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Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series II: Forestry, Wood Industry, Agricultural Food Engineering最新文献

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SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF A HORIZONTAL CONVEYER-CLEANER OF ROOT CROPS 块根作物水平输送清洗机参数的确定
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.19
I. Tkachenko, R. Hevko, Мykola Gandziuk, S. Synii, O. Trokhaniak
The paper covers theoretical substantiation of the rational parameters of a horizontal conveyer-cleaner of sugar beets providing their minimum loss during process performance. The procedure of conducting experimental investigations on the developed design of a horizontal conveyer-cleaner of root crops in configuration with a root crop harvester is presented. The results of the experimental research on determining root crop loss, damage and impurity depending on the design and kinematic parameters of a cleaner are provided. In order to choose the rational parameters, specific recommendations are provided.
本文从理论上论证了甜菜水平输送清洗机的合理参数,使其在加工过程中损失最小。介绍了一种具有块根作物收割机配置的水平输送清扫器的研制设计过程。给出了根据清洗机的设计和运动参数确定根茎作物损失、损害和杂质的实验研究结果。为了选择合理的参数,提出了具体的建议。
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引用次数: 4
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FREEZE DRIED AND SPRAY DRIED BEET-ROOT POWDER ACCORDING TO PHYSICO-CHEMICAL, FUNCTIONAL AND COLOR PROPERTIES 冻干甜菜根粉与喷雾干燥甜菜根粉理化、功能及颜色特性的比较分析
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.14
Niharika Kapoor, A. Mohite, N. Sharma, Dipti Sharma
The aim of the research endeavour was to evaluate the powder properties of freeze dried and spray dried beet-root powders.The physical, proximate, color and functional properties such as water activity, wettability, solubility and hygroscopicity were studied. From the comparative analysis between freeze and spray dried beet root powder, better results were found for freeze-dried samples in terms of color, wettability and hygroscopicity. Freeze-dried samples required a longer amount of time to obtain into powder form as compared to spray dried samples. Whereas the solubility and water activity values were found slightly higher in spray dried samples as compared to freeze dried samples. The proximate analysis, such as crude fiber, crude fat, ash and carbohydrate values recorded better result for freeze dried samples as compared to spray dried samples. It can be concluded from this study that the beet root, when dried in the freeze drying process, has better results as compared to the spray drying process.
研究的目的是评估冷冻干燥和喷雾干燥甜菜根粉末的粉末特性。研究了其物理、近似、颜色和功能特性,如水活度、润湿性、溶解度和吸湿性。冻干和喷雾干燥的甜菜根粉对比分析,冻干样品在颜色、润湿性和吸湿性方面效果更好。与喷雾干燥样品相比,冻干样品需要更长的时间才能获得粉末形式。然而,与冻干样品相比,喷雾干燥样品的溶解度和水活度值略高。与喷雾干燥样品相比,冷冻干燥样品的粗纤维、粗脂肪、灰分和碳水化合物值等近似分析结果更好。从本研究可以得出结论,甜菜根在冷冻干燥过程中的干燥效果优于喷雾干燥过程。
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引用次数: 1
DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF ONION PROCESSING WASTE 洋葱加工废料的干燥特性
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.17
T. Prokopov, Maryia Georgieva, M. Nikolova, D. Atanasov, D. Taneva
Onion processing waste (OPW) was dried in a convective hot-air laboratory scale dryer at 50, 60, 70 and 80ºC. The effect of drying temperature on the drying characteristics and on the total phenolic and total flavonoid content of dried samples was determined. Three mostly used models were applied for fitting the experimental drying curves. The results indicated that the constant rate-drying period was not observed and that the logarithmic model was the most suitable for fitting the experimental drying kinetic data. The drying temperature significantly affected the total phenolic and total flavonoid content of dried OPW. The values of effective diffusivity were calculated and the determined value of activation energy was 28.05 kJ/mol.
洋葱加工废料(OPW)在50、60、70和80℃的对流热风实验室规模干燥机中干燥。测定了干燥温度对干燥特性及干燥样品中总酚和总黄酮含量的影响。采用三种常用模型拟合实验干燥曲线。结果表明,干燥过程中未观察到恒速干燥周期,对数模型最适合拟合实验干燥动力学数据。干燥温度对干燥后的黄酮和总酚含量有显著影响。计算了有效扩散系数,确定活化能为28.05 kJ/mol。
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引用次数: 0
ASSESSMENT OF LAND COVER CHANGES DUE TO ANTHROPOGENIC CAUSES IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREA OF ISHKOMAN WATERSHED, GILGIT, PAKISTAN 巴基斯坦吉尔吉特伊什科曼流域山区人为原因引起的土地覆盖变化评估
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.3
Komal Nabi, K. Ali, M. Ashraf, A. Imran, N. Ahmad
Remote Sensing (RS) provides the best ways to monitor temporal changes and to understand land use dynamics. Remote sensing analysis can be further enhanced when community perception regarding major drivers of change is integrated. The present study was an attempt to assess the land use land cover changes in the Ishkoman watershed in the Ghizer district. The study explored Landsat-5 and Landsat-8 images to assess the LULC dynamics from 1998 to 2018, and also used questionnaires for community perception regarding LULC changes in the past two decades. Supervised classification was used to monitor changes between 1998 and 2018 and the maximum likelihood technique was used to categorize the pixels into six classes: vegetation/forest area, bare rocks, water bodies, glaciers/snow area, rivers, water, and agriculture. Regarding the questionnaires, the correlation matrix and regression models were developed between independent variables (population, land type cleared, and extra land required for new family members) and dependent variables (land use dynamics factors and socio-economic variables). The results showed that all six land cover classes have shown temporal changes between 1998-2018 and the most significant change was observed in forests and pastures (which decreased from 18.7% to 5.9 %). Similarly, glaciers, water, rivers, and agriculture have changed from 13.1, 6.5, 9.3, 1.5 to 15.8, 4.0, 11.32, 3.1, respectively between 1998-2018. The largest change was observed in bare rocks which increased from 50.2 % to 60.06%. Moreover, temporal NDVI analysis showed a decrease in vegetation cover (conversion to bare rocks) between 1998-2018. The questionnaire results revealed that the highest correlation was shown between population increase and decrease in crop production (R2 = -0.348), whereas the lowest correlation was found in population increase and population access to bus stops (R2 = -0.167). Similarly, the highest correlation was found between access to roads and markets (R2 = 0.349) and dependent variable (land type cleared), whereas the lowest correlobserved in access to water resources (R2 = -0.021). The study concluded that land use land cover has been significantly changed from 1998 to 2018 in the Ishkoman Watershed. The study suggested more in-depth research to examine land use land cover changes at finer scales by using high resolution satellite imagery, and conducting details surveys regarding the underlying anthropogenic causes of land use dynamics.
遥感(RS)提供了监测时间变化和了解土地利用动态的最佳方法。当社区对变化的主要驱动因素的认识得到整合时,遥感分析可以进一步加强。本研究旨在评价吉泽尔地区伊什科曼流域土地利用和土地覆被的变化。该研究利用Landsat-5和Landsat-8图像来评估1998年至2018年的LULC动态,并使用问卷调查来了解社区对过去20年LULC变化的看法。利用监督分类技术监测1998年至2018年间的变化,并利用最大似然技术将像元分为6类:植被/林区、裸岩、水体、冰川/雪区、河流、水和农业。在问卷调查中,建立了自变量(人口、开垦土地类型、新增家庭成员所需额外土地)与因变量(土地利用动态因素和社会经济变量)之间的相关矩阵和回归模型。结果表明,1998-2018年间,所有6个土地覆盖类别都出现了时间变化,其中森林和牧场的变化最为显著(从18.7%降至5.9%)。同样,1998年至2018年间,冰川、水、河流和农业分别从13.1、6.5、9.3、1.5变化为15.8、4.0、11.32、3.1。裸露岩石的变化最大,从50.2%增加到60.06%。此外,时间NDVI分析显示,1998-2018年期间植被覆盖减少(转化为裸岩)。调查结果显示,人口增长与农作物产量下降的相关性最高(R2 = -0.348),而人口增长与公交站点的相关性最低(R2 = -0.167)。同样,道路和市场的可及性(R2 = 0.349)与因变量(土地清理类型)之间的相关性最高,而水资源的可及性最低(R2 = -0.021)。该研究得出结论,1998年至2018年,Ishkoman流域的土地利用和土地覆盖发生了显著变化。该研究建议进行更深入的研究,通过使用高分辨率卫星图像,在更精细的尺度上检查土地利用和土地覆盖的变化,并对土地利用动态的潜在人为原因进行详细调查。
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引用次数: 0
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE THERMOSONICATION OPERATION ON DOOGH QUALITY AND ON THE SURVIVAL OF KLUYVEROMYCES MARXIANUS 热超声处理对面团品质及马氏克鲁维菌存活影响的研究
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.11
Z. Didar
Doogh is an Iranian drink produced from yoghurt. Swelling is an undesirable change of Doogh, usually caused by Kluyveromyces marxianus. The aim of this study was the investigation of the effect of the thermosonication process on Kluyveromyces marxianus survival as well as the determination of the impact of this process on other quality parameters (viscosity and serum separation). For this reason, Kluyveromyces marxianus (about 105 cells per milliliter) inoculated into Doogh samples, thereafter samples being exposed to various thermosonication process conditions. Results showed that the thermosonication operation resulted in the reduction of the yeast population of Doogh samples (p <0.05). The lowest yeast population was observed in the sample subjected to acoustic density=1w/ml, T= 60°C and t=30min (1.7±0.01CFU/ml). Other operation conditions also had impact on yeast survival (p <0.05). Thermosonication also had significant effects on the viscosity of the Doogh samples. Serum separation of samples was also measured and observation implied changing serum separation magnitude between different samples in comparison with the control sample (p <0.05).
Doogh是一种由酸奶制成的伊朗饮料。肿胀是一种不受欢迎的皮肤变化,通常是由克卢维菌引起的。本研究的目的是研究热超声处理过程对马氏克鲁维菌存活的影响,并确定该过程对其他质量参数(粘度和血清分离)的影响。为此,将马氏克卢维菌(每毫升约105个细胞)接种到Doogh样品中,然后将样品暴露于各种热超声处理条件下。结果表明,热超声处理可使Doogh样品的酵母数量减少(p <0.05)。在声密度为1w/ml、温度为60°C、温度为30min的条件下,酵母数量最低(1.7±0.01CFU/ml)。其他操作条件对酵母存活也有影响(p <0.05)。热超声处理对Doogh样品的粘度也有显著影响。同时测定了不同样品的血清分离度,观察结果显示不同样品与对照组相比血清分离度的变化(p <0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
TREE SPECIES CULTIVATION ON SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURAL FIELDS IN NORTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA 埃塞俄比亚西北部自给农田树种栽培
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.2
Alebel Melaku
The study was intended to identify species preferences, the relationship between livelihood status and tree planting, and the major tree growing patterns of smallholder subsistence farmers in rural Ethiopia. Data was collected through household interviews and the total enumeration of all tree species on respondents’ landholdings. A total of 23 tree species were recorded integrated within the farming landscape as boundary plantings, scattered on crop fields, around the homestead and woodlots. There was a significant difference in the mean number of trees per household across the three wealth classes. Among the three wealth classes, the medium wealth category households have a relatively higher number of tree species than rich and poor households (p<0.05). Considering the ever-increasing population and the resulting demand for construction poles, fuelwood, household utensils, farm implements, and the fast-growing performance of the species, Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. was the first preferred tree species to households for planting. Tree integration in the farming landscape should be recognized since it will be invaluable in developing plans for agroforestry interventions. However, exotic tree species have dominated the status of indigenous tree species. Then, there should be a continuous and detailed extension system to upgrade the traditional management system and the tree selection to be integrated.
这项研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚农村小农的树种偏好、生计状况与植树之间的关系以及主要的树木种植模式。数据是通过入户访谈和调查对象土地占有情况的所有树种总数来收集的。共有23种树种被记录为农业景观中的边界植物,分散在农田、宅基地和林地周围。在三个财富阶层中,每户平均树木数量存在显著差异。在三个财富类别中,中等财富类别家庭的树种数量相对高于富裕和贫困家庭(p<0.05)。考虑到不断增长的人口和由此产生的对建筑杆、薪材、家用器具、农具的需求,以及该物种快速增长的性能,桉树camaldulensis Dehnh。是家庭种植的首选树种。应认识到树木与农业景观的结合,因为它对制定农林业干预计划将是非常宝贵的。然而,外来树种已经占据了本土树种的主导地位。其次,要有一个持续细致的延伸体系,对传统的管理体系进行升级,对树木的选择进行整合。
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引用次数: 2
WOOD AS A BIOFUEL IN ROMANIA: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE ON DISCREPANT REPORTED NUMBERS 罗马尼亚的木材作为生物燃料:从社会经济角度看不同的报告数字
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.1
Gabriel Baban, B. Popa
Nearly 50% of Romanian households use wood as a source of heating. A series of contradicting official reports regarding the demand and supply of firewood in Romania indicates that the consumed volume is higher than the available quantity. This study aims to characterise the dynamics of the firewood market and shed light on the officially reported figures. We analysed certain variables and their influence on firewood demand for six consecutive years. The demand was significantly higher than the supply and was strongly correlated with the unemployment rate. This socio-economic facet leads us to believe that abruptly diminishing fuelwood consumption is an unrealistic policy objective of the authorities.
近50%的罗马尼亚家庭使用木材作为供暖来源。关于罗马尼亚木柴需求和供应的一系列相互矛盾的官方报告表明,消耗的数量高于可获得的数量。本研究旨在描述木柴市场的动态特征,并阐明官方报告的数据。我们连续六年分析了一些变量及其对木柴需求的影响。需求明显高于供给,且与失业率密切相关。这一社会经济因素使我们相信,突然减少薪材消费是当局的一个不切实际的政策目标。
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引用次数: 0
COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF CYSTOSEIRA BARBATA FROM THE BLACK SEA 黑海barbata的成分组成及抗氧化潜力
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.31926/but.fwiafe.2021.14.63.1.15
Z. Manev, N. Petkova
The purpose of this study was to analyze some chemical elements and to determine the content of total phenols and pigments in the brown seaweed Cystoseira barbata from Rusalka Cape near the Black Sea. In addition, the antioxidant potential of this algae was also evaluated by four methods based on different mechanisms. The obtained results were compared with other scientific studies related to inorganic and organized compositions of Cystoseira barbata from different marine regions.It was found that the seaweed from Rusalka Cape contained high values of manganese, chromium and boron and a high concentration of carotenoids. Therefore, this seaweed was evaluated as a source of microelements, carotenoids and antioxidants.
本研究的目的是分析黑海附近鲁萨尔卡角褐藻中的一些化学元素,并测定其总酚和色素的含量。此外,根据不同的作用机制,采用四种方法对该藻类的抗氧化潜力进行了评价。并对不同海域barbata的无机和有组织成分进行了比较。研究发现,鲁萨尔卡角的海藻含有高含量的锰、铬和硼以及高浓度的类胡萝卜素。因此,这种海藻被评价为微量元素、类胡萝卜素和抗氧化剂的来源。
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引用次数: 4
Ozone Generation Using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Increasing Food Shelf Life 利用介质阻挡放电反应器产生臭氧以延长食品保质期
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.8
Y. Bellebna, Yassine Khalfi
{"title":"Ozone Generation Using a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor for Increasing Food Shelf Life","authors":"Y. Bellebna, Yassine Khalfi","doi":"10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38505,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series II: Forestry, Wood Industry, Agricultural Food Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73226034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Influence of Artificial Ageing on Selected Properties of Wood Surfaces Finished with Traditional Materials - an Assessment for Conservation Purposes 人工老化对传统材料加工的木材表面选定性能的影响——保护目的评估
Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.7
M. Timar, A. Varodi, X. Y. Liu
{"title":"The Influence of Artificial Ageing on Selected Properties of Wood Surfaces Finished with Traditional Materials - an Assessment for Conservation Purposes","authors":"M. Timar, A. Varodi, X. Y. Liu","doi":"10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/BUT.FWIAFE.2020.13.62.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38505,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series II: Forestry, Wood Industry, Agricultural Food Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90559384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series II: Forestry, Wood Industry, Agricultural Food Engineering
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