformer to couple an on-off keyed 7.2 MHz pulse to an implanted, passive receiver; this, in turn, delivers a unipolar DC shock to the heart. Factors influencing the transformer's design are discussed and results from axial and lateral primary/secondary coil displacement trials presented. In animal studies, cardioversion was 100% successful with pulses of 100 V amplitude and 10 ms width. The implant is battery-free, which makes it an attractive and inexpensive alternative for the treatment of AF.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133355823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974065
I. Murray, T. Dias
For pt.I see ibid., p.129-34 (2001).The article describes the software portion of the research work that developed a prototype portable device for optically scanning embossed Braille and conversion of the scanned text to binary Braille representation. An application to convert the literary Braille code to expanded text has also been implemented. The system developed utilises a hand held scanner that captures the embossed Braille image in real time via a linear 128-pixel CCD array. A Texas Instruments Digital Signal Processor performs recognition processing.
{"title":"A portable device for optically recognizing Braille - Part II: software development","authors":"I. Murray, T. Dias","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974065","url":null,"abstract":"For pt.I see ibid., p.129-34 (2001).The article describes the software portion of the research work that developed a prototype portable device for optically scanning embossed Braille and conversion of the scanned text to binary Braille representation. An application to convert the literary Braille code to expanded text has also been implemented. The system developed utilises a hand held scanner that captures the embossed Braille image in real time via a linear 128-pixel CCD array. A Texas Instruments Digital Signal Processor performs recognition processing.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123765386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974099
M. P. Tjoa, L. Serilyn, L. W. Wei, S. Krishnan, R.C. Kugean, D. Dutt
A multivariate autoregressive (MAR) model capable of determining the dynamic interactions between the electrocardiogram (ECG), the arterial blood pressure (ABP) and respiratory signals is presented. The model is able to quantify the cross-interactions among the signals. The use of the MAR model is then demonstrated using signals obtained from the MIT-BIH database for a case with respiratory failure due to cardiac problem. MAR spectral analysis is carried out to find the correlation between two signals, (viz, ECG and ABP, ECG and Respiration). It is found that a high coherence exists in the low frequency (LF) band. The coherence analysis is then applied to a few test cases of normal and abnormal signals. An index, called coherence index, is proposed for the assessment of abnormal condition in cardiac patients. Based on the limited testing, it is observed that the coherent index is lower for abnormal signals than for the normal signals and hence the method can be helpful in the detection of abnormality of cardiac patients. A continuous variation of coherence index for a long record of data has been obtained and the plot shows significant changes as the condition of the patient deteriorates in the ICU.
{"title":"Use of multivariable autoregressive model for detection of abnormalities in cardiac patients","authors":"M. P. Tjoa, L. Serilyn, L. W. Wei, S. Krishnan, R.C. Kugean, D. Dutt","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974099","url":null,"abstract":"A multivariate autoregressive (MAR) model capable of determining the dynamic interactions between the electrocardiogram (ECG), the arterial blood pressure (ABP) and respiratory signals is presented. The model is able to quantify the cross-interactions among the signals. The use of the MAR model is then demonstrated using signals obtained from the MIT-BIH database for a case with respiratory failure due to cardiac problem. MAR spectral analysis is carried out to find the correlation between two signals, (viz, ECG and ABP, ECG and Respiration). It is found that a high coherence exists in the low frequency (LF) band. The coherence analysis is then applied to a few test cases of normal and abnormal signals. An index, called coherence index, is proposed for the assessment of abnormal condition in cardiac patients. Based on the limited testing, it is observed that the coherent index is lower for abnormal signals than for the normal signals and hence the method can be helpful in the detection of abnormality of cardiac patients. A continuous variation of coherence index for a long record of data has been obtained and the plot shows significant changes as the condition of the patient deteriorates in the ICU.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122826217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974061
Manjula Devi Sharma, Markos Markou, Sanjiv Singh
The evaluation of texture features is important for several image processing applications. Texture analysis forms the basis of object recognition and classification in several domains. There is a range of texture extraction methods and their performance evaluation is an important part of understanding the utility of feature extraction tools in image analysis. In this paper we evaluate five different feature extraction methods. These are autocorrelation, edge frequency, primitive-length., Law's method, and co-occurrence matrices. All these methods are used for texture analysis of Meastex database. This is a publicly available database and therefore a meaningful comparison between the various methods is useful to our understanding of texture algorithms. Our results show that the Law's method and co-occurrence matrix method yield the best results. The overall best results;are obtained when we use features from all five methods. Results are produced using leave-one-out method.
{"title":"Evaluation of texture methods for image analysis","authors":"Manjula Devi Sharma, Markos Markou, Sanjiv Singh","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974061","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of texture features is important for several image processing applications. Texture analysis forms the basis of object recognition and classification in several domains. There is a range of texture extraction methods and their performance evaluation is an important part of understanding the utility of feature extraction tools in image analysis. In this paper we evaluate five different feature extraction methods. These are autocorrelation, edge frequency, primitive-length., Law's method, and co-occurrence matrices. All these methods are used for texture analysis of Meastex database. This is a publicly available database and therefore a meaningful comparison between the various methods is useful to our understanding of texture algorithms. Our results show that the Law's method and co-occurrence matrix method yield the best results. The overall best results;are obtained when we use features from all five methods. Results are produced using leave-one-out method.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129550364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974085
J. Young, T. Hanselmann, A. Zaknich, Y. Attikiouzel
A novel adaptive technique is proposed for the complex-valued modified probabilistic neural network (MPNN). The adaptive feature is desirable when using the MPNN in channel equalization to track time-varying channels. The MPNN is initially trained using the clustering technique. When training is completed, the network is switched to decision-directed mode and the network parameters are adapted using stochastic gradient-based algorithms in an unsupervised manner. Simulations show that the equalizer was able to efficiently equalize 4-QAM symbol sequences transmitted through nonlinear, slowly time-varying channels.
{"title":"Adaptive complex modified probabilistic neural network in digital channel equalization","authors":"J. Young, T. Hanselmann, A. Zaknich, Y. Attikiouzel","doi":"10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANZIIS.2001.974085","url":null,"abstract":"A novel adaptive technique is proposed for the complex-valued modified probabilistic neural network (MPNN). The adaptive feature is desirable when using the MPNN in channel equalization to track time-varying channels. The MPNN is initially trained using the clustering technique. When training is completed, the network is switched to decision-directed mode and the network parameters are adapted using stochastic gradient-based algorithms in an unsupervised manner. Simulations show that the equalizer was able to efficiently equalize 4-QAM symbol sequences transmitted through nonlinear, slowly time-varying channels.","PeriodicalId":383878,"journal":{"name":"The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference, 2001","volume":"138 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128732269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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