Edna Zimbro, C. Bernardi, Viviane Da Rosa, Douglas Alvarez Alamino, Alberto Ricardo Stefeni, Américo Wagner Júnior, P. D. D. Moraes
Jabuticaba (Plinia sp.) is one of the most important fruit species in the Brazilian flora; it is appreciated for fresh consumption or products produced from its fruits. The establishing of orchards requires the determination of management methods that favor the development and productivity of this species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of jabuticaba seedlings to application of herbicides and determine possible phytotoxicity. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Technological University of Paraná, in Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, with 5 plants per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of applications of pre-emergence herbicides (Dual Gold® and Spider®) and post-emergence herbicides (2,4-D, Ally®, Enlist®, Primatop®, Fusilade®, Imazetapyr, Flex®, Plenum®, and Volcane®). The applied herbicide rates were equivalent to 50% of their commercial recommendation. A spray volume equivalent to 250 L ha-1 was applied, using water as diluent. The following parameters were evaluated 45 days after applications: stem diameter at 1 cm above ground (cm); plant height (cm); numbers of necrotic, chlorotic, shriveled, and healthy leaves; number and length of shoots (cm); survival rate (%); and chlorophyll contents (a, b, and total). The application of the herbicides Ally®, Enlist®, and Flex® resulted in less harmful effects on jabuticaba seedlings. The lowest survival rates were found in plants in the treatments with the herbicides Dual Gold®, Volcane®, and Primatop®.
{"title":"Response of Jabuticaba [Plinia cauliflora (Mart) Kausel] seedlings to herbicides","authors":"Edna Zimbro, C. Bernardi, Viviane Da Rosa, Douglas Alvarez Alamino, Alberto Ricardo Stefeni, Américo Wagner Júnior, P. D. D. Moraes","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4228","url":null,"abstract":"Jabuticaba (Plinia sp.) is one of the most important fruit species in the Brazilian flora; it is appreciated for fresh consumption or products produced from its fruits. The establishing of orchards requires the determination of management methods that favor the development and productivity of this species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of jabuticaba seedlings to application of herbicides and determine possible phytotoxicity. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Technological University of Paraná, in Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, with 5 plants per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of applications of pre-emergence herbicides (Dual Gold® and Spider®) and post-emergence herbicides (2,4-D, Ally®, Enlist®, Primatop®, Fusilade®, Imazetapyr, Flex®, Plenum®, and Volcane®). The applied herbicide rates were equivalent to 50% of their commercial recommendation. A spray volume equivalent to 250 L ha-1 was applied, using water as diluent. The following parameters were evaluated 45 days after applications: stem diameter at 1 cm above ground (cm); plant height (cm); numbers of necrotic, chlorotic, shriveled, and healthy leaves; number and length of shoots (cm); survival rate (%); and chlorophyll contents (a, b, and total). The application of the herbicides Ally®, Enlist®, and Flex® resulted in less harmful effects on jabuticaba seedlings. The lowest survival rates were found in plants in the treatments with the herbicides Dual Gold®, Volcane®, and Primatop®.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renata Ranielly Pedroza Cruz, A. M. Pereira, E. P. D. Santos, T. I. Silva, Felipe Douglas Ferreira, W. S. Ribeiro, L. Peternelli, J. Grossi
The cultivation of ornamental peppers in places with high temperature and incidence of solar radiation limits the production and quality of plants and fruits. The colored shade nets were introduced and adopted, because they reduce the temperature and intensity of solar radiation, as well as, low cost and simple to handle. The aimed was to evaluate the production and quality of C. chinense and C. frutescens cultivated under colored shade nets. The experiment was developed in the Floriculture Sector of the Agronomy Department of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil from February to August 2021 in entirely randomized design. C. chinense and C. frutescens were cultivated under red, pearl and aluminet nets with 35% shading and without net. At 150 days, production variables were quantified. The red net reduced the maximum temperature by at 4.1ºC and the pearl and aluminet nets reduced the minimum temperature by 3ºC. The maximum and minimum relative humidity was increased by 2.6 and 8.5%, respectively, by the red net. The pearl net obtained the lowest percentage of solar radiation incidence. Plant height was greater in the red and pearl nets, and C. frutescens. The diameter and stem fresh matter did not differ statistically between treatments. Root length was greater in the red and aluminet nets. The longitudinal and transverse canopy ratio was higher in C. chinense cultivated under the aluminet net. The number of leaves and leaves fresh matter was higher in pearl and aluminet net, and in C. frutescens, but leaves dry matter was higher in C. chinense. The number of flower buds and flowers, and flower buds dry matter was higher in C. chinense. The root fresh matter and dry matter was greater in C. chinese. The use of colored shade nets during the cultivation period effectively reduced temperature and light intensity. The aluminet net in association with C. chinense are recommended considering the compactness of height, pot coverage, greater number, shape and arrangement of fruits.
在温度高、太阳辐射强的地方种植观赏辣椒，会限制植株和果实的产量和质量。由于彩色遮阳网可以降低温度和太阳辐射强度，而且成本低、操作简单，因此被引入并采用。目的是评估在彩色遮阳网下栽培的金银花（C. chinense）和金银花（C. frutescens）的产量和质量。实验于 2021 年 2 月至 8 月在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州维索萨市的维索萨联邦大学农学系花卉部门进行，采用完全随机设计。 在遮光率为 35% 的红网、珍珠网和铝箔网以及无网条件下，栽培了 C. chinense 和 C. frutescens。150天后，对生产变量进行量化。红网将最高温度降低了 4.1 摄氏度，珍珠网和铝箔网将最低温度降低了 3 摄氏度。红网使最高和最低相对湿度分别增加了 2.6% 和 8.5%。珍珠网获得的太阳辐射入射率最低。红网和珍珠网以及 C. frutescens 的植株高度更高。不同处理间的直径和茎鲜物质没有统计学差异。红网和铝网的根长更长。在铝箔网下栽培的金线莲的冠层纵横比更高。在珍珠网和铝箔网下栽培的 C. frutescens 的叶片数和叶片新鲜物质较多，但 C. chinense 的叶片干物质较多。花蕾和花的数量以及花蕾的干物质在 C. chinense 中较高。根的新鲜物质和干物质以中华绒螯菊为多。栽培期间使用彩色遮阳网可有效降低温度和光照强度。考虑到金线莲高度紧凑、花盆覆盖率高、果实数量多、形状和排列整齐，建议将铝箔网与金线莲结合使用。
{"title":"Production and quality of ornamental peppers cultivated under colored shade nets","authors":"Renata Ranielly Pedroza Cruz, A. M. Pereira, E. P. D. Santos, T. I. Silva, Felipe Douglas Ferreira, W. S. Ribeiro, L. Peternelli, J. Grossi","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4144","url":null,"abstract":"The cultivation of ornamental peppers in places with high temperature and incidence of solar radiation limits the production and quality of plants and fruits. The colored shade nets were introduced and adopted, because they reduce the temperature and intensity of solar radiation, as well as, low cost and simple to handle. The aimed was to evaluate the production and quality of C. chinense and C. frutescens cultivated under colored shade nets. The experiment was developed in the Floriculture Sector of the Agronomy Department of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil from February to August 2021 in entirely randomized design. C. chinense and C. frutescens were cultivated under red, pearl and aluminet nets with 35% shading and without net. At 150 days, production variables were quantified. The red net reduced the maximum temperature by at 4.1ºC and the pearl and aluminet nets reduced the minimum temperature by 3ºC. The maximum and minimum relative humidity was increased by 2.6 and 8.5%, respectively, by the red net. The pearl net obtained the lowest percentage of solar radiation incidence. Plant height was greater in the red and pearl nets, and C. frutescens. The diameter and stem fresh matter did not differ statistically between treatments. Root length was greater in the red and aluminet nets. The longitudinal and transverse canopy ratio was higher in C. chinense cultivated under the aluminet net. The number of leaves and leaves fresh matter was higher in pearl and aluminet net, and in C. frutescens, but leaves dry matter was higher in C. chinense. The number of flower buds and flowers, and flower buds dry matter was higher in C. chinense. The root fresh matter and dry matter was greater in C. chinese. The use of colored shade nets during the cultivation period effectively reduced temperature and light intensity. The aluminet net in association with C. chinense are recommended considering the compactness of height, pot coverage, greater number, shape and arrangement of fruits.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"256 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa de Sá Gomes Leal, L. B. Marinho, G. M. D. Oliveira, Maria Érica Pereira dos Santos, Vagner Deniz Clemente Campos, E. Aires, Acácio Figueiredo Neto
Water availability in arid and semi-arid areas has been a limiting factor to the expansion of agricultural production in several regions of the world. In this context, this research aimed to study the morphophysiological responses of pomegranate as a function of different irrigation depths in the Sub-Middle São Francisco River Valley (SSFV). The research was carried out in a commercial area located in Petrolina-PE, Brazil, with eight-year-old plants of lineage No. 12 of Embrapa Semi-Arid, spaced 4.0 x 2.0 m. Drip irrigation with a flow of 2.4 L h−1 emitter−1 was used every two days. The treatments consisted of D50 – continuous irrigation deficit with 50% ET0 replacement, D75 – continuous irrigation deficit with 75% ET0 replacement, D100 – continuous irrigation deficit with 100% ET0 replacement, and DF – farm irrigation. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with five replications. Plant height, cup diameter, number of flower buds, flowers, and fruits, relative chlorophyll content, free proline content in the leaves, gas exchange, water potential in the branch, and soil moisture were evaluated. The data were submitted for analysis of variance and regression at the 5% probability level, using the Sisvar program. We observed that the analyzed pomegranate can avoid excessive water loss to the atmosphere when subjected to water stress using different mechanisms. Moreover, the deficit of irrigation depths led to an anticipation and/or uniformity of flowering.
{"title":"Irrigation management of Punica granatum in the Sub-Middle São Francisco River Valley: Morphophysiological aspects.","authors":"Larissa de Sá Gomes Leal, L. B. Marinho, G. M. D. Oliveira, Maria Érica Pereira dos Santos, Vagner Deniz Clemente Campos, E. Aires, Acácio Figueiredo Neto","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4023","url":null,"abstract":"Water availability in arid and semi-arid areas has been a limiting factor to the expansion of agricultural production in several regions of the world. In this context, this research aimed to study the morphophysiological responses of pomegranate as a function of different irrigation depths in the Sub-Middle São Francisco River Valley (SSFV). The research was carried out in a commercial area located in Petrolina-PE, Brazil, with eight-year-old plants of lineage No. 12 of Embrapa Semi-Arid, spaced 4.0 x 2.0 m. Drip irrigation with a flow of 2.4 L h−1 emitter−1 was used every two days. The treatments consisted of D50 – continuous irrigation deficit with 50% ET0 replacement, D75 – continuous irrigation deficit with 75% ET0 replacement, D100 – continuous irrigation deficit with 100% ET0 replacement, and DF – farm irrigation. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with five replications. Plant height, cup diameter, number of flower buds, flowers, and fruits, relative chlorophyll content, free proline content in the leaves, gas exchange, water potential in the branch, and soil moisture were evaluated. The data were submitted for analysis of variance and regression at the 5% probability level, using the Sisvar program. We observed that the analyzed pomegranate can avoid excessive water loss to the atmosphere when subjected to water stress using different mechanisms. Moreover, the deficit of irrigation depths led to an anticipation and/or uniformity of flowering.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"2018 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angélica Padilha de Freitas, Willian Krause, Debora Sarana Ortolan Arantes, Dayane Castro Silva, E. Santos, Renê Arnoux da Silva Campos
The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and fruit sensory and quality characteristics in traditional and modern pineapple cultivars grown in Tangara da Serra, MT, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with five replications and 20 plants per plot. Planting was carried out in double rows with spacing of 1.2×0.4×0.4 m, in May 2018. The evaluated cultivars were BRS-Ajuba, BRS-Imperial, BRS-Vitoria, Gigante-de-Tarauaca, IAC-Fantastico, Jupi, Perola, and Smooth-Cayenne. Gigante-de-Tarauaca exhibited the highest fruit weight but presented low soluble solids content and soluble solids to titratable acidity ratio (SS/TA); thus, it is not recommended for fresh fruit market. Jupi exhibited fruit weights (>1500 g) suitable for the market and soluble solids above 12 °Brix, but SS/TA below 20. Considering the modern cultivars, BRS-Ajuba presented the highest fruit weight, but BRS-Imperial and IAC-Fantastico were the most attractive to consumers, as well as the traditional cultivar Perola. However, BRS-Imperial and IAC-Fantastico yield small fruits, which reduces their per-unit value in the market, as pineapples are typically valued based on their sizes.
{"title":"Agronomic performance and fruit sensory and quality analyses of pineapple cultivars","authors":"Angélica Padilha de Freitas, Willian Krause, Debora Sarana Ortolan Arantes, Dayane Castro Silva, E. Santos, Renê Arnoux da Silva Campos","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4193","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and fruit sensory and quality characteristics in traditional and modern pineapple cultivars grown in Tangara da Serra, MT, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with five replications and 20 plants per plot. Planting was carried out in double rows with spacing of 1.2×0.4×0.4 m, in May 2018. The evaluated cultivars were BRS-Ajuba, BRS-Imperial, BRS-Vitoria, Gigante-de-Tarauaca, IAC-Fantastico, Jupi, Perola, and Smooth-Cayenne. Gigante-de-Tarauaca exhibited the highest fruit weight but presented low soluble solids content and soluble solids to titratable acidity ratio (SS/TA); thus, it is not recommended for fresh fruit market. Jupi exhibited fruit weights (>1500 g) suitable for the market and soluble solids above 12 °Brix, but SS/TA below 20. Considering the modern cultivars, BRS-Ajuba presented the highest fruit weight, but BRS-Imperial and IAC-Fantastico were the most attractive to consumers, as well as the traditional cultivar Perola. However, BRS-Imperial and IAC-Fantastico yield small fruits, which reduces their per-unit value in the market, as pineapples are typically valued based on their sizes.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. L. Dipple, Franciely da Silva Ponce, C. Toledo, Rejeane Maria Da Silva, Cleci Grzebieluckas, Santino Seabra Júnior
This study evaluated the productivity and economic profitability of cultivation systems for the table market. A hybrid tomato cultivar, Fascínio was grown in 12 cultivation systems of the “half stake”, “open V”, and “low” types, with four spacings–0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 m between plants and 1.5 m between rows. Eleven fruits were harvested at the mature stage, and the productive (total, commercial, and non-commercial productivity, percentage of losses, and types of damage) and economic (production cost, revenue, and profit) parameters were evaluated. The half-stake and low (both with 0.2 m spacing) cropping systems showed the highest total yields (179 t ha-1), differing from the open V (154.4 t ha-1) and half-stake (0.2 m spacing) systems at higher commercial productivity (158.1 t ha-1). With a production cost below 100 thousand R$ per hectare and a profitability index above 58%, the half-stake and low (0.2 m spacing) cultivation systems proved to be more productive and economically efficient than the open V system, fulfilling the requirements of tomato growers. The creeping system (0.2 m spacing) had the highest percentage of losses (22%) due to non-marketable fruits; Based on damage nature, the half-stake system tomatoes showed black backgrounds and the open and creeping systems showed tomato locules affected by pests.
{"title":"Profitability and efficiency of conduction systems and optimal tomato density for fresh consumption","authors":"F. L. Dipple, Franciely da Silva Ponce, C. Toledo, Rejeane Maria Da Silva, Cleci Grzebieluckas, Santino Seabra Júnior","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4009","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the productivity and economic profitability of cultivation systems for the table market. A hybrid tomato cultivar, Fascínio was grown in 12 cultivation systems of the “half stake”, “open V”, and “low” types, with four spacings–0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 m between plants and 1.5 m between rows. Eleven fruits were harvested at the mature stage, and the productive (total, commercial, and non-commercial productivity, percentage of losses, and types of damage) and economic (production cost, revenue, and profit) parameters were evaluated. The half-stake and low (both with 0.2 m spacing) cropping systems showed the highest total yields (179 t ha-1), differing from the open V (154.4 t ha-1) and half-stake (0.2 m spacing) systems at higher commercial productivity (158.1 t ha-1). With a production cost below 100 thousand R$ per hectare and a profitability index above 58%, the half-stake and low (0.2 m spacing) cultivation systems proved to be more productive and economically efficient than the open V system, fulfilling the requirements of tomato growers. The creeping system (0.2 m spacing) had the highest percentage of losses (22%) due to non-marketable fruits; Based on damage nature, the half-stake system tomatoes showed black backgrounds and the open and creeping systems showed tomato locules affected by pests.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140409939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Luiz Vieira, Franciely da Silva Ponce, Renê Arnoux da Silva Campos, T. M. D. Queiroz, R. Dallacort, Santino Seabra Júnior
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation can be expensive, with costs exceeding BRL 100,000 per hectare, which drives the search for tactics that reduce costs. Consequently, strategies have been developed to make it viable in tropical regions and areas with water scarcity. The objective was to evaluate the cost and profitability of water management in table tomato cultivation under different irrigation schedules. This study was carried out using the Fascínio tomato hybrid and four irrigation management approaches (no cutting, 100, 105, and 110 days after sowing, DAS). Harvesting was conducted four times, and the averages were summed toCOE estimate the total and commercial production, as well as the losses, for each irrigation schedule. To calculate the cost, both the effective and total operational costs were considered, referring to the establishment of the crop and to each irrigation cut used. Several economic indicators were calculated, including gross income ($), operating profit ($), profitability index (%), gross margin ($), break-even point (kg), and price break-even point ($/kg). The cost of water for irrigation had little impact on Effective Operating Cost (EOC) and Total Operating Cost (TOC); however, the treatment without cutting irrigation provided greater total and commercial production, which reflected the profitability parameters (OP, PI, GM, break-even point, and price break-even point). The treatment without cutting irrigation was 0.13%, 0.19%, and 0.024% more profitable than the treatments with irrigation cuts at 110, 105, and 100 DAS, respectively. This increase in profitability was justified due to the higher productivity, justifying the maintenance of irrigation in tomato cultivation. The treatment without cutting irrigation provided the highest total and commercial productivity of tomato fruits, with 8099.58 and 7927.36 units, respectively, generating a higher gross revenue of $32,398.32.
{"title":"Efficiency and economic viability of water management in the production of table tomatoes","authors":"Carlos Luiz Vieira, Franciely da Silva Ponce, Renê Arnoux da Silva Campos, T. M. D. Queiroz, R. Dallacort, Santino Seabra Júnior","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4159","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation can be expensive, with costs exceeding BRL 100,000 per hectare, which drives the search for tactics that reduce costs. Consequently, strategies have been developed to make it viable in tropical regions and areas with water scarcity. The objective was to evaluate the cost and profitability of water management in table tomato cultivation under different irrigation schedules. This study was carried out using the Fascínio tomato hybrid and four irrigation management approaches (no cutting, 100, 105, and 110 days after sowing, DAS). Harvesting was conducted four times, and the averages were summed toCOE estimate the total and commercial production, as well as the losses, for each irrigation schedule. To calculate the cost, both the effective and total operational costs were considered, referring to the establishment of the crop and to each irrigation cut used. Several economic indicators were calculated, including gross income ($), operating profit ($), profitability index (%), gross margin ($), break-even point (kg), and price break-even point ($/kg). The cost of water for irrigation had little impact on Effective Operating Cost (EOC) and Total Operating Cost (TOC); however, the treatment without cutting irrigation provided greater total and commercial production, which reflected the profitability parameters (OP, PI, GM, break-even point, and price break-even point). The treatment without cutting irrigation was 0.13%, 0.19%, and 0.024% more profitable than the treatments with irrigation cuts at 110, 105, and 100 DAS, respectively. This increase in profitability was justified due to the higher productivity, justifying the maintenance of irrigation in tomato cultivation. The treatment without cutting irrigation provided the highest total and commercial productivity of tomato fruits, with 8099.58 and 7927.36 units, respectively, generating a higher gross revenue of $32,398.32.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"77 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cláudia Salim Lozano Menezes, Roberto Rezende, G. S. Wenneck, R. Saath, Daniele de Souza Terassi, Paulo Sérgio Lourenço de Freitas, Antônio Carlos Andrade Gonçalves, A. Andrean
Determining the need for water, as well as crop coefficients, is essential information for the management of irrigation and consequently efficiency in the use of water resources. The study aimed to determine the evapotranspiration and the culture coefficients of lettuce and radish in a monoculture system and consortium in a protected environment. The lettuce cultivar used was Vanda and for radish hybrid 19 was used. The reference evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method using data from the automatic weather station and the evapotranspiration of the cultures was determined by the direct method using lysimeters of constant water table. The water demand for lettuce and radish in the intercropping system was 170 mm, being less than the lettuce monoculture which was 190 mm and higher than the radish monoculture which was 121 mm. The recommended average values of culture coefficient for conditions were 0.96, 1.85, and 1.50 for lettuce and 0.85, 1.28, and 1.10 for the radish in the initial, intermediate and final stages, respectively. The intercropped cultivation showed lower water consumption than the lettuce monoculture. The coefficient values of lettuce and radish in a monoculture system were higher than the standard values recommended by FAO, emphasizing the importance of conducting regional studies.
{"title":"Intercropping lettuce and radish as strategy for efficient water use: determination of water demand and crop coefficient","authors":"Cláudia Salim Lozano Menezes, Roberto Rezende, G. S. Wenneck, R. Saath, Daniele de Souza Terassi, Paulo Sérgio Lourenço de Freitas, Antônio Carlos Andrade Gonçalves, A. Andrean","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4166","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the need for water, as well as crop coefficients, is essential information for the management of irrigation and consequently efficiency in the use of water resources. The study aimed to determine the evapotranspiration and the culture coefficients of lettuce and radish in a monoculture system and consortium in a protected environment. The lettuce cultivar used was Vanda and for radish hybrid 19 was used. The reference evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman-Monteith method using data from the automatic weather station and the evapotranspiration of the cultures was determined by the direct method using lysimeters of constant water table. The water demand for lettuce and radish in the intercropping system was 170 mm, being less than the lettuce monoculture which was 190 mm and higher than the radish monoculture which was 121 mm. The recommended average values of culture coefficient for conditions were 0.96, 1.85, and 1.50 for lettuce and 0.85, 1.28, and 1.10 for the radish in the initial, intermediate and final stages, respectively. The intercropped cultivation showed lower water consumption than the lettuce monoculture. The coefficient values of lettuce and radish in a monoculture system were higher than the standard values recommended by FAO, emphasizing the importance of conducting regional studies.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"49 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana Paula Morais Menezes, J. F. Kusdra, A. L. E. Moreno
Rhizobacteria of agronomic interest can promote plant growth, increase productivity, and reduce the demand for nitrogen (N) fertilizers by improving the N use efficiency in crops. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of rhizobacteria and nitrogen on the yield of lettuce plants (cultivar Vera). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design in a 2×2×2×2 factorial arrangement, with five repetitions. The factors consisted of single and combined applications of liquid inoculants (1 mL) based on Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, as well as nitrogen (75 kg ha-1) in the growth substrate. The variables assessed were total and commercial shoot fresh and dry weights, root dry weight, total dry weight, and numbers of total and commercial leaves, and shoot nitrogen content. Lettuce yield components improved with nitrogen fertilizer application. The single application of rhizobacteria did not increase lettuce yield, as the plants had decreases in root weight in response to Bradyrhizobium japonicum and decreases in total and commercial shoot dry weights, root dry weight, and total dry weight when Bacillus subtilis was used. However, the combined application of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrogen increased the lettuce number of commercial leaves and shoot nitrogen content when one or another microbial specie was associated with nitrogen fertilizer.
具有农艺学意义的根瘤菌可以促进植物生长、提高产量，并通过提高作物的氮利用效率来减少对氮肥的需求。本研究旨在评估根瘤菌和氮对莴苣（品种 Vera）产量的影响。实验在温室中进行，采用 2×2×2×2 的完全随机设计，共重复 5 次。试验因素包括单一或联合施用基于巴西蔚蓝芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和日本农杆菌的液体接种剂（1 mL），以及生长基质中的氮素（75 kg ha-1）。评估的变量包括总茎和商品茎鲜重和干重、根干重、总干重、总叶片和商品叶片数以及茎氮含量。施用氮肥后，生菜的产量成分有所提高。单一施用根瘤菌并不能提高莴苣产量，因为使用日本农杆菌时，植株根重下降；使用枯草芽孢杆菌时，植株嫩枝干重和商品叶干重、根干重和总干重下降。然而，当一种或另一种微生物菌种与氮肥结合施用时，联合施用巴西鹅膏菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和氮肥可增加莴苣的商品叶片数和嫩枝含氮量。
{"title":"Lettuce yield response to application of rhizobacteria and nitrogen to the growth substrate","authors":"Ana Paula Morais Menezes, J. F. Kusdra, A. L. E. Moreno","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4235","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizobacteria of agronomic interest can promote plant growth, increase productivity, and reduce the demand for nitrogen (N) fertilizers by improving the N use efficiency in crops. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of rhizobacteria and nitrogen on the yield of lettuce plants (cultivar Vera). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design in a 2×2×2×2 factorial arrangement, with five repetitions. The factors consisted of single and combined applications of liquid inoculants (1 mL) based on Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum, as well as nitrogen (75 kg ha-1) in the growth substrate. The variables assessed were total and commercial shoot fresh and dry weights, root dry weight, total dry weight, and numbers of total and commercial leaves, and shoot nitrogen content. Lettuce yield components improved with nitrogen fertilizer application. The single application of rhizobacteria did not increase lettuce yield, as the plants had decreases in root weight in response to Bradyrhizobium japonicum and decreases in total and commercial shoot dry weights, root dry weight, and total dry weight when Bacillus subtilis was used. However, the combined application of Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and nitrogen increased the lettuce number of commercial leaves and shoot nitrogen content when one or another microbial specie was associated with nitrogen fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Bermudes Gomes, V. B. Corte, Carine Coneglian de Farias, J. Rodrigues Filho, Flávio Mauricio Perini, Anderson Mariquito, H. França
Geonoma schottiana Martius (Arecaceae) is an understory palm species widely distributed in Brazil. The objective of this work was to determine the allelopathic potential of Geonoma schottiana leaf extract and its fractions of different polarities and evaluate in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities. The germination of seeds of Lactuca sativa and Panicum maximum was tested using ethanolic leaf extract and its hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. In vitro antioxidant tests were performed through the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and molybdenum tests, whereas the SOD, CAT, and POX enzymatic tests were used to evaluate in vivo antioxidant activity. Chemical analyses were performed through phytochemical screening of the main groups of secondary metabolites by thin-layer chromatography and quantification of the total contents of phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids. The hexane and butanol fractions had allelopathic effects on P. maximum and low activity on L. sativa. The ethyl acetate fraction presented higher antioxidant activity in the DPPH test, whereas butanol presented higher antioxidant activity in the ABTS test. The most active fractions in terms of allelopathic effect interfered with the increases in the production of SOD and POX enzymes. The most polar fractions had higher contents of phenolic compounds. All analyzed chemical groups were found in the phytochemical screening, except the anthracene group.
Geonoma schottiana Martius（天南星科）是一种广泛分布于巴西的林下棕榈物种。这项研究的目的是确定 Geonoma schottiana 叶提取物及其不同极性馏分的等效潜力，并评估其体内外抗氧化活性。使用乙醇叶提取物及其己烷、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯和丁醇馏分测试了莴苣和秫米种子的萌发情况。体外抗氧化测试通过 DPPH、ABTS、FRAP 和钼测试进行，而体内抗氧化活性则通过 SOD、CAT 和 POX 酶测试进行评估。化学分析是通过薄层色谱法对次生代谢物的主要类别进行植物化学筛选，并对酚类、单宁酸和黄酮类化合物的总含量进行定量。正己烷和丁醇馏分对 P. maximum 具有等位病理学作用，而对 L. sativa 的活性较低。乙酸乙酯馏分在 DPPH 试验中表现出较高的抗氧化活性，而丁醇在 ABTS 试验中表现出较高的抗氧化活性。就等位效应而言，活性最强的馏分干扰了 SOD 和 POX 酶生成量的增加。极性最强的馏分具有较高的酚类化合物含量。除蒽类外，植物化学筛选中发现了所有分析化学组。
{"title":"Allelopathic potential of ethanolic extract and its fractions from leaves of Geonoma schottiana Mart.","authors":"Alessandro Bermudes Gomes, V. B. Corte, Carine Coneglian de Farias, J. Rodrigues Filho, Flávio Mauricio Perini, Anderson Mariquito, H. França","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4151","url":null,"abstract":"Geonoma schottiana Martius (Arecaceae) is an understory palm species widely distributed in Brazil. The objective of this work was to determine the allelopathic potential of Geonoma schottiana leaf extract and its fractions of different polarities and evaluate in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities. The germination of seeds of Lactuca sativa and Panicum maximum was tested using ethanolic leaf extract and its hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol fractions. In vitro antioxidant tests were performed through the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and molybdenum tests, whereas the SOD, CAT, and POX enzymatic tests were used to evaluate in vivo antioxidant activity. Chemical analyses were performed through phytochemical screening of the main groups of secondary metabolites by thin-layer chromatography and quantification of the total contents of phenolics, tannins, and flavonoids. The hexane and butanol fractions had allelopathic effects on P. maximum and low activity on L. sativa. The ethyl acetate fraction presented higher antioxidant activity in the DPPH test, whereas butanol presented higher antioxidant activity in the ABTS test. The most active fractions in terms of allelopathic effect interfered with the increases in the production of SOD and POX enzymes. The most polar fractions had higher contents of phenolic compounds. All analyzed chemical groups were found in the phytochemical screening, except the anthracene group.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. A. L. Gomes, R. H. C. R. Araújo, J. S. Nóbrega, J. A. Linné, Albert EM de M Teodosio, Adriana da Silva Santos, Márcio Santos da Silva, J. F. Lima
The use of microalgae has been proeminent in agricultural scenario, because it is an alternative product considered extremelly productive, which contains essential elements for plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the morphophysiology of Punica granatum L. seedlings treated with Spirulina platensis and Scenedesmus sp. nanoparticles in controlled environment. The research was carried out at the of Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal-PB, using a completely randomized design with five replications. The factorial scheme (2 x 4) was adopted, represented by two types of microalgae (Spirulina platensis; Scenedesmus sp.) and four doses of application (0, 5, 10 and 15%). Growth evaluations happened at 135 days after planting, verifying the number of leaves and branches and shoot length. The physiological parameters evaluated were gas exchanges, chlorophyll ‘a’ fluorescence, electron transport rate, stationary fluorescence, maximum fluorescence yield after light adaptation and quantum efficiency of PSII. Shoot length and number of branches had rises at doses of 6 and 15%. Number of leaves was induced in seedlings at dose of 8% with Spirulina platensis. Stomatal conductance and internal CO2 concentration increased in seedlings sprayed with Spirulina platensis. extract of Scenedesmus sp. improved the stationary fluorescence and quantum efficiency of PSII in pomegranate seedlings.
微藻的使用在农业领域一直很突出，因为它是一种被认为具有极高生产力的替代产品，含有植物所必需的元素。因此，本研究旨在评估在受控环境下用扁平螺旋藻和Scenedesmus sp.纳米颗粒处理的石榴树幼苗的形态生理学。研究在庞巴尔格兰德坎皮纳尔联邦大学（Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal-PB）进行，采用完全随机设计，五次重复。采用的因子方案（2 x 4）由两种微藻（螺旋藻；鳞藻）和四种施用剂量（0、5、10 和 15%）代表。种植 135 天后进行生长评估，核实叶片和枝条的数量以及嫩枝的长度。评估的生理参数包括气体交换、叶绿素'a'荧光、电子传输速率、静止荧光、光适应后的最大荧光产量和 PSII 的量子效率。在剂量为 6%和 15%时，芽长和分枝数都有所增加。用 8%剂量的螺旋藻诱导幼苗的叶片数。喷施过螺旋藻的幼苗的气孔导度和内部 CO2 浓度都有所提高。
{"title":"Morphophysiology of Punica Granatum L. under microalgae biomass stimulation","authors":"F. A. L. Gomes, R. H. C. R. Araújo, J. S. Nóbrega, J. A. Linné, Albert EM de M Teodosio, Adriana da Silva Santos, Márcio Santos da Silva, J. F. Lima","doi":"10.14295/cs.v15.4142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4142","url":null,"abstract":"The use of microalgae has been proeminent in agricultural scenario, because it is an alternative product considered extremelly productive, which contains essential elements for plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the morphophysiology of Punica granatum L. seedlings treated with Spirulina platensis and Scenedesmus sp. nanoparticles in controlled environment. The research was carried out at the of Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal-PB, using a completely randomized design with five replications. The factorial scheme (2 x 4) was adopted, represented by two types of microalgae (Spirulina platensis; Scenedesmus sp.) and four doses of application (0, 5, 10 and 15%). Growth evaluations happened at 135 days after planting, verifying the number of leaves and branches and shoot length. The physiological parameters evaluated were gas exchanges, chlorophyll ‘a’ fluorescence, electron transport rate, stationary fluorescence, maximum fluorescence yield after light adaptation and quantum efficiency of PSII. Shoot length and number of branches had rises at doses of 6 and 15%. Number of leaves was induced in seedlings at dose of 8% with Spirulina platensis. Stomatal conductance and internal CO2 concentration increased in seedlings sprayed with Spirulina platensis. extract of Scenedesmus sp. improved the stationary fluorescence and quantum efficiency of PSII in pomegranate seedlings.","PeriodicalId":38570,"journal":{"name":"Comunicata Scientiae","volume":"92 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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