Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.03
Volodymyr Milykh
Introduction. The magnetic fields and the corresponding magnetic conductivities of the slot dispersion of the stator winding of three-phase induction motors (IM) are studied. Such studies are relevant in their design and are one of the bases for calculating a number of energy parameters and characteristics of motors. In the classical design of an IM, which is still valid, the specified magnetic conductivities are determined analytically according to the simplified slot dispersion model, therefore they may not always provide sufficient accuracy due to a number of assumptions and conventions. Goal. Further development of the IM design system by means of a numerical-field calculation analysis of the magnetic conductivity of the slot dispersion of their stator winding, as well as a comparative check of the relevant analytical formulas from various methods of classical design. Results. The slot dispersion of IM is determined by numerical calculations using the FEMM program within the stator tooth steps. For the research, four variants of the shapes of the stator slots, which are common in modern IMs of small and medium power, are accepted. In the calculations, calculation models with strongly saturated and unsaturated in the magnetic relation with the stator core teeth are considered. The numerical-field method shows that the classical design method can give both sufficiently accurate results and unacceptable errors in determining the magnetic conductivities of slot dispersion of IM. Discussion and prospects for further development. The provided numerical-field analysis method and the obtained results of the calculation of slot dispersion of IM windings are recommended as a basis for improving the system of their design.
简介对三相异步电机（IM）定子绕组槽散的磁场和相应的磁导率进行了研究。这些研究与电机设计相关，是计算电机一系列能量参数和特性的基础之一。在目前仍然有效的传统异步电机设计中，指定的磁导率是根据简化的槽分散模型通过分析确定的，因此，由于一些假设和约定俗成的原因，这些磁导率并不总能提供足够的准确性。目标通过对定子绕组槽散磁的磁导率进行数值场计算分析，以及对各种经典设计方法的相关分析公式进行比较检查，进一步开发 IM 设计系统。结果IM 的槽散是通过定子齿步内的 FEMM 程序进行数值计算确定的。研究采用了现代中小功率 IM 中常见的四种定子槽形状。在计算中，考虑了与定子铁芯齿之间的磁力关系为强饱和和非饱和的计算模型。数值-场方法表明，经典设计方法既能给出足够精确的结果，也能在确定 IM 槽散磁导率时给出不可接受的误差。讨论和进一步发展前景。建议将所提供的数值-场分析方法和所获得的 IM 绕组槽分散计算结果作为改进其设计系统的基础。
{"title":"Numerical-field analysis of the magnetic conductivity of the slot dispersion of the stator winding of induction motors","authors":"Volodymyr Milykh","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The magnetic fields and the corresponding magnetic conductivities of the slot dispersion of the stator winding of three-phase induction motors (IM) are studied. Such studies are relevant in their design and are one of the bases for calculating a number of energy parameters and characteristics of motors. In the classical design of an IM, which is still valid, the specified magnetic conductivities are determined analytically according to the simplified slot dispersion model, therefore they may not always provide sufficient accuracy due to a number of assumptions and conventions. Goal. Further development of the IM design system by means of a numerical-field calculation analysis of the magnetic conductivity of the slot dispersion of their stator winding, as well as a comparative check of the relevant analytical formulas from various methods of classical design. Results. The slot dispersion of IM is determined by numerical calculations using the FEMM program within the stator tooth steps. For the research, four variants of the shapes of the stator slots, which are common in modern IMs of small and medium power, are accepted. In the calculations, calculation models with strongly saturated and unsaturated in the magnetic relation with the stator core teeth are considered. The numerical-field method shows that the classical design method can give both sufficiently accurate results and unacceptable errors in determining the magnetic conductivities of slot dispersion of IM. Discussion and prospects for further development. The provided numerical-field analysis method and the obtained results of the calculation of slot dispersion of IM windings are recommended as a basis for improving the system of their design.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"23 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.08
Yuri Antonets, A. Shurupova, L. Shchebeniuk, Oksana Holyk
With the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics production, the mechanical strength of which in operation directly depends on the flame retardant content and application technology, it becomes important to control the cable sheath mechanical characteristics in a fireproof design. Polymeric materials and their compositions are viscoelastic materials for which the mechanical properties depend on the technological process of extrusion. The results of estimating the elongation at break of samples from the uniaxial stretching. It is shown that the inner and outer layers of the halogen-free plastic cable sheath have significantly different values of the plasticity normative parameter: differences evidence in the polymer structure in the inner and outer layers of the sheath due to the forced deformation process during extrusion, which is forced polymer structure orientation. It is shown that the inner and outer layers of the halogen-free plastic cable sheath have significantly different values of the relative change in specific mass of polymer samples. Analysis of the statistical covariance of the relative elongation at break and of the relative change in specific mass of polymer samples different in structure similar filled halogen-free polymers. With the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics application technology, it becomes important to control the cable sheath mechanical characteristics in fireproof design for the inner and outer layers
{"title":"The mechanical strength of which in operation directly of the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics production","authors":"Yuri Antonets, A. Shurupova, L. Shchebeniuk, Oksana Holyk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics production, the mechanical strength of which in operation directly depends on the flame retardant content and application technology, it becomes important to control the cable sheath mechanical characteristics in a fireproof design. Polymeric materials and their compositions are viscoelastic materials for which the mechanical properties depend on the technological process of extrusion. The results of estimating the elongation at break of samples from the uniaxial stretching. It is shown that the inner and outer layers of the halogen-free plastic cable sheath have significantly different values of the plasticity normative parameter: differences evidence in the polymer structure in the inner and outer layers of the sheath due to the forced deformation process during extrusion, which is forced polymer structure orientation. It is shown that the inner and outer layers of the halogen-free plastic cable sheath have significantly different values of the relative change in specific mass of polymer samples. Analysis of the statistical covariance of the relative elongation at break and of the relative change in specific mass of polymer samples different in structure similar filled halogen-free polymers. With the introduction into highly filled halogen-free plastics application technology, it becomes important to control the cable sheath mechanical characteristics in fireproof design for the inner and outer layers","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"29 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.08
V. Shaida, O. Yurieva
Purpose. To determine the effectiveness of the application of hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power. Estimate the influence of the location of the permanent magnet of the main pole core on the magnitude of the magnetic flux created by it. Methodology. The classical theory of electric machines, the calculation of the magnetic field by the finite element method and analytical comparison were used to conduct the research. Results. The feasibility of using hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power has been confirmed. The use of hybrid excitation in an experimental direct current motor made it possible to increase the excitation magnetic flux by 11%. This will make it possible to reduce the current load of the excitation winding, increase the reliability of the motor and reduce electrical losses on the excitation. The optimal location of the permanent magnet, according to the criterion of the maximum magnetic excitation flux, is its location at the main pole shoe along the air gap. Originality. The difference between the conducted research and others is that the condition of the research was to keep the dimensions of its motor, the excitation winding and the interpoles winding unchanged. Practical value. The obtained results will allow the designers of dc motors with hybrid excitation to avoid wrong decisions during further research and development of these motors.
{"title":"Application of hybrid excitation in a DC motor for drive of transport rolls in metallurgical industry","authors":"V. Shaida, O. Yurieva","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To determine the effectiveness of the application of hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power. Estimate the influence of the location of the permanent magnet of the main pole core on the magnitude of the magnetic flux created by it. Methodology. The classical theory of electric machines, the calculation of the magnetic field by the finite element method and analytical comparison were used to conduct the research. Results. The feasibility of using hybrid excitation for DC motors of medium power has been confirmed. The use of hybrid excitation in an experimental direct current motor made it possible to increase the excitation magnetic flux by 11%. This will make it possible to reduce the current load of the excitation winding, increase the reliability of the motor and reduce electrical losses on the excitation. The optimal location of the permanent magnet, according to the criterion of the maximum magnetic excitation flux, is its location at the main pole shoe along the air gap. Originality. The difference between the conducted research and others is that the condition of the research was to keep the dimensions of its motor, the excitation winding and the interpoles winding unchanged. Practical value. The obtained results will allow the designers of dc motors with hybrid excitation to avoid wrong decisions during further research and development of these motors.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130133118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.11
Ivan Kostjukov, Borys Kubryk
The article is devoted to the development of a method of measuring partial capacitances between the electrically conductive structural elements of a capacitive tested object with three electrodes. The developed method involves the applying of resistive-capacitive grounding of the investigated insulation layer with subsequent gradual adjustment of the value of the auxiliary resistor, through which the investigated insulation layer is grounded, to the value at which the phase shift between the voltage on the investigated insulation layer and the auxiliary capacity will be equal to 0º. The results of the calculations showed that in this case the voltage between the electrodes depends only on the capacitive elements of the circuit, and does not depend on the electrical resistance caused by dielectric losses. After measuring the voltages on the elements of the substitution scheme followed by similar re-adjustment of the value of the auxiliary resistor, for a different value of the capacity of the auxiliary capacitor, it is possible to form a system of equations, the solution of which allows you to determine the unknown values of the partial capacities of the insulation layers. The developed method can be used to determine each partial capacitance of the object of control with three electrodes and does not require the use of 3-terminal immittance meters and the use of application-based cumulative measurement survey techniques
{"title":"Method of measurement of partial capacitances for tested objects with three electrodes","authors":"Ivan Kostjukov, Borys Kubryk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the development of a method of measuring partial capacitances between the electrically conductive structural elements of a capacitive tested object with three electrodes. The developed method involves the applying of resistive-capacitive grounding of the investigated insulation layer with subsequent gradual adjustment of the value of the auxiliary resistor, through which the investigated insulation layer is grounded, to the value at which the phase shift between the voltage on the investigated insulation layer and the auxiliary capacity will be equal to 0º. The results of the calculations showed that in this case the voltage between the electrodes depends only on the capacitive elements of the circuit, and does not depend on the electrical resistance caused by dielectric losses. After measuring the voltages on the elements of the substitution scheme followed by similar re-adjustment of the value of the auxiliary resistor, for a different value of the capacity of the auxiliary capacitor, it is possible to form a system of equations, the solution of which allows you to determine the unknown values of the partial capacities of the insulation layers. The developed method can be used to determine each partial capacitance of the object of control with three electrodes and does not require the use of 3-terminal immittance meters and the use of application-based cumulative measurement survey techniques","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134133349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.09
V. Kalinchyk, Aleksandr Meita, V. Pobigaylo, V. Kalinchyk, O. Borychenko, Olexandr Kopchikov
The article examines the methods of forecasting the electrical load of production facilities. It is shown that it is best to focus on the methods of power consumption management, which are based on the study of forecast estimates, which are the initial information for making management decisions. It is shown that the main requirements for forecasting models are fairly high accuracy of forecasting and simplicity of algorithms. It is shown that in automated power consumption management systems, due to the lack of study of the nature of the forecasted process, insufficient reliability of the source information, the most appropriate is an adaptive approach to the construction of forecasting models. Adaptive forecasting methods and, first of all, the method of exponential smoothing should be put first in terms of ease of implementation and calculation time. In the work, a generalized model of operational forecasting of electricity consumption was obtained, which is easily transformed into an exponential smoothing model and can be extended to use other (except polynomial) functions. It is shown that in relation to processes with deterministic polynomial bases, the generalized model of operational forecasting gives the same result as exponential smoothing.
{"title":"Generalized model of adaptive forecasting of electricity consumption modes of production facilities","authors":"V. Kalinchyk, Aleksandr Meita, V. Pobigaylo, V. Kalinchyk, O. Borychenko, Olexandr Kopchikov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the methods of forecasting the electrical load of production facilities. It is shown that it is best to focus on the methods of power consumption management, which are based on the study of forecast estimates, which are the initial information for making management decisions. It is shown that the main requirements for forecasting models are fairly high accuracy of forecasting and simplicity of algorithms. It is shown that in automated power consumption management systems, due to the lack of study of the nature of the forecasted process, insufficient reliability of the source information, the most appropriate is an adaptive approach to the construction of forecasting models. Adaptive forecasting methods and, first of all, the method of exponential smoothing should be put first in terms of ease of implementation and calculation time. In the work, a generalized model of operational forecasting of electricity consumption was obtained, which is easily transformed into an exponential smoothing model and can be extended to use other (except polynomial) functions. It is shown that in relation to processes with deterministic polynomial bases, the generalized model of operational forecasting gives the same result as exponential smoothing.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123116921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.04
Mykhailo Panteliat, Pavlo Miasoedov
Since June 2022, Ukraine has the status of a candidate country for joining the European Union (EU). On the way to the EU, Ukraine needs to carry out a number of reforms and fully adapt national legislation in accordance with European criteria. This also applies to the regulatory framework regarding electromagnetic compatibility. In this regard, the work presents the features, structure and main functions of the modern general system and standardization bodies on electromagnetic compatibility of technical objects and systems operating in the European Union at both the international (pan-European) and national levels. With regard to a specific EU member state, the paper considers the example of the Federal Republic of Germany.
{"title":"Electromagnetic compatibility of technical objects and systems: overview of the system and standardization bodies of the European Union and the Federal Republic of Germany","authors":"Mykhailo Panteliat, Pavlo Miasoedov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Since June 2022, Ukraine has the status of a candidate country for joining the European Union (EU). On the way to the EU, Ukraine needs to carry out a number of reforms and fully adapt national legislation in accordance with European criteria. This also applies to the regulatory framework regarding electromagnetic compatibility. In this regard, the work presents the features, structure and main functions of the modern general system and standardization bodies on electromagnetic compatibility of technical objects and systems operating in the European Union at both the international (pan-European) and national levels. With regard to a specific EU member state, the paper considers the example of the Federal Republic of Germany.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115527046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.06
V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk
AC collector motors with power from tens to hundreds of watts are widely used in electric drives of flexible production systems, industrial robots, automation systems and vehicles. The most common is the use of universal alternating current collector electric motors. They are called universal because they can work from both an alternating current and a direct current network. They have the ability to smoothly change the speed of rotation of the drive - its shaft, which sets the executive mechanism in motion. An actual direction is conducting experimental studies of universal alternating current collector motors, which are used as a drive for hand-held power tools. This is done through the use of a specially developed experimental stand that takes into account the peculiarities of the operation of such electric motors. The purpose of the work is an experimental study of a universal AC collector motor to evaluate its parameters and characteristics. To evaluate the parameters and characteristics of such a motor for the drive of a hand-held electric tool, an experimental stand was developed, which takes into account the high speed of rotation of the output shaft of the device and allows smoothly changing the load to obtain operating characteristics. The hand-held electric tool of the world-famous manufacturer Makita, model GA5030, is used as the research object. Structurally, the drive motor is a collector machine of variable voltage with series excitation. The speed of rotation of such motors is regulated by changing the power supply voltage supplied to the motor. The structure of the experimental stand for the study of high-speed universal collector machines was developed, all components were selected and the stand was correctly assembled, according to the developed basic electrical and assembly diagram. Using the developed stand, the operating characteristics of the engine under study P1, Ia, η, cosϕ, n, M= f(P2) were recorded. The engine under study meets the stated characteristics. The value of the nominal efficiency is within 36% with a rather large value of the power factor cosϕ≈0.98.
{"title":"Experimental study of a universal high-speed ac collector motor","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"AC collector motors with power from tens to hundreds of watts are widely used in electric drives of flexible production systems, industrial robots, automation systems and vehicles. The most common is the use of universal alternating current collector electric motors. They are called universal because they can work from both an alternating current and a direct current network. They have the ability to smoothly change the speed of rotation of the drive - its shaft, which sets the executive mechanism in motion. An actual direction is conducting experimental studies of universal alternating current collector motors, which are used as a drive for hand-held power tools. This is done through the use of a specially developed experimental stand that takes into account the peculiarities of the operation of such electric motors. The purpose of the work is an experimental study of a universal AC collector motor to evaluate its parameters and characteristics. To evaluate the parameters and characteristics of such a motor for the drive of a hand-held electric tool, an experimental stand was developed, which takes into account the high speed of rotation of the output shaft of the device and allows smoothly changing the load to obtain operating characteristics. The hand-held electric tool of the world-famous manufacturer Makita, model GA5030, is used as the research object. Structurally, the drive motor is a collector machine of variable voltage with series excitation. The speed of rotation of such motors is regulated by changing the power supply voltage supplied to the motor. The structure of the experimental stand for the study of high-speed universal collector machines was developed, all components were selected and the stand was correctly assembled, according to the developed basic electrical and assembly diagram. Using the developed stand, the operating characteristics of the engine under study P1, Ia, η, cosϕ, n, M= f(P2) were recorded. The engine under study meets the stated characteristics. The value of the nominal efficiency is within 36% with a rather large value of the power factor cosϕ≈0.98.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124019722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.02
Y. Zorin, Oleksandr Chepelіuk
This paper pays attention to a single-phase voltage control relays work algorithms that are used for protection of the household consumers of electrical energy from unacceptable voltage deviations within power supply network. An overview, analysis and description of operation algorithms, voltage measurements and thresholds of current voltage control relays, based on microprocessors and microcontrollers have been carried out. The conducted overview and analysis systematizes information on the technical and functional features of the operational design, work algorithms, circuits and components of the mentioned relays and demonstrates the prospects for development of voltage relay operational algorithms and protective characteristics according to existing International standards. The protective characteristics and standards of power quality have been outlined and illustrated by the authors in detail. The voltage measuring and digital signal processing (signal filtering) algorithms in modified voltage relay are described as well. Also represented a novel approach in design of operation algorithms taking into account of positive sides in existing voltage control relays and new sintesed algorithms including concept of voltage measurement and decision making algorithms for a new single-phase voltage control relays for household consumers. A generalization and conclusion are made concerning the improved operation algorithm in the voltage control relay for protection of household consumers.
{"title":"Improvement of microprocessor voltage control relay operation algorithms for single-phase household consumers","authors":"Y. Zorin, Oleksandr Chepelіuk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper pays attention to a single-phase voltage control relays work algorithms that are used for protection of the household consumers of electrical energy from unacceptable voltage deviations within power supply network. An overview, analysis and description of operation algorithms, voltage measurements and thresholds of current voltage control relays, based on microprocessors and microcontrollers have been carried out. The conducted overview and analysis systematizes information on the technical and functional features of the operational design, work algorithms, circuits and components of the mentioned relays and demonstrates the prospects for development of voltage relay operational algorithms and protective characteristics according to existing International standards. The protective characteristics and standards of power quality have been outlined and illustrated by the authors in detail. The voltage measuring and digital signal processing (signal filtering) algorithms in modified voltage relay are described as well. Also represented a novel approach in design of operation algorithms taking into account of positive sides in existing voltage control relays and new sintesed algorithms including concept of voltage measurement and decision making algorithms for a new single-phase voltage control relays for household consumers. A generalization and conclusion are made concerning the improved operation algorithm in the voltage control relay for protection of household consumers.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126025549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.10
Nataliya Kriukova, Vladyslav Markov, Ye. Honcharov, I. Polyakov
The low structural reliability of overhead lines, due to continuous climatic influence, becomes the cause of electrical network accidents and unreliable power supply. Ensuring the trouble-free operation of overhead lines is a complex task, the solution of which is of the utmost importance for the normal functioning of the entire infrastructure. In the autumn-winter period, difficult weather conditions almost completely exclude the quick completion of repair works. A fairly large share of accidents occurs during the formation of icy deposits on wires and lightning protection cables. Today, visual inspections of high-voltage power lines remain the main way of diagnosing icy deposits. In practice, it is necessary to equip overhead lines with ice load telemetry devices, which will allow monitoring the formation of ice deposits on wires in real time. The following diagnostic methods are used in modern ice monitoring devices: strainometric, fiber-optic, aerodynamic, locational, and instrumental-parametric. The tensiometric method of diagnosis is implemented by means of direct measurement of the icy load on the wire with subsequent comparison of the measured values with predetermined values of the threshold loads. To implement this diagnostic method, magnetoelastic force measuring sensors are used. Such a sensor is connected between the traverse of the U-shaped support and the upper end of the corresponding garland of insulators with a phase wire. Ice, wind and ice-wind loads are measured separately. This method has a limited scope of application, namely for diagnosing the formation of ice on the phase wires of intermediate spans of single-circuit lines with two-post U-shaped resistances. The fiber-optic method of strain gauge measurements is implemented in object control systems under difficult operating conditions, at nuclear power plants. The mechanical effort sensor (fiber-optic strain sensor) implements the fiber-optic method of strain measurement. Fiber-optic strain sensors are characterized by high accuracy due to resistance to interference and complexity of execution.
{"title":"Comparison of methods for monitoring icing of high-voltage power lines and an overview of measuring equipment used to diagnose such lines","authors":"Nataliya Kriukova, Vladyslav Markov, Ye. Honcharov, I. Polyakov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The low structural reliability of overhead lines, due to continuous climatic influence, becomes the cause of electrical network accidents and unreliable power supply. Ensuring the trouble-free operation of overhead lines is a complex task, the solution of which is of the utmost importance for the normal functioning of the entire infrastructure. In the autumn-winter period, difficult weather conditions almost completely exclude the quick completion of repair works. A fairly large share of accidents occurs during the formation of icy deposits on wires and lightning protection cables. Today, visual inspections of high-voltage power lines remain the main way of diagnosing icy deposits. In practice, it is necessary to equip overhead lines with ice load telemetry devices, which will allow monitoring the formation of ice deposits on wires in real time. The following diagnostic methods are used in modern ice monitoring devices: strainometric, fiber-optic, aerodynamic, locational, and instrumental-parametric. The tensiometric method of diagnosis is implemented by means of direct measurement of the icy load on the wire with subsequent comparison of the measured values with predetermined values of the threshold loads. To implement this diagnostic method, magnetoelastic force measuring sensors are used. Such a sensor is connected between the traverse of the U-shaped support and the upper end of the corresponding garland of insulators with a phase wire. Ice, wind and ice-wind loads are measured separately. This method has a limited scope of application, namely for diagnosing the formation of ice on the phase wires of intermediate spans of single-circuit lines with two-post U-shaped resistances. The fiber-optic method of strain gauge measurements is implemented in object control systems under difficult operating conditions, at nuclear power plants. The mechanical effort sensor (fiber-optic strain sensor) implements the fiber-optic method of strain measurement. Fiber-optic strain sensors are characterized by high accuracy due to resistance to interference and complexity of execution.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126772466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.07
V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk
In traditional wind turbines, a mechanical gearbox is used to transmit the torque. This device converts the low rotation speed of the wind turbine blades into the high rotation speed of the generator shaft. Mechanical gearboxes are characterized by low reliability. They consist of rotating gears, all the torque between which is transmitted through the contact of the teeth at one point, which is accompanied by friction. Magnetic multipliers are more efficient than gear reducers. They contain no wearing parts and have a relatively high torque density. The modulator transforms the magnetic field between the inner and outer rotor, due to which the speed of rotation changes. This device has a number of advantages over a mechanical gearbox - the interaction between rotating elements (torque transmission) occurs over their entire area, while the gears of mechanical gearboxes perceive all the transmitted force at one point of contact between them. Research of autonomous wind turbines built on the basis of magnetic gearboxes is a relevant direction. This will reduce operating costs, increase the efficiency of converting wind energy into electricity, and increase the reliability of the wind turbine as a whole. The purpose of the work is the development of a two-dimensional field mathematical model of a hybrid magnetic gearbox for the evaluation of its parameters and characteristics and the optimization of its geometric dimensions. A generator with a built-in magnetic multiplier is the object of this study. The magnetic multiplier during operation creates a rotating magnetic field that can be used to induce emf in the generator winding. Such a generator is more compact than a gear drive, so this option was chosen as a prototype in this study. Geometrical models of a hybrid generator with a magnetic gearbox were developed and numerical field mathematical models were developed for the analysis of its parameters and characteristics. An analysis of the electromagnetic field and characteristics of the basic generator was carried out in the COMSOL Multiphysics software complex, on the basis of which optimization of its geometric dimensions was carried out to optimize mass and dimensional indicators
{"title":"Mathematical modeling of a hybrid magnetic gear for an autonomous low-power wind turbine","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"In traditional wind turbines, a mechanical gearbox is used to transmit the torque. This device converts the low rotation speed of the wind turbine blades into the high rotation speed of the generator shaft. Mechanical gearboxes are characterized by low reliability. They consist of rotating gears, all the torque between which is transmitted through the contact of the teeth at one point, which is accompanied by friction. Magnetic multipliers are more efficient than gear reducers. They contain no wearing parts and have a relatively high torque density. The modulator transforms the magnetic field between the inner and outer rotor, due to which the speed of rotation changes. This device has a number of advantages over a mechanical gearbox - the interaction between rotating elements (torque transmission) occurs over their entire area, while the gears of mechanical gearboxes perceive all the transmitted force at one point of contact between them. Research of autonomous wind turbines built on the basis of magnetic gearboxes is a relevant direction. This will reduce operating costs, increase the efficiency of converting wind energy into electricity, and increase the reliability of the wind turbine as a whole. The purpose of the work is the development of a two-dimensional field mathematical model of a hybrid magnetic gearbox for the evaluation of its parameters and characteristics and the optimization of its geometric dimensions. A generator with a built-in magnetic multiplier is the object of this study. The magnetic multiplier during operation creates a rotating magnetic field that can be used to induce emf in the generator winding. Such a generator is more compact than a gear drive, so this option was chosen as a prototype in this study. Geometrical models of a hybrid generator with a magnetic gearbox were developed and numerical field mathematical models were developed for the analysis of its parameters and characteristics. An analysis of the electromagnetic field and characteristics of the basic generator was carried out in the COMSOL Multiphysics software complex, on the basis of which optimization of its geometric dimensions was carried out to optimize mass and dimensional indicators","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116705681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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