Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2645-2.CH006
V. Mahlangu
The purpose of this chapter is to argue that all open and distance learning (ODL) institutions should carry out quality assurance and accreditation processes in order for students and funders to have confidence in them. It also explains in detail what quality assurance and accreditation entails in ODL. This chapter follows a qualitative approach in understanding quality assurance and accreditation in ODL. Data were collected via literature review. During recent decades, the discourse and practices of systematic quality assurance and quality control have spread around the world, resulting to a great extent in market-based models related to the ideology and policy of neo-liberalism and expressed in economic rationalities such as new public management, total quality management, public choice, and human capital. Quality assurance and accreditation in ODL aims to maintain and raise the quality of education and to guarantee the improvement of its standards.
{"title":"Quality Assurance and Accreditation in Open and Distance Learning","authors":"V. Mahlangu","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2645-2.CH006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2645-2.CH006","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this chapter is to argue that all open and distance learning (ODL) institutions should carry out quality assurance and accreditation processes in order for students and funders to have confidence in them. It also explains in detail what quality assurance and accreditation entails in ODL. This chapter follows a qualitative approach in understanding quality assurance and accreditation in ODL. Data were collected via literature review. During recent decades, the discourse and practices of systematic quality assurance and quality control have spread around the world, resulting to a great extent in market-based models related to the ideology and policy of neo-liberalism and expressed in economic rationalities such as new public management, total quality management, public choice, and human capital. Quality assurance and accreditation in ODL aims to maintain and raise the quality of education and to guarantee the improvement of its standards.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130470959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6155-2.CH010
Venesser Fernandes
This chapter provides a detailed literature review exploring the importance of data-driven decision-making processes in current Australian school improvement processes within a context of evidence-based organizational change and development. An investigation into the concept of decision-making and its effect on organizational culture is conducted as change and development are considered to be the new constants in the current discourse around continuous school improvement in schools. In a close examination of literature, this chapter investigates how key factors such as collaboration, communication, and organizational trust are achieved through data-driven decision-making within continuous school improvement processes. The critical role of leadership in sustaining data cultures is also examined for its direct impact on continuous school improvement processes based on evidence-based organizational change and development practices. Future implications of data-driven decision-making to sustain continuous school improvement and accountability processes in Australian schools are discussed.
{"title":"Investigating the Role of Data-Driven Decision-Making Within School Improvement Processes","authors":"Venesser Fernandes","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-6155-2.CH010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6155-2.CH010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a detailed literature review exploring the importance of data-driven decision-making processes in current Australian school improvement processes within a context of evidence-based organizational change and development. An investigation into the concept of decision-making and its effect on organizational culture is conducted as change and development are considered to be the new constants in the current discourse around continuous school improvement in schools. In a close examination of literature, this chapter investigates how key factors such as collaboration, communication, and organizational trust are achieved through data-driven decision-making within continuous school improvement processes. The critical role of leadership in sustaining data cultures is also examined for its direct impact on continuous school improvement processes based on evidence-based organizational change and development practices. Future implications of data-driven decision-making to sustain continuous school improvement and accountability processes in Australian schools are discussed.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"1 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129363684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-3438-0.ch011
Rinnelle Lee-Piggott
This chapter presents a cultural diagnosis of three schools of differing effectiveness states – ‘excelling', ‘mostly effective' and ‘under academic watch' within Trinidad, which face socio-economic challenges. It utilizes a multi-method, multiple case study approach and presents an adapted conceptualization of school culture, which is used as an analytical framework to diagnose the professional orientation of teachers within the cultures of the participating schools. Findings reveal that teachers' professional orientation, particularly their dispositions and psychological states, are critically important to many aspects of schooling, including students' orientations and their academic performance and achievement.
{"title":"School Culture, Effectiveness and Low SES in Trinidad","authors":"Rinnelle Lee-Piggott","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-3438-0.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3438-0.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a cultural diagnosis of three schools of differing effectiveness states – ‘excelling', ‘mostly effective' and ‘under academic watch' within Trinidad, which face socio-economic challenges. It utilizes a multi-method, multiple case study approach and presents an adapted conceptualization of school culture, which is used as an analytical framework to diagnose the professional orientation of teachers within the cultures of the participating schools. Findings reveal that teachers' professional orientation, particularly their dispositions and psychological states, are critically important to many aspects of schooling, including students' orientations and their academic performance and achievement.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114530548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0457-3.CH011
Joel García Mendoza, E. O. C. Espinosa, Jorge Mejía Bricaire, F. Hurtado
Currently the development of countries has acquired importance as a result of the process of economic globalization, which has established various challenges to the economic activities worldwide. So numerical, mathematical and digital competences, are very important to participating fully in the knowledge society. Thus, the chapter proposal considers Checkland's Methodology as an oriented alternative to analyze the object of study in situations with a high rate of human intervention such as education. The chapter proposal will be organized into three sections: the first one related to the factors involved in school performance, the quality of education and the impact that have the math skills at middle school; the second focused on the characteristics of the methodology of Checkland applied to mathematics, and the third, a key options proposal for designing to the students motivation for a better mathematics learning that allows assessment of the institutional management in performance in such subject and increase educational standards.
{"title":"Impact of Mathematics School Performance at Middle School for Academic Institutional Management Based on the Checkland Methodology","authors":"Joel García Mendoza, E. O. C. Espinosa, Jorge Mejía Bricaire, F. Hurtado","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-0457-3.CH011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0457-3.CH011","url":null,"abstract":"Currently the development of countries has acquired importance as a result of the process of economic globalization, which has established various challenges to the economic activities worldwide. So numerical, mathematical and digital competences, are very important to participating fully in the knowledge society. Thus, the chapter proposal considers Checkland's Methodology as an oriented alternative to analyze the object of study in situations with a high rate of human intervention such as education. The chapter proposal will be organized into three sections: the first one related to the factors involved in school performance, the quality of education and the impact that have the math skills at middle school; the second focused on the characteristics of the methodology of Checkland applied to mathematics, and the third, a key options proposal for designing to the students motivation for a better mathematics learning that allows assessment of the institutional management in performance in such subject and increase educational standards.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126024077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3949-0.CH016
Ebba S. I. Ossiannilsson
This chapter focuses on learners and the transformation of education for UNESCO SDG4 to ensure inclusive, affordable and quality education for all to support lifelong learning, based on access, equity, diversity, and quality. It addresses the current need for open, innovative, and collaborative education. The first theme concerns the next generation of learners, and includes lifelong learning, ethics, inclusion, and modernization of higher education. The second theme focuses on 21st century skills and digital learners. The third theme examines the ways in which learners take the lead in and own their learning, including self-determined learning. The last theme considers models of quality learning for the next generation of learners, as well as learning, and teaching in unbundling scenarios. A model on systemic transformation through a smart framework is also presented.
{"title":"Promoting Active and Meaningful Learning for Digital Learners","authors":"Ebba S. I. Ossiannilsson","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-3949-0.CH016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3949-0.CH016","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on learners and the transformation of education for UNESCO SDG4 to ensure inclusive, affordable and quality education for all to support lifelong learning, based on access, equity, diversity, and quality. It addresses the current need for open, innovative, and collaborative education. The first theme concerns the next generation of learners, and includes lifelong learning, ethics, inclusion, and modernization of higher education. The second theme focuses on 21st century skills and digital learners. The third theme examines the ways in which learners take the lead in and own their learning, including self-determined learning. The last theme considers models of quality learning for the next generation of learners, as well as learning, and teaching in unbundling scenarios. A model on systemic transformation through a smart framework is also presented.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127610757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3451-8.CH015
Genshu Lu, Mei Tian, M. Lai
This questionnaire study, involving 4,903 final year undergraduate students in China, investigated Chinese students' intention to seek foreign postgraduate education. Drawing on college choice models and “push-pull” models, this research presented a comprehensive model to explain Chinese college students' choices of foreign education. Logistic regression analysis showed that personal academic performance, foreign language proficiency, family socio-economic status, institutional factors, and quality of foreign education had significant impact on the intention to study abroad. The students' outward mobility was also driven by their dissatisfaction with domestic postgraduate education. The participants' perception of the academic quality of postgraduate education in the USA was the most positive, followed respectively by the UK, Hong Kong, and Australia. Theoretically, the research indicated that it was the “push-pull” pairs, as exemplified by dissatisfaction with domestic postgraduate education and perceived positive images of foreign postgraduate education, that led to Chinese students' decision to study abroad and their selection of specific study destinations. This study has implications for recruitment and retention of Chinese students in higher education institutions both in and outside China.
{"title":"Analysis of Factors Influencing Chinese Undergraduate Students' Choice of Foreign Postgraduate Education","authors":"Genshu Lu, Mei Tian, M. Lai","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-3451-8.CH015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3451-8.CH015","url":null,"abstract":"This questionnaire study, involving 4,903 final year undergraduate students in China, investigated Chinese students' intention to seek foreign postgraduate education. Drawing on college choice models and “push-pull” models, this research presented a comprehensive model to explain Chinese college students' choices of foreign education. Logistic regression analysis showed that personal academic performance, foreign language proficiency, family socio-economic status, institutional factors, and quality of foreign education had significant impact on the intention to study abroad. The students' outward mobility was also driven by their dissatisfaction with domestic postgraduate education. The participants' perception of the academic quality of postgraduate education in the USA was the most positive, followed respectively by the UK, Hong Kong, and Australia. Theoretically, the research indicated that it was the “push-pull” pairs, as exemplified by dissatisfaction with domestic postgraduate education and perceived positive images of foreign postgraduate education, that led to Chinese students' decision to study abroad and their selection of specific study destinations. This study has implications for recruitment and retention of Chinese students in higher education institutions both in and outside China.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126800682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7110-0.CH002
N. Davids
Underscoring the immense educational policy reform which accompanied the emergence of a democratic South Africa is an emphasis of the (re)alignment of rights, justice, and equitable access. It soon became apparent that, although educational reform aligned itself with notions of democratic citizenship education, inadequate attention was being given to, on the one hand, the capacity of teachers, and on the other hand, the willingness of teachers to assume responsibility for their roles as facilitators of citizenship education. The concern of this chapter is to consider the role of “the teacher” in relation to educational policy. Secondly, attention is given to the types of interventions availed to teachers in their roles as the facilitators of democratic citizenship education. The chapter concludes by showing that not only has educational policy reform been remiss of “the teacher,” but it is also this inattention that continues to undermine the democratic agenda within schools and beyond.
{"title":"Democratic Citizenship Education in South Africa","authors":"N. Davids","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7110-0.CH002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7110-0.CH002","url":null,"abstract":"Underscoring the immense educational policy reform which accompanied the emergence of a democratic South Africa is an emphasis of the (re)alignment of rights, justice, and equitable access. It soon became apparent that, although educational reform aligned itself with notions of democratic citizenship education, inadequate attention was being given to, on the one hand, the capacity of teachers, and on the other hand, the willingness of teachers to assume responsibility for their roles as facilitators of citizenship education. The concern of this chapter is to consider the role of “the teacher” in relation to educational policy. Secondly, attention is given to the types of interventions availed to teachers in their roles as the facilitators of democratic citizenship education. The chapter concludes by showing that not only has educational policy reform been remiss of “the teacher,” but it is also this inattention that continues to undermine the democratic agenda within schools and beyond.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"659 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116095852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7347-0.CH016
C. Patro
The value of education is a dynamic and multi-dimensional concept that refers not only to the educational model but also to the institutional mission and its goals, as well as to the specific standards of the system, facility, program, or event. In today's competitive scenario, the academic institutions need to focus explicitly on providing effective and quality education to the students with the help of experienced academicians. The education quality would increase when the faculty members are having a better quality of work life, and this can be possible by providing better welfare conveniences to them by the academic institutions. Welfare amenities enable the staff members to live a quality and more satisfactory life. These facilities also help to keep their motivation levels high. The chapter articulates the existence of quality of work life programs in academic institutions in order to retain valuable faculty members who influence the value of education.
{"title":"Academicians Quality of Work Life and Its Influence on Value of Education","authors":"C. Patro","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7347-0.CH016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7347-0.CH016","url":null,"abstract":"The value of education is a dynamic and multi-dimensional concept that refers not only to the educational model but also to the institutional mission and its goals, as well as to the specific standards of the system, facility, program, or event. In today's competitive scenario, the academic institutions need to focus explicitly on providing effective and quality education to the students with the help of experienced academicians. The education quality would increase when the faculty members are having a better quality of work life, and this can be possible by providing better welfare conveniences to them by the academic institutions. Welfare amenities enable the staff members to live a quality and more satisfactory life. These facilities also help to keep their motivation levels high. The chapter articulates the existence of quality of work life programs in academic institutions in order to retain valuable faculty members who influence the value of education.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134604456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3395-5.CH012
A. Kolesenkov, A. Taganov
The chapter has considered research and instructional methodology aspects for development of methodological, informational, and instrumental, ensuring of the education quality management system which are necessary to be taken into account in modern conditions. Mathematical bases of the geoinformation system application for monitoring of the education process realization quality have been developed. Model, method, and algorithm for quality assessment of the educational process realization in institutions have been unfolded. A way of representing some fuzzy production rules in solving application tasks of fuzzy modeling and executing the process of approximate reasoning on educational risks has been introduced. A fuzzy production system of educational risk analysis on the basis of using modified fuzzy Petri nets has been realized. Analysis of possibilities to apply suggested approaches for monitoring of institutions at various levels has been conducted.
{"title":"The Usage of GIS in Realizing Engineering Education Quality","authors":"A. Kolesenkov, A. Taganov","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-3395-5.CH012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3395-5.CH012","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter has considered research and instructional methodology aspects for development of methodological, informational, and instrumental, ensuring of the education quality management system which are necessary to be taken into account in modern conditions. Mathematical bases of the geoinformation system application for monitoring of the education process realization quality have been developed. Model, method, and algorithm for quality assessment of the educational process realization in institutions have been unfolded. A way of representing some fuzzy production rules in solving application tasks of fuzzy modeling and executing the process of approximate reasoning on educational risks has been introduced. A fuzzy production system of educational risk analysis on the basis of using modified fuzzy Petri nets has been realized. Analysis of possibilities to apply suggested approaches for monitoring of institutions at various levels has been conducted.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130952447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5846-0.CH001
C. Denman, R. Al-Mahrooqi
Quality emerged as an important consideration in educational contexts around the world more than three decades ago. However, providing quality education is no simple matter as there are many different perspectives about achieving this outcome. Despite this challenge, there is an increasing awareness in the Sultanate of Oman about the need to create and monitor education quality at all levels. In pursuit of this goal, Oman's Ministry of Education has implemented several important reforms which have encompassed all school subjects, including English. Basic education is one of the most significant of these reforms. To date, however, there is no indication of any significant improvement in English achievement levels in either schools or universities as a result of these programs. The aim of this chapter is to elucidate the challenges reported in the literature that face the provision of quality education at all levels in Oman. Opportunities for improvement and solutions to existing problems are also discussed.
{"title":"Quality Assurance in English Education in Omani Schools","authors":"C. Denman, R. Al-Mahrooqi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-5846-0.CH001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5846-0.CH001","url":null,"abstract":"Quality emerged as an important consideration in educational contexts around the world more than three decades ago. However, providing quality education is no simple matter as there are many different perspectives about achieving this outcome. Despite this challenge, there is an increasing awareness in the Sultanate of Oman about the need to create and monitor education quality at all levels. In pursuit of this goal, Oman's Ministry of Education has implemented several important reforms which have encompassed all school subjects, including English. Basic education is one of the most significant of these reforms. To date, however, there is no indication of any significant improvement in English achievement levels in either schools or universities as a result of these programs. The aim of this chapter is to elucidate the challenges reported in the literature that face the provision of quality education at all levels in Oman. Opportunities for improvement and solutions to existing problems are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":386068,"journal":{"name":"Research Anthology on Preparing School Administrators to Lead Quality Education Programs","volume":"824 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133287983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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