Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Overview of motors for heavy drones","authors":"M. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk, I. Kovalenko, Serhiy Zhuk, Oleg Kryshnov, Oleksandr Perepelytsia, Yehor Titov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an overview of engines used in heavy drones. The main types of engines, their principles of operation, advantages and disadvantages are considered. The article examines a wide range of electric motors, such as brushless DC (collectorless) motors, which are the main components in modern quadcopters. Types of engines, their technical characteristics, as well as their use in specific models of quadcopters are also considered. This article will help you better understand the specifics of different types of motors and how they affect quadcopter functionality and performance.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"114 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the problem of the shielding systems efficiency in constructions of extra-high voltage electrical apparatus","authors":"L. Zhorniak, A. Afanasiev, Vitaliy Schus, Oleksandr Levchenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the authors proposed a method for estimating the electric load parameters to calculate the distribution of the electric field strength of the solid insulating structure of gas-filled high-voltage devices with axial symmetry. This structure consists of a support and insulating busbar filled with SF6 gas as an internal insulating medium. This technique allows to evaluate the parameters of the electrical load (voltage and field strength) depen-ding on the design features of the device and the shielding system used to equalize the electric field. The proposed methodology allows to evaluate the effectiveness of the influence of design parameters of the protection system for gas-filled high-voltage equipment (instrument transformers, arresters, surge arresters, etc.) when designing and improving individual design solutions. The calculation results are in good agreement with the data of experimental studies and statistical information obtained as a result of monitoring the operation of insulating structures, taking into account actual operating conditions and the influence of external factors. The implementation of this technique allows us to take into account the influence of external factors and operational characteristics inherent in instrument transformers and surge suppressors. In the proposed methodology, as an example, we consider a supporting insulating coating that is in operation under the most unfavorable conditions, such as external pollution, moisture and their combination, overvoltage of various origins, etc. The theoretical conclusions are confirmed by the results of calculations using the example of the support-insulating cover of the surge suppressor of the OПН-500 series. A more accurate determination of the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for predicting the field strength distribution parameters under the influence of a shielding system can be achieved by conducting an additional series of calculations and experimental tests of specific insulating structures. Thus, it was concluded that the obtained results can be used to evaluate the external insulation characteristics of both surge suppressors and gas-filled instrument transformers, as well as similar high-voltage equipment of switchgears and transformer substations in conditions of ultra- and transformer substations ultra-high voltages","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of an induction generator for a wind farm","authors":"Ye. Honcharov, Nataliya Kriukova, Vladyslav Markov, Igor Polyakov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"A pressing problem in the modern economy is still the problem of generating a sufficient amount of electricity. The situation is aggravated by environmental problems when using so-called carbon energy, as well as when using hydro and nuclear energy. The development of alternative sources of electricity is now impossible to imagine without the use of wind power plants. Wind energy is practically free energy, but its use involves the use of electric generators. Currently these are mainly synchronous generators, but induction (asynchronous) generators are also used. Despite the relative cheapness and reliability, however, induction generators occupy a very modest place in percentage terms among wind generators. One of the problems with using induction wind generators is that they require very significant reactive power during operation, which either comes from the network or is compensated by a capacitor bank. The latter is typical for autonomous induction generators. Computer modeling of induction wind generators is complicated by significant nonlinearity, which is caused by the magnetization curve or, what is the same, the no-load characteristics of the generator. As a rule, in computer modeling or simulation the inductive reactance of the magnetization branch is assumed to be constant, which is not entirely correct, since it is reliably known that it depends on the rotor rotation speed. A number of models of an induction generator are known, but so far there is no one most reliable mathematical model that allows computer studies of an induction generator with a squirrel-cage rotor, taking into account all its features. The MATLAB 2023b software package contains a mathematical model of an induction wind generator, which is of scientific and practical interest. The article examines the capabilities of this model, its advantages and disadvantages. The dependences of the influence of machine parameters on the generated active power and consumed reactive power were obtained, the influence of the inductive resistance of the magnetization branch and the influence of the nature of the load on the generated energy by the generator were assessed","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"79 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of hardware protection of squirrel-cage induction motors with voltage up to 0.66 kV against overloads and overheating","authors":"O. Chepeliuk, Andrii Mylashych","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the hardware protection of asynchronous motors with a short-circuited rotor with a voltage of up to 0,66 kV against overloads and overheating, implemented in accordance with modern standards, was carried out. The causes and factors of engine overheating and the functional features of the specified protection devices are considered. Conclusions were made regarding the effectiveness of certain types of protection against overloads and overheating of engines and their combination in order to increase the reliability of protection. The most promising directions for improvement of hardware protection against overload and overheating of asynchronous motors have been established","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"2 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of designs of drive mechanisms of medium voltage vacuum contactors","authors":"M. Leliuk, Oleksandr Sereda, Olena Sereda, V. Lytvynenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2024.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main elements of medium voltage vacuum contactors is the drive mechanism, which includes an electromagnet. In existing models of contactors, two types of electromagnets are used: monostable non-polarized electromagnets with a return spring or bistable polarized without a return spring. It was found that the use of polarized electromagnets in combination with a microprocessor control system expands the functionality of the contactor and makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the electromagnets, their overall dimensions and weight, while achieving significant armature holding forces. The designs of polarized electromagnets, which were developed at the Department of Electrical Apparatus in recent years, are considered. Their shortcomings were identified and a new design of a bistable polarized electromagnet was proposed, a computer model of the contactor developed in the KOMPAS-3D package was built. The counteracting characteristic of the mechanical system of the contactor, which is brought to the axis of the electromagnet and the stroke of the armature, is constructed, the forces that must be created by the electromagnet in the on and off position for reliable operation are determined. The FEMM model of the experimental sample of a bistable polarized electromagnet was developed and the calculation was carried out in the on and off positions. The possibility of using a new design of an electromagnet in a medium-voltage vacuum contactor has been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of the quality of laminated core of electrical machines by the high-frequency induction-vibration method","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, O. Tymoshchuk, Y. Ihnatiuk, I. Kovalenko","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the problem of assessing the quality of active parts of electric machines, in particular charged magnetic conductors, is considered. The essential diagnostic indicators of the actual state of the recruitment core were determined, namely specific losses during remagnetization and weakening of package pressing, which are associated with increased losses, decreased efficiency, violation of the thermal regime, etc. induction-measuring module for determining the level of inter-sheet insulation breakdown and the growth of losses in the core. It is recommended when loosening for small-sized magnetic conductors, impregnation of the weakened area with adhesive varnish and subsequent drying with a compressed core. Also, for cores of a small diameter, between the pressure washer and the extreme sheets of the core, drive textolite wedges every 2...4 teeth. When the pressing of the cores of large electric machines, in which the pressing is carried out by tension pins, is weakened, the pins are tightened. A two-dimensional field mathematical model of a charged magnetic core package was developed in order to estimate the distribution of the electromagnetic field and eddy currents and losses at different frequencies from 50 Hz to 10 kHz. It is proposed to use the analysis of the transient process when the magnetic flux changes in the magnetic circuit. To simplify the measuring scheme, it is proposed to use the process of switching the current in the excitation winding. With the help of the developed model, the calculation of transient modes was carried out on the example of the studied magnetic circuit. As an object of research, a mock-up of a stacked magnetic core was used, which is a set package of magnetic steel sheets used in magnetic cores of dry transformers of small and medium power. In order to combine the two methods, an installation was developed that allows checking the quality of pressing and the quality of inter-sheet insulation at the same time.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of the uniformity of the magnetic field inside a short solenoid by the end winding system","authors":"A. Getman, Oleksandr Konstantinov","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the level of homogeneity of the magnetic field in the middle of the working volume of a short solenoid makes it possible to improve devices for demagnetizing technical objects and studying the magnetic properties of materials. One of the means of increasing the level of homogeneity of the magnetic field in the middle of the solenoid is to approximate the shape of its winding to the closed surface. The use of a system of a solenoid and two end axisymmetric current windings with a common current source is proposed as such a surface. A mathematical model of the scalar potential of the magnetic field of such a system was built using spherical harmonic analysis, and functional dependences of the current density on each surface were obtained for its first harmonic, which is the dipole component of the magnetic field. Formulas for calculating the number of turns in the end windings and the geometric parameters of their arrangement and the simulated total magnetic field inside the proposed system are obtained. A comparative analysis of the homogeneity of the magnetic field created by a separate solenoid and a solenoid with end windings, depending on the geometry of the system, was conducted. The use of end windings significantly improves the uniformity of the magnetic field near the ends, especially on the axis of the solenoid. Due to this, the efficiency of the end windings significantly depends on the solenoid elongation indicator and allows you to increase the working volume by 5-20%, depending on this indicator. The proposed system makes it possible to obtain a magnetic field with a maximum deviation of 5% from uniformity for a solenoid elongation index of 2. As the elongation increases, the efficiency of the end windings decreases and for systems with an elongation of 10 or more, their use becomes impractical. The results of the analysis testify to the effectiveness of using the proposed system in devices for demagnetizing technical products that differ in a small indicator of the elongation of the working solenoid - primarily devices that create a uniform magnetic field with an amplitude decreasing over time of 240 A/m and are used in particular to remove soft residual magnetization from elements of space vehicles","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"20 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical simulation of brushless double stator axial flux magnetoelectric generator for small power electric complexes","authors":"V. Chumak, M. Kovalenko, I. Kovalenko, I. Tkachuk, O. Tymoshchuk","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a magneto-electric generator with an axial magnetic flux (MEGAP) and a double stator, which is used for an autonomous wind-electric complex. Contactless MEGAPs have the advantages of permanent magnet generators: high reliability, efficiency; and generators with electromagnetic excitation: the possibility of adjusting the output parameters (voltage, power) using an additional excitation winding. In order to meet the requirements of a stand-alone multiplier-less wind power plant, a MEGAP structure consisting of a double stator and a single rotor has been investigated. The use of a double stator design allows more efficient use of the active volume of the generator, increasing its power and stabilizing the output voltage of the stator winding. A three-dimensional numerical field mathematical model of MEGAP was developed. The model fully takes into account the design features of the generator under study, namely the presence of an axial flow from the stator winding and the flow generated by the additional winding. With the help of the model, the external characteristics were calculated, which indicates the correspondence of the developed mathematical model to physical processes. The analysis of magnetic induction in the air gap and in other structural elements of the generator under study was carried out. The analysis of the obtained values showed that the geometric dimensions of the generator, which were previously selected, are correct and do not require significant adjustments. In the future, it allows you to use the results of this calculation for the preparation of documentation for the production of the prototype. Static characteristics of MEGAP and values of magnetic parameters in all structural elements were studied. An additional winding is used to stabilize the output voltage when the speed of rotation of the generator changes and at different loads. At a relative power of the additional winding of ≈7%, the output voltage of the generator increases by ≈24%. A more significant result can be achieved by adjusting the current of the additional winding with special controllers","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculations of static and dynamic processes in the synchronizing shaft of a medium-voltage vacuum switch during the turn-on process","authors":"Yevgen Bajda, Mykhailo Panteliat, Artem Kuzmin","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"An important direction of theoretical research of modern electrical devices, medium voltage switches and contactors is the study of mechanical processes that occur during their operation. First of all, this is due to sufficiently large forces and accelerations acting on the structural elements and the synchronizing shaft of such devices in the process of switching on. In the article, on the basis of developed mathematical models, calculations of mechanical processes in the synchronizing shaft of a vacuum switch in static and dynamic mode for an absolutely rigid and real shaft are performed and their comparative analysis is carried out. The results of computer modeling are obtained in tabular and graphical forms, which include data on static and dynamic deformations of the shaft, as well as mechanical forces in its supports. It is shown that the mechanical deformation of the shaft causes a decrease in contact drop and contact pressure forces, but with a correctly selected cross-section of the synchronizing shaft, these values slightly affect the operation of the switch itself (the decrease is about 20% and 7%, respectively). It is also shown that as a result of the bending of the shaft, additional axial forces appear in the supports compared to the simplified calculation, which significantly affect the choice of bearings according to the equivalent static load. The calculated dynamic forces, taking into account the masses of contacts and contact rods, exceed similar static forces by 1.3 times, which must also be taken into account when choosing bearings in which the synchronizing shaft is held.","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of electricity transmission of a solar power plant into a three-phase electrical network","authors":"O. Plakhtii, Igor Homenko, D. Shelest, Andriy Syniavskyi","doi":"10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2023.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"The development and research of the energy indicators of a solar power plant based on a block of solar panels of the Era-370W-24V-Mono type with a capacity of 110 kW and a solar hybrid inverter based on power transistors CM1200DC-34S, which transmits power to a three-phase electrical network, is presented. The control system of a hybrid inverter that transmits electric energy from solar panels with a power factor close to unity and a content of higher current harmonics less than 4 % has been developed. For Era-370W-24V-Mono solar panels, a polynomial approximation of the energy characteristics was carried out, namely the dependence of the selected power on the consumed current, which allows to improve the mode of maximum power selection from solar panels. A study of power losses in a hybrid inverter of a solar power plant was conducted, the dependence of total power losses on the switching frequency of power transistors in the mode of maximum power selection was obtained. It was determined that the efficiency of the hybrid inverter of the solar power plant ranges from 98.4 % at a PWM frequency of 1 kHz to 92.7 % at a PWM frequency of 6 kHz","PeriodicalId":385206,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of NTU \"KhPI\". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}