Giovana Guerra Mariano, Bruno Ettore Pavan, Maria Eduarda Facioli Otoboni, Maria Isabel Andrade, Pablo Forlan Vargas
Sweet potato crops present a wide genetic diversity, but genetic parameters of populations should be estimated in breeding programs, mainly when the selection is focused on multiple traits. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and select clones via a selection index in a sweet potato population obtained from uncontrolled crosses. The experiment was carried out in Ilha Solteira, Sao Paulo, Brazil, from June to November 2020, to evaluate 144 clones and three controls, totaling 147 treatments. A randomized block design was used, with two replications and three plants per plot. The data were analyzed through mixed modeling (REML/BLUP), and the selection index proposed by Mulamba & Mock was applied using a selection pressure of 17.3% for the selection of superior clones. The direct selection enabled a higher prediction of gains for each trait, but the joint analysis maximized the selection gains for all traits of interest. Clones 38, 63, 79, 77, and 5 are recommended, among the selected clones, for further stages of sweet potato breeding focused on improving traits for production and table consumption. Palavras-chave: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, Variabilidade genética, Índice de seleção, Parâmetros genéticos, Ganho com seleção
甘薯作物具有广泛的遗传多样性，但在育种规划中，主要是在集中选择多性状时，应估计群体的遗传参数。因此，本研究的目的是估计遗传参数，并通过选择指数来选择从非控制杂交获得的甘薯群体。该实验于2020年6月至11月在巴西圣保罗的Ilha Solteira进行，评估了144个无性系和3个对照，共147个处理。采用随机区组设计，2个重复，每亩3株。通过混合建模(REML/BLUP)对数据进行分析，采用Mulamba &以17.3%的选择压力进行模拟，筛选优质无性系。直接选择使每个性状的预测收益更高，而联合分析使所有感兴趣性状的选择收益最大化。在选择的无性系中，建议将38、63、79、77和5号无性系用于红薯育种的下一阶段，重点是改善生产和食用性状。palavras - have: Ipomoea batatas (L.)Lam, Variabilidade gen， Índice de sele， parmetros gen， Ganho com sele
{"title":"Prediction of genetic gains in sweet potato genotypes by polycross","authors":"Giovana Guerra Mariano, Bruno Ettore Pavan, Maria Eduarda Facioli Otoboni, Maria Isabel Andrade, Pablo Forlan Vargas","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4053","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato crops present a wide genetic diversity, but genetic parameters of populations should be estimated in breeding programs, mainly when the selection is focused on multiple traits. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and select clones via a selection index in a sweet potato population obtained from uncontrolled crosses. The experiment was carried out in Ilha Solteira, Sao Paulo, Brazil, from June to November 2020, to evaluate 144 clones and three controls, totaling 147 treatments. A randomized block design was used, with two replications and three plants per plot. The data were analyzed through mixed modeling (REML/BLUP), and the selection index proposed by Mulamba & Mock was applied using a selection pressure of 17.3% for the selection of superior clones. The direct selection enabled a higher prediction of gains for each trait, but the joint analysis maximized the selection gains for all traits of interest. Clones 38, 63, 79, 77, and 5 are recommended, among the selected clones, for further stages of sweet potato breeding focused on improving traits for production and table consumption. Palavras-chave: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, Variabilidade genética, Índice de seleção, Parâmetros genéticos, Ganho com seleção","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Débora Cristina Mastroleo Luís, Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso, Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves, Raíra Andrade Pelvine, Marcelo Munhoz Venâncio de Oliveira
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two organic fertilizers used before planting and in top dressing in the production of parsley. Seven treatments were evaluated, resulted from the factorial 2 x 3 + 1: two organic fertilizers (castor bean cake, and hoof and horn powder) x 3 modes of application (100% before planting; 100% in top dressing; 50% before planting and 50% in top dressing) + 1 control. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five replications and plots of 1 m2. Two harvests were done and in both the following characteristics were evaluated: the relative chlorophyll index ("Spad''), plant height, fresh (FW) and dry (DW) matter weight of shoot and macronutrients accumulation. There was no significant difference for the ‘’Spad” index in both harvests. For the other characteristics, the control was inferior to the other treatments. In the comparison among application modes, the treatment with castor bean cake, 100% before planting, was inferior to the other applications modes of this fertilizer for FW and DW. For hoof and horn powder, the 100% in top dressing application mode was superior to other applications. In the comparison between fertilizers, the hoof and horn powder was superior to castor bean cake in both harvests when application was done 100% before planting. The descending order of macronutrients accumulation was: K > N > Ca > P > Mg. Therefore, it is recommended to apply hoof and horn powder, 100% in top dressing application.
{"title":"Parsley production using organic fertilizers before planting and in top dressing","authors":"Débora Cristina Mastroleo Luís, Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso, Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves, Raíra Andrade Pelvine, Marcelo Munhoz Venâncio de Oliveira","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4022","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two organic fertilizers used before planting and in top dressing in the production of parsley. Seven treatments were evaluated, resulted from the factorial 2 x 3 + 1: two organic fertilizers (castor bean cake, and hoof and horn powder) x 3 modes of application (100% before planting; 100% in top dressing; 50% before planting and 50% in top dressing) + 1 control. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five replications and plots of 1 m2. Two harvests were done and in both the following characteristics were evaluated: the relative chlorophyll index (\"Spad''), plant height, fresh (FW) and dry (DW) matter weight of shoot and macronutrients accumulation. There was no significant difference for the ‘’Spad” index in both harvests. For the other characteristics, the control was inferior to the other treatments. In the comparison among application modes, the treatment with castor bean cake, 100% before planting, was inferior to the other applications modes of this fertilizer for FW and DW. For hoof and horn powder, the 100% in top dressing application mode was superior to other applications. In the comparison between fertilizers, the hoof and horn powder was superior to castor bean cake in both harvests when application was done 100% before planting. The descending order of macronutrients accumulation was: K > N > Ca > P > Mg. Therefore, it is recommended to apply hoof and horn powder, 100% in top dressing application.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves, Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso, Joseantonio Ribeiro de Carvalho, Nicholas Taborda Nordi, Marcelo Munhoz Venâncio de Oliveira, Irene Santos Slusarz da Silva, Politon Thiago Pereira Guedes
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different forms of application (before planting and as top dressing) of organic fertilizers, namely castor bean cake and hoof and horn powder, on the production of jambu plants. The experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel, SP, and at the 'Estância Três Nascentes' site in Botucatu, SP. Seven treatments were evaluated in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial design, with two organic fertilizers, castor bean cake (CBC) and hoof and horn powder (HHP), and three forms of application (100% before planting, 100% as top dressing, and 50% before planting + 50% as top dressing), plus a control treatment. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Plant height, number of inflorescences (NI), fresh weight of inflorescences (FWI), fresh weight of vegetative parts (FWVP), and total fresh weight (TFW) were evaluated at each location. In São Manuel, there was a difference between fertilizers in the forms of application, 100% before planting and 50% before planting + 50% as top dressing, for FWVP and for TFW only in the first form. In Botucatu, HHP resulted in higher NI when applied 100% before planting and FWVP and TFW between fertilizers when applied 100% as top dressing. The increases compared to the control, with HHP and CBC, were 81%, 83%, 168%, 83%, and 95% in São Manuel and 19%, 42%, 316%, 56%, and 67%, in Botucatu, for plant height, NI, FWI, FWVP, and TFW, respectively, confirming the importance of supplementing base fertilization with organic compounds.
本试验旨在评价有机肥蓖麻豆饼和蹄角粉不同施用方式(种植前和追肥)对jambu植株生产的影响。试验在SP o Manuel试验农场和SP波图卡图' est ncia Três Nascentes'试验场进行。采用2 × 3 + 1因子设计对7种处理进行评价，采用两种有机肥，蓖麻豆饼(CBC)和蹄角粉(HHP)，三种施用方式(种植前100%，100%追肥，种植前50% + 50%追肥)，加上对照处理。实验设计为随机完全区组，共4个重复。测定植株高度、花序数(NI)、花序鲜重(FWI)、营养部分鲜重(FWVP)和总鲜重(TFW)。在s o Manuel中，种前100%和种前50% + 50%追肥的施用形式存在差异，FWVP和TFW仅在第一种形式下施用。在Botucatu，在种植前施用100%的HHP可获得更高的NI，在肥料间施用100%追肥可获得更高的FWVP和TFW。与对照相比，施用HHP和CBC后，曼努尔岛的株高、NI、FWI、FWVP和TFW分别增加了81%、83%、168%、83%和95%，而在波图卡图，则分别增加了19%、42%、316%、56%和67%，证实了施用有机肥的重要性。
{"title":"Jambu production (Acmella oleracea [(L.) R. K. Jansen]) using different organic fertilizers at planting and as top dressing","authors":"Thatiane Nepomuceno Alves, Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso, Joseantonio Ribeiro de Carvalho, Nicholas Taborda Nordi, Marcelo Munhoz Venâncio de Oliveira, Irene Santos Slusarz da Silva, Politon Thiago Pereira Guedes","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4064","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different forms of application (before planting and as top dressing) of organic fertilizers, namely castor bean cake and hoof and horn powder, on the production of jambu plants. The experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel, SP, and at the 'Estância Três Nascentes' site in Botucatu, SP. Seven treatments were evaluated in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial design, with two organic fertilizers, castor bean cake (CBC) and hoof and horn powder (HHP), and three forms of application (100% before planting, 100% as top dressing, and 50% before planting + 50% as top dressing), plus a control treatment. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Plant height, number of inflorescences (NI), fresh weight of inflorescences (FWI), fresh weight of vegetative parts (FWVP), and total fresh weight (TFW) were evaluated at each location. In São Manuel, there was a difference between fertilizers in the forms of application, 100% before planting and 50% before planting + 50% as top dressing, for FWVP and for TFW only in the first form. In Botucatu, HHP resulted in higher NI when applied 100% before planting and FWVP and TFW between fertilizers when applied 100% as top dressing. The increases compared to the control, with HHP and CBC, were 81%, 83%, 168%, 83%, and 95% in São Manuel and 19%, 42%, 316%, 56%, and 67%, in Botucatu, for plant height, NI, FWI, FWVP, and TFW, respectively, confirming the importance of supplementing base fertilization with organic compounds.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nayane Matias Silva, Diene Gonçalves Souza, Abner Alves Mesquita, Daniel Emanuel Cabral de Oliveira, Osvaldo Resende, Marco Antônio Pereira da Silva
Vegetable peels are rarely used in food preparation, causing the loss of several nutrients. Such residues caproduce flour as a possible food source with added nutritional and economic value. Thus, the objective wasto evaluate the nutritional quality and the color of the flours obtained from the peels of potato, carrot, andchayote subjected to drying at the temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C, as well as analyzing the dryingkinetics. The peels were removed, packed in an isothermal box with ice, and taken to the laboratory. Thenthey were washed in running water to remove dirt and unwanted parts and sanitized. After this stage, theywere broken into 2 cm lengths. The drying was carried out in 150 g of peels in triplicate for each raw material.Subsequently, nutritional quality, color, and drying models were determined. Flours obtained from drying athigher temperatures showed higher protein content and lower lipid content. The higher the temperature, theshorter the drying time for the flour. All flours presented excellent nutritional quality. Among the models studiedfor potato peels, Wang and Singh, Midilli, and Logarithmic are the most suitable. For chayote and carrot peels,the Midilli model is the most adequate. Using vegetable residues added to food formulations presents itself asan excellent nutritional source, besides adding flavor and texture to foods.
{"title":"Drying and analysis of waste from potatoes, carrots, and chayote for food purposes","authors":"Nayane Matias Silva, Diene Gonçalves Souza, Abner Alves Mesquita, Daniel Emanuel Cabral de Oliveira, Osvaldo Resende, Marco Antônio Pereira da Silva","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3492","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable peels are rarely used in food preparation, causing the loss of several nutrients. Such residues caproduce flour as a possible food source with added nutritional and economic value. Thus, the objective wasto evaluate the nutritional quality and the color of the flours obtained from the peels of potato, carrot, andchayote subjected to drying at the temperatures of 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C, as well as analyzing the dryingkinetics. The peels were removed, packed in an isothermal box with ice, and taken to the laboratory. Thenthey were washed in running water to remove dirt and unwanted parts and sanitized. After this stage, theywere broken into 2 cm lengths. The drying was carried out in 150 g of peels in triplicate for each raw material.Subsequently, nutritional quality, color, and drying models were determined. Flours obtained from drying athigher temperatures showed higher protein content and lower lipid content. The higher the temperature, theshorter the drying time for the flour. All flours presented excellent nutritional quality. Among the models studiedfor potato peels, Wang and Singh, Midilli, and Logarithmic are the most suitable. For chayote and carrot peels,the Midilli model is the most adequate. Using vegetable residues added to food formulations presents itself asan excellent nutritional source, besides adding flavor and texture to foods.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manoel Fernandes da Costa, Graciene de Souza Silva, Eden Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Junior, Cícero Antônio de Sousa Araújo, Fabio Freire de Oliveira, Gilberto Saraiva Tavares Filho
The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is a cucurbitaceous plant of great social and economic importance in Brazil, especially in the north-eastern region. However, anthropic actions through the practice of irrigation, fertigation and fertilization in an inadequate way, have potentiated the salinization of the soil becoming this one of the main factors that limit the production and the quality of the fruits. In this work, the effects of the application of mineral fertilization on the salinization of soil cultivated with watermelon were evaluated. The experiment was performed in the city of Petrolina-PE, with four repetitions, using five treatments: (T0) no fertilization, (T1) NPK fertilization, (T2) average dose of NPK practiced by producers, (T3) maximum dose of NPK from producers having potassium chloride as a source of potassium and (T4) maximum dose of NPK from producers having potassium sulfate as a source of potassium, at two different depths: 0.00 - 0.20 m and 0.20 - 0.60 m. The soil chemical attributes analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium. The increase in the continuous application of mineral fertilizers raised the electrical conductivity values of the soil to levels prejudicial to the crop.
{"title":"Process of soil salinization as a function of watermelon mineral fertilization","authors":"Manoel Fernandes da Costa, Graciene de Souza Silva, Eden Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Junior, Cícero Antônio de Sousa Araújo, Fabio Freire de Oliveira, Gilberto Saraiva Tavares Filho","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3991","url":null,"abstract":"The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is a cucurbitaceous plant of great social and economic importance in Brazil, especially in the north-eastern region. However, anthropic actions through the practice of irrigation, fertigation and fertilization in an inadequate way, have potentiated the salinization of the soil becoming this one of the main factors that limit the production and the quality of the fruits. In this work, the effects of the application of mineral fertilization on the salinization of soil cultivated with watermelon were evaluated. The experiment was performed in the city of Petrolina-PE, with four repetitions, using five treatments: (T0) no fertilization, (T1) NPK fertilization, (T2) average dose of NPK practiced by producers, (T3) maximum dose of NPK from producers having potassium chloride as a source of potassium and (T4) maximum dose of NPK from producers having potassium sulfate as a source of potassium, at two different depths: 0.00 - 0.20 m and 0.20 - 0.60 m. The soil chemical attributes analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium. The increase in the continuous application of mineral fertilizers raised the electrical conductivity values of the soil to levels prejudicial to the crop.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of silicon in different blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) cultivars. The treatments were installed in a factorial design with six replications, and consisted of three different cultivars (Brightwell, Beckblue and Climax) with or without regular application of silicon via foliar, using silicon oxide at 1.5 g L-1. It was evaluated the following plant attributes: leaf area, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, meanwhile the following postharvest attributes were evaluated: fruit number, diameter and weight, yield, pH, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, contents of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, and activity of peroxidase. Vegetative development of blueberry plants in response to Si presented higher yield, leaf area, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, and higher chlorophyll fluorescence relationships such as maximum photochemical efficiency and PSII potential activity, as well as less stressed plants, especially in cultivars Climax and Brightwell. For post-harvest physicochemical characteristics, silicon foliar application improved fruit weight and diameter for cvs. Beckblue and Climax, and fruit number for cv. Brightwell. All cultivars, in response to silicon application increased the titratable acidity, the levels of phenolic compounds, the level of anthocyanins, whereas peroxidase activity decreased. The performance of the evaluated blueberry cultivars was better through silicon application, with greater performance of vegetative growth, fruit yield, and fruit quality, especially in cultivar Climax, which was the most suitable in terms in of fruit yield in this study.
本研究的目的是评价不同品种蓝莓叶面施硅的效果。试验采用6个重复的析因设计，包括3个不同的品种(Brightwell、Beckblue和Climax)，有或没有通过叶面施用硅，使用1.5 g L-1的氧化硅。评价了叶片面积、叶绿素荧光和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性，同时评价了采后性状:果实数、直径和重量、产量、pH、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸度、酚类化合物和花青素含量以及过氧化物酶活性。在Si胁迫下，蓝莓的营养发育表现出更高的产量、叶面积、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性以及更高的叶绿素荧光关系(如最大光化学效率和PSII潜在活性)，且胁迫程度较低，尤其是Climax和Brightwell品种。在采后理化性状方面，施硅叶面改善了果实重和直径。Beckblue和Climax，果数为cv。Brightwell。施硅提高了各品种的可滴定酸度、酚类化合物含量和花青素含量，降低了过氧化物酶活性。施用硅的蓝莓品种表现较好，营养生长、果实产量和果实品质均有较好的表现，其中顶极品种最适合本研究品种的产量。
{"title":"Agronomic, Physiological, and Post-Harvest Aspects of Different Blueberry Cultivars Treated with Silicon","authors":"Thays Silva, Renan Caldas Umburanas, Carla Garcia, Gabriela Datsch Bennemann, Patricia Carla Giloni-Lima, Carine Rusin, Allison John de Sousa, Renato Vasconcelos Botelho","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4043","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of silicon in different blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) cultivars. The treatments were installed in a factorial design with six replications, and consisted of three different cultivars (Brightwell, Beckblue and Climax) with or without regular application of silicon via foliar, using silicon oxide at 1.5 g L-1. It was evaluated the following plant attributes: leaf area, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, meanwhile the following postharvest attributes were evaluated: fruit number, diameter and weight, yield, pH, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, contents of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, and activity of peroxidase. Vegetative development of blueberry plants in response to Si presented higher yield, leaf area, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, and higher chlorophyll fluorescence relationships such as maximum photochemical efficiency and PSII potential activity, as well as less stressed plants, especially in cultivars Climax and Brightwell. For post-harvest physicochemical characteristics, silicon foliar application improved fruit weight and diameter for cvs. Beckblue and Climax, and fruit number for cv. Brightwell. All cultivars, in response to silicon application increased the titratable acidity, the levels of phenolic compounds, the level of anthocyanins, whereas peroxidase activity decreased. The performance of the evaluated blueberry cultivars was better through silicon application, with greater performance of vegetative growth, fruit yield, and fruit quality, especially in cultivar Climax, which was the most suitable in terms in of fruit yield in this study.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reynaldo Teodoro De Fatima, Jackson Silva Nóbrega, Jean Télvio Andrade Ferreira, Wilma Freitas Celedônio, João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro, Walter Esfrain Pereira, None Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto, Geovani Soares de Lima
Salt stress has compromised the worldwide expansion of fruit farming by causing damage to light energy regulation and crop growth, which can be mitigated by applying foliar nitrogen (N). From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the chlorophyll contents, fluorescence, and the growth of sugar apple seedlings under irrigation with saline water and foliar N fertilisation. The experiment was conducted in a plant nursery and following a randomized block design referring to five electrical conductivity levels of irrigation water (0.5, 1.15, 2.75, 4.35, and 5.0 dS m-1) and five foliar N levels (0.0, 0.33, 1.15, 1.97, and 2.3 g L-1), with four replications and two plants per plot, totaling nine combinations generated by the Box central composite design. Irrigation water salinity reduces the growth of sugar apple seedlings irrigated with conductivity levels over 1.7 dS m-1 at 90 days after emergence. Foliar N fertilisation increased the photochemical efficiency and growth of sugar apple seedlings. The foliar application of 1.93 g L-1 mitigate the deleterious effects of water salinity on the photochemical efficiency and growth of sugar apple seedlings.
盐胁迫通过对光能调节和作物生长造成损害而影响了世界范围内水果种植的发展，而叶面施氮可以缓解这一影响。从这个角度来看，本研究旨在评估盐水和叶面施氮灌溉下苹果幼苗的叶绿素含量、荧光和生长。试验采用Box中心组合设计，采用5个灌溉水电导率水平(0.5、1.15、2.75、4.35和5.0 dS m-1)和5个叶片氮水平(0.0、0.33、1.15、1.97和2.3 g L-1)， 4个重复，每地块2株，共9个组合。灌溉水盐度降低了出苗后90 d电导率在1.7 dS m-1以上的苹果幼苗的生长。叶片施氮提高了苹果幼苗的光化学效率和生长。叶面施用1.93 g L-1可减轻水盐对苹果幼苗光化学效率和生长的有害影响。
{"title":"Photochemical efficiency and growth of sugar apple under irrigation with saline water and foliar nitrogen","authors":"Reynaldo Teodoro De Fatima, Jackson Silva Nóbrega, Jean Télvio Andrade Ferreira, Wilma Freitas Celedônio, João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro, Walter Esfrain Pereira, None Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto, Geovani Soares de Lima","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4020","url":null,"abstract":"Salt stress has compromised the worldwide expansion of fruit farming by causing damage to light energy regulation and crop growth, which can be mitigated by applying foliar nitrogen (N). From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the chlorophyll contents, fluorescence, and the growth of sugar apple seedlings under irrigation with saline water and foliar N fertilisation. The experiment was conducted in a plant nursery and following a randomized block design referring to five electrical conductivity levels of irrigation water (0.5, 1.15, 2.75, 4.35, and 5.0 dS m-1) and five foliar N levels (0.0, 0.33, 1.15, 1.97, and 2.3 g L-1), with four replications and two plants per plot, totaling nine combinations generated by the Box central composite design. Irrigation water salinity reduces the growth of sugar apple seedlings irrigated with conductivity levels over 1.7 dS m-1 at 90 days after emergence. Foliar N fertilisation increased the photochemical efficiency and growth of sugar apple seedlings. The foliar application of 1.93 g L-1 mitigate the deleterious effects of water salinity on the photochemical efficiency and growth of sugar apple seedlings.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giuliana Naiara Barros Sales, Alzira Maria de Souza Silva Neta, Franciscleudo Bezerra da Costa, Geovani Soares de Lima, Wellington Souto Ribeiro, Toshik Iarley da Silva, Brencarla De Medeiros Lima, Walter Esfrain Pereira
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is sensitive to the salinity of water and soil, a common abiotic stress in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil; however, such sensitivity is variable with water management in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the fertilization with nitrogen-potassium combinations in okra cultivated under salt stress. Photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange, growth and fruit quality were evaluated. Fertilization with N1:K1 (40% N + 40% K2O) reduced the damage caused by salt stress and increased the chlorophyll contents, while the application of N4:K4 (130% N + 100% K2O) decreased the damage caused by salt stress and increased the carotenoid contents. The combination of N:K fertilization did not affect gas exchange, however, salt stress decreased these variables. Fertilization with N2:K2 (70% N + 60% K2O) reduced the damage caused by salt stress and increased the leaf area of okra. In addition, salt stress decreased the number of fruits and increased the fresh mass of okra fruits. The N:K fertilization also reduced the damage caused by salt stress and in the soluble solids content, titratable acidity, SS/TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content. Thus, N:K fertilization can be seen as an important agronomic strategy to improve the performance of okra quality subjected to saline conditions.
秋葵(Abelmoschus esculentus)对水和土壤的盐度敏感，这是巴西东北部半干旱地区常见的非生物胁迫;然而，在土壤-植物-大气系统中，这种敏感性随水分管理而变化。因此，本研究旨在评价盐胁迫下秋葵氮钾配施效果。对光合色素、气体交换、生长和果实品质进行了评价。N1:K1 (40% N + 40% K2O)处理降低了盐胁迫的危害，提高了叶绿素含量，而N4:K4 (130% N + 100% K2O)处理降低了盐胁迫的危害，提高了类胡萝卜素含量。氮磷肥配施对气体交换没有影响，但盐胁迫降低了这些变量。N2:K2 (70% N + 60% K2O)处理降低了秋葵盐胁迫的危害，增加了秋葵叶面积。盐胁迫降低了秋葵果实的果数，增加了秋葵果实的鲜质量。氮磷肥也降低了盐胁迫的危害，降低了可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸度、SS/TA比和抗坏血酸含量。因此，氮磷肥可以看作是改善秋葵在盐碱条件下品质表现的重要农艺策略。
{"title":"Combined fertilization with nitrogen-potassium to mitigate salt stress in okra","authors":"Giuliana Naiara Barros Sales, Alzira Maria de Souza Silva Neta, Franciscleudo Bezerra da Costa, Geovani Soares de Lima, Wellington Souto Ribeiro, Toshik Iarley da Silva, Brencarla De Medeiros Lima, Walter Esfrain Pereira","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4016","url":null,"abstract":"Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is sensitive to the salinity of water and soil, a common abiotic stress in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil; however, such sensitivity is variable with water management in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the fertilization with nitrogen-potassium combinations in okra cultivated under salt stress. Photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange, growth and fruit quality were evaluated. Fertilization with N1:K1 (40% N + 40% K2O) reduced the damage caused by salt stress and increased the chlorophyll contents, while the application of N4:K4 (130% N + 100% K2O) decreased the damage caused by salt stress and increased the carotenoid contents. The combination of N:K fertilization did not affect gas exchange, however, salt stress decreased these variables. Fertilization with N2:K2 (70% N + 60% K2O) reduced the damage caused by salt stress and increased the leaf area of okra. In addition, salt stress decreased the number of fruits and increased the fresh mass of okra fruits. The N:K fertilization also reduced the damage caused by salt stress and in the soluble solids content, titratable acidity, SS/TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content. Thus, N:K fertilization can be seen as an important agronomic strategy to improve the performance of okra quality subjected to saline conditions.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josandra Souza Teles Fonseca, Claudinéia Regina Pelacani, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, Romeu da Silva Leite, Aritana Alves da Silva, Thicyanne Oliveira Vilanova
Studies on plant development evaluating the effects of molybdenum (Mo) applications are important for nutritional management in crops, such as Physalis angulata L. crops. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of Physalis angulata grown under molybdenum rates in hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with 12 replications and five treatments (Mo rates: 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 mg dm-3 of H2MoO*4H2O). Chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters, nitrate reductase activity, total protein content, dry weights of leaves, stems, and roots, and root to shoot ratio were evaluated. Supplying Mo (0.02 mg dm-3) provided gains in biomass, which is connected to the total plant weight and total chlorophyll content. The nitrate reductase activity in leaves and roots was stimulated by Mo supplementation; the highest activity was found in the roots. Photosynthetic rate (0.010 mg dm-3) and water use efficiency (0.015 mg dm-3) were favored by increases in Mo rates. The results showed that application of molybdenum as a fertilizer resulted in positive effects on biomass gain, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and water use efficiency for P. angulata plants grown in hydroponics.
{"title":"Physiological responses of Physalis angulata L. grown under molybdenum rates in hydroponic system","authors":"Josandra Souza Teles Fonseca, Claudinéia Regina Pelacani, Marilza Neves do Nascimento, Romeu da Silva Leite, Aritana Alves da Silva, Thicyanne Oliveira Vilanova","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.4028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.4028","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on plant development evaluating the effects of molybdenum (Mo) applications are important for nutritional management in crops, such as Physalis angulata L. crops. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the responses of Physalis angulata grown under molybdenum rates in hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with 12 replications and five treatments (Mo rates: 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, and 0.02 mg dm-3 of H2MoO*4H2O). Chlorophyll content, gas exchange parameters, nitrate reductase activity, total protein content, dry weights of leaves, stems, and roots, and root to shoot ratio were evaluated. Supplying Mo (0.02 mg dm-3) provided gains in biomass, which is connected to the total plant weight and total chlorophyll content. The nitrate reductase activity in leaves and roots was stimulated by Mo supplementation; the highest activity was found in the roots. Photosynthetic rate (0.010 mg dm-3) and water use efficiency (0.015 mg dm-3) were favored by increases in Mo rates. The results showed that application of molybdenum as a fertilizer resulted in positive effects on biomass gain, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and water use efficiency for P. angulata plants grown in hydroponics.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcella Karoline Cardoso Vilarinho, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Luis Augusto Magalhães Antoniacomi, Andrea Dos Santos Oliveira, Petterson Baptista da Luz, Daniela Soares Alves Caldeira, Eder Pedroza Isquierdo, Ritielly Laiany Carvalho Senigalia
The cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a native species of the Cerrado. The species is of great economic expression for family farming. This study aimed to determine the drying curves and fit mathematical models to the experimental data obtained in the drying of cumbaru seeds. Furthermore, it aimed to define the best-fitted model and correlate the damage caused by the drying process through X-ray images. The Dipteryx alata Vog. seeds were obtained from fruits collected from 20 matrices in the municipality of Cáceres, in the state of Mato Grosso (MT), approximately 255 days after anthesis. The seeds were extracted and stored for 15 days until they reached hygroscopic equilibrium and a 14.5% water content. Drying was conducted in a continuous airflow dryer with an approximate temperature of 40° and a constant airflow velocity of 2.5 m/s. The experimental data were fitted to twelve mathematical models. The values of the coefficients of determination (R2), the relative mean error (P), and the estimated mean error (SE) were used to check the models’ fit degree. After drying, 40 seeds from each treatment were subjected to X-ray testing using the Faxitron MX-20 DC 12 equipment. The Midilli mathematical model was the best fit for the experimental data. The X-ray images showed no cracks or any other damage caused by the drying process.
cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.)是塞拉多的本地物种。该物种对家庭农业具有重要的经济意义。本研究旨在确定大黄种子干燥曲线，并与实验数据拟合数学模型。此外，它旨在定义最佳拟合模型，并通过x射线图像将干燥过程造成的损伤联系起来。阿拉木图双翅鸟。种子是从马托格罗索州Cáceres市的20个基质中收集的果实中获得的，大约在开花后255天。提取种子，保存15天，直至达到吸湿平衡，水分含量达到14.5%。干燥在连续气流干燥机中进行，温度约为40°，恒定气流速度为2.5 m/s。实验数据被拟合到12个数学模型中。用决定系数(R2)、相对平均误差(P)和估计平均误差(SE)的值来检验模型的拟合程度。干燥后，每种处理的40粒种子使用Faxitron MX-20 DC - 12设备进行x射线测试。Midilli数学模型最适合实验数据。x射线图像显示，干燥过程中没有裂缝或任何其他损坏。
{"title":"Mathematical models and X-ray image analysis in the drying of cumbaru seeds","authors":"Marcella Karoline Cardoso Vilarinho, Tonny José Araújo da Silva, Luis Augusto Magalhães Antoniacomi, Andrea Dos Santos Oliveira, Petterson Baptista da Luz, Daniela Soares Alves Caldeira, Eder Pedroza Isquierdo, Ritielly Laiany Carvalho Senigalia","doi":"10.14295/cs.v14.3927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v14.3927","url":null,"abstract":"The cumbaru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a native species of the Cerrado. The species is of great economic expression for family farming. This study aimed to determine the drying curves and fit mathematical models to the experimental data obtained in the drying of cumbaru seeds. Furthermore, it aimed to define the best-fitted model and correlate the damage caused by the drying process through X-ray images. The Dipteryx alata Vog. seeds were obtained from fruits collected from 20 matrices in the municipality of Cáceres, in the state of Mato Grosso (MT), approximately 255 days after anthesis. The seeds were extracted and stored for 15 days until they reached hygroscopic equilibrium and a 14.5% water content. Drying was conducted in a continuous airflow dryer with an approximate temperature of 40° and a constant airflow velocity of 2.5 m/s. The experimental data were fitted to twelve mathematical models. The values of the coefficients of determination (R2), the relative mean error (P), and the estimated mean error (SE) were used to check the models’ fit degree. After drying, 40 seeds from each treatment were subjected to X-ray testing using the Faxitron MX-20 DC 12 equipment. The Midilli mathematical model was the best fit for the experimental data. The X-ray images showed no cracks or any other damage caused by the drying process.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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