Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.05
Mykhailo Khai, Bohdan Kharchyshyn
To optimize the parameters of the salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil and achieve specified technical and economic characteristics, an optimization problem with restrictions, which belongs to the class of nonlinear programming problems, was solved. Mathematical model for salient-pole synchronous motor field-coil calculation and optimization, an algorithm and a computer program were created. The mathematical model for calculation and optimization of salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil provides a possibility to design a single-row field-coil winding based on known dimensions under the following restrictions: the minimum distance between the coils of adjacent poles must not be less than the permissible value, the temperature of the coil above the ambient temperature must not be greater than the maximum permissible for the chosen insulation class of the value of the coil, according to the conditions of single-row coils manufacturing, conductor cross-section area should not be greater than the permissible value, and the ratio of the width of the conductor to its height should be within certain limits, the dimensions of the conductor should correspond to standard values. The optimization criterion (objective function) is the copper consumption or cost of the coil, the consumption or cost of pole core steel, power losses in the coil, the total cost of copper and pole steel, the total costs of machine manufacturing and its operation. The choice of the optimization criterion depends on the purpose of the machine and the requirements placed on it. In this problem, each of these criteria is a function of one variable - the height of the field-coil.
{"title":"Mathematical model for salient-pole synchronous motor field-coil calculation and optimization","authors":"Mykhailo Khai, Bohdan Kharchyshyn","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"To optimize the parameters of the salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil and achieve specified technical and economic characteristics, an optimization problem with restrictions, which belongs to the class of nonlinear programming problems, was solved. Mathematical model for salient-pole synchronous motor field-coil calculation and optimization, an algorithm and a computer program were created. The mathematical model for calculation and optimization of salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil provides a possibility to design a single-row field-coil winding based on known dimensions under the following restrictions: the minimum distance between the coils of adjacent poles must not be less than the permissible value, the temperature of the coil above the ambient temperature must not be greater than the maximum permissible for the chosen insulation class of the value of the coil, according to the conditions of single-row coils manufacturing, conductor cross-section area should not be greater than the permissible value, and the ratio of the width of the conductor to its height should be within certain limits, the dimensions of the conductor should correspond to standard values. The optimization criterion (objective function) is the copper consumption or cost of the coil, the consumption or cost of pole core steel, power losses in the coil, the total cost of copper and pole steel, the total costs of machine manufacturing and its operation. The choice of the optimization criterion depends on the purpose of the machine and the requirements placed on it. In this problem, each of these criteria is a function of one variable - the height of the field-coil.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130264783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.05
Mykhailo Khai, Bohdan Kharchyshyn
The asynchronous method of starting a salient-pole synchronous motor (SPSM), its starting characteristics, which are the dependence of the current I of the stator and the electromagnetic moment M to the slip s at constant stator winding feed voltage U and frequency f have been analyzed. A mathematical model that considers magnetic and electrical asymmetry was designed. The magnetic asymmetry of the SPSM is cased by the salient-pole structure of the rotor, and the electric - due to the different number of windings along the longitudinal and transverse axes. To consider the magnetic and electrical asymmetry of SPMS carry out the following transformations: 1) replacing of the three-phase stator winding with two-phase, where the magnetic axis of one of the windings coincides with the longitudinal axis d, and the magnetic axis of the second winding - with the transverse axis q of the fixed coordinate of the orthogonal system dq; 2) the starting short-circuited winding is replaced by two windings: a longitudinal starting winding, the magnetic axis of which coincides with the d-axis, and a transverse starting winding, the magnetic axis of which coincides with the q-axis; 3) the movable rotor of the engine is considered stationary. The developed mathematical model showed that the starting properties of SPSM and the type of its starting characteristics depend on both: the parameters of the stator windings and the parameters of the rotor windings - the starting winding and the excitation windings. During the SPSM design process, the specified starting properties can be achieved by the variation of the starting winding parameters, which depend on the number of rods, sizes, and materials of rod and short-rings, as well as the size (width and height) of the slot groove. A computer program for calculating its starting characteristics with a given set of parameters for researching SPSM according to the described mathematical model was developed.
{"title":"Starting winding parameters influence on starting characteristics of salient-pole synchronous motor","authors":"Mykhailo Khai, Bohdan Kharchyshyn","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"The asynchronous method of starting a salient-pole synchronous motor (SPSM), its starting characteristics, which are the dependence of the current I of the stator and the electromagnetic moment M to the slip s at constant stator winding feed voltage U and frequency f have been analyzed. A mathematical model that considers magnetic and electrical asymmetry was designed. The magnetic asymmetry of the SPSM is cased by the salient-pole structure of the rotor, and the electric - due to the different number of windings along the longitudinal and transverse axes. To consider the magnetic and electrical asymmetry of SPMS carry out the following transformations: 1) replacing of the three-phase stator winding with two-phase, where the magnetic axis of one of the windings coincides with the longitudinal axis d, and the magnetic axis of the second winding - with the transverse axis q of the fixed coordinate of the orthogonal system dq; 2) the starting short-circuited winding is replaced by two windings: a longitudinal starting winding, the magnetic axis of which coincides with the d-axis, and a transverse starting winding, the magnetic axis of which coincides with the q-axis; 3) the movable rotor of the engine is considered stationary. The developed mathematical model showed that the starting properties of SPSM and the type of its starting characteristics depend on both: the parameters of the stator windings and the parameters of the rotor windings - the starting winding and the excitation windings. During the SPSM design process, the specified starting properties can be achieved by the variation of the starting winding parameters, which depend on the number of rods, sizes, and materials of rod and short-rings, as well as the size (width and height) of the slot groove. A computer program for calculating its starting characteristics with a given set of parameters for researching SPSM according to the described mathematical model was developed.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126871477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.06
V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk, I. Kovalenko
There are many power plants like thermal, solar, hydro, nuclear etc. but there are some disadvantage of it like CO2 emission pollution, problem of global warming requirement of fuels cost etc. To avoid such factors we developed system is biomass power plant to meet the demands of electricity and environment concern day by day price of fuels that fact to which motivate to use renewable energy. Biomass is renewable in nature, carbon neutral and has the potential to provide large productive employment in rural areas. It is considered as one of the promising sources for generation of power / energy using commercially available thermal and biological conversion technologies. The fossil fuels are depleting very fast, it is very important to replace fossil fuels with best alternative fuel modes which will be available for requirement in abundance at the same time if it is ready at one’s disposal is a eminent balance to the environment. The sanctification for this need is the bio mass power plant; on finding the major advantage of bio mass power plant is the fuel which is agricultural waste (rice husk, wood, etc.) segregation available in unnumbered tons around the world. It is very important to utilize this in the context of energy. It is also found that the sulphur content in the biomass is very less when compared with coal. The wood fuels contains very little ash (-1% or less), so increasing the ratio of wood in biomass coal blends can reduce the amount of ash that must be disposed. In biomass power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to industries and homes. Fortunately, new technologies including pollution controls and combustion engineering have advanced to the point that any emissions from burning biomass in industrial facilities are generally less than emissions produced when using fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil), biomass is burned in a combustor or furnace to generate hot gas, which is fed into a boiler to generate steam, which is expanded through a steam turbine or steam engine to produce mechanical or electrical energy. In this paper were performed comparison of traditional synchronous generator with electromagnetic excitation and permanent magnet generator for autonomous gasoline installation system.
{"title":"Comparison of synchronous generators for autonomous gasoline installation system","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk, I. Kovalenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"There are many power plants like thermal, solar, hydro, nuclear etc. but there are some disadvantage of it like CO2 emission pollution, problem of global warming requirement of fuels cost etc. To avoid such factors we developed system is biomass power plant to meet the demands of electricity and environment concern day by day price of fuels that fact to which motivate to use renewable energy. Biomass is renewable in nature, carbon neutral and has the potential to provide large productive employment in rural areas. It is considered as one of the promising sources for generation of power / energy using commercially available thermal and biological conversion technologies. The fossil fuels are depleting very fast, it is very important to replace fossil fuels with best alternative fuel modes which will be available for requirement in abundance at the same time if it is ready at one’s disposal is a eminent balance to the environment. The sanctification for this need is the bio mass power plant; on finding the major advantage of bio mass power plant is the fuel which is agricultural waste (rice husk, wood, etc.) segregation available in unnumbered tons around the world. It is very important to utilize this in the context of energy. It is also found that the sulphur content in the biomass is very less when compared with coal. The wood fuels contains very little ash (-1% or less), so increasing the ratio of wood in biomass coal blends can reduce the amount of ash that must be disposed. In biomass power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to industries and homes. Fortunately, new technologies including pollution controls and combustion engineering have advanced to the point that any emissions from burning biomass in industrial facilities are generally less than emissions produced when using fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil), biomass is burned in a combustor or furnace to generate hot gas, which is fed into a boiler to generate steam, which is expanded through a steam turbine or steam engine to produce mechanical or electrical energy. In this paper were performed comparison of traditional synchronous generator with electromagnetic excitation and permanent magnet generator for autonomous gasoline installation system.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131104333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.01
L. Zhorniak, A. Afanasiev, Vitaliy Schus
In the article, the authors have analysed the design and structural features of various materials for external insulation of high-voltage apparatuses, namely, high-voltage equipment of stations and substations. The operational reliability of the external insulation is determined mainly by the electrical load, which is characterized by the local values of the field strength. The field strength along the insulating cover is distributed very unevenly and has a maximum value near the electrode with high voltage. Electrical isolators are used in all high-voltage apparatus of electrical transmission and distribution circuits to separate the voltage from the ground. The materials used in the development and production of electrical insulators have certain unique characteristics. These materials prevent the free passage of internal electric charges in the material, which makes it practically impossible to conduct an electric current. The ability of a material to prevent electrical conductivity is characterized by its dielectric strength. Polymer insulators allow you to combine high mechanical strength with satisfactory electrical characteristics. In such combined structures, fiberglass rods or cylinders are used as an element that withstands mechanical load. Also, the design of the internal insulation of the capacitor type, impregnated and filled with hardened epoxy resin, allows for particularly precise winding of the synthetic material and the placement of aluminium foils, which provide the capacitive levelling of the graduation and are necessary for the control and formation of the electric field. Such a field is controlled in such a way as to optimize the dimensions, mass and electrical characteristics of the high-voltage apparatus depending on the voltage class and other parameters. The protective polymer coating provides high electrical characteristics of insulators under operating conditions. It is known that during the operation of the high-voltage device, the aging rate of the external insulation is additionally enhanced due to the complex and heterogeneous structure of the insulating cover itself, as well as the influence of the surrounding environment and weather conditions. The main element of external insulation is the supporting insulating cover, in the middle of which the elements of the active part of a certain electrical device are placed. Its basis is usually a glass-epoxy cylinder (this ensures the mechanical stability of the structure), on which ribs made of organosilicon rubber are placed, which in turn ensures the electrical strength of the external insulation.
{"title":"Analysis of design and structural features of the external insulation materials of high-voltage devices","authors":"L. Zhorniak, A. Afanasiev, Vitaliy Schus","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the authors have analysed the design and structural features of various materials for external insulation of high-voltage apparatuses, namely, high-voltage equipment of stations and substations. The operational reliability of the external insulation is determined mainly by the electrical load, which is characterized by the local values of the field strength. The field strength along the insulating cover is distributed very unevenly and has a maximum value near the electrode with high voltage. Electrical isolators are used in all high-voltage apparatus of electrical transmission and distribution circuits to separate the voltage from the ground. The materials used in the development and production of electrical insulators have certain unique characteristics. These materials prevent the free passage of internal electric charges in the material, which makes it practically impossible to conduct an electric current. The ability of a material to prevent electrical conductivity is characterized by its dielectric strength. Polymer insulators allow you to combine high mechanical strength with satisfactory electrical characteristics. In such combined structures, fiberglass rods or cylinders are used as an element that withstands mechanical load. Also, the design of the internal insulation of the capacitor type, impregnated and filled with hardened epoxy resin, allows for particularly precise winding of the synthetic material and the placement of aluminium foils, which provide the capacitive levelling of the graduation and are necessary for the control and formation of the electric field. Such a field is controlled in such a way as to optimize the dimensions, mass and electrical characteristics of the high-voltage apparatus depending on the voltage class and other parameters. The protective polymer coating provides high electrical characteristics of insulators under operating conditions. It is known that during the operation of the high-voltage device, the aging rate of the external insulation is additionally enhanced due to the complex and heterogeneous structure of the insulating cover itself, as well as the influence of the surrounding environment and weather conditions. The main element of external insulation is the supporting insulating cover, in the middle of which the elements of the active part of a certain electrical device are placed. Its basis is usually a glass-epoxy cylinder (this ensures the mechanical stability of the structure), on which ribs made of organosilicon rubber are placed, which in turn ensures the electrical strength of the external insulation.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128769176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.08
Yevhen Honcharov, Nataliia Kriukova, V. Markov, I. Poliakov
Transmission lines require timely inspection and monitoring to prevent emergency situations during operation. System emergency situations as blackout are very undesirable, so they need their previous detection and prevention. Accordingly, this can be avoided by detailed monitoring the functioning of all elements of the power system. The directions of remote control for researching the operational state of electric power facilities through the use of special equipment, in particular aerial vehicles, have gained sufficient development. Possibilities of practical means of remote monitoring of power transmission lines are also considered. Due to their relatively inexpensive use and ease of operation, distant controlled aerial vehicles are an effective approach for surveying high-voltage power lines. A number of advantages of using distant controlled aerial vehicles are the extended functionality of monitoring quality provided by modern equipment. Functional analysis of modern on-board equipment indicates the possibility of detecting research objects on a real-time scale, due to the use of telemetry, satellite and combined television and thermal imaging systems, with the possibility of detailed observe. The most perspective is the use of combined heat-television systems, which allow improving the technical characteristics of the surveillance system significantly. This method provides monitoring of heat losses, detection of overheated elements of transmission lines and assessment of the performance of elements. Such technology ensures more safer and timely detection of malfunctions, threats to operation and carrying out work on their elimination. In addition, the fields of application of distant controlled aerial vehicles as surveys for the design of energy systems are increasing.
{"title":"Modern approaches of high-voltage transmission lines monitoring","authors":"Yevhen Honcharov, Nataliia Kriukova, V. Markov, I. Poliakov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission lines require timely inspection and monitoring to prevent emergency situations during operation. System emergency situations as blackout are very undesirable, so they need their previous detection and prevention. Accordingly, this can be avoided by detailed monitoring the functioning of all elements of the power system. The directions of remote control for researching the operational state of electric power facilities through the use of special equipment, in particular aerial vehicles, have gained sufficient development. Possibilities of practical means of remote monitoring of power transmission lines are also considered. Due to their relatively inexpensive use and ease of operation, distant controlled aerial vehicles are an effective approach for surveying high-voltage power lines. A number of advantages of using distant controlled aerial vehicles are the extended functionality of monitoring quality provided by modern equipment. Functional analysis of modern on-board equipment indicates the possibility of detecting research objects on a real-time scale, due to the use of telemetry, satellite and combined television and thermal imaging systems, with the possibility of detailed observe. The most perspective is the use of combined heat-television systems, which allow improving the technical characteristics of the surveillance system significantly. This method provides monitoring of heat losses, detection of overheated elements of transmission lines and assessment of the performance of elements. Such technology ensures more safer and timely detection of malfunctions, threats to operation and carrying out work on their elimination. In addition, the fields of application of distant controlled aerial vehicles as surveys for the design of energy systems are increasing.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"67 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132500318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.07
V. Chumak, M. Ostroverkhov, M. Kovalenko, V. Golovko, I. Kovalenko
The main converter of mechanical wind energy into electricity in wind turbines is an electric generator. Typically, such systems use synchronous generators with permanent magnets on the rotor. The main disadvantage of this design is the complexity or the impossibility of adjusting the output parameters of the generator: voltage, power, etc. Known methods and tools aimed at solving this problem relate to cases where the wind speed is constant, ie constant. In real conditions, the nature of the wind is changeable. The average annual wind speed for Ukraine varies between ≈ 5-6 m / s. The current value of wind speed depends on weather conditions, time of day and season. Accordingly, the nature of the output power of the generator will be variable. In this paper, the authors evaluate the effectiveness of the correction of the output power of the generator of the multiplier wind turbine at discrete and random values of wind speed. The main power unit of this study is a magnetoelectric synchronous generator with two-sided arrangement of magnets on the rotor and with axial magnetic flux. To solve this goal, a numerical simulation mathematical model of the system was developed, consisting of a multiplier-free wind turbine and a magnetoelectric synchronous generator with two-way arrangement of magnets on the rotor and with axial magnetic flux in the MATLAB-Simulink software package. The developed simulation model takes into account the change of the output parameters of the generator when the wind speed changes and vice versa, the system in which the change of the initial state of the generator leads to a change in the parameters of the rotor of the wind turbine. The variability and discreteness of wind speed is realized in the MATLAB-Simulink system by generating signals, the values of which at certain points in time are a random variable distributed according to the normal (Gaussian) law with predetermined parameters. Using the developed mathematical model, numerous simulation experiments were performed, which investigated the efficiency of correction of the output power of the studied system when connecting static capacitors to the armature winding of the generator and when applying current to the additional winding of the magnetoelectric generator. When connecting an additional magnetizing capacitance ≈30 μF to the generator terminals, there is an increase in output power by ≈5-10%. When the voltage is applied to the excitation winding Uf = 8 V, there is an increase in the output power of the generator ≈30-40% than without regulation. Therefore, it is a more efficient way to correct the output power of the magnetoelectric generator. The developed mathematical model can be used in further research to synthesize the control law of the additional winding of the magnetoelectric generator for the most efficient conversion of mechanical wind energy into electrical energy.
{"title":"Correction of output power of non-multiplicator wind electrical installation at discrete and random speed values","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Ostroverkhov, M. Kovalenko, V. Golovko, I. Kovalenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"The main converter of mechanical wind energy into electricity in wind turbines is an electric generator. Typically, such systems use synchronous generators with permanent magnets on the rotor. The main disadvantage of this design is the complexity or the impossibility of adjusting the output parameters of the generator: voltage, power, etc. Known methods and tools aimed at solving this problem relate to cases where the wind speed is constant, ie constant. In real conditions, the nature of the wind is changeable. The average annual wind speed for Ukraine varies between ≈ 5-6 m / s. The current value of wind speed depends on weather conditions, time of day and season. Accordingly, the nature of the output power of the generator will be variable. In this paper, the authors evaluate the effectiveness of the correction of the output power of the generator of the multiplier wind turbine at discrete and random values of wind speed. The main power unit of this study is a magnetoelectric synchronous generator with two-sided arrangement of magnets on the rotor and with axial magnetic flux. To solve this goal, a numerical simulation mathematical model of the system was developed, consisting of a multiplier-free wind turbine and a magnetoelectric synchronous generator with two-way arrangement of magnets on the rotor and with axial magnetic flux in the MATLAB-Simulink software package. The developed simulation model takes into account the change of the output parameters of the generator when the wind speed changes and vice versa, the system in which the change of the initial state of the generator leads to a change in the parameters of the rotor of the wind turbine. The variability and discreteness of wind speed is realized in the MATLAB-Simulink system by generating signals, the values of which at certain points in time are a random variable distributed according to the normal (Gaussian) law with predetermined parameters. Using the developed mathematical model, numerous simulation experiments were performed, which investigated the efficiency of correction of the output power of the studied system when connecting static capacitors to the armature winding of the generator and when applying current to the additional winding of the magnetoelectric generator. When connecting an additional magnetizing capacitance ≈30 μF to the generator terminals, there is an increase in output power by ≈5-10%. When the voltage is applied to the excitation winding Uf = 8 V, there is an increase in the output power of the generator ≈30-40% than without regulation. Therefore, it is a more efficient way to correct the output power of the magnetoelectric generator. The developed mathematical model can be used in further research to synthesize the control law of the additional winding of the magnetoelectric generator for the most efficient conversion of mechanical wind energy into electrical energy.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128807352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.02
V. Kalinchyk, V. Pobigaylo, O. Borychenko, S. Kuzovkin, O. Yatsenko
Topical matter of power supply for today is effective increase in the reliability of power supply in medium voltage overhead power systems by sectioning of lines with switching devices, such as disconnectors, controlled disconnectors or sectioning points. In such schemes, the manual approach to emergency management is used. This kind of schemes can be used where the overhead power lines are. Protective device on the outgoing feeder is switched off as soon as damage occurs in any area. As a result, all consumers of the line lose power for a long time. Remotely operated disconnectors or remote controlled sectioning points can also be installed instead of manual line disconnectors. This process of damage localization differs only in that all switching operations are performed remotely. Decision on switching is made by the dispatcher, constant communication with each controlled element of the network is necessary, otherwise it becomes virtually uncontrollable and the entire effect of remote control of disconnectors is eliminated.
{"title":"Increasing the functional reliability of industrial electrical networks 6-10 kV by integrating vacuum reclosers","authors":"V. Kalinchyk, V. Pobigaylo, O. Borychenko, S. Kuzovkin, O. Yatsenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Topical matter of power supply for today is effective increase in the reliability of power supply in medium voltage overhead power systems by sectioning of lines with switching devices, such as disconnectors, controlled disconnectors or sectioning points. In such schemes, the manual approach to emergency management is used. This kind of schemes can be used where the overhead power lines are. Protective device on the outgoing feeder is switched off as soon as damage occurs in any area. As a result, all consumers of the line lose power for a long time. Remotely operated disconnectors or remote controlled sectioning points can also be installed instead of manual line disconnectors. This process of damage localization differs only in that all switching operations are performed remotely. Decision on switching is made by the dispatcher, constant communication with each controlled element of the network is necessary, otherwise it becomes virtually uncontrollable and the entire effect of remote control of disconnectors is eliminated.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128689014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.2.04
O. Chepeliuk, V. Pozhidaev
A laboratory stand was developed for researching the modes of operation of a frequency converter for controlling a three-phase asynchronous motor with a short-circuited rotor with a voltage of 380-400 V. The design of the laboratory stand and its electrical circuit are described. Methodical instructions for carrying out laboratory work on the study of operating modes of the frequency converter have been developed. The composition and structure of methodical instructions are given. In the electronic version of the developed methodological instructions, a hyperlink to the technical documentation of the investigated frequency converter on the Internet is used. To demonstrate the capabilities of the laboratory stand, separate results of research into the modes of operation of the frequency converter are presented.
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Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.1.09
I. Kostiukov
Quadrature phase shifters are widely used in practice of development of measurement systems intended for the measurements of dielectric dissipation factor and electrical capacitance. This article presents the examples of implementation of phase shifters intended to obtain the value of phase shift equal to 90º for the applying in measurement systems of monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition of electrical insulation. The developed solutions are based on applying of the analog signal multiplier implemented in the AD633 integrated circuit. The required value of phase shift is provided by adding a pre-shifted at a certain angle input harmonic signal to a signal with the reduced amplitude and the opposite initial phase. The article is also focused on the development of schematic solutions which can be used in order to remove the undesirable for many practical applications discrepancy between the amplitudes of the input and the output signals. This alignment of amplitudes is provided by the detection of their average rectified values with subsequent multiplication of their ratio by the shifted at 90º signal with the reduced amplitude. The designed schematic solutions imply the applying of analog circuits which contain the input phase shifter, low pass filter, voltage summing amplifier, two detectors of average rectified values, three analog multipliers and one voltage divider.
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Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.20998/2079-3944.2022.1.10
Ye. Honcharov, Nataliya Kruykova, V. Markov, I. Polyakov
Until now, there is no single assessment of the energy activity of mankind. The efficiency factor widely used in technology is not such, as it is not able to assess the prospects for the development of new fossil fuel deposits or the introduction of new types of energy production, especially renewable sources. EROEI (English energy returned on energy invested), or EROI (energy return on investment - the ratio of energy received to spent, energy profitability) in physics, economic and environmental energy - the ratio of the amount of usable (useful) energy received from a particular source energy (resource), to the amount of energy spent to obtain this energy resource. If for some resource the EROI is less than or equal to one, then such a resource turns into an “absorber” of energy and can no longer be used as a primary source of energy.” It should be noted that, strictly speaking, EROEI and EROI are not quite the same thing. If the first is the ratio of received and invested energy, then the second is the ratio of received energy and investments! But for some simplification, we will further consider these concepts identical. Moreover, which is very significant, when determining these coefficients, natural or natural sources of energy, such as insolation or the energy of fissile nuclides, are not taken into account. Only the energy costs associated with human activities are taken into account. At first glance, everything is correct and the EROI indicator can really be used as a kind of universal criterion. Based on the above analysis, it can be quite definitely said that EROEI is not a universal energy efficiency criterion, but can be used along with other well-known criteria and coefficients. EROEI should only be used in quantitative assessments of the efficiency of energy produced both directly from combustible fuels and in power plants. The calculation of EROEI faces certain difficulties, which are associated with the complexity of calculating the ancillary costs and losses of energy produced, as well as the costs associated with human labor. EROEI does not take into account the environmental component of the energy production process, which can be critical.
到目前为止，还没有对人类能源活动的单一评估。在技术中广泛使用的效率系数并非如此，因为它无法评价开发新的矿物燃料矿床或采用新的能源生产、特别是可再生能源的前景。在物理、经济和环境能源中，EROEI(英文energy returns on energy investment)或EROI (energy return on investment，能源投资回报率——接收到的能源与消耗的能源之比，能源盈利能力)是指从某一特定能源(资源)获得的可用(有用)能量与获得该能源所花费的能量之比。如果某种资源的EROI小于或等于1，那么这种资源就变成了能量的“吸收剂”，不能再作为主要能源使用。应该指出的是，严格来说，EROEI和EROI并不完全是一回事。如果第一个是接收能量和投入能量的比例，那么第二个就是接收能量和投入能量的比例!但为了简化起见，我们将进一步认为这些概念是相同的。此外，非常重要的是，在确定这些系数时，没有考虑到自然或自然的能源，例如日照或可裂变核素的能量。只考虑了与人类活动有关的能源成本。乍一看，一切都是正确的，EROI指标确实可以作为一种通用标准。基于以上分析，可以非常肯定地说，EROEI并不是一个通用的能效标准，但可以与其他众所周知的标准和系数一起使用。EROEI只能用于定量评价直接由可燃燃料和发电厂产生的能源的效率。EROEI的计算面临一定的困难，这与计算辅助成本和能源损失的复杂性以及与人力劳动相关的成本有关。EROEI没有考虑到能源生产过程中至关重要的环境因素。
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