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Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)最新文献

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Clinical impact of remote heart failure management using the multiparameter ICD HeartLogic alert 使用多参数 ICD HeartLogic 警报进行远程心衰管理的临床影响。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.006
Javier de Juan Bagudá , Rocío Cózar León , Juan J. Gavira Gómez , Marta Pachón , Josebe Goirigolzarri Artaza , Virgilio Martínez Mateo , Vanessa Escolar Pérez , Ángel Manuel Iniesta Manjavacas , Nuria Rivas Gándara , Jesús Álvarez-García , Jesús Gabriel Sánchez Ramos , Cristina Aguilera Agudo , José Manuel Rubín López , Alfonso Macías Gallego , Silvia López Fernández , Luis González Torres , Juan Gabriel Martínez , Natalia Marrero Negrín , Javier Ramos Maqueda , Mercedes Cabrera Ramos , Rafael Salguero Bodes

Introduction and objectives

The multiparametric implantable cardioverter-defibrillator HeartLogic index has proven to be a sensitive and timely predictor of impending heart failure (HF) decompensation. We evaluated the impact of a standardized follow-up protocol implemented by nursing staff and based on remote management of alerts.

Methods

The algorithm was activated in HF patients at 19 Spanish centers. Transmitted data were analyzed remotely, and patients were contacted by telephone if alerts were issued. Clinical actions were implemented remotely or through outpatient visits. The primary endpoint consisted of HF hospitalizations or death. Secondary endpoints were HF outpatient visits. We compared the 12-month periods before and after the adoption of the protocol.

Results

We analyzed 392 patients (aged 69 ± 10 years, 76% male, 50% ischemic cardiomyopathy) with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (20%) or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (80%). The primary endpoint occurred 151 times in 86 (22%) patients during the 12 months before the adoption of the protocol, and 69 times in 45 (11%) patients (P < .001) during the 12 months after its adoption. The mean number of hospitalizations per patient was 0.39 ± 0.89 pre- and 0.18 ± 0.57 postadoption (P < .001). There were 185 outpatient visits for HF in 96 (24%) patients before adoption and 64 in 48 (12%) patients after adoption (P < .001). The mean number of visits per patient was 0.47 ± 1.11 pre- and 0.16 ± 0.51 postadoption (P < .001).

Conclusions

A standardized follow-up protocol based on remote management of HeartLogic alerts enabled effective remote management of HF patients. After its adoption, we observed a significant reduction in HF hospitalizations and outpatient visits.
导言和目的:多参数植入式心律转复除颤器HeartLogic指数已被证明是预测即将发生的心力衰竭(HF)失代偿的灵敏、及时的指标。我们评估了护理人员实施的标准化随访方案对警报远程管理的影响:方法:19 个西班牙中心的心衰患者启动了该算法。对传输的数据进行远程分析,如果发出警报,则通过电话联系患者。临床行动通过远程或门诊实施。主要终点包括高血压住院或死亡。次要终点为高血压门诊量。我们对采用该方案前后 12 个月的情况进行了比较:我们对 392 名患者(年龄 69 ± 10 岁,76% 为男性,50% 为缺血性心肌病)进行了分析,其中 20% 患有植入式心律转复除颤器,80% 患有心脏再同步治疗除颤器。在采用该方案前的 12 个月内,86 名患者(22%)中有 151 次出现主要终点;在采用该方案后的 12 个月内,45 名患者(11%)中有 69 次出现主要终点(P < .001)。每位患者的平均住院次数在采用前为 0.39 ± 0.89 次,采用后为 0.18 ± 0.57 次(P < .001)。采用前,96 名患者(24%)因心房颤动就诊 185 次,采用后,48 名患者(12%)因心房颤动就诊 64 次(P < .001)。采用前每位患者的平均就诊次数为 0.47 ± 1.11 次,采用后为 0.16 ± 0.51 次(P < .001):结论:基于HeartLogic警报远程管理的标准化随访方案实现了对高血压患者的有效远程管理。采用该方案后,我们发现心房颤动住院和门诊就诊人数显著减少。
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引用次数: 0
Importance of sudden cardiac death risk assessment: the wearable cardioverter defibrillator as a bridge to transplant 心脏性猝死风险评估的重要性:可穿戴式心脏除颤器作为移植的桥梁。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.015
Borja Guerrero Cervera , Raquel López-Vilella , Víctor Donoso Trenado , Maite Izquierdo , Joaquín Osca Asensi , Luis Almenar-Bonet
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引用次数: 0
Four-dimensional intracardiac echocardiography-guided appendage occlusion 四维心内超声心动图引导下的阑尾闭塞术。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.06.011
Karim Jamhour-Chelh , Xavier Millán Álvarez , Dabit Arzamendi Aizpurua
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引用次数: 0
Acute pericarditis: when is an exhaustive search of causes needed? 急性心包炎:何时需要彻底查找病因?
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.05.016
José Rozado
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引用次数: 0
Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock 急性心肌梗死和心源性休克患者的血管内成像引导经皮冠状动脉介入治疗。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.03.009
Hyun Sung Joh , Seung Hun Lee , Jinhwan Jo , Hyun Kuk Kim , Woo-Hyun Lim , Hack-Lyoung Kim , Jae-Bin Seo , Woo-Young Chung , Sang-Hyun Kim , Joo-Hee Zo , Myung-A. Kim , Min Chul Kim , Ju Han Kim , Young Joon Hong , Young Keun Ahn , Myung Ho Jeong , Seung Ho Hur , Doo Il Kim , Kiyuk Chang , Hun Sik Park , Joo Myung Lee

Introduction and objectives

There are no clinical data on the efficacy of intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with angiography-guided PCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiogenic shock. The current study sought to evaluate the impact of intravascular imaging-guided PCI in patients with AMI and cardiogenic shock.

Methods

Among a total of 28 732 patients from the nationwide pooled registry of KAMIR-NIH (November, 2011 to December, 2015) and KAMIR-V (January, 2016 to June, 2020), we selected a total of 1833 patients (6.4%) with AMI and cardiogenic shock who underwent PCI of the culprit vessel. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 1 year, a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and definite or probable stent thrombosis.

Results

Among the study population, 375 patients (20.5%) underwent intravascular imaging-guided PCI and 1458 patients (79.5%) underwent angiography-guided PCI. Intravascular imaging-guided PCI was associated with a significantly lower risk of 1-year MACE than angiography-guided PCI (19.5% vs 28.2%; HR, 0.59; 95%CI, 0.45-0.77; P < .001), mainly driven by a lower risk of cardiac death (13.7% vs 24.0%; adjusted HR, 0.53; 95%CI, 0.39-0.72; P < .001). These results were consistent in propensity score matching (HR, 0.68; 95%CI, 0.46-0.99), inverse probability weighting (HR, 0.61; 95%CI, 0.45-0.83), and Bayesian analysis (Odds ratio, 0.66, 95% credible interval, 0.49-0.88).

Conclusions

In AMI patients with cardiogenic shock, intravascular imaging-guided PCI was associated with a lower risk of MACE at 1-year than angiography-guided PCI, mainly driven by the lower risk of cardiac death.
介绍和目的在急性心肌梗死(AMI)并发心源性休克患者中,血管内成像引导下的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)与血管造影引导下的PCI的疗效比较尚无临床数据。目前的研究旨在评估血管内成像引导的PCI对AMI和心源性休克患者的影响。方法从全国合并登记的KAMIR-NIH(2011年11月至2015年12月)和KAMIR-V(2016年1月至2020年6月)共28732例患者中,我们选择了1833例(6.4%)AMI合并心源性休克患者行罪魁祸首血管PCI。主要终点是1年的主要不良心血管事件(MACE),心源性死亡、心肌梗死、重复血运重建术和明确或可能的支架血栓形成。结果在研究人群中,375例(20.5%)患者接受了血管内成像引导下的PCI, 1458例(79.5%)患者接受了血管造影引导下的PCI。血管内成像引导的PCI与血管造影引导的PCI相比,1年MACE的风险显著降低(19.5% vs 28.2%;人力资源,0.59;95%置信区间,0.45 - -0.77;P & lt;.001),主要是由于心脏死亡风险较低(13.7% vs 24.0%;调整后的HR为0.53;95%置信区间,0.39 - -0.72;P & lt;措施)。这些结果在倾向评分匹配上是一致的(HR, 0.68;95%CI, 0.46-0.99),逆概率加权(HR, 0.61;95% ci, 0.45-0.83)和贝叶斯分析(优势比,0.66,95%可信区间,0.49-0.88)。结论在AMI合并心源性休克患者中,血管内显像引导下的PCI与血管造影引导下的PCI相比,1年MACE风险较低,主要原因是心源性死亡风险较低。
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引用次数: 0
Description and prevalence of ventricular mitral annular disjunction: variation of normality or pathological variant? 心室二尖瓣环脱节的描述和发生率:常态变异还是病理变异?
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.003
Agata Krawczyk-Ożóg , Mateusz K. Hołda , Jakub Batko , Kacper Jaśkiewicz , Artur Dziewierz , Barbara Zdzierak , Wojciech Zasada , Krzysztof Gil , Jakub Hołda

Introduction and objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate a new variation of the atrial wall-mitral annulus-ventricular wall junction along the mural mitral leaflet and commissures: the ventricular mitral annular disjunction (v-MAD). This new variant is characterized by spatial displacement of the mitral leaflet hinge line by more than 2 mm toward the left ventricle.

Methods

We examined a cohort of autopsied human hearts (n = 224, 21.9% females, 47.9 ± 17.6 years) from patients without known cardiovascular disease to identify the presence of v-MAD.

Results

More than half (57.1%) of the hearts showed no signs of MAD in the mural mitral leaflet or mitral commissures. However, v-MAD was found in 23.6% of cases, located within 20.1% of mural leaflets, 2.2% in superolateral commissures, and 1.3% in inferoseptal commissures. V-MAD was not uniformly distributed along the mitral annulus circumference, with the most frequent site being the P2 scallop (19.6% of hearts). The v-MAD height was significantly greater in mural leaflets than in commissures (4.4 mm ± 1.2 mm vs 2.1 mm ± 0.1 mm; P < .001). No specific variations in mitral valve morphology or anthropometrical features of donors were associated with the presence or distribution of v-MADs. Microscopic examinations revealed the overlap of the thin layer of atrial myocardium over ventricular myocardium in areas of v-MAD.

Conclusions

Our study is the first to present a detailed definition and morphometric description of v-MAD. Further studies should focus on the clinical significance of v-MAD to elucidate whether it represents a benign anatomical variant or a significant clinical anomaly.
简介和目的本研究的目的是研究心房壁-二尖瓣环-心室壁连接沿壁二尖瓣小叶和相交的新变异:心室二尖瓣环分离(v-MAD)。这种新的变异的特征是二尖瓣小叶铰链线向左心室的空间位移超过2mm。方法研究了一组无已知心血管疾病患者的尸检心脏(n = 224, 21.9%为女性,47.9±17.6岁),以确定是否存在v-MAD。结果超过一半(57.1%)的心脏在二尖瓣壁小叶或二尖瓣闭合处未出现MAD征象。然而,23.6%的病例发现了v-MAD,位于20.1%的壁小叶内,2.2%位于上外侧接合处,1.3%位于隔间接合处。V-MAD沿二尖瓣环周长分布不均匀,最常见的部位是P2扇贝(19.6%)。壁面小叶的v-MAD高度显著高于裂隙(4.4 mm±1.2 mm vs 2.1 mm±0.1 mm);P & lt;措施)。供体二尖瓣形态或人体测量特征的特异性变化与v-MADs的存在或分布无关。显微镜检查显示,在v-MAD区域,薄层心房心肌与心室心肌重叠。结论sour研究首次给出了v-MAD的详细定义和形态计量学描述。进一步的研究应该关注v-MAD的临床意义,以阐明它是一种良性的解剖变异还是一种重大的临床异常。
{"title":"Description and prevalence of ventricular mitral annular disjunction: variation of normality or pathological variant?","authors":"Agata Krawczyk-Ożóg ,&nbsp;Mateusz K. Hołda ,&nbsp;Jakub Batko ,&nbsp;Kacper Jaśkiewicz ,&nbsp;Artur Dziewierz ,&nbsp;Barbara Zdzierak ,&nbsp;Wojciech Zasada ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Gil ,&nbsp;Jakub Hołda","doi":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate a new variation of the atrial wall-mitral annulus-ventricular wall junction along the mural mitral leaflet and commissures: the ventricular mitral annular disjunction (v-MAD). This new variant is characterized by spatial displacement of the mitral leaflet hinge line by more than 2<!--> <!-->mm toward the left ventricle.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined a cohort of autopsied human hearts (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->224, 21.9% females, 47.9<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->17.6 years) from patients without known cardiovascular disease to identify the presence of v-MAD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More than half (57.1%) of the hearts showed no signs of MAD in the mural mitral leaflet or mitral commissures. However, v-MAD was found in 23.6% of cases, located within 20.1% of mural leaflets, 2.2% in superolateral commissures, and 1.3% in inferoseptal commissures. V-MAD was not uniformly distributed along the mitral annulus circumference, with the most frequent site being the P2 scallop (19.6% of hearts). The v-MAD height was significantly greater in mural leaflets than in commissures (4.4 mm<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.2 mm vs 2.1 mm<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.1 mm; <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.001). No specific variations in mitral valve morphology or anthropometrical features of donors were associated with the presence or distribution of v-MADs. Microscopic examinations revealed the overlap of the thin layer of atrial myocardium over ventricular myocardium in areas of v-MAD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study is the first to present a detailed definition and morphometric description of v-MAD. Further studies should focus on the clinical significance of v-MAD to elucidate whether it represents a benign anatomical variant or a significant clinical anomaly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38430,"journal":{"name":"Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)","volume":"77 12","pages":"Pages 987-994"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spanish catheter ablation registry. 23rd official report of the Heart Rhythm Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (2023) 西班牙导管消融登记。西班牙心脏病学会心律协会第 23 次正式报告(2023 年)。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.07.014
Victor Bazan , Eduardo Arana , José Manuel Rubio-Campal , David Calvo , on behalf of the collaborators of the Spanish catheter ablation registry , Luis Álvarez Acosta , Julio Hernández Afonso , Pablo Ramos Ardanaz , Pablo Peñafiel Verdú , Lucas R. Cano Calabria , Alberto Barrera Cordero , Alberto Barrera Cordero , Alberto Barrera Cordero , Alberto Barrera Cordero , Alberto Barrera Cordero , Ernesto Díaz Infante , Rocío Cózar León , Vanesa Cristina Lozano Granero , José Luis Martínez Sande , Àngel Moya Mitjans , Álvaro Marco del Castillo

Introduction and objectives

We report the results of the 2023 Spanish catheter ablation registry.

Methods

Procedural data were collected and incorporated into the REDCap platform by all participating centers through a specific form.

Results

There were 104 participating centers in 2023 compared with 103 in 2022. In 2023, the total number of ablation procedures was 26 207, indicating a stabilization of the increase observed in 2022 following the pandemic. The increase was mainly due to procedures for atrial fibrillation (AF), with a total of 9942 ablations, representing 38% of all substrates. Notably, pulse-field ablation represented 10.3% of all AF ablation procedures, leading single-shot ablation strategies to outnumber point-by-point AF ablation for the first time in the history of the registry. Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation remained the second most targeted substrate (19% of all substrates, n = 5067). The overall acute success rate remained high (97%), with a downward trend in the complication rate (1.6% vs 1.8% in 2022) and mortality rate (0.03%; n = 7). Compared with 2022, there was a significant increase in procedures performed using electro-anatomical mapping and zero-fluoroscopy techniques for cavotricuspid isthmus ablation (52% vs 26%), AV node re-entrant tachycardia (48% vs 34%), and accessory pathways (62% vs 22%). We registered 466 ablations in pediatric patients.

Conclusions

The data indicate a stabilization in the post-pandemic increase in ablation procedures, with an absolute and relative increase in AF as the predominant substrate. Success rates remained stable with a modest reduction in complication and mortality rates.
导言和目标:我们报告了 2023 年西班牙导管消融登记的结果:所有参与中心通过特定表格收集手术数据并将其纳入 REDCap 平台:结果:2023 年共有 104 个参与中心,而 2022 年为 103 个。2023 年,消融手术总数为 26 207 例,表明大流行后 2022 年观察到的增长趋于稳定。增加的主要原因是心房颤动(房颤)的消融术,共进行了9942例消融术,占所有基质的38%。值得注意的是,脉冲场消融占所有房颤消融术的10.3%,导致单次消融策略的数量在注册历史上首次超过逐点房颤消融。腔静脉峡部消融仍是第二大目标基底(占所有基底的 19%,n = 5067)。总体急性成功率仍然很高(97%),并发症发生率(1.6%,2022 年为 1.8%)和死亡率(0.03%;n = 7)呈下降趋势。与2022年相比,使用电解剖图和零荧光镜技术进行腔静脉峡消融(52% vs 26%)、房室结再入性心动过速(48% vs 34%)和附属通路消融(62% vs 22%)的手术显著增加。我们为儿童患者登记了 466 例消融术:数据表明,大流行后消融术的增加趋于稳定,房颤作为主要基底的绝对和相对增加。成功率保持稳定,并发症和死亡率略有下降。英文全文见:www.revespcardiol.org/en。
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引用次数: 0
Coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with cancer experiencing angina with nonobstructive coronary arteries. 非阻塞性冠状动脉癌性心绞痛患者的冠状动脉微血管功能障碍。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.11.005
Ilan Merdler, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Brian C Case, Hayder D Hashim, Ron Waksman, Hector M Garcia-Garcia
{"title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with cancer experiencing angina with nonobstructive coronary arteries.","authors":"Ilan Merdler, Abhishek Chaturvedi, Brian C Case, Hayder D Hashim, Ron Waksman, Hector M Garcia-Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38430,"journal":{"name":"Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comments on the 2024 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. 对2024年ESC房颤治疗指南的评论
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.011
{"title":"Comments on the 2024 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38430,"journal":{"name":"Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VE/VCO2 slope and malignant ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure. 心力衰竭患者的 VE/VCO2 斜率和恶性室性心律失常。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.010
Néstor Báez-Ferrer, Daniel Hernández-Vaquero, Pablo Avanzas, Alberto Domínguez-Rodríguez
{"title":"VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> slope and malignant ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure.","authors":"Néstor Báez-Ferrer, Daniel Hernández-Vaquero, Pablo Avanzas, Alberto Domínguez-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rec.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38430,"journal":{"name":"Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Revista española de cardiología (English ed.)
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