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Multi-Scale Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Microstructural Features on the Mechanical Behavior of Polycrystalline Ti-6Al-4V Alloy 显微组织特征对多晶Ti-6Al-4V合金力学行为影响的多尺度数值分析
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1014.20190615
F. Benmessaoud, V. Velay, M. Cheikh, V. Vidal, C. Boher, F. Rezai-Aria
The present work aims to model the influence of microstructural features of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy on its mechanical behavior. A multi-scale approach based on crystal plasticity is considered. The elasto-viscoplastic constitutive equations of Meric-Cailletaud are modified to take into consideration the effect of the grain size by introducing the Hall-Petch relationship at the local scale. This modified model is coupled with finite element calculations under small strain assumption to simulate the monotonic mechanical behavior of Ti-6A-4V at local and global scales. It is shown that the mechanical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V is drastically dependent upon the material features. Strong crystallographic texture can result in the formation of hardened and less hardened areas. Moreover, by increasing the grain size scattering, the heterogeneously deformed areas are multiplied. By decreasing the average grain size, the yield strength increases. It is observed that the effects of grain size, grain size scattering and crystallographic texture are coupled.
本工作旨在模拟Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的微观结构特征对其力学行为的影响。考虑了一种基于晶体塑性的多尺度方法。通过在局部尺度上引入Hall-Petch关系,对Meric-Cailletaud的弹粘塑性本构方程进行了修正,以考虑晶粒尺寸的影响。该修正模型与小应变假设下的有限元计算相结合,模拟了Ti-6A-4V在局部和全局尺度上的单调力学行为。结果表明,Ti-6Al-4V的力学行为与材料特性密切相关。强烈的结晶结构可导致形成硬化和较少硬化的区域。此外,通过增加晶粒尺寸散射,非均匀变形区域成倍增加。通过减小平均晶粒尺寸,屈服强度增加。观察到晶粒尺寸、晶粒尺寸散射和晶体结构的影响是耦合的。
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引用次数: 1
Vibrations of a Double-Beam System with Intermediate Elastic Restraints Due to a Moving Force 具有中间弹性约束的双梁系统在运动力作用下的振动
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1010.20190530
F. Zakęś, P. Sniady
In this paper, we investigate the problem of the dynamic behaviour of a double-beam system with intermediate elastic restraints subjected to a moving point force. Problem is solved by replacing this type of structure with two single-span beams loaded with a given moving force and redundant forces representing reactions in the intermediate restraints. Redundant forces are obtained by solving Volterra integral equations of the second order which are compatibility equations corresponding to each redundant. Solutions for the arbitrarily supported singlespan beam loaded with a moving point force and concentrated time-varying force are given. Difficulties in analytically solving Volterra integral equations are bypassed by applying a simple numerical procedure. Finally, a numerical example of a double-beam system with two elastic restraints is presented in order to show the effectiveness of the presented method.
本文研究了具有中间弹性约束的双梁系统在运动点力作用下的动力学行为问题。通过将这种类型的结构替换为两个单跨梁来解决问题,这两个梁承受给定的移动力和表示中间约束反作用力的多余力。冗余力是通过求解二阶Volterra积分方程来获得的,该积分方程是与每个冗余对应的相容方程。给出了任意支承单跨梁在动点力和集中时变力作用下的解。通过应用简单的数值程序,可以绕过解析求解Volterra积分方程的困难。最后,给出了一个具有两个弹性约束的双梁系统的算例,以表明该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Performance Evaluation and Frequency Response Analysis of a Two Stage Two Spool Electrohydraulic Servovalve with a Linearized Model 二级二阀芯电液伺服阀线性化模型的性能评价和频率响应分析
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-05-09 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.945.20190509
N. Mondal, B. Datta
This article focuses on the performance study and frequency response analysis with the state space model of a linearized two stage two spool non-conventional electrohydraulic servovalve from a set of nonlinear state equations. The performance of this valve depends on many valve geometries and fluid parameters. This non-conventional electrohydraulic servovalve is controlled by a pressure controlled pilot, which generates a differential pressure between the upper and lower chambers of two spools. This differential pressure acts as the feedback element, thereby reducing the requirement for a feedback wire. In this paper, the dynamic behaviour and state-space model of the valve is established with the aid of linearized mathematical equations and the coefficients of the equations directly depend on the valves parameters, fluid properties and flow properties. The dynamic performance of this valve and the frequency response are analysed with the help of MATLAB/Simulink.
本文从非线性状态方程出发,建立了线性化的两级双阀芯非常规电液伺服阀的状态空间模型,对其进行了性能研究和频率响应分析。这种阀门的性能取决于许多阀门的几何形状和流体参数。这种非传统的电液伺服阀由压力控制先导控制,在两个阀芯的上腔和下腔之间产生压差。这种压差作为反馈元件,从而减少了对反馈导线的需求。本文利用线性化数学方程建立了阀的动态特性和状态空间模型,方程的系数直接依赖于阀的参数、流体特性和流动特性。利用MATLAB/Simulink软件对该阀的动态性能和频率响应进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Influence of TiSi(N) Reflective Coating Thermal Resistance on Energy Absorption of Fireproof Textile Coupled with Auxetic Fabric TiSi(N)反射涂层耐热性对复合阻燃织物吸能影响的研究
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-05-09 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1003.20190509
D. Miedzińska, M. Stankiewicz, R. Gieleta, K. Marszałek
The research presented in the paper deals with the improvement of firemen protective clothing. The proposed modification of the special textile PROTON is based on the application of TiSi(N) nanocomposite reflective layer, which improves the thermal resistance of the coated material. The second improvement deals with the implementation of auxetic textile into the protective clothing structure. Such material is characterized with the very good blast wave resistance. In the paper both phenomena were studied. The results of thermal resistance of coated and not coated PROTON shown that the application of such structure decreased the temperature acting behind the textile and the application of the auxetic textile significantly increased the PROTON resistance to gas impact. Also the advantages of coupling both improvement methods were discussed, because of the negative influence of high temperature on auxetic behaviour.
本文对消防员防护服的改进进行了研究。对质子特种纺织品进行改性是基于应用TiSi(N)纳米复合反射层,提高涂层材料的热阻。第二项改进涉及在防护服结构中实施增塑剂纺织品。这种材料具有很好的抗爆炸冲击波性能。本文对这两种现象进行了研究。包覆和未包覆的质子热阻结果表明,这种结构的应用降低了作用于纺织品背后的温度,而助剂织物的应用显著提高了质子抗气体冲击的能力。同时讨论了两种改进方法耦合的优点,因为高温对材料的消长性能有负面影响。
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引用次数: 1
Bending of Beams with Symmetrically Varying Mechanical Properties Under Generalized Load – Shear effect 力学性能对称变化梁在广义荷载-剪切作用下的弯曲
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-05-09 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.987.20190509
K. Magnucki, J. Lewiński
The paper is devoted to simply supported beams with symmetrically varying mechanical properties in the depth direction. Generalized load of the beams includes the load types from uniformly distributed to point load (three-point bending). This load is analytically described with the use of a certain function including a dimensionless parameter. The value of the parameter is decisive for the load type. The individual nonlinear “polynomial” hypothesis is applied to deformation of a planar cross section. Based on the definitions of the bending moment and the shear transverse force the differential equation of equilibrium is obtained. The equation is analytically solved and the deflections are calculated for an exemplary beam family. The results of the study are specified in tables.
本文研究了在深度方向上力学性能对称变化的简支梁。梁的广义荷载包括从均匀分布到点荷载(三点弯曲)的荷载类型。使用包括无量纲参数的特定函数对该载荷进行解析描述。参数的值对负载类型具有决定性作用。单个非线性“多项式”假设适用于平面截面的变形。根据弯矩和剪切横向力的定义,得到了平衡微分方程。对该方程进行了解析求解,并计算了一个示例梁族的挠度。研究结果详见表格。
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引用次数: 7
Response Surfaces in the Numerical Homogenization of Non-Linear Porous Materials 非线性多孔材料数值均匀化中的响应面
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-05-02 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1012.20190502
W. Beluch, Marcin Hatłas
The paper deals with the numerical homogenization of structures made of non-linear porous material. Material non-linearity causes a significant increase in computational costs for numerical homogenization procedure. An application of the response surface methodology allows a significant reduction of the computational effort providing good approximation precision. Finite element method commercial software is employed to solve the boundary-value problem in both scales. Due to the significant reduction in computing time, the proposed attitude may be applied for different optimization and identification tasks for inhomogeneous, non-linear media, especially with the use of global optimization methods.
本文研究了非线性多孔材料结构的数值均匀化问题。材料非线性导致数值均匀化过程的计算成本显著增加。响应面方法的应用允许显著减少计算工作量,从而提供良好的近似精度。采用有限元法商业软件求解两种尺度下的边值问题。由于计算时间的显著减少,所提出的姿态可以应用于非均匀非线性介质的不同优化和识别任务,特别是使用全局优化方法。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of Monotonic and Cyclic Behavior of Soft Clay Using Direct Simple Shear Apparatus 用直剪仪研究软粘土的单调和循环特性
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.939.20190426
Sutera Benchanukrom, Chitsirin Lailak, N. Konkong
The purpose of this research was to study the monotonic and cyclic simple shear mode behavior of Bangkok clay, using direct simple shear apparatus. The monotonic specimens were prepared in a saturated condition and were K0 consolidated before being undrained sheared. The specimens were sheared at the shear strain rate of 5% per hour until the shear strain reached 20%. The Stress History and Normalized Soil Engineering Properties (SHANSEP) method was applied to analyze the monotonic test data, and the CK0DSS SHANSEP equation was proposed, based on the results. The results from the CK0DSS SHANSEP equation were in a good correlation with Qu, CK0CU and CK0EU. The cyclic specimens were tested at different frequencies of 0.1, 1 and 5 Hz and the vertical stress was varied at 200, 300, and 400 kPa. The shear strain amplitude was controlled at ±0.5% for the first 100 cycles, and then was increased to ±1.5% for the next 100 cycles, and finally it was increased to ±3% for the last 100 cycles. The results showed that the shear modulus increased when the maximum vertical effective stress increased and the damping ratio increased when the strain amplitude increased.
采用直接单剪试验装置,研究了曼谷粘土的单调和循环单剪模态特性。单调试样在饱和条件下制备,在不排水剪切前进行K0固结。试样按5% / h的剪切速率剪切,直至剪切应变达到20%。采用应力历史和归一化土工程特性(SHANSEP)方法对单调试验数据进行分析,并在此基础上提出CK0DSS SHANSEP方程。CK0DSS SHANSEP方程的结果与Qu、CK0CU和CK0EU具有良好的相关性。循环试件在0.1、1和5 Hz频率下进行测试,竖向应力在200、300和400 kPa处变化。剪切应变幅值在前100次循环控制在±0.5%,然后在接下来的100次循环中增加到±1.5%,最后在100次循环中增加到±3%。结果表明:剪切模量随最大竖向有效应力的增大而增大,阻尼比随应变幅值的增大而增大;
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Strength Differential on Material Effort and Lifetime of Steam Turbine Rotors Under Thermo-Mechanical Load 热机械负荷下强度差对汽轮机转子材料强度和寿命的影响
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.964.20190426
M. Banaszkiewicz, W. Dudda, J. Badur
The paper presents the results of experimental tests and numerical simulations related with the strength differential effect. Tensile and compression tests on 2CrMoV low-alloy steel are performed to evaluate the magnitude of the yield stress difference in tension and compression. The strength differential parameter is then used in the formula for equivalent stress proposed by Burzynski. The material effort calculated using Burzynski and Huber-Mises-Hencky hypotheses was compared for different start-stop cycles. Analytical notch stress-strain correction rules by Neuber and Glinka-Molski were applied to compute elastic-plastic strain amplitudes in rotor circumferential grooves. It was finally shown that the strength differential effect has significant influence on the predicted fatigue life under thermo-mechanical loading.
本文介绍了强度差效应的试验结果和数值模拟结果。对2CrMoV低合金钢进行了拉伸和压缩试验,以评估拉伸和压缩屈服应力差的大小。然后将强度微分参数用于Burzynski提出的等效应力公式中。使用Burzynski和Huber-Mises-Hencky假设计算的材料努力在不同的启停周期下进行了比较。采用Neuber和gllinka - molski的缺口应力-应变解析修正规则计算转子周向槽弹塑性应变幅值。结果表明,强度差效应对热机械载荷下的疲劳寿命预测有显著影响。
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引用次数: 10
Investigation of free vibration and buckling of Timoshenko nano-beam based on a general form of eringen theory using conformable fractional derivative and Galerkin method 基于广义eringen理论的Timoshenko纳米梁自由振动和屈曲的保形分数导数和Galerkin方法研究
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1001.20190426
F. Mohammadi, Z. Rahimi, W. Sumelka, Xiao-jun Yang
The purpose of this paper is to study the free vibration and buckling of a Timoshenko nano-beam using the general form of the Eringen theory generalized based on the fractional derivatives. In this paper, using the conformable fractional derivative (CFD) definition the generalized form of the Eringen nonlocal theory (ENT) is used to consider the effects of integer and noninteger stress gradients in the constitutive relation and also to consider small-scale effect in the vibration of a Timoshenko nano-beam. The governing equation is solved by the Galerkin method. Free vibration and buckling of a Timoshenko simply supported (S) nano-beam is investigated, and the influence of the fractional and nonlocal parameters is shown on the frequency ratio and buckling ratio. In this sense, the obtained formulation allows for an easier mapping of experimental results on nano-beams. The new theory (fractional parameter) makes the modeling more flexible. The model can conclude all of the integer and non-integer operators and is not limited to the special operators such as ENT. In other words, it allows to use more sophisticated/flexible mathematics to model physical phenomena.
利用基于分数阶导数的广义Eringen理论的一般形式,研究了Timoshenko纳米梁的自由振动和屈曲问题。本文利用合形分数阶导数(CFD)定义,利用广义的Eringen非局部理论(ENT)来考虑整数和非整数应力梯度在本构关系中的影响,并考虑Timoshenko纳米梁振动中的小尺度效应。用伽辽金法求解控制方程。研究了Timoshenko简支纳米梁的自由振动和屈曲,得到了分数阶参数和非局部参数对频率比和屈曲比的影响。从这个意义上说,所获得的公式允许更容易地映射纳米光束的实验结果。新的理论(分数参数)使建模更加灵活。该模型可以归纳出所有的整数和非整数运算符,并且不局限于特殊运算符,如ENT。换句话说,它允许使用更复杂/灵活的数学来模拟物理现象。
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引用次数: 6
The Influence of High-Strength Bolts Stiffening on Flange Connection Behaviour 高强度螺栓加劲对法兰连接性能的影响
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.24423/ENGTRANS.1006.20190405
I. Major, M. Major, K. Kuliński
Flange connections can commonly be seen in advertising board structures, which are subjected to wind loading. Depending on the structure’s geometry, additional torsion forces should be taken into account. In this paper the static behaviour of a flange connection with high-strength bolts under torsion load has been discussed. The numerical analysis concerns two cases: a flange connection subjected only to a high-strength bolts prestressing load and a flange connection subjected to both – bolts prestressing force and torsion moment. The stated boundary problem has been solved with the use of SolidWorks software. The obtained numerical results show good agreement with the analytical method.
法兰连接通常可以在广告牌结构中看到,它受到风荷载。根据结构的几何形状,应考虑额外的扭转力。本文讨论了高强度螺栓法兰连接在扭转载荷作用下的静力性能。数值分析涉及两种情况:仅承受高强度螺栓预应力载荷的法兰连接和同时承受双螺栓预应力和扭矩的法兰连接。利用SolidWorks软件解决了上述边界问题。所得数值结果与解析方法吻合较好。
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引用次数: 1
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Engineering Transactions
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